高中英语Unit3Timeschange教学知识细解码外研版选择性必修第二册外研

Unit3Timeschange1．dustn．尘埃，灰尘→dustyadj.充满尘埃的2．furnishv．部署家具；装备→furnishedadj.配有家具的→furnituren．家具3．leadv．领导，指引→leadern．领袖；领导→leadershipn．领导；领导地位4．competev．竞赛；竞争→competitorn．竞赛者；竞争者→competitionn．竞赛；竞争5．constructvt.建设，修复→constructionn．建设→reconstructv．重修；修复reconstructionn．重修；修复6．socialadj.社会的→societyn．社会→socialistadj.社会主义的7．occupyvt.占有；占据；占用(时间)；忙于→occupation．职业，工作；占有n8．emotionn．情绪；感情→emotionaladj.情绪(上)的；感情(上)的9．intend．意欲；打算→intention．企图vn10．adapt．改编；适应→adaptation．改编vn11．urgev．敦促；敦促；全力主张→urgentadj.紧迫的；急迫的→urgency．紧n急；急迫→urgentlyadv.急迫地12．convincev．说服，使服气→convincedadj.服气的→convincingadj.有说服力的；令人服气的WordsandPhrases知识重点1dropin趁便拜见(教材P26)Thebookstore,whichwasalegendaryfixtureintheneighborhood,wasaplacewhereanyonecoulddropinandconnectthroughtheirloveofbooks.这家信店固定开设在邻近，颇负盛名，是一个任何人都能够由于爱看书而趁便进来并与别人成立优秀关系的地方。[例1]ShespentmostofthedaydroppinginonfriendsinEdinburgh.她一天的大多数时间都用来拜见在爱丁堡的朋友了。[例2]It'simpropertodropinonhimsocasually.这样冒莽撞失掉找他可不好。[造句]在我下班回家的路上，我趁便到我叔叔家去看了看。OnmywayhomefromworkIdroppedinatmyuncle'shouse.[知识拓展]dropinonsb.

趁便拜见某人dropinatsp.

拜见某地dropintoaplace

趁便去一个地方dropout(ofsth.)

退出；辍学[即学即练

]

单句语法填空Onthewaytothesuburbs,wedroppedintoabookstore.HedroppedinonsomeoldcomradesonhisvacationtriptoBeijing.Hewasatschoolattheageof16butdroppedoutayearlater.[小片段填空]Tonydroppedoutandwanderedaroundeveryday.Onedayonhiswayhome,hedroppedinatarestauranttohavelunch.Thenhedroppedinonhisuncle.知识重点2sympathyn．怜悯(教材P)Itriedtothinkofsomewordsofsympathy,butIhadtoadmitthat26theRainbowBookstorecouldn'tstayinbusinessmuchlonger.我试着想一些怜悯的话，但我不得不认可彩虹书店不可以再持续经营下去了。[例1]Iwishhe'dshowmealittlemoresympathy.我多希望他能再谅解我一点。[例2]Mayweofferourdeepestsympathiesonthedeathofyourwife.我们谨对尊夫人逝世表示最深切的慰唁。[造句]对你的难过我表示怜悯。Iwantedtoexpressmysympathiesonyoursufferring.[知识拓展]express/feel/havesympathyforsb.对某人表示怜悯outofsympathyfor

出于对的怜悯havenosympathywith

不一样意(情)insympathywith

支持[即学即练

]

单句语法填空Hedevotedhimselftocharityoutofsympathyforthepoor.Theseamenwentonstrikeinsympathywiththedockers.Hehasnosympathywiththemintheirsuffering.知识重点3furnituren．家具(教材P)Wespenthoursreading,seatedonthestore'soldbutcomfortable26－27furniture.坐在店里老旧而舒坦的家具上，我们花几个小时看书。[例1]Someofthefurnitureinthisoldhousehasbeengnawedawaybyrats.这所老房屋里的一些家具已经被老鼠咬坏了。[例2]Whenshereturned,shefoundMalcolmhadrearrangedallherfurniture.她回家时，发现马尔科姆把她全部的家具都从头摆放了。[造句]搬这些家具费了很大劲。Ittookalotofenergytomovethefurniture.[知识拓展](1)apieceoffurniture

一件家具(2)furnish

vt.

摆设；部署；装饰；供给furnishsth.withsth.furnishsb./sth.withsth.

用来部署＝furnishsth.tosb./sth.

为供给某物befurnishedwith

备有；安装有(3)furnished

adj.

装备家具的[即学即练]

单句语法填空Shefurnishedhimwiththefactssurroundingthecase.Eleanormovedintoasmallfurnished(furnish)apartment.知识重点4forgood永久(教材P27)ItmademerealisethatthebookstoreandallthatOldCaseyhadgiventothecommunitycouldsoondisappearforgood.这让我意识到书店和老凯西以前赐予社区的全部可能很快就会永久消逝。[例1]Afewshotsofthisdrugclearedupthediseaseforgood.注射几次这类药物就消除了这类疾病。[例2]Keeganannouncedhewashanginguphisbootsforgood.基冈宣告自己将挂靴，永久退出足坛。[造句]要不断地提示自己，这不会永久长存的。Justkeeptellingyourselfthatitwon'tlastforgood.[知识拓展]dogoodtosb.

＝dosb.good

对某人有利处Itisnogooddoingsth.

做某事没实用途

/利处begoodfor

对有利asgoodas

和几乎同样[即学即练]

单句语法填空Regularoutdoorexercisedoesgoodtoyourhealth.Itisnogoodtrying(try)thatmethod,becauseitwon'twork.③It

isnotgoodforhimtotakeanywine,buthedrankfartoomuchlast

night.知识重点5

takeover

接收；掌管(教材P27)ThecampaignhadbeenledbyJenniferOakley,asaleswomanwhohadgrownupintheneighborhoodandwhohadnowtakenoverthebookstorefromCasey.这场运动是由詹妮弗·奥克利领导的，她是一位在邻近长大的女售货员，此刻已经从凯西手中接收了书店。[例1]In1966,PastorAlbertztookoverfromhimasgoverningmayor.1966年，帕斯特·艾伯茨接替他担当主管市长。[例2]ShedecidedthatIwastheidealpersontotakeoverthejob.她认定我是接手这份工作的最正确人选。[造句]已经派人来接替他的工作。Anewpersonhasbeenappointedtotakeoverhiswork.[知识拓展]takeup占去(时间/空间)；从事；拿起；改短(衣服)takeoff

脱(衣服)；腾飞；成名takein

吸入；领悟；包括；收容

(某人)takeaway

拿走；把带走；剥夺takeback

回收(说过的话

)takedown

写下；记下takeon

体现；聘用[即学即练

]

单句语法填空Thereportertookdowneverywordofthespeech.Icouldhardlytakeinwhatyousaid.③Thevillagehastakenonanewlookthankstothegoodeconomicpoliciesfromthegovernment.知识重点6

popup

忽然出现，冒出来(教材P27)commentskept

IjoinedCasey,whowaslookingupatthescreenonwhichreaders'poppingup.在书店里我与凯西相见，他在看着屏幕上不断出现的读者议论。[例1]ShewasstartledwhenLisapoppedupatthedoorallsmiles.莉萨忽然笑脸满面地出此刻门口时，她吓了一跳。[例2]Yousolvedoneproblemandanotherwouldimmediatelypopup.你解决完一个问题，另一个问题又会立刻冒出来。[造句]假如鼠标挪动到用户名处，下方将会弹出一张卡片。Ifthemouseismovedtotheuser'sname,acardwillpopupbelowit.[知识拓展

]makeup

填补；构成；假造；构成clearup

清理；整理；转晴；整理dryup

干枯；枯竭；干透；枯瘠turnup

开大；出现；到达；找到goup

上升；上升；建起；增加setup

建立；成立；创办；建立takeup

占去；开始从事；占有；拿起sendup

发射；发出；射出；呈递thinkup

想出；发明；设计出；假造[即学即练

]

单句语法填空①They'regoingtosendupanotherman

-madesatellitenextyear.②Italldependsontheweatherclearingup

．知识重点

7

compete

v．竞赛；竞争(教材

P28)

Traditionalbookstorescan't

competewithlargebookstorechains.传统书店没法与大型连锁书店竞争。[例1]Severalcompaniesarecompetingforthecontract.为获得那项合同，几家企业正在竞争。[例2]He'shopingtocompeteintheLondonmarathon.他期盼着参加伦敦马拉松竞赛。[造句]学校之间不该当互相竞争，也不该当妄图挖走相互的学生。Schoolsshouldnotcompetewitheachotherorattempttopoachpupils.[知识拓展](1)competein参加竞争；参加竞赛competewith/againstsb.insth.在方面与竞争competefor...为而竞赛/竞争(2)competitorn.竞争者；敌手competitionn.竞争competitiveadj.竞争的[即学即练]单句语法填空Theyfoundthemselvescompetingwithforeigncompaniesforashareofthemarket.ThestoreshavetocompeteforcustomersintheChristmasseason.[小片段填空]Manyfirmscompetewitheachotherintheirproducts.Thisfirmhadbetterproductsthanitscompetitors,soitcamefirstinthecompetition.(compete)知识重点8emphasisev．重申(教材P29)Whichofthesentencesemphasisesprocessandwhichemphasisesresult?哪些句子重申过程，哪些重申结果？[例1]Itismoreimportanttoinvolvemorecountriesandsystemsandemphasiseourownform.更重要的是要让更多的国家和系统参加进来，并重申我们自己的形式。[例2]IshouldemphasisethatIammakingassumptionshere.我应当重申的是，我在这里不过假定。[造句]但是，我想重申的主要风险其实不是发生一次严重事件的风险。ThemainriskIwanttoemphasiseis,however,notabigaccident.[知识拓展

]emphasis

n．

重申；重点lay/put/placeemphasison

把重点放在；重申[即学即练

]

单句语法填空Theemphasis(emphasise)isverymuchonlearningthespokenlanguage.Grantputsaspecialemphasisonweatherinhispaintings.SentencePatterns重点句式1where指引定语从句(教材P26)Thebookstore,whichwasalegendaryfixtureinthe

neighbourhood,wasaplacewhereanyonecoulddropinandconnectthroughtheirloveofbooks.这家信店固定开设在邻近，颇负盛名，是一个任何人都能够由于爱看书来而趁便进来，并与别人成立优秀关系的地方。句式剖析：句中

which

指引非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词

the

bookstore

；where

引导定语从句，修饰先行词

aplace

，相当于

atwhich

。[例

1]

Thisisthevillage

whereIwasborn

.这就是我出生的小乡村。[例2]Wehavereachedthepointwhereachangeisneeded.我们已经到了需要改变的地步。[造句]

这是我们以前住过的地方。Thisistheplacewhereweusedtolive.[知识拓展

]当先行词是表示地址的名词时，用关系副词

where

仍是

that/which

指引定语从句，关键要看关系词在定语从句中作何种成分。

若关系词在从句中充任状语，

则用

where

指引；若关系词在从句中充任主语或宾语，则用

which

或

that

指引。[即学即练

]Thisisthehousewherehelivedlastyear.Thisisthehousewhich/thathevisitedlastyear.重点句式2此刻分词作定语(教材P27)Ithadacafésellingorganicfood,andtherewerenowmorecommunityeventssuchas...它有一家卖有机食品的咖啡馆，此刻有更多的社区活动，如句式剖析：句中sellingorganicfood是此刻分词短语作定语，修饰acafé，与acafé之间是主谓关系。[例1]Thebottlecontainingthepoisonwassenttothelaboratory.盛毒药的瓶子被送到实验室。[例2]Thegirlwaitingaletterisourteacher'sdaughter.正在等一封信的那个女孩是我们老师的女儿。[造句]照看孩子的妇女往常按月获得酬劳。Womenlookingaftersmallchildrenusuallygetpaidbythemonth.[知识拓展]此刻分词作定语和所修饰的名词之间是主动关系；过去分词作定语和所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。[即学即练]单句语法填空Thoseelected(elect)ascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.Thepeopleworking(work)withmetreatmeliketheirfriend.Localpeopleinvited(invite)toattendameetingareverypleasedtosharetheirexperiencesofhospitalservices.教材1.Itriedtothinkofsomewordsofsympathy,butIhadtoadmitthattheRainbowBookstorecouldn'tstayinbusinessmuchlonger.2.Abunchofuskidswouldfrequentlydropbythestoreafterschool.

高考(2019·浙江卷)Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.(2019·浙江卷)It'sturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.3.Traditionalbookstorescan't(2019·浙江卷)Aggressivewildfirecontrolcompetechains.

with

large

bookstore

hasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources(资源).Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Japancompetedwithothercountriesforworldmarket.2．Hesuddenlypoppedupoutofnowhere.3．Idroppedinonhimduringmyvisittothecapital.4．It'snogoodtaking(take)overtheexperienceofforeigncountriesuncritically.5．Wasitin1948thattheGovernmenttookovertherailwaysinGreatBritain?6．Thedocumentemphasised(emphasis)theproperuseofboatsinsmalltownsandvillages.7．Iverymuchappreciateyourtryingtofindareasonablefurnished(furnish)roomforme.8．Hebegantofeelsympathyforthisslightlymysteriousman.9．Therewasnoplacewherewecouldtakecoverfromthestorm.10．Doyouknowtheboysitting(sit)ontheright?Ⅱ.短语填空popup；takeover；abunchof；dropin；forgood1．Sorry,wearelate.Wedroppedinatapubontheway!2．Afteraday'sfight,oursoldierssucceededintakingoversomeimportantenemypositions.3．Reportson“cancervillages”have