2008年普通高校专转本统一考试英语

2008年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考大I卷（100分PartIReadingComprehension（共40分Sometimes,peoplesimplydonotrealizetheyarebeingillmannered.TakeTed,forexample.Heprideshimselfonspeakinghismind,andhassomethingtosayoneverything.Buthisfranknessisoftenextremelyembarrassing.Heisincapableofsaying,“Ithoughtthatlastadvertisingnhadalotofgoodideasinit,butperhapsnexttimewecouldgivethecopymorevitality().”Instead,hecouldsay,“Thatnwasadisaster.Achildofthreecouldhavedonebetter!”Thefactthatheisoftenrightdoesnothelp.Otheremployeesdislikehismannerevenmore,heistoosensitivetonotice.Anothercharacteramongthelistofill-manneredemployeesisSally,whoseemstoregardjustbeingatworkasaseverepunishment.Everythingisdoneunwillingly.Askinghertodoataskherbasicjobdescriptionisoftennotworththetrouble.Itwillbedone,buthalf-heartedly.Fergusisjusttheopposite.Heshowsanover-familiaritytohisboss.Whenanimportantvisitorisshownintothemanager’soffice,Ferguscannottakethehintandleave.Insteadhew3illattempttotakepartintheconversation,declaring,“Youcantalkinfontofme.HenryandIdon’thavemanysecrets,dowe?”OvertheyearsPergushasfallenbehindhisformerequals.Butheseekstomaintainthesamecloserelationshipthatheimaginesexistedintheiryoungerdays.WhichofthefollowingwordsdescribesTedA. B. C. Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat iswell-knownforhistendstoblameothersratherthanoftengivestherightideainthewrongistreatedunfairlybytheWhichofthefollowingistrueaboutShethinksit’sunfairtohavesomuchworktoSheisunhappytohelpShehatesbeingorderedShedoeseverythinghalf-Formthepassage,wecaninferthat wasonceclosetoallhishasremainedinthesamepositionfordoesn’tknowwhatahintknowseverythingthathappensintheThewriteristakingthepointofview a B.peoplelikeC.an D.aAlotofrealbusinessesarefocusingontheInternetasawayofbuildingsalesbutsomepeoplewithnothingtosellarecreatingtheirownWebsitestoannounceweddingns,showoffpicturesoftheirkidsorjusthavecommunicationIt’snotashardasyouthinkanditcanbealotoffunCarolMasserhassometipsonbuildingyouownWebsite.Likemylivingroomormystudyit’swhereIputmementos(纪念品),collectibles(收藏物),booksandpaintingsandthingsthatIwouldliketoshowtomyfriendsRenneTubegeihanuseshisownWebsitetoinvitepeopleintohisvirtualhome.WhileJohnMarashoddesignedhisownWebsitetoattractotherparentsofdisabledchildren.“I’dsaythegoalofthissiteistobasicallylinkparentsinthesamesituationwithdisabledchildrenandexchangeideaswithoneRenneandJohnarepartofagrowingnumberofsurferswhohaveestablishedtheirownWebsite.IfyouwanttoweaveaWebyourself,it’seasierthanyouthink.ThefirststepistogetyourownWebaddress.They’resoldbyWebserviceproviderslike,AT&T,andotherlocalcompanies.Youareexpectedtopaybetween15and25dollarseverymonthtorentspaceforyoursite.Butsomecompanies,likeTripodandGeocities,issuethesiteforifyouagreetoallowtheiradvertisingonyourpage.BeforeyougetintosettingupyourownWebsite,youshouldgoaroundanddosomesurfingandcheckoutothersites.Onceyouknowwhatyouwanttodo,it’stimetobuild.Ifyoujustwantthebasics,youcanuse’sInternetAssistant;orifyouwanttogetalittlefancier,youcanbyaprogramlikeAdobePageMillfor100dollars ’sFrontPageEditorfor150Accordingtothepassage,somepeoplecreatetheirownWebsitesinorder sell alsetupfamilycommunicationswithshowofftheirWeb-sitebuildingWhatisthemaingoalofJohnMarashod’sWebTocontactparentswholiketosharetheirideasonraisingTolinkparentswhoofferservicetodisabledTosendinformationtodisabledTolinkparentswithdisabledchildrensoastocommunicatewitheachSomecompaniesofferWebaddressprovided theiradvertisementsareallowedtobeputontheWebtheWebserviceprovidersagreetoputtheiradvertisementontheirWebandotherserviceproviderspaythemonthlyrent25dollarsareto,AT&TorotherlocalWhatdoyouneedtodoafteryougetyourWebsiteaddressaccordingtotheYouneedtocontacta forYouneedtosurfsomewebsitessoastodecidewhatwillbeincludedinyourWebYouneedtolearnthebasicskillsofcreatingaWebYouneedtobuyasoftwareprogramcalledAdobePageWhatdoestheauthorthinkaboutcreatingone’sownWebIt’svery B.It’sexpensivebyAmericanC.It’smucheasierthanwe D.It’sjusttooMoods,saytheexperts,areemotionsthattendtobecamefixed,influencingone’soutlookforhours,daysorevenweeks.That’sgreatifyourmoodisapleasantone,butaproblemifyouaresad,anxious,angryorsimplelonely.Perhapsthebestwaytodealwithsuchmoodsistotalkthemout:sometimes,though,thereisnoonetolisten.Modernpharmacology(药物学)offersalotoftranquilizers(剂),antidepressantsandanti-anxietydrugs.Whatmanypeopledon’trealize,however,isthatscientistshavediscoveredtheeffectivenessofseveralnon-drugapproachestomakeyoufromanunwantedmood.Thesecanbejustasusefulasdrugs,andhavetheaddedbenefitofbeingnon-poisonous.Sonexttimeyoufeeloutofsorts,don’theadforthedrug-store,trythefollowingapproach.Ofallthemood-alteringself-helptechniques,aerobic(增氧健体的)exerciseseemstobethemostefficientcureforabadmood.“Ifyoucouldkeeptheexercise,you’dbeinhighspirits.”SaysKathrynLance,authorofRunningforHealthandBeauty.Researchershaveexinedbiochemicalandvariousotherchangesthatmakeexercisecomparedfavorablytodrugsasamood-raiserPhysicalexertionsuchashousework,however,doeslittle.Thekeyisaerobicexercise—running,cycling,walking,swimmingorotherrepetitiveandtamedactivitiesthatboosttheheartrate.,increasecirculation(血液循环andimprovethebody’sutilization(利用ofoxygen.Dothemforatleast20minutesasession,threeoffivetimesaWhatidthemainsubjectoftheHowtobeatabadHowtodophysicalHowtotalkbadmoodsHowtogetinvolvedinaerobicItcanbeinferredfromthepassage thebestway eabadmoodistotalktowhenoneisinabadmood,heorshemaynotworkverysomedrugsaremoreeffectivethanphysical canmakeabigprofitifheisinagood“Feeloutofsorts”inthesecondparagraphcouldbebestrecedby putthingsin B.beinbadC.searchfor D.needamood-WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothenghouseworkcanalsohelp ebadAerobicexercisecanmakeyouinhighSwimming,walking,orrunningisanefficientcureforabadTakinganti-anxietydrugsmightdoharmtopeople’sWhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthisAprocedureisexinedanditssignificanceisAproblemispointedoutandsolutionsareTwocontrastingviewsofaproblemareRecentpharmacologicaladvancementsareoutlinedinorderof(非英语类学生必做，英语类学生不做，16—20小题。Theaverage swallowsabouthalf-a-tonoffoodayear—notcountingdrink—andthoughthebodyisremarkablyefficientatextracting摄取justwhatitneedsformthishugemixtureitcanonlyuptoapoint.Ifyougooneatingtoomuchofsomethingsandnotenoughofothers,you’lleventuallygetoutofconditionandyourhealthwillsuffer.Sothinkbeforeyoustarteating.Itmaylookgood.Itmaytastegood.Fine!ButhowmuchgoodisitreallyngWhatyoueatandthewayitaffectsyourbodydependverymuchonthekindsof youareForonethingthegenesyouinheritformyourparentscandeterminehowyourbodymetabolism(新陈代谢)copeswithparticularfoods.Thetendencytoputonweightrathereasily,forexample,oftenrunsinfamilies—whichmeansthattheyhavetotakeparticularcare.Andyourparentsmanyshapeyourfutureinanotherway.Thewayyouarebroughtupshapesbasicattitudestofood—likewhetheryouhaveasweettooth,nibble（吃零食）betweenmealstakebigmountainsoreatchipswitheverything.Eatinghabits,goodorbad,tendtogetpassedon.Andthenthereisyourlifestyle.Howmuchyouspendonfood(timeaswellasmoney),howmuchexerciseyouget—thesecanalterthebalancebetweenfoodandfitness.Andfinally,bothyourageand mayaffectthisbalance.Forexample,you’remorelikelyputonweightasgetolder,especiallyifyou’reaBeforeeatingsomething,weareadvisedto howgooditwill B.whetherwereallyneedC.whywewanttoeatit D.ifwehaveeatentoomuchofit17Wecaninferfromthepassagethat A.inordertokeepfit,weshouldspendaslittletimeandmoneyaspossibleonB.nibblingbetweenmealsisabadhabitthatwillthrowourbodyC.ifothermembersofourfamilygetfatquiteeasily,weprobablywillD.wecaneatasmuchaswewantandleaveittoourbodytoselectwhatitIfwelovesweetthings,it’sprobablydue A.ourbody’s B.ourparent’sC.ourbasic D.thetasteoftheAccordingtothepassage, ismostlikelytoputonAsuccessfulyoungAchildwhoispickyaboutAmanwithagoodAwomanwhohasjustWhatconclusioncanwedrawfromthisPeopleneedastandardtoguidetheirPropereatingisthekeytoone’sWomenshouldpaymoreattentiontowhattheyThebalancebetweenfoodandfitnessishardto(英语类学生必做，非英语类学生不做，16—20小题。Mrs.Psneezesviolently.Mrs.Qsays,“Blessyou!”Mrs.Psays,“Thankyou.”Again,thishardlyseemstobeacaseoflanguagebeingusedtocommunicateideas,butrathertomaintainacomfortablerelationshipbetweenpeople.Itsfunctionistoprovideameansofavoidingasituationwhichbothpartiesmightotherwisefindembarrassing.Nofactualcontentisinvolved.Similarly,theuseofsuchphrasesas“Goodmorning”or“Pleasedtomeetyou”,andritualexchangesabouthealthortheweather,donotcommunicateideasintheusualsense.Sentencesofthiskindareusuallyautomaticallyproduced,andstereotypedinstructure.Theyoftenstatetheobvious(e.g.Lovelyday)orhavenocontentatall(e.g.o).Theycertainlyrequireaspecialkindofexnation,andthisisfoundintheideathatlanguageisherebeingusedforthepurposeofmaintaininggoodrelationshipbetweenpeople.Theanthropologist(人类学家)BronislawMalinowskicreatedthephrase“phaticcommunication”tosignalfriendship—or,atleastlackofhatred.Forsomeonetowithholdthesewhentheyareexpected,bystayingsilent,isasuresignofdistance,alienation(疏远),orevendanger.TheseillustrationsapplytoEnglishandtomanyEuropeanlanguages.Butculturesvarygreatlythetopicswhichtheypermitasphaticcommunication.Theweatherisnotasuniversalaconversation-fillerastheEnglishmightliketothink.Forexample,Rundiwomen(inBurendi,CentralAfrica),upontakingleave,arequiteoftenheardtosay,routinelyandpoliy,“Imustgohomenow,ormyhusbandwillbeatme.”Moreover,phaticcommunicationitselfisfarfromuniversal.Someculturesaylittle,andprefectsilence,asinthecaseofthePaliyansof ,ortheAmericanofWhatisthesubjectoftheLanguageusedtocommunicationDifferencebetweenEnglishoflanguageAspecialsocialfunctionoflanguageInParagraph1,theauthorimplies peopleusuallythinklanguageisonlyusedtocommunicatetheexchangeabouthealthortheweatherisauniversalpeoplewillalwayssaysomethingwhenfacingtheexampleofMrs.PandMrs.OiscommoninallThephrase“stereotypedinstructure”inParagraph2probably sentenceofthiskindhaveavarietyofthiskindofsentencehasnocontentatthestructureofthesethreesentencesisalwayssentenceofthiskindusuallyhaveafixedThephrase“phaticcommunication”inParagraph3canbeexined exchangeofexnationofexchangesaboutheathortheexchangeformaintainingsocialInthelastparagraph,theauthorconcludes theweatherisauniversaltopicforhumanphaticcommunicationdiffersformculturetotheEnglishandpeopleinmayEuropeanscountrieshavecommonlanguageforphaticeveryculturehasitsownwaytocommunicatePartIIVocabularyandStructure（40分Hissalaryasabusdriverismuchhigher thatofa B.thoseofaC.theseofa D.thisofaWhileTimwaswalkinginthestreet,he anoldclassmateofA. B. C. D.up makingthespeechwhenthepeoplestoodupaphasthespeaker B.thespeakerhadC.hadthespeaker D.hadfinishedtheHumanbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearning,whereasthebehaviorofananimaldependsmainly B.C. D.If intakingthisannoyingattitude,we’llhavetoaskyoutoA. B. C. D.Therearenotmanyteacherswhoare oftraditionalmethodsinEnglishA. B. C. D.Pleaseseeto noonecomesinwithoutA. B. C. D.We enoughRussiantobetabletoreadtheA.set B.picked C.taken D.madeOnlythosewho oftheirlaggingbehindaremorelikelytocatchA. B. C. D.Itissuggestedthat inpublicwillnotbe B.wasnotC.notbe D.isnot totheParty’scall,agreatnumberofdoctorsandnurseswenttothefrontlinetofighttheA. B. C. D.Youcouldnotpersuadehimtoaccept makehimseetheimportanceofnomorethanyoucouldB.ifonlyyoucouldC.norcould D.oryoucouldThe20-year-oldtennisy’sdreamis at2008BeijingOlympicGames.A. B. C. D.Britainisproudofhergreatpoets,justsItalyisproudofherpainters,and ofA. B. C. D.Itisnouse lingmetodoit;suggest waystodoA. B. C. D.Onecan’tseewellthroughathrough escopewithout ittoone’sA. B. C. D.childrenhavebeentakenoutofschoolandtaughtbytheirparentsatAnumber B.AgreatdealC.Anamount D.ThenumberThereis canbedoneaboutthe from B.C. D.Thoseofuswhoworkinthecoalmineshould lungscheckedA. B. C. D.Totheirdisappointment,thereareno forthestudentsofClassA. B. C. D.MoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtoearnEnglish, canpartlyexintheboomingoflanguagetrainingcentersin.A. B. C. D.Thehighera airitA.the B.the C.the D.theItisduringhisspare JohnsonhasbeenstudyingacourseinA. B. C. D. ofmodernlifeinbicitiesissoquickthatsomeoldpeoplefeelithardtokeepupwithA. B. C. D.Someteachersdevotetoomuchtimetoheltheirshowerstudents thebrighterA. B. C. D.—HaveyouseenMary—No,IthinkawayonherA.mustB.mayhaveC.musthaveD.mighthaveNoticea ’sreaction stressinthesesituations,andyouwillsoonfindasolutionthisproblem.A. B. C. D.Allthebookscanbeused yourreadingA. B. C.be D.beingShedidnotknowwhethertosellherbooks tokeepthemforkeethemforifsheshouldkeepthemfortobekeptforShewears ringthatherboyfriendgaveherasabirthdaygoldnew B.valuablegoldC.valuablenew D.valuableandTheheadquartersofMr. locatedinTianjin,butnowitisinA. B. C. D.Wedon’tmindabityoubringyourfriendsinforadinner,butitisrathertoomuchwhensixteenpeoplecame fordinner. B.C. D.Ourpointisthatnuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefit harmA.more B.other C.rather D.betterItisgenerallyagreedthattextileindustryused greatlytotheeconomyofourA. B. C. D.moretime,shewouldcertainlyhavedoneitmuch B.TobeC. Thecarwasrunningsofastthatitcrashedintothetruckandthedriverwaskilledthespot.A. B. C. D.Fortunay,the ernmenthastakensomemeasurestobringdowntherateofinflationtoa(an) B.C. D.WhenIsawthemessmypaperwasin,itwasobviousthat was B.wouldhaveC.hadbeen D.hadIam thatthisnwoulddomuchgoodto B.C. D.Hewashotheywouldtakehissuggestion,butforsomereason turnedit B.turneditC.turnedit D.turnedit(非英语类学生必做Aschoolboy’slifeisinpreparationfortherealbattleoflife.Itisalso61ofdifferencesandinterests.Oneofthe62importantpartsofaschoolboy’slifeistoget63knowledgeandgoodmind-trainingashecan.His64businessinschoolistolearn.He65readthebookheis66intheclasses.Hehastodothesettohim.67partthat68aschoolboy’slifeistheschooldiscipline.Atschoolthereare69rules70.Thisstrictdisciplineisvery71forhimwhenhe72thesocietyto73aliving.Itteacheshimsomeverynecessaryvirtuesontheroadtoa74Schoolisceforaschoolboytolearnwhatthesociallifeis75.76intheclassroomandtheyground,hehastocatchupwithhisfellowsandnotmembersofhisfamily.Hecannotbehave77hedoesinhishome.Heisnolongeraspoiledchild,andhisschoolfellowswillnotgive78tohiswished.Hesoongetshiscornersrobbedoffandlearnsthelessonofgive-and-take,goodmanners,andthoughtfor79.Thisis80thewaywhenhehastocarryhimselfin61.A.B.C.D.62.A.B.C.D.63.A.asB.C.asD.64.A.B.C.D.65.A.B.C.D.66.A.B.C.D.67.A.B.C.D.68.A.B.C.consistsD.makes69.A.B.C.D.70.A.B.beingC.D.71.A.B.C.D.72.A.B.C.D.73.A.B.C.D.74.A.B.C.D.75.A.B.C.D.76.A.B.C.D.In77.A.B.C.D.78.A.B.C.D.79.A.B.C.D.80.A.(英语类学生必做B.asC.D.Haveyoueverseenamovieinwhichabuildingwasburneddownorabridgewas61?Haveyouseenafilminwhichatraincrashedorashipsank62theocean?Ifso,you63howthesethingscouldhappenwithout64thepeopleinthefilm. 65knowstheansweristhe“special-effect” .Hehasoneofthemostimportanthobsinthefilm66.Ina67foronemovietherewasabigglassbowlfilled68waterinwhichsmallfishwereswimming.Thedirectorofthemoviewantedthefishtostopswimmingsuddenlyand69theyseemedtostareatanactor.Thenthedirectorwantedthefishtostop70andswimaway.Butfishcan’tbeorderedtodoanything.Itwasquitea71.Thespecialeffects thought72thisproblemforalongtime.The73wasanideaforcontrollingthefishwitha74useofelectricity.First,heappliedelectricity75thefishbowl,causingthefishtobeabsoluystill.Thenherapidlyreducedthe76ofelectricity,allowingthefishtoswimaway.77hegotthehumorouseffectthatthedirectorwanted.78specialeffectsrequiretraining,skill,andexperience.Italsoaddsagreatdeal79theexpenseofproducingthefilm.Ithelpsexin80somanymoviesareexpensivetomake.A. B. C. D.62.A.B.C.D.back63.A.canB.canhaveC.D.mayhave64.A.B.C.D.65.A.B.C.D.66.A.B.C.D.67.A.B.C.D.68.A.B.C.D.69.A.B.C.D.70.A.toB.tostareC.D.staring71.A.B.C.D.72.A.B.C.D.73.A.B.C.D.74.A.B.C.D.75.A.B.C.D.76.A.B.C.D.77.A.B.C.D.78.A.TheB.AllC.MostD.Almost79.A.B.C.D.80.A.B.C.D.II(50分PartIVTranslation(35分Anothercharacteramongthelistofill-manneredemployeesisSally,whoseemstoregardjustbeingatworkasseverepunishment.(PassageOne)…somepeoplewithnothingtosellarecreatingtheirownWebsitestoannounceweddingns,showoffpicturesoftheirkidsorjusthavecommunication.(PassageTwo)Whatmanypeopledon’trealize,however,