人教版一轮复习课时作业：2WorkingthelandWordWord版含解析

必修④高考英语天天练Unit2Workingtheland【夯实基础】I.单句语法填空1.【2022江苏卷】Withinfiveminutes,weorderedtheonewewere(satisfy)with.2.【2022全国卷Ⅲ】Formanyolderpeople,particularlythoselivingaloneorinthecountry,drivingisimportantforpreservingtheirindependence,givingthemthe(free)togetoutandaboutwithouthavingtorelyonothers.3.【2022浙江卷10月】Janekeptmoving,butthefarthershewalked,the(confuse)shebecame.4.【2022北京卷】Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreedust.5.Ifyoustayunderthestrongsunlightforalongtimewithoutanyprotection,yourskinwillget(sunburn).6.Theprizeprovidedherwithforever(free)tocontinuehergeneticresearchwithoutrepeatedlyaskingforfinancialaid.7．Thetwoscientistsbothmadethesame(discover)independently,atalmostthesametime.8.【2022南昌四校联考】InsomepoorAfricanareas,manychildrendiedof(hungry)everyyear.9．It’s(disturb)thatIcan’tgetalongwellwithmynewneighbor.10.【2022湖南六校联盟高三联考】Ofcourse,(enjoy)anicemealwithfriends,whateverweeat,canalsoimpactourspirits.Beingwithfriendsandfamilyplaysabigpartinexperiencinghappiness.II.完成句子1．他们宁愿尝试后不成功也不愿放弃这个计划。①.(woulddo...ratherthando...)②.(prefertodo...ratherthando...)③.(wouldratherdo...thando...)2．趁着年轻我们应该努力学习，如果不这样的话，迟早我们会后悔的。①Weshouldstudyhardwhileweareyoung.,wewillregretsoonerorlater.②Weshouldstudyhardwhileweareyoung.,wewillregretsoonerorlater.(省略)3．很多人去了纽约，使之成为美国最大的城市。①ManypeoplemovedtoNewYork,inthe(定语从句)②ManypeoplemovedtoNewYork,inthe(分词作状语)4．我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未通过。Weyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.5．当你情绪低落时，如果想一想美好的事情，就会没有烦恼。Whenyouareinabadmood,youwillifyouthinkofsomethingnice.III.课文浓缩根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。YuanLongpingwasbornin1930.1hegraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953,hehasdevotedhislifeto2(find)waystogrowmoreandmorerice.Asayoungman,hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.Atthattime,hungerwas3seriousprobleminmanypartsofthecountryside.YuanLongpingsearched4awaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.In1950,Chinese5couldproduceaboutfifty-sixmilliontonsofrice.Inarecentharvest,however,6twohundredmilliontonsofricewasproduced.These7(increase)harvestsmean822%oftheworld’speoplearefedfromjust7%ofthefarmlandintheworld.YuanLongpingisnowcirculatinghisknowledgeinIndia,Vietnamandmanyother9(little)developedcountriestoincreasetheirriceharvests.Thankstohisresearch,theUN10(have)moretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.

【能力提升】IV.阅读理解A【2022天津卷D】WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman?Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives,hedeterminestowriteabook.Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.ThatformerprisonerwasCervantes,andthebookwasDonQuixote（《堂吉诃德》）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays,whileothersgotoseedlongbefore?We'veallknownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.I'mnottalkingaboutthosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan'tallgetthere.I'mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.Mostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolearn,theopportunitiesareeverywhere.Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.Welearntobearwiththethingswecan'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus-anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm,wecankeeponlearning.Thenwewillknowhowimportantitistohavemeaninginourlife.However,wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegos（自我）,whethertolovedones,tofellowhumans,towork,ortosomemoralconcept.Manyofusequate（视……等同于）“commitment”withsuch“caring”occupationsasteachingandnursing.Butdoinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfanadmirablecommitment.Peoplewhoworktowardsuchexcellencewhethertheyaredrivingatruck,orrunningastore-maketheworldbetterjustbybeingthekindofpeopletheyare.They'velearnedlife'smostvaluablelesson.1.ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat_________.A.lossoffreedomstimulatesone'screativityB.ageisnotabarriertoachievingone'sgoalC.miseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfateD.disabilitycannotstopaman'spursuitofsuccess2.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymean?A.Endone'sstruggleforliberty.B.Wasteone'senergytakingrisks.C.Misstheopportunitytosucceed.D.Losetheinteresttocontinuelearning.3.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped.B.Thosewhotendtothinkbackcanhardlygoahead.C.Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.D.Opportunityawaitsthosewithacautiousmind.4.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph5?A.Atoughmancantoleratesuffering.B.Awisemancanlivewithoutself-pity.C.Amanshouldtrytosatisfypeoplearoundhim.D.Amanshouldlearnsuitablewaystodealwithlife.5.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toprovideguidanceonleadingameaningfuladultlife.B.Tostresstheneedofshoulderingresponsibilitiesatwork.C.Tostatetheimportanceofgeneratingmotivationforlearning.D.Tosuggestawayofpursuingexcellenceinourlifelongcareer.B【2022成都第一次诊断】Foodblogs,celebrities,andnutritionistsalladvocatethebenefitsofeatingorganic(有机的)fruitsandvegetables.ButanewstudypublishedinScienceAdvancespaintsamorecomplexpicture.Whileorganicproduceislikelyslightlyhealthiertoeatand,insomeways,moresustainabletogrow,therearealsodownsides.Organicfruitsandvegetablestypicallycostmorethanconventionalones.Togetacertificateasorganic,farmersmustmeetspecificcriteria,includinggrowingproducewithouttheuseofgeneticengineeringandchemicalinputs.Withoutthesemethods,thegrowingprocesstypicallyrequiresmorelabor,time,andmoney,acostthatispasseddowntoconsumers.It'struethatinmanyways,organicfarmingismoresustainablethanconventionalfarming.Butwhenitcomestoenvironmentalconcernssuchasgreenhousegasoutputandwaterloss,thecomparisongetscomplex.Organicfarmsproducelessgreenhousegasoutputperacre.However,becausetheyarebarredfromusinggeneticengineering,pesticides(杀虫剂),andothermethodsthatincreaseefficiency(效率),organicfarmsalsoproduceanestimated19%to25%lessyieldthanconventionalfarms.Whilethereisn'tawholelotofresearchonthetopic,thefewstudiesthatdoexistsuggestgreenhousegasoutputandwaterlossmightactuallybehigheronorganicfarms,onaperunitbasis,saysstudyauthorVerenaSeufert.Inaddition,whileorganicproduceislikelymorenutritiousthanconventionalfruitsandvegetables,there'snotalotofevidencetosupporttheclaimthattheseoftenslightdifferencesinfluenceconsumerhealth.Thesameistrueforthepesticideremainder.Indevelopedcountries,wherepesticideuseistightlyregulated,there'snoscientificconsensusonhowtheseoftenslightdifferencesinfluencehumanhealth.Still,Seufertstressesthatifyoucanaffordtoeatorganicproduce,youshoulddoso.Organicfarmsprovidesaferworkenvironmentsforworkers,plustheysupportgreatbiodiversity.Therealtakeawayfromherstudyisnotthatorganicproduceisbadbutthatthepracticeneedsmorestudiestoincreasetheyieldwithoutloweringsustainability.Butifyoucan'taffordtobuyorganicproduce,don'tstresstoomuch,particularlyfromanutritionalperspective.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downsides”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A．DangersB．Drawbacks.C．Benefits.D．Differences.7．Whichkeyfactormakesithardtocompareorganicfarmingwithconventionalfarmingwhenitcomestoenvironmentalconcerns?A．Theyield.B．Theprice.C．Thewaterloss.D．Thelabor.8．Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A．Farmers'workenvironmentshouldbeimproved.B．Organicproduceshouldbemademoreefficiently.C．Itisn'twiseforconsumerstobuyorganicproducts.D．Thepesticideremainderdonoharmtopeople'shealth.9．Intheauthor'sopinion,whyshouldwesupportorganicproduce?A．It'senvironmentallyfriendly.B．It'smorenutritious.C．Ithelpskeepthevarietyofplants.D．It'ssaferforconsumers.V.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【2022浙江卷】Rockmusicconsistsofmanydifferentstyles.Eventhoughthereisacommonspiritamongallmusicgroups,theymakeverydifferentmusic.1AtthattimetheBeatlesenteredtheworldofmusicfromLiverpool.AftertheyweregivenaninvitationtoappearliveonBBC,theBeatlesquicklybecamefamousinBritainwithnationwidetours.Bymid-1963,theBeatleshadbeenextremelypopularinEngland.2Theyheldlargeconcertsandperformedatclubs.TheybecamethehottestthingonthepopmusicsceneinEngland.Theybeganasamodestlysuccessfulmusiciangroupandendedtheyearasshowbusinesslegends(传说).JohnLennonandPaulMcCartneywerenamedcomposersoftheyear.3TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewtypeofmusic.BeatlemaniahitNewYorkonFebruary7,1964.Hundredsoffansjammedtheairporttogreetthem.4Theconcertwasbroadcastliveandattractedthelargestonenightaudienceinthehistoryoftelevisionuptothattime.TheBeatlesweredescribedasaBritishinvasion(入侵)bylocalandnationwidenewspapersatthattime.TheirvictoryinAmericawasstillrememberedasamajorturningpointinthehistoryofrockandroll.ThankstotheBeatles,alotofopportunitieswereopeneduptonewfacesonthemarket.5A.TheydecidedonatourtotheUnitedStatesin1964.B.Eventheirhairstylesbecamemajortrendsatthattime.C.Rockmusicdevelopedinthe1950sandtheearly1960s.D.However,theirsongschangedthelivesofgenerationstocome.E.ManyrockbandswereabletofollowinthefootstepsoftheBeatles.F.TheyappearedinthefilmsAHardDay'sNight(1964)andHelp!(1965).G.TheyperformedtheirfirstconcertinAmericaatCBStelevision's53rdstreetstudio.VI.语法填空【2022惠州市调研】Longjingtea,1hastoppedthelistofthetenmostfamousteasinChinawithitscolor,tasteandshape,2(name)afteritsproductionregion—LongjingVillageofWestLake.Thegoodenvironmentandwaterresourceshavecontributedmuchtothe3(grow)ofthetea,confirmingthesayingthat“Longjingteaisthe4(good)amongalloftheteasintheworld”．Thanks5theQianlongEmperoroftheQingdynasty,theteahasearnedahighreputation.ThestorywentthattheQianlongEmperorvisitedamountainduringhisHangzhoutravels,andhesawsomeladiespickingtheteaat6footofthemountain.Hewassointerestedintheirmovementsthathedecidedtohaveagohimself.While7(pick)thetea,hereceivedthenewsofhismother'sillness,sohecarelesslyputtheleavesinhisrightsleeveand8(leave)HangzhouforBeijing.Hevisitedhismother9(immediate)uponhisarrivalinBeijing,andhismothersmeltthefragranceofthetealeavesfromhisrightsleeveandwantedtohaveataste.Afterdrinkingacupoftea,shefoundherselfcompletely10(refresh),andsheevenpraiseditasacureforallillnesses.Fromthenon,itwaslistedasthetributetea.答案：I.confusedII.1.①Theywouldtryandfailratherthangiveuptheplan.②Theyprefertotryandfailratherthangiveuptheplan.③Theywouldrathertryandfailthangiveuptheplan.2.①Ifwedon’tstudyhard②Ifnot3.①whichmadeitthelargestcity②makingitthelargestcity4.regrettoinformyouthat5.befreefrom/ofworryIII.3.a10.hasIV.【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.D5.A【语篇解读】本文属于议论文，讲述要成功，就需要不断的学习，这样的生活才会有意义。1题详解】推理判断题。第一段讲述塞万提斯一生不幸，负债累累，因为战争受伤左手残疾，同时还身陷囹圄，在53岁的时候决定写书，最终写出成名作《唐吉柯德》，根据后文可知，所有的困境都没有阻挡他的成功，年龄也是如此，故选B。【2题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段I’mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.故可知，作者谈论的不是那些没有到达巅峰的人，而是谈论那些不再学习成长的人，故可知runoutofsteam可知，停止学习，故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段welosethesenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolearn,theopportunitiesareeverywhere.可知，我们失去了好奇感，但是如果我们愿意学习，机会无处不在，故可知，机会总是留给那些好奇心的人，故选C。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段welearntobearwiththethingswecan’tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus—anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.可知，我们学会承受那些无法改变的事情，学会避免自怜，也学会了无论我们怎么去取悦别人，有些人是无法喜欢我们的，这个观点起初让我们苦恼，但是之后会让我们释怀，故可知，本段作者告诉我们要学会使用恰当的方式来对待生活，故选D。5题详解】主旨大意题。本文讲述要成功，就需要不断的学习，这样的生活才会有意义，故本文作者的目的是为了指导我们过一个有意义的成年人生活，故选A。B【答案】6.B7.A8.B9.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了有机农产品的一些情况，体现了学科核心素养中的“环保意识、健康饮食意识”的文化品格。【6题详解】考查词义猜测和归纳与构建能力。根据第一段最后一句“Whileorganicproduceislikelyslightlyhealthiertoeatand,insomeways,moresustainabletogrow,therearealsodownsides”可知，虽然有机农产品可能稍微健康些，但在某些方面，也有其缺点。再结合语境和下文陈述的有机农产品的缺点可以判断，画线词应指有机农产品不好的一面，B项意为“缺点”，故B项正确。【7题详解】考查细节理解和观察与比较的能力。根据题干关键词“hardtocompare”定位至第三段第二句“Butwhenitcomestoenvironmentalconcernssuchasgreenhousegasoutputandwaterloss,thecomparisongetscomplex”，由此可知，当涉及诸如温室气体排放和水资源损失等环境问题时，比较传统农业和有机农业就困难了；根据第三段其他内容可知，虽然有机农业与传统农业相比更可持续，但因为不能使用基因工程技术、杀虫剂及其他提高效率的方法，有机农业的产量相对低，故产量是使得两者之间的比较变得困难的重要因素。A项意为“产量”，故A项正确。【8题详解】考查推理判断。根据第三段第四句可知，由于禁止使用基因工程技术和杀虫剂等，有机农场的产量估计会比传统农场的产量低19%至25%。据此可以判断，应当提高有机农业的生产效率，故B项正确。第五段的最后一句亦是提示。【9题详解】考查推理判断