（通用版）2023高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit2Healthyeating题型组合课时练新人教版必修3

PAGEPAGE1Unit2HealthyeatingⅠ.阅读理解(2022·太原高三四校联考)Formostcaffeine(咖啡因)consumers，itschiefbenefitisthatithelpsyougetmoredone.Thisiswhatmakesitunusual，saysStephenBraun，authorofBuzz：TheScienceandLoreofAlcoholandCaffeine.“Itsappealisthatithelpsusearnmoremoney，〞headds.“Whatmakesitdifferentfromotherdrugsisthatit'susedasaproductivitytool—notforpleasure.〞Manyofhistory'screativemindshavealsobeenassociatedwithalargeamountofcaffeineconsumption.Accordingtoonebiographer，theFrenchnovelistandplaywrightBalzacdrankasmanyas50cupsofcoffeeaday.“Wereitnotforcoffee，onecouldnotwrite，whichistosayonecouldnotlive，〞heonceinsisted.Forsevenyears，thefilm­makerDavidLynchateatthesameLosAngelesdinereveryday，drinkinguptosevensweetenedcupsofcoffee“withlotsofsugar〞inonesitting，whichhesaidwouldguaranteethat“lotsofideas〞arrived.LudwigvanBeethovenwassaidtohavepainstakinglycountedoutexactly60coffeebeanspercupwhenhebrewed(煮)coffee.PerhapsrecenttalesofcaffeineexcessfeaturedthesingerRobbieWilliams，whoreportedlyconsumed36cupsofblackcoffeeand20cansofRedBulladay.Itistheroutinetaskitself，asmuchasthestimulating(刺激的)effectsofcaffeine，thatmakestheprocesssoimportant，saysMasonCurrey，authorofDailyRituals：HowArtistsWork.“Alotofartistsusetheprocessofmakingcoffeeasagatewaytothecreativeprocess，〞headds.“Youneedtogetintotherightmindsettodothatsortofwork，andthepreparationprocessprovidesafocus.〞Oneproblemwithattemptingtocontrolcaffeine，saysBraun，isthatitaffectseveryonedifferently—itisimpossibletoworkouta“safe〞limitthatworksforeveryone.“Eventually，youhavetobecomeyourownscientist—thereisn'tanalternativetocarefulself­experimentation，〞hesays.【语篇解读】本文讲述了喝咖啡不仅可以帮助人们提神和提高工作效率，而且还可以帮助艺术家们获得灵感。尽管如此，你对咖啡的饮用量还是应该控制在你需要的范围内。1．StephenBraunmainlystressescaffeine's．A．creatingideasB．improvingworkefficiencyC．helpingpeopletorelaxD．stimulatingpeopleB[细节理解题。根据第一段的“ithelpsyougetmoredone〞和第二段中的“Whatmakesitdifferentfromotherdrugsisthatit'susedasaproductivitytool—notforpleasure.〞可知，StephenBraun强调caffeine可以帮助我们提高工作效率。应选B项。]2．Theexamplesofsomefamouspeoplearegiventoshowthat．A．mostartistslikedrinkingcoffeeB．drinkingcoffeehelpsartistsmakemoremoneyC．there'salinkbetweendrinkingcoffeeandcreatingideasD．drinkingcoffeemakesartistsbecomemoresuccessfulC[写作意图题。根据第三段“Manyofhistory'screativemindshavealsobeenassociatedwithalargeamountofcaffeineconsumption.〞和下文对这几位名人的描述可知，他们都通过喝咖啡来获得创意与灵感。应选C项。]3．Whatleadstotheartists'creativeprocessaccordingtoMasonCurrey?A．Gettingagoodmindset.B．Drinkingthecoffee.C．Beinglostinthought.D．Brewingthecoffee.D[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Alotofartistsusetheprocessofmakingcoffeeasagatewaytothecreativeprocess〞可知，MasonCurrey认为正是制作咖啡的过程帮助艺术家进入创作的状态，应选D项。]4．WhatdoesBraunadviseustodointheend?A．Todrinklesscoffee.B．Nevertotakemorecoffeethanyouneed.C．Nevertolimitcaffeineuse.D．Toworkoutasafelevelofcaffeineuse.B[推理判断题。在文章最后一段Braun指出，就咖啡因的食用量而言，我们很难制订出一个适用于所有人的平安标准，最终，每个人都必须成为自己的科学家。其言外之意是喝咖啡的量是因人而异的，应选B项。]Ⅱ.阅读填句(2022·福州高三模拟)Losingweightistough.Formostpeople，itrequiresachangeindiet，achangeinexercisehabits，andachangeinattitude.1.●Sethealthygoals.Ifyou'reoverweightandwanttochangethat，thefirststepisdecidingwhatyourtargetweightis.2.●Startsmall.Makingmajorbehaviormodifications(行为矫正)isn'tsomethingthathappensovernight.3.Committoeating5servingsofvegetablesadayandexercising2daysaweekforthefirstweek，andthenaddalittlemoreeachweek.●Trackyourdietandexercise.Nowit'stimetostartworkingtowardthatgoal.Thebestwaytostickwithyourdietandexerciserulesistotrackit.4.Oryoucandoitintheoldfashionedwayandkeepawrittenfoodandexercisejournal.Findwhatworksforyouandwritedownwhatyou'veaccomplishedeveryday.●5.Everymonthyoushouldtakealookatyourgoalandseewhattypeofprogressyou'vemadetowardaccomplishingit.Ifyou'renotwhereyouwanttobe，makeminoradjustments.Trydoingdifferentexercisesorcuttingbackoncertaintypesoffoodsthatyoumaybeeatingtoomuchof.Losingweightandkeepingitoffisahighlypersonalthing.Findwhatworksforyouandstickwithit.A．Evaluateandadjust.B．Here'showyoucanaccomplishallthethree.C．Youmightaswellstartwithyourownattitude.D．Thereareplentyofappsthatallowyoutodothis.E．Whatstepsareyougoingtotaketoachieveyourgoal.F．Sostartwith1－2thingsperweekandworkupfromthere.G．Writedownyourgoalandsetadatebywhichyouwanttoaccomplishthatgoal.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。减肥需要改变饮食习惯、锻炼习惯以及态度，本文从四个方面介绍了如何实现这三个改变，从而成功减肥。1．B[根据空处的上句“Formostpeople，itrequiresachangeindiet，achangeinexercisehabits，andachangeinattitude.〞可知，减肥需要改变饮食习惯、锻炼习惯以及态度；结合下文各段标题可以判断，B项承上启下，应选B项。]2．G[根据该段的标题“Sethealthygoals〞可知，该段主要介绍了设定正常合理的目标；据此可知G项符合文意。]3．F[根据该段标题“Startsmall〞可知，该段主要介绍从小处起步；结合空处的下句可知，该句介绍了第一周改变的两个习惯，并且每周增加要改变的一些习惯；据此可以判断F项符合文意。]4．D[根据该段标题“Trackyourdietandexercise〞和空处的下句“Oryoucandoitintheoldfashionedwayandkeepawrittenfoodandexercisejournal〞可知，空处是记录锻炼和饮食数据的新方法，现在有很多应用软件能帮你，故D项正确。]5．A[根据空处的下两句“Everymonthyoushouldtakealookatyourgoalandseewhattypeofprogressyou'vemade...makeminoradjustments.〞可知，该段主要介绍评价和调整自己的减肥行动，故A项正确。]【导学号：30892213】Ⅲ.语法填空(2022·山西省重点中学协作体检测)Thinkfast：Howclosedoyoulivetoyourlocalgrocerystore？Mostofusdon'tknow.Aslongasit'sclosetohome，it'snotaproblem.Butwhenyoudon'thavealocalgrocerystore,oryouhaveonebutit'stoofarawaytogetto1.transportation，figuringouthowyou'llbuyyourgroceries2.(become)abigproblem.Forthepastdecade，Americanshavedriven3.averageof6milesbetweenhomeandtheirclosestgrocerystore.ForruralAmericans，4.____(especial)thoseintheSouth，thetripcanbemuch5.(long)—forexample，inthefoodlandscapeoftheLowerMississippiDelta，you'lllikelyfindonesupermarket6.(serve)a190.5­square­milearea.There，residentscouldexpect7.__(drive)30milesormorefromhometostore.Thisphenomenon8.(call)afooddesert.Thetermdatesbackatleastadecade9.itwasusedtodescribehowurbansupermarketsintheUnitedKingdomwerereceding(退去)intothesuburbs.Butsincetheimbalanceoffood10.(choose)isn'tlimitedtooneregionoftheworld，theexpressionisnowusedtodescribetheoccurrencearoundtheglobe，includingareasofNorthAmerica，LatinAmerica，AsiaandAustralia.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了食物沙漠的概念。1．without[考查介词。根据语境可知，此处指没有交通工具便很难到达杂货店，故填without。]2．becomes/willbecome[考查时态和主谓一致。本文的根本时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；又动词的­ing形式作主语，谓语动词使用单数。此外，这里也可理解为将来的一种情况，从句用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时。]3．an[考查冠词。过去十年里，美国人平均开6英里的车程以往返于家和最近的杂货店。anaverageof“平均〞。]4．especially[考查副词。此处指特别是住在南方的美国乡下人，especially“特别，尤其〞。]5．longer[考查形容词比拟级。根据上下文语境及空前的“much〞可知，此处指美国乡下人，特别是住在南方的美国乡下人去购物的旅途更远，故使用比拟级。]6．serving[考查动词的­ing形式。分析句子结构可知，find为谓语动词，onesupermarket与serve之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处应用动词的­ing形式作后置定语。]7．todrive[考查动词不定式。动词expect后接不定式作宾语。expecttodosth.“期待做某事〞。]8．iscalled[考查时态和语态。这种现象被称为食物沙漠。本文的根本时态为一般现在时，故用一般现在时；又Thisphenomenon与call之间是被动关系，故使用被动语态。]9．when[考查关系词。adecade为先行词，表示时间，后面是定语从句，句中缺少时间状语，故填when。]10．choice(s)[考查名词。食物选择的不均衡性并不局限在世界某个区域。空前有名词作定语，空处作介词of的宾语，故空处应用名词形式。choice“选择〞既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词，故填choice(s)。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2022·福州高三模拟)HiEva，SorrythatIhaven'tbeeninthetouchforawhile.ButIcatchacoldlastweek，andI'vebeeninbedforfourday.I'mfeelingbettertoday.Luckymyclasseswon'tstarttillnextweek.Ihavegoodnews.I'mgoingtoaconferenceinyoutowninMay，from16thto20th.Couldyourecommendahotelwhereisinthecentreofthetown？Itneedstobe