高考总复习英语教师用书选修65UNIT5THEPOWEROFNATURE

话题：自然(Nature)1.stormn． 暴风雨2.powerfuladj. 强大的3.typhoonn. 台风4.rescuev. 援救；营救adj. 自然的adj. 野生的；荒凉的v. 减少8.tsunamin. 海啸9.victimn. 灾民n. 沙尘暴11.getinvolvedin 涉及12.dieout 灭绝13.disaster-hitarea 灾区etorescue 前来救援15.rescuework 救援工作16.betrappedinruins 被困废墟中17.lieinruins 变为废墟18.economiclosses 经济损失1.Let’sworktogetheranddowhatwecan/doourbesttomaketheearthabetterplacetolivein.让我们一起努力，尽我们所能让地球变成更美好的家园。2.Itseemsthattheyarenotworriedatallaboutthefactthatwildanimalsareendangered.野生动物处于濒危状态，他们似乎一点也不担心。3.We’llhavenowheretoliveinthefutureunlesswetakeactionstoprotecttheearthnow.如果我们现在不采取措施来保护地球，将来我们会无处生存。我们常常说地球是我们的家园，但是现在的地球正面临着巨大的威胁，地球环境正在恶化。假如你是李华，请根据你对现在环境状况的了解用英语写一篇文章。Weoftensaythattheearthisourhomelandandhumansocietycomesfromnature.Therefore，Ithinkoursocietyisapartofnature.Peopleshouldgetalongwellwithnature.Allthematerialsweneedtolivewithcomefromnature，butweshouldalsorepaythenature，ratherthanblindlysolicit.Forexample，weshouldplantmoretreesandtakeactionstoprotecttheenvironment.Inaddition,wehavetocontrolpopulation.Duetoexcessivepopulationgrowth，humanbeingsrequiremuchmorenaturalresourcesthanbefore，whichleadtoexcessivepressureonnature.Inorderforlong-termdevelopment，thepopulationgrowthmustbecontrolled.Weallcomefromnaturewhichisourhomeland，sowemusttryourbesttoprotectit.1．diagramn． 图解；图表；示意图2．volcanon. 火山3．hurricanen. 飓风；风暴4．questionnairen. 问卷；调查表5．databasen. 数据库；资料库6．fountainvi.&vt. 泉水般地喷出或涌出n. 喷泉；源泉7．helmetn. 头盔8．bootn. 靴子9．typhoonn． 台风10．thunderstormn． 雷暴11．novelistn． 小说家12．fogn. 雾13．documentn. 文件；证件14．rainbown. 彩虹15．balconyn. 阳台16．sweatn. 汗vi. 出汗1．wave__n. 波浪；波涛vi. 波动；起伏；挥手2．suitn. 一套外衣；套装vt. 适合；使适宜3．potentialn. 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj. 可能的；潜在的4．candidaten. 候选人；候补者5．preciousadj. 贵重的；珍贵的6．tremblevi. 摇晃；摇动；颤抖7．diverseadj. 多种多样的；不同的8．guaranteevt. 保证；担保9．bathevi. 洗澡；游泳10．shootvt. 射中；射伤1．eruptvi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生→eruptionn．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发2．appointvt.任命；委派→appointmentn．约定；任命3．evaluatevt.评估；评价；估计→evaluationn．评估4．absoluteadj.绝对的；完全的→absolutelyadv.绝对地；完全地5．actualadj.实在的；实际的→actuallyadv.实际地6．unconsciousadj.失去知觉的；未察觉的→consciousadj.(反义词)有知觉的，有意识的7．anxiousadj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiouslyadv.不安地→anxietyn．担心；焦虑；渴望8．panicvi.&vt.惊慌n．惊慌；恐慌→panicked(过去式)→panicked(过去分词)9．appreciationn．欣赏；感激；感谢→appreciatevt.欣赏；感激10．uncomfortableadj.不舒服的；不舒适的→comfortableadj.(反义词)合适的；舒适的→comfortvt.使安慰[用所给词的适当形式填空]1．Hewasappointedasmanagerofthecompany.Buttoeveryone’ssurprise,hedidn’taccepttheappointment．(appoint)2．Hewasanxioustoleaveandhecouldnothideanxiety．(anxious)3．Tompanickedatthesoundofexplosionandhiswifealsogotintoapanic．(panic)1．make__one’s__way 前往2．glance__through 匆匆看一遍3．vary__from...to... 由……到……不等4．give__birth__to 生产；产生5．be__compared__with... 与……相比6．have__a__gift__for 有……的天赋7．be__appointed__as... 被委派为……8．burn__to__the__ground 全部焚毁9．be__about__to__do__sth. 即将做某事； 马上就要做某事10．refer__to 查阅，参考，指的是11．in__(a)__panic 恐慌12．be__anxious__about 担心13．be__home__to 是……的栖息地[选用上面的短语填空]1．Afterwork,Iusuallyglance__throughnewspapers，listentothenewsonradioorwatchTV.2．Attractingseniorcitizens,Floridais__home__tothelargestpopulationofelderAmericans.3．Eventhoughheisalittleboy,hehas__a__gift__forplayingmusicalinstruments.4．Afteradmiringthebeautifulview,shemade__her__waytothenextdestination.5．It’ssaidthatthisbeautifulvillagewasonceburnt__to__the__groundduringthewar.eq\a\vs4\al()“职场”高频动词集锦①appoint 任命②hire 雇用；租用③employ 雇用④interview 面试⑤promote 晋升⑥fire 开除⑦dismiss 解雇⑧resign 辞职⑨retire 退休“适当的”常用词小结①suitable 合适的②fit 合适的③proper 适当的“v.＋through”相关短语面面观①glancethrough 匆匆看一遍②cutthrough 开辟③breakthrough 突破④pullthrough 康复；痊愈⑤passthrough 穿过；通过；经历⑥gothrough 通(穿)过；完成⑦comethrough 经历(疾病等)仍活着；出来；到达⑧lookthrough 浏览；翻阅；仔细查看1．动词-ing形式的完成时态作状语Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation,Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.2．beabouttodo...when...刚要……这时(突然)……Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.3．独立主格结构Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy,butthisbeingmyfirstexperience,Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.4．onlytodo...结果……(出乎意料的结果)Hearingascream,Irusheddownstairsonlytoseemyhostesslyingunconsciousonthefloor,surroundedbyherguests.5．Itis/wassaid/reportedthat...“据说/报道……”，是一个固定句式Itissaidthatthisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.[句式仿写]1．已经意识到保护环境的重要性，全国人民正采取措施减少污染。Having__realized__the__importanceofprotectingtheenvironment,peoplealloverthecountryaretakingmeasurestoreducethepollution.2．当我正要上车的时候我发现有人掏我的钱包。(beaboutto...when...)I__was__about__to__get__on__the__bus__whenIfoundmypocketpickedbysomeone.3．若全面考虑，她的建议比你的建议更有价值。All__things__considered,__hersuggestionisofgreatervaluethanyours.4．我们等了三个小时，结果被告知第二天再来。Wewaitedthreehoursonly__to__be__told__to__come__againthenextday.5．据说，你越是努力，你的成绩就会越好。It’s__said__thattheharderyouwork,thebetterresultyou’llget.appointvt.约定；指定(时间、地点等);任命；委任(天津卷书面表达)Iwasappointedtotakechargeofarrangingalltheactivitiesonthatday.我被指定负责安排那一天的所有活动。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)appointsb.(as/tobe)．.. 任命某人为……appointsb.todosth. 委派某人做某事(2)appointmentn． 任命；约会makeanappointmentwithsb. 与某人约会/预约keep/breakanappointment 守/违约Ihaveatightscheduletoday,solet’sappointanotherdayfortherestofourbusiness.今天我的日程很满，因此我们再约一天来处理其余的事吧。Ifyouwanttoseethedoctor,you’dbettermakeanappointmentwithhiminadvance.如果你想看医生，最好事先跟他预约好。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)Hewas__appointed(appoint)generalmanagerforhisrichexperienceaswellasexcellenteducationalbackground.(2)(北京卷)Ihaveanappointment(appoint)withDr.Smith,butIneedtochangeit.(3)Mypatientdidn’tturnupattheappointedtime；thatis,shebrokeanappointment．(appoint)[能力提升]——一句多译(4)她是这些年来唯一一个被选进董事会的女性。①Sheistheonlyoneofthewomenwho__has__been__appointed__totheboardtheseyears.(定语从句)②Sheistheonlyoneofthewomenappointed__totheboardtheseyears.(非谓语)suitn.一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.如果不方便，请告诉我什么时间最适合你。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)suitone’sneeds 适合某人的需要(2)suitableadj. 适当的；相配的besuitableforsb./sth. 适合于某人/某物besuitabletodosth. 适合做某事Agoodteachersuitshislessonstotheageofhispupils.一个好的老师要使教学内容与其学生的年龄相适应。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)Tostudents,you’dbetterchoosetheactivitieswhichinterestyouandsuit(suitable)you.(2)Suitable(suit)schooluniformscannotonlyshowgooddisciplinebutalsomakeuslookmoreactive.[能力提升]——一句多译(3)首先，因为我英语口语流利，所以我认为我适合这项工作。①Firstly,becausemyspokenEnglishisfluent,IthinkIam__suitable__for__this__job．(suitable)②Firstly,becausemyspokenEnglishisfluent,IthinkIam__fit__for__this__job．(fit)anxiousadj.忧虑的；不安的(2016·北京卷)Anxiousallthetime,Iwasunabletokeepfocusedformorethananhouratatime.我总是紧张，所以我一次集中注意力的时间不到一小时。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)beanxiousfor/about 为……担心/担忧beanxious(forsb.)todosth. 急于(让某人)做某事(2)anxietyn. 担心；焦虑；渴望withanxiety 焦虑地(3)anxiouslyadv. 焦虑地(全国卷书面表达)IwastoldtheLearningCenterprovideshelpforstudentsandI’manxioustogethelpfromyou.别人告诉我辅导中心可以给学生提供帮助，我急于想从您那儿得到一些帮助。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)It’snaturalforparentstobeanxiousabouttheirchildren’sfuture.(2)Ifyouareworriedaboutyourhealth,shareyouranxiety(anxious)withyourdoctor.(3)Hewasmostanxiousto__find(find)ajobsoasnottohavetodependonothers.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级(4)他回家心切，还没放暑假就预订了火车票。①普通表达：Hewas__so__anxious__to__return__home__thathehadbookedatrainticketbeforethesummervacationbegan.(so...that...)②高级表达：So__anxious__was__he__to__return__home__thathehadbookedatrainticketbeforethesummervacationbegan.(倒装句)guaranteevt.保证；担保n．保证；保证书(朗文辞典)Evenifyoucompleteyourtraining,Ican’tguaranteeyouajob.即使你接受完培训，我也不能担保你会有工作。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)guaranteetodosth./that... 保证/担保做某事； 确保……guaranteesb.sth. 保证某人某事(2)giveguarantee(that)．.. 向某人保证……underguarantee 在保修期内Canyougivemeaguaranteethattheworkwillbefinishedontime？你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？[巧学活用]——单句语法填空(1)Theshopsaidtheywouldreplacethetelevisionaslongasitwasstillunderguarantee.(2)Goingoutwithfriendsis__guaranteed(guarantee)tocheeryouup,especiallywhenyouareinlowspirits.(3)Weshouldpayattentiontosmalldetails,whichcanguaranteeusto__succeed(succeed)intheend.makeone’sway前往；成功(经典例句)Whenhearingthebell,theoldmanmadehiswaytothedoor.听到铃声，老人向门口走去。eq\a\vs4\al()fightone’sway 奋力前进loseone’sway 迷路feelone’sway 摸索前进pushone’sway 挤出来；挤着前进windone’sway 蜿蜒前进Look！Manychildrenaremakingtheirwaytothebeach.看！很多孩子正往海滩走去。[巧学活用]——用way的相关短语填空(1)TheGreatWallwinds__its__wayacrossnorthChinalikeahugedragon.(2)Itwassofoggythatwehadtofeel__our__wayhome.(3)Heturnedaroundandhurriedlymade__his__waytotheschool.varyfrom...to...由……到……不等(经典例句)However,viewsonthisissuevaryfrompersontoperson.然而，不同的人对这个问题持不同的观点。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)varyinsth. (大小、形状等)不同，有别varywith... 随……变化/改变varybetween...and... 从……到……转变(2)variousadj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的(3)varietyn. 种种；多样化avarietyof＝varietiesof 种种……AsinChina,theclimateinCanadavariesdependingonthearea.正如中国一样，加拿大的气候也因地而异。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Visittofindvarious(vary)waysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter.(2)Inthebotanicalgardenwecanfindvarieties(vary)ofplantsthatrangefromtalltreestosmallflowers.(3)Thoughonthesamefamily,thebirdvariesinsizeandcolor.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级(4)我非常喜欢读书，尤其是故事书，无论是中文的还是英文的。①一般表达：Ilikereadingverymuch,especiallythestorybooks.Theyvary__from__Chinese__stories__toEnglishstories.②高级表达：Ilikereadingverymuch,especiallythestorybooks,varying__from__Chinese__stories__toEnglishstories.(分词作状语)panicvi.&vt.(使人或动物)受惊；惊慌n.惊慌；恐慌eq\a\vs4\al()(1)odoingsth. 使某人因惊慌而做某事panicover/about/at... 对……感到惊慌(2)getintoapanic 惊慌失措(表动作)inpanic 惊慌失措(表状态)[单句语法填空](1)Shereallygotintoapanicwhenshethoughtshe’dlosthernecklace.(2)Alltheresidentsofthetownpanicked(panic)whentherewasabigfireinthesupermarket.(3)Don’tpanicover/about/atyourexams—Iknowyou—I’msureyou’lldojustfine.(4)Theyranawayinsuchapanicthattheydroppedtheirbagsandshoes.(教材P35)Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy,butthisbeingmyfirstexperience,Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，但我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。eq\a\vs4\al()thisbeingmyfirstexperience是独立主格结构。其主要的构成方式如下：(1)名称或代词主格＋分词(2)名称或代词主格＋不定式(3)名称或代词主格＋形容词(副词、名词、介词短语)Themanagerlooksrelaxed,manythingssettled.许多事情已经处理好了，经理看上去很轻松。Theguideleadingtheway,wehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.向导领着路，我们毫不费力地走出了森林。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)Thetestfinished(finish),we’llhaveoursummerholiday.(2)Somuchworkto__do(do),wehavenotimetoplay.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级(3)他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。①普通表达：Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass.Hiseyeswere__fixed__ontheblackboard.②高级表达：Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,his__eyes__fixed__on__the__blackboard．(独立主格)③高级表达：Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,with__his__eyes__fixed__on__the__blackboard．(with结构)(教材P39)Itissaidthatthisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(Itissaidthat...,Sb./Sth.issaidtodosth.)) 据说……不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。(2)Itisthoughtthat... 人们认为……Itisbelievedthat... 人们相信……Itishopedthat... 人们希望……Itisreportedthat... 据报道……Itissaidthatthenewmayorwillcomeintopowernextmonth.＝Thenewmayorissaidtocomeintopowernextmonth.据说新市长下个月将上任。Itishopedthattheterriblediseasewillsoonbecontrolled.人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)(江西卷)Heisthoughtto__have__acted(act)hehasnoonebuthimselftoblameforlosingthejob.(2)Carbondioxideissaidto__be__heating(heat)theearthtwiceasquicklyaspreviouslyfeared.[能力提升]——一句多译(3)据说前几天她写了一篇关于野生动物保护的报告。①It__is__said__thatshewroteareportaboutwildlifeprotectiontheotherday.②Sheis__said__to__have__written__a__reportaboutwildlifeprotectiontheotherday.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单句语法填空1．Afirebrokeoutinourtownrecentlyandalargefactory____________(burn)totheground.答案：wasburned2．TalkingwithmyfriendsfarawaybyWeChatis____________(absolute)free.答案：absolutely3．Thepopstarwalkedoutofthestage,____________(wave)herhandselegantlytohercrazyfans.答案：waving4．Itisthesecondtimethatthevolcano____________(erupt)inlessthanamonth.答案：haserupted5．Thisstudymaycontributetotreating____________(anxious)andstressbetter.答案：anxiety6．Iwasabouttohandinthepaper____________Ifoundanothermistakeandthencorrecteditcarefully.答案：when7．This____________(be)myfirstperformance,IwassonervousthatIfeltIcouldhardlybreathe.答案：being8．____________(wait)inthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.答案：Havingwaited9．Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,____________(bathe)themountainingoldenlight.答案：bathing10．ChangbaishanisChina’slargestnaturereserveandishome____________roedeer.答案：toeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)单元语法——v.-ing形式作状语单句语法填空1．Theythankedmeoverandoverandthecashierwasmovedtotears____________(say)therewasanangelinherlinetoday.答案：saying2．Allthepeopleinthevillagemovedaway,____________(leave)itanemptyvillage.答案：leaving3．____________(water)theflowers,hebegantocutthegrass.答案：Havingwatered4．____________(enjoy)thebeautyofnature,weshouldtryourbesttoprotectit.答案：Enjoying5．Theboybroughthisguitartothestage,____________(wear)afashionablehatwhichmadehimseemsomysterious.答案：wearingeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材与语法填空根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I1.____________(appoint)asavolcanologisttwentyyearsjobisexcitingbut(occasional)don’tmindthedangerbecauseIhelpprotectordinarypeoplefromthevoIdoistocollectdatabaseaboutMountKilauea,3.____________activevolcanoincollectedandevaluatedtheinformation,Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.When4.____________(boil)rockeruptsfromavolcanoandcrashesbacktoearth,itcauses5.____________(little)damagethanyoumightreasonis________noonelivesnearthetopofMountKilauea,wheretherocks,thelavacanburyeverythingin7.____________(it)pathunderthemoltenrock.OnceIwasluckyenough8.____________(have)amuchcloserlookatthevolcanothedayafterits(erupt)withtwootherhadtowearprotectivesuitsthatcoveredourwholemadeourwaytheedgeofthecraterandcollectedsomelavaforlaterwasmyfirstexperience.答案：appointedhaveeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)话题知识与写作(Ⅰ)根据提示翻译下列句子。1．我的朋友李华是一个很有潜力的人。(potentialabilities)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Myfriend,LiHua,isapersonwhohaspotentialabilities.2．大学毕业后他被任命为一名消防队员。(appoint...as...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Aftergraduatingfromcollege,hewasappointedasafirefighter.3．一天下班后，他正要去超市购物，这时他发现一间房屋着火了。(breakout)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Onedayafterwork,hewasabouttogoshoppingatthesupermarketwhenhefoundafirebrokeoutinahouse.4．跑到现场，他匆匆地看了一下火情，穿过人群，不惊不慌地冲进燃烧的建筑物里。(glancethrough)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Herushedtothespot,glancedthroughthesituationofthefire,madehiswaythroughthecrowdwithoutpanic,andwentintotheburningbuilding.5．他冒着生命危险救出了被困的五个孩子。(risk)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Riskinghisownlife,hesavedfivechildrentrappedinthefire.6．他的英勇行为受到了同事和领导的表扬。(becauseof)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Becauseofhisheroicbehavior,hewaspraisedbyhiscolleaguesandleader.(Ⅱ)将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Myfriend,LiHua,isapersonwhohaspotentialabilities.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,hewasappointedasafirefighter.Onedayafterwork,hewasabouttogoshoppingatthesupermarketwhenhefoundafirebrokeoutinahouse.Rushingtothespotandglancingthroughthesituationofthefire,hemadehiswaythroughthecrowdwithoutpanic,andwentintotheburningbuilding.Riskinghisownlife,hesavedfivechildrentrappedinthefire.Becauseofhisheroicbehavior,hewaspraisedbyhiscolleaguesandleader.阅读提速练eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)阅读理解A(2017·浙江卷10月)Thereareenergysavingstobemadefromallrecyclablematerials,sometimeshugesavings.Recyclingplasticsandaluminum,forinstance,usesonly5%to10%asmuchenergyasproducingnewplasticorsmelting(提炼)aluminum.Longbeforemostofusevennoticedwhatwenowcall“theenvironment，”BuckminsterFullersaid,“Pollutionisnothingbuttheresourceswearenotharvesting.Weallowthemtobeleftaroundbecausewe’vebeenignorantoftheirvalue.”Totakeoneexample,let’scomparethethrowawayeconomywitharecyclingeconomyaswefeedacatforlife.Sayyourcatweight5kgandeatsonecanoffoodeachday.Eachemptycanofitsfoodweighs40g.Inathrowawayeconomy,youwouldthrowaway5，475cansoverthecat’s15-yearlifetime.That’s219kgofsteel—morethanafifthofatonandmorethan40timesthecat’sweight.Inarecyclingeconomy,wewouldmakeonesetof100canstostartwith,thenreplacethemoverandoveragainwithrecycledcans.Sincealmost3%ofthemetalislostduringreprocessing,we’dhavetomakeanextra10canseachyear.Butinall,only150canswillbeusedupoverthecat’slifetime—andwe’llstillhave100leftoverforthenextcat.Insteadofusingup219kgofsteel,we’veusedonly6kg.Andbecausetheprocessofrecyclingsteelislesspollutingthanmakingnewsteel,we’vealsoachievedthefollowingsignificantsavings:inenergyuse—47%to74%;inairpollution—85%;inwaterpollution—35%;inwateruse—40%.【解题导语】本文首段点明主旨：回收利用可大大节约资源，并引用伟大建筑师富勒的话和养猫喂食的例子肯定循环经济的价值所在。1．WhatdoesBuckminsterFullersayaboutpollution?A．Itisbecomingmoreserious.B．Itdestroystheenvironment.C．Itbenefitstheeconomy.D．Itistheresourcesyettobeused.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的BuckminsterFuller的话：“Pollutionisnothingbuttheresourceswearenotharvesting.Weallowthemtobeleftaroundbecausewe’vebeenignorantoftheirvalue.”可知，他认为污染只不过是我们没有收获的资源。由于我们对它们的价值一无所知，因此让它们白白浪费。故选D。2．Howmanycanswillbeusedupinacat’s15-yearlifetimeinarecyclingeconomy?A．50. B．100.C．150. D．250.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“Butinall,only150canswillbeusedupoverthecat’slifetime”可以推断出，循环经济下，要养活一只存活15年的猫需要用掉150个罐。故选C。3．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Topromotetheideaofrecycling.B．Tointroduceanenvironmentalist.C．Todiscussthecausesofpollution.D．Todefendthethrowawayeconomy.A解析：写作目的题。文章通过养猫喂食的例子，用数字对比了循环经济和一次性经济消耗资源的不同结果，目的是推广回收利用的理念。故选A。BTheworldrecordholderforthenumberofuniversitydegreesisa70-year-oldItalian.BaiettilivesinthetownofVelletrinearRomeandspendshisdayswalkingaroundhissmallhouseandeverymorningasearlyas3o’clock，hepullsouthistextbooksandstartsstudying.Henowholds15bachelorsormaster’sdegreesfromuniversitiesacrossItaly，andisalreadyattemptinghis16th.“Thankstobooks，Ifeelfree，”hetellstheBBCjournalists.“Afterall，thewordssharethesameroot，”hesays，referringtotheItalianwordslibro(book)andlibero(free)．Thecertificatesprovinghistalenthangonthewallsofhisstudy，showingpeoplethathewaswritingnewpagesintheGuinnessBookof2002hegothiseighthdegreeinmotorbeforethathealreadyhaddegreesinsociology，literature，law，politicalscienceandphilosophy，mostfromRome’sfamousLaSapienzaUniversity,oneoftheoldestintheworld.Sincethen，hehasaddedsevenotherdegreestohislist，includingoneincriminology(犯罪学)，oneinmilitarystrategiesandthelatestoneintourisminFebruaryofthesethreewerefromonlineuniversities.“EachtimeIsetmyselfanewchallengetoseehowfarmybodyandmybraincango，”saysMr.Baietti.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。来自意大利的70岁的LucianoBaietti先生是已获得大学学位总数最多的世界纪录保持者。4．Whatcanweknowaboutfromthepassage?A．Hehasawiderangeoflearning.B．Heistheoldestworldrecordholder.C．Hehasgotcrazyaboutgettingdegrees.D．Hegotallhisdegreesbygoingtoschool.A解析：推理判断题。根据第三至五段可以推断LucianoBaietti先生的学习范围非常广泛。awiderangeof意思是“广泛的，多种多样的”，所以选项A正确。5．Whyhastriedtogetsomanydegrees?A．Toshowhistalent.B．Tochallengehimself.C．Tobecomepopular.D．Tobreaktheworldrecord.B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“EachtimeIsetmyselfanewchallengetoseehowfarmybodyandmybraincango”可知选项B正确。6．Wheredoesthispassagemostprobablycomefrom?A．Anewspaper. B．Abiography.C．Atravelmagazine. D．Astorybook.A解析：推理判断题。根据全文尤其是第四段LucianoBaietti先生接受BBC采访的信息可以推断本文应该是一篇新闻报道。所以选项A正确。CCrossingyourlegsisanextremelycommonhabit;mostpeopledon’tevennoticethatthey’redoingitwhentheysitdown.Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonforthisisthatthebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheartandthatcrossingonelegovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyourbloodpressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.Youwon’tfeelanyimmediateeffects,butrepeated,drawn-outincreasesinbloodpressurecancauselong-termhealthissues.So,planningtositforalongperiodoftime?Don’tkeepyourlegscrossed.“Crossingyourlegsatthekneecanalsocausepressureonthemajornerveinyourlegthatpassesjustbelowyourkneeandalongtheoutsideofyourleg，”explainsRichardGraves,amedicalexpert.Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle—whatweknowasthat“pins__and__needles”sensation.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayonlylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntiltheyfeelnumbcancausepermanentnervedamage.Sonexttimeyousitdown,trytogetyourselfinthehabitofsittingwithbothofyourfeetonthefloor.Notonlywillithelpyourpostureandstability,butitwillalsosaveyourhealthinthelongrun.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。所以不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。7．Whatcanwelearnaboutcrossingone’slegs?A．Itisaverybadsocialhabit.B．Itisusuallypracticeddeliberately.C．Itcandoharmtopeople’shealth.D．Itcanmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.”可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故C项正确。8．Accordingtothestudy,sittingwithyourlegscrossedcan________．A．affectyourbloodpressureB．resistgravityeffectivelyC．leadtoheartattackseasilyD．improvethefunctionoflegsA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.”可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故A项正确。9．Inthethirdparagraph“pinsandneedles”probablymeans“________”．A．slightlysharppains B．beingalittletiredC．seriousmuscleinjuries D．beinghighlyflexibleA解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故A项正确。10．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tocomparecommonhabits.B．Togivereaderssomeadvice.C．Toevaluatetheeffectsofanexperiment.D．Tointroduceresearchmethods.B解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿，故B项正确。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)七选五Comingface-to-facewithyourinadequacies(缺点)canbepainful,tosaytheleast.1.________Itevenmakesyouquestionyourself.Yourknee-jerkreactionmaybetogetdefensiveorevendismissthecritiqueentirely.Buthandlingnegativefeedbackwithgracewillnotonlymakeyoulookgracious,butitcouldultimatelyhelpyougrowasaperson.Here’showtodoit.?BeobjectiveaboutthecriticismBeforeyoujumptoconclusionsandbegintochallengetheotherperson’sopinion,takeastepbackandlookatitobjectively.Nexttimeyougetabadreview,don’timmediatelyallowyouremotionstogetthebetterofyou,butrather,takeamomenttoconsiderwhetherthecriticismisatallaccurate.2.________?AvoidunnecessaryconflictIfyoudecidethatthepointisvalid,itmaybehardtotake.Inyourdiscomfort,youmayfeeltheurgetocriticizetheotherpersonangrilyanddefendyourself.3.________?Beopentotheideaofchange4．________Anditmaybebecauseofaconceptcalled“cognitivedissonance”thatcanpreventusfromchangingevenwhenthat’swhatweneedmost.?AskquestionsIfyou’reopentousingthecriticismasaspringboardtoimprovement,youwilllikelyneedmoreinformation.5.________Youremotionswillberunninghigh,andyoumaynotbeparticularlyreceptivetoextrainform