人教版高中英语必修1知识点汇总（一册全）

人教版高中英语必修一知识点汇总

Unit1Friendship

一、重点单词及短语

l.begoodto对待…好

begoodfor对...有好处

begoodat擅长makegood有成就；成功asgoodas实际上；几乎等于

agooddeal许多，大量彻底的；完全的；痛快的tohaveagooddrink喝个痛快

2.addup

特别注意有关的几个词组：

add...to...给…添加…，把...加到…上

addto增添，增加

addup把…加起来

addupto合计达...

*Ifyouadd5to5,youget10.

*Sheaddedsugartothetea.

*Ifyouaddsomepicturestoyourreport,thatwillbebetter.

*Thebadweatheraddedtoourdifficulties.

*EverytimeIaddthesefiguresup,Igetadifferentanswer.

*Hismonthlyincomeaddeduptonomorethan$1,000.

翻译：请对我的话做些补充。

PleaseaddsomethingtowhatI'vesaid.

请帮我把这些数字加起来。

Pleaseaddupthesefiguresforme.

3.upset(upset,upsel)vt.使难过、不安；

adj.难过的，不安的

"Losingthegameupsether.

*Hisfriend^deathupsethimverymuch.

*rilbereallyupsetifyoudon'tcome.

*1wasveryupsettoseeshewashurt.

*Youlookupset-whafshappened?

4.ignorevt.忽略，没注意；不理睬

*Eventhemostcarefulpersonmayignoreit.

*It'saquestionthatcanbeeasilyignored.

*1greetedhim,butheignoredme.

5.calmadj.平静的，镇静的；风平浪静的

vt.使平静

*Afterthestorm,theseawascalmagain.

*Keepcalmintimeofdanger.

*Don,tbenervous;calmyourselfplease.

calmdown平静下来

*1toldhimtocalmdown.

6.concernvt.关系至U,和…有关；使关心

*Thismatterconcernsallofus.

*I'mnotconcernedwiththismatteragain.

beconcernedabout关心为...担心

*Pleasedon'tbeconcernedaboutme.

7.gothrough经历，经受；审阅，检查

*Mostfamilieswentthroughalotduringthewar.

*1can'tgothroughtheselettersinanhour.

8."makeherdiaryherbestfriend^^

“callmyfriendKitty”

make和call都能以名词作宾语补足语，即

make+sb./sth.+n.使某人/某物成为…

call+sb./sth.+n.称某人/某物为…

*Wemusttrytomakeourcountryastrongone.

*A11workandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.

*Wecalledmessengermsninshort.

*Whatdoyoucallit?

9.everythingtodowithnature

something/anything/everything/nothingtodowith

与…有关/无关

*Whalheisdoinghasnothingtodowithhiswork.

10.fartoomuch实在太多

toomuch(+n.)太多(…)，超过某人的能力

far/muchtoo+adj./adv.实在太...

toomuchhomework

Theworkistoomuchforaboylikehim.

It's(much/far)toohottoday

much/fartoomuch实在太多

11.suffervi.受苦，受痛苦,受损失

vt.受到，遭受

*Hesufferedterriblywhenhismotherdied.

*Helookedpale,andseemedtohavesufferedalot/agreatdeal.

*Wesufferedaset-back/nopain.

sufferfrom遭受，患(病)

*1sufferedmuchfromlackofrest.

sufferfromcold/cancer

12.recovervt.恢复vi.痊愈

*Sherecoveredherhealth.

*Amyisrecoveringfromasevereillness.

*Heisunlikelytorecover.

13.gettiredof对…开始感到厌烦（表动作）

betiredof对...感到厌烦（表状态）

14.getalongwith和…相处；进展

*Theygetalongquitewellwitheachother.

*Howareyougettingalongwithyourclassmates?

*HowareyougettingalongwithyourEnglish?

*I'mgettingalongwellwithmystudy.

15.exactlyadv.确切地；正是；说的对

*Youmusttellmeexactlywhatyou'redoing?

*ThafsexactlywhatIwant.

*Itlooksexactlylikeanelephant'sleg.

*Exactly!（=That,sright.）

16.gratefuladj.感激的

*Fmverygratefultoyouforyouradvice.

=Thankyouverymuchforyouradvice.

17.join

A.参加，加入（成为其中的成员）

*Hejoinedthearmy/theParty3yearsago.

*Heistooyoungtojointheclub.

B.joinsb.和某人一起（从事某活动）

*Willyoujoinusfordinner?

*FI1joinyoulater.

*MayIjoinyouinthegame?

C.joinin参加某活动（=takepartin）

*Alotofnewcomersjoinedinthediscussion.

*MayIjoininthegame?

二、重点句型

1.Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts?

2.IwonderifjfsbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthalI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverything

todowithnature.

3.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowers

couldneverhavekeptmespellbound.

4.It'snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.

5.It/This/Thatisthefirst/second...timethat+现在完成时

“某人第一/二次做……”

eg.ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeentotheairport.

It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second...time

that+过去完成时

eg.ItwasthesecondtimethatIhadseenhim.

三、语法

语法一直接引语和间接引语

概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。

间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。

例：Mr.Blacksaid,"I'mbusy.”

Mr.Blacksaidthathewasbusy.

变化规则

（一）陈述句的变化规则

直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、

时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。

人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思

例：1.Hesaid,1likeitverymuch.,,—Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.

2.Hesaidtome,'Tvleftmybookinyourroom.^^

—>Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.

时态的变化

直接引语间接引语

一般现在时一般过去时

现在进行时过去进行时

现在完成时过去完成时

一般过去时过去完成时

一般将来时过去将来时

过去完成时过去完成时

例：

“Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary,“saidAnne.

—Annesaidthatshedidn'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary.

Theboysaid,"I'musingakniffe.”

—Theboysaidthathewasusingaknife.

▲注意：如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如:

Hesaid,“Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.”

Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.

指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化

直接引语间接引语

thisthat

thesethose

nowthen

agobefore/earlier

todaythatday

yesterdaythedaybefore

tomorrowthenext/followingday

thedayaftertomorrowIntwoday'stime

comego

herethere

thedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore/earlier

（二）祈使句的变化规则

如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并根据句子意思在

不定式前加上lell/ask/order等动词，如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面还要加上not。例：

Thehostesssaidtous,“Pleasesitdown.”

—Thehostessaskedustositdown.

Hesaid,"Don'tmakesomuchnoise,boys.^^

—►Hetoldtheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.

（三）疑问句的变化规则

如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号。

一般疑问句：如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said时，要改为ask或asked,

原问句变为由if/whether引导的宾语从句。例：

“Doyouthinkadiarycanbecomeyourfriend?^^thewritersays.

一Thewriterasksusifwethinkadiarycanbecomeourfriend.

2）特殊疑问句：如果间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述

句。例：

“Whatdoyouwant?”heaskedme.

—>HeaskedmewhatIwanted.

Unit2Englisharoundtheworld

一、重点单词及短语

1.because和becauseof

*Wewerelatebecauseitrained.

Wewerelatebecauseoftherain.

*Henolongerworksherebecauseheisold.

Henolongerworksherebecauseofhisoldage.

用becauseof改写句子：

*Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.

*Hedidn'tcomebecausehislegwasbroken

*Wehadtostayathomebecausetheweatherwasbad.

*1realizedthatshewasupsetwhatIhadsaid.

2.actually实际上

表示同类意思的还有：

infact,asamatteroffact,inreality

3.bebasedon根据，以…为基础

该词组来源于basesth.onsth.把...建立在...基础上

*Alicealwaysbasesheropinionsonthefacts.

=Alice,sopinionsarealwaysbasedonthefacts.

beconcernedabout…来源于concernoneselfabout...

betiredof来源于tired...of...

4.theEnglishlanguage英语

此时要用定冠词the

对比：

*HecanspeakEnglish.

HecanspeaktheEnglishlanguage.

称Chineseisdifficulttolearn.

TheChineselanguageisdifficulttolearn.

*rvelearnedJapanesefbrfiveyears.

I'velearnedtheJapaneselanguagefbrfiveyears.

5.vocabulary

"EnglishhasamuchlargervocabularythanFrench.

町hechildhasaverylargevocabularyforhisage.

*Hehasavocabularyofabout5,000Englishwords.

*Yourvocabularyistoosmall;youshouldlearnmorewords.

6.the1600s或the1600's十七世纪

读作thesixteenhundreds

the1980's/the1980s二十世纪八十年代

7.makeuseof利用

我们必须好好利用时间。

*Wemustmakegooduseofourtime.

这本字典应该充分利用。

*Thedictionaryshouldbemadefulluseof.

(Fullusemustbemadeofthedictionary.)

8.thelatter(两个中)后者

theformer...,thelatter…前者后者…

*JohnandJamesarebrothers.Theformerisateacher;thelatterisanengineer.

*Ofthepigandthecow,thelatterismorevaluable.

9.anumberof和thenumberof

对比：

*Anumberofstudentsinourcollegearefromthesouth.

*Thenumberofthestudentswhoarefromthesouthissmall.

anumberof后跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数；

thenumberof后跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数。

lO.holdon坚持；别挂断

*Holdon;everythingwillbeallright.

*Holdonaminute!

*Ifyouholdonfbramoment,I'llgethimforyou.

11.playapart/rolein起作用；扮演角色

*Sheplayedanimportantpart/roleinwinningthematch.

*Whatpart/roledidheplay?

*Heplayedaleadingpart/roleinthefilm.

12.recognisevt.认出，承认，认识到

*Dogsrecognizepeoplebytheirsmell.

当我那天去机场接他时，他一开始没认出我。

*WhenImethimattheairporttheotherday,hedidn'trecognizemeatfirst.

町heUnitedStatesdoesnotrecognizethePLO.

二、重点句型

l.AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglish

spokentoday.

2.TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.

3.Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.

三、语法

语法・一英语中的命令(command)语气和请求(request)语气

命令语气：表示直接命令某人做某事，语气比较重，不怎么礼貌，一般用于上级对下级

例：1.“Lookattheexample,,,theteachersaidtous.

2.Openthewindow!

请求语气：表示请求某人做某事，语气比较缓和，非常礼貌

例：1.“WouldyouliketoseemySheasked.

2.Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?

Unit3TravelJournal

一、重点单词及短语

1.prefer

A.prefersth.

*Whichdoyouprefer?

Iprefertheblueone.

B.prefersth.Atosth.B

*1preferthetowntothebigcity.

C.prefertodo/doing

*1preferbeingalone.

*1prefertotakeawalkaftersupper.

D.preferdoingAtodoingB

*1preferwalkingtheretogoingbybus.

E.prefertodoAratherthandoB

*1prefertowalkthereratherthangobybus.

F.prefersb.todo

*1preferyoutostayathome.

2.eversince=since(自从)prep.conj.&adv.

*1haven'tbeenbacktomyhometown(ever)sincechildhood.

*1haven'tbeenbacktomyhometown(ever)sinceIleft30yearsago.

*1leftmyhometown30yearsagoandhaven'tbeenbackthere(ever)since.

*Hereturnedhomein2001andhasstayedthere(ever)since.

*Hehasstayedthere(ever)since2001.

*Thefirstuseofatomicweaponswasin1945,andtheirpower__increasedenormouslyeversince.

A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.hadbeen

(答案为C)

3.persuade

persuadesb.todosth说服某人做某事

"Finallywepersuadedhimtocomewithus.

*HepersuadedmetobuythehouseandnowI'mgladhedid.

注意：如果说而不服则应该说：

advisesb.todo或trytopersuadesb.todo

*1advised(triedtopersuade)himtogiveupsmokingbuthewouldn'tlisten.

4.graduatevi.毕业;n.毕业生;adj.研究生的

*Hegraduatedfromuniversitylastyear.

*Hegraduatedinengineeringlastyear.

acollegegraduate大学毕业生

agraduatestudent研究生

5.Itwasmysisterwho...

这是个强调句。强调句的句型：

Itis/was+被强调部分+that…

1）1methimintheparkyesterday.一

分别对非强调句中划线部分强调

*ItwasIthat/whomethimintheparkyesterday.

（强调人而且作主语时可用who）

*ItwashimthatImetintheparkyesterday.

*ItwasintheparkthatImethimyesterday.

wasyesterdaythatImethiminthepark.

2）一般疑问句的强调句

只需把“Itis/was+被强调部分+that…”改为“Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that...”即可。

3）特殊疑问句的强调句

*Hedidn'tcomebecausehewasill.一

Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcome.

一Whywasitthathedidn'tcome?

*Whowasitthatmethimintheparkyesterday?

*Whenwasitthatyoumethiminthepark?

*Wherewasitthatyoumethimyesterday?

*Whom/Whowasitthatyoumetintheparkyesterday?

*HestayedinLondonforihreemonths.一

*HowlongwasitthathestayedinLondon?

4）特别注意not…until…如何变为强调句

*Hedidn'tgotobeduntilwecameback.一

Itwasnotuntilwecamebackthathewenttobed.

5）强调句的特点：

1）必须要有it,be动词和that,缺一不可。

2）被强调部分必须是代词,名词，时间副词和地点副词以及从句。

3）如同非强调句可改为强调句一样，强调句也应能够还原成非强调句。

6.whereitbegins在它（河）开始的地方

where可作连词，引导地点状语从句，意为“在/到…的地方”.

*ThisiswhereIwasborn.

*Thebookiswhereyouputityesterday.

*Takehimwhereifsquiet.

*1willmeetyouwherewefirstmet.

*Bamboogrowsbestwhereit'swarmandwet.

7.befondof

*Whichsubjectareyoufondof?

I'mfondofgeography.

*She,sfondofspeakingEnglish.

对比：

*--Whichsubjectdoyoulike?

——Ilikegeography.

*ShelikesspeakingEnglish.

8.wayofdoingsth做某事的方式/方法

也可说waytodosth.

9.insistvt.&vi.坚持要求，一定要

A.insistondoing

*Heinsistedonleavingrightnow.

*1insistonknowingthetruth.

*1insistonyougivingusreply.

*1insisteduponherstayinginLondon.

*1insistedonbeingtoldthetruth.

*Weinsistedonhimbeingsenttohospitalatonce.

B.insistthat从句中用should+原形或只用原形)

*Weinsisted(that)he(should)besenttohospitalatonce.

*1insisthegoatonce.

*Heinsistedtheplanbeearnedoutassoonaspossible.

如果表示“坚持认为，坚持说”，则从句动词形式不受限制。

lO.determinedadj.决心，坚定的

*I'mdeterminednottofollowhisadvice.

*Theyaredeterminedtowinthegame.

*Sheisadeterminedwoman,whoalwaysgetswhatshewants.

11.analtitudeof5,000metres

类似的说法：

*Chinahasapopulationof1.3billion.

*Chinahasanareaof9.6millionsquarekilometers.

*TheMekonghasalengthofmorethan4,000km.

*Hewasdrivingataspeedof80kmanhour.

12.onceconj.一旦

*Onceyoumakeapromise,youshouldkeepit.

*Onceyoushowfear,hewillattackyou.

13.makeupone'smind

*HemadeuphismindtolearnEnglishwell.

*TheymadeuptheirmindstocyclealongtheMekong.

=TheydecidedtocyclealongtheMekong.

=TheyweredeterminedtocyclealongtheMekong.

14.givein(to)vi.(向…)让步,(向…)屈服

*IntheendIhadtogivein.

"Don'tgiveintohim.

giveupvt.放弃

*Hegaveuphisjobtolookafterhisinvalidmother.

*1giveupsmokingtenyearsago.

15.throughthevalley,across...

throughthedoor(window,wall,tunnel,forest,city,crowd,valley,street)

acrosstheriver(square,street,desert,lake,bridge,surface,room,hall)

16.bendvt.使弯曲vi.弯腰,拐弯n.拐弯处

*Hebenthisheadandhurriedon.

*WhalwillhappenifIbendtheruler?

*Hebentdownandpickeditup.

*Theriverbendswestward.

*Theriverisfullofbends.

17.attitudeto/loward(s)对...的态度

*What'sWangWei'sattitudeto/towardsthetrip?

18.change…for…以...换...

.changethehouseforalargerone

.Changeyourdirtyclothesforcleanones

二、重点句型

l.Twoyearsagosheboughtanexpensivemountainbikeandthenshepersuadedmetobuyone.

2.1twasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereit

ends.

3.Althoughshedidn'tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.

4.Shegavemeadeterminedlook-thekindthatsaidthatshewouldnotchangehermind.

5.Onceshehasmadeuphermind,nothingcanchangeit.

三、语法

现在进行时表将来

现在进行时表将来，表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，常见的现在进行时表将来的动词有：come/go/

leave/arrive/travel/take/stay/do等.

例：1.Tmcoming.我就来

2.whatareyoudoingnextSunday?你下个星期天做什么？

3.1hearthatyouaretravellingalongMekongRiver.我听说你将沿湄公河旅行

4.Whereareyoustayingatnight?你们晚上待在哪里/

Unit4Earthquakes

一、重点单词及短语

1.thinklittle/badlyof认为…不好;对…不在意

*1thinklittleofthatplan.

*Hethoughtbadlyofmebefore.

thinkmuch/highly/wellof对...评彳介彳艮高

2.asif/asthough似乎，好像

A.以“itlooks/seemsasi—句子”的形式出现

*Itlooksasifit'sgoingtorain.

*Itseemsasifwe'llhavetowalkhome.

B.以“主语+Iook/seem/taste/smell/feel等系动词+asif...”的形式出现

*Themilktastesasifithasalreadygonebad.

*Helookedasifhewereastrangerhere.

*Shefeltasifsomethingbadwouldhappen.

C.以asif从句作状语的形式出现

*1loveyouasifyouweremyownchild.

*1rememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.

2.one-thirdofthenation;two-thirdsofthem

全国三分之一的地方;他们中三分之二的人

英语中分数的构成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子超过1时，分母用复数。

onethird/athird三分之一

twothirds三分之二

afifth/onefifth五分之一

three-fifths五分之三

特殊分数的表示

onehalf/ahalf二分之一

onefourth/aquarter四分之一

threefourths/threequarters四分之三

（参见教材P.83）

3.however然而，不过

可位于句首、句中或句末，但要加逗号。

*Hesaidthatitwasso;hewaswrong,however.

*However,themedicinedidnothavemucheffect.

*Themedicine,however,didnothavemucheffect.

4.1astvi.持续

*Thehotweatherlastedforawholeweek.

*Buttheirfriendshipdidn'tlastlong.

5.Allhopewasnotlost.希望并没有全部失去。

all+not(无论nol在句中什么位置)均表示部分否定。

*Notallthestudentsarehere.

=A11thestudentsarenothere.

并不是所有的学生都在这里。

*1didn'tunderstandallthathesaid.

every,everybody,everyone,everything,everywhere,both+not都表示部分否定。

*BolhofthemarenotfromAmerica.

=NotbothofthemarefromAmerica.

*1canunderstandwhathesaid,butnoteveryword.

*Youcannotfinditeverywhere.

若要表示全部否定，则要用none,neither.

*Noneofthemarehere.所有的人都不在。

*Noneofthemishere.没有一个人在。

"NeitherofthemisfromAmerica.

6.thedead死了的人

某些形容词和分词前面加the,可表示一类

theblind盲人；theold老人

thesick病人theinjured受伤的人

therich富人thepoor穷人

7.tothenorthofthecity在城市以北

在east/south/west/north前可分别用介词in/on/to,表示不同的位置关系，in表示在某范围内；on表示在范围

外但又相邻；to表示范围以外且不相邻。

"ChinaintheeastofAsia.

*JapanistotheeastofChina.

*RussiaisonthenorthofChina.

8.referto

*refertoadictionary/thereferencebook/one'snotes,etc.查阅,参照

*WhenIsaidsomeonewaslazy,Iwasn'treferringtoyou.指,提到］

*Don'trefertothematteragain.

9.frightened/frightening

某些及物动词的现在分词和过去分词都可以作定语和表语，但意义不同，现在分词(-ing)表示“令人…”，而过

去分词(.ed)则表示“感到…”，

*afrightenedboy一个吓坏了的男孩

afrighteningsound令人害怕的声音

*excitedstudents激动的学生

excitingnews令人激动的消息

*surprisedguests感到意外的客人

asurprisingresult令人意外的结果

*Thenationwasshockedatthenews.

Thenewswasshocking.

lO.congratulationn.祝贺

congratulatevt.祝贺

congratulatesb.onsth./doingsth

名词也一样：congratulationon...

但名词常用复数

*Weofferedourcongratulationstohimonwinningtheprize.

*—Iwonthefirstprize.

一Congratulations!

11.haveyouspeaktotheparkvisitors

have在此作使役动词“使，让”解释，其后面的宾语和宾补是主动关系时，宾补用不带to的原形，即“havesb.

dosth.”此时相当于"make/letsb.dosth”.

*rilhave/makemybrotherdothework.

*Don'tforgettohavehimcome.

但getsb.todosth.

二、重点句型

1.Thenumberofthepeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.P26

2.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.P26

3.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.P26

4.Itwasacitywhosehospitals,75%ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand90%ofitshomesweregone.P26

5.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.P26

6.Thearmyorganizedteamslodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandloburyihedead.P26

三、语法

定语从句

概念：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

成分：先行词，即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词；关系代词：that,which,who（宾格为whom,所有格为whose）；

或者关系副词where,when,why等。关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间，起着连接主

从句的作用。

1.关系代词that的用法

关系代词that在定语从句中既能指人，也能指物；既能做主语，也能做宾语

例：1）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.（指物,作主语）

2）Thenoodles（that）Icookedweredelicious.（指物，作宾语）

3）Whoisthemanthatisreadingabookoverthere?（指人，作主语）

4）Thegirl（that）wesawyesterdaywasJim'ssister,（指人，作宾语）

2.关系代词which的用法

关系代词which在定语从句中只能指物，但既可以做宾语也能作主语

例：1)Theyplantedsometreeswhichdidn'tneedmuchwater.(作主语)

2)Thefish(which)weboughtthismorningwerenotfresh.(作宾语)

3.关系代词who,whom的用法

关系代词who,whom只能指人，在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语

例：1)TheforeignerwhohelpedusyesterdayisfromUSA.(作主语)

2)ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedtoisMr.Li,(作宾语)、

4.关系代词whose在的用法

关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式，其先行词既可以是人也可以是物，whose和它所修饰的

名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语。

例：1)Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownallovertheworld.(指人，作主语)

2)Theroomwhosewindowfacessouthismine.(指物，作主语)

3)HehaswrittenabookwhosenameI'veforgotten.(指物，作宾语)

5.关系副词when的用法

关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语

例：1)Tilneverforgetthetimewhen(=duringwhich)weworkedonthefarm.

2)Doyouremembertheafternoonwhen(=onwhich)wefirstmetthreeyearsago?

6.关系副词where在定语从句中的用法

关系副词where在定语从句中做地点状语

例：1)Thisistheplacewhere(=at/inwhich)wefirstmet.

2)Thehotelwhere(=inwhich)westayedwasn'tveryclean.

7.关系副词why在定语从句中的用法

关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语

例：1).Ididn'tgetapayrise,butthiswasn'tthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ileft.

2).Thereasonwhy(=forwhich)hehaslatewasthathemissedthetrain.

Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero

一、重点单词及短语

1.devotevt.

⑴devotesth.to(doing)sth.把时间(钱,精力等)献给某事物。

如：Theydevotedagreatdealofmoneytotheimprovementoftherailwaystation.他们花了一大笔钱来改善火

车站的条件。

Hedevotedallhisfreetimetoplayingthepiano.

他把所有的业余的时间都用来弹钢琴。

(2).devoteoneselftosb(doingsth)献身于或致力于(做)某事。

如：Afterhegraduated,hecontinuedtodevotehimselftoresearch.毕业之后他继续致力于研究工作。

Hedevotedhimselftohelpingthepoor,他致力于帮助穷人。

(3)喜欢，热爱。如：

Shedevotedherselftotennisinherteens.她在少女时代热衷于网球。

(4).bedevotedtosb(doingsth)

①致力于，献身于。如：

Thestudentsaredevotedtotheirstudies.学生们专心于习。

②喜欢，疼爱。如：

Sheisdevotedtoherchildren.她疼爱她的孩子

2outof+n.短语

outofwork失业

outofcontrol控制不了的

outofdate过时的

outofbreath上气不接下气的

outoftouch失去联系

outofbalance失去平衡

3.“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,…”

seevt.目睹，经历，不用于进行时，主语通常是表示时间、地点的名词/代词。

e.g.Theoldhousehasseentheirhappylife.

这一所老房子见证了他们的幸福生活。

4vote作动词时，意为“投票，选举”

e.g.Whetheryouvotefororagainsttheplandoesn'tseemtomatter

verymuch.

MorethanhalfofthepeoplepresentvotedinfavorofJack.

Aswecan'tagreeonthismatter,lefsvoteonit.

voteagainst投票反对

votefor投票赞成

voteon投票表决

voten.

①表决

e.g.Idoubtifthematterhasbeendecidedbyvote.

②选票，投票

e.g.Therewere16votesinfavorofmysuggestion,and15against.

5attackvt.进攻；攻击；抨击

e.g.Thedogoftengetsangryandwillattackanyonewhogoesclosetoit.

n.攻击，抨击

e.g.Attackisthebestformofdefence.

6equaladj.相等的，平等的，能胜任的

beequaltosth.等于...，能胜任

beequalinsth.在某方面相等

v.等于，和……相等，比得上

n.相等的人，事物，对手

1)I'mnotequaltotheposition.

我不能胜任这个职务。

2)Notallmenareequalinability.

人的能力并不都是一样的。

)Fourplusfourequalseight.四加四等于八

4)Nooneequalshiminstrength.论力气，无人能和他相比。

7turnto在句中的释义。

1)Lefsturnourattentiontothematterathand.专心于

2)Pleaseturntopage25.翻到(书的某页)

3)Whenitfreezes