TOEFL常见词根词缀(新)

词根词缀前缀：A=放在单词或者词根前，等于negative(否定)=not,withoutamnesty大赦，特赦，amoral非道德的apathy冷漠，漠不关心asymmetry不对称放在单词前，表示“在，的”asleep,asideab，abs-=from,awayfrom,off加在词根前，表示“相反，变坏，离去”abnormal变态的，不正常的abortion流产，堕胎ab-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at-加在同辅音字母的词根前，表示“一再”等加强意。accompany,accomplish,affirm,attractad=to,at,forad-加在单词或词根前，表示“做，加强”adapt使适合，使适应addict使沉溺，使热衷ambi=onbothsides,about,around:ambidextrous两手都很灵巧ambient周围的ambiguous含糊的，不明确的amphi=onbothsides,around:amphibian水路两栖an-在词根前，表示“不，无”:anonymous匿名的，anarchism无君主义ante=before:antecedent在先的antechamber来宾接待室antedate提前的日子anticipate预期anti=against,oppositetoanti-communist反共的Antarctic南极的apo-表示“离开，远离”apogeeauto=selfautobiography自传autocracy专制政治autogamy自体生殖(gamy=marriage)autonomy自治区be-构成动词，表示“使……成为”befall,befriend,behold构成介词，beside,behind,below,before,beneathbene=well,goodbenefaction恩惠benefactor恩人beneficial有益的benign良性的bi=double,twobicameral两院制的bicolored两色的bigamy重婚的bilingual双语的by-“在旁边，副的”:byroad,byway,byworkco-表示“共同”，通常放在元音词根前。coeducation,cohabit,coexist,coincidecircum=around,roundaboutcircumference圆周circumstance环境circulate流通com(con)=together,withcombine联合，结合commingle混合compose组成，构成coeducationcoexist共存cohabitation同居contra=againstcontradict否认，反驳contrary相反contrast对比counterbalance对抗力counterfeit伪造品counter-表示“反对，相反”counteract,counterbalancecol-,cor-在同辅音词根前，表示“共同”:collapse,colleague,collectde=down,downward表示分离的时候（away,from):Deform使残废，使丑陋Derive获得，得来，起源表示否定的时候:Demerit过失，短处表示加强的时候:Demonstrate证明，示范devastate使荒废，毁灭de的另外用法:decode译码deface伤毁deficit赤字deca-=ten:decade十年decagon十角形decimal十进制decimeter分米di-表示“两个，双”:dichromatic,dioxide表示“使…变成，分开，离开”:digestdemi-=half:demigoddi-=double,twice:dilemma进退两难diploma双学位dia-表示“穿过，二者之间”:dialogue,diameterdia-=through,between,acrossdiagnosis=between+knowledge诊断diagonal=through+angle对角线diameter=through+meter直径dif-和辅音重复表示“不，否定，分开”differ,difference,diffidentdis-=除去，剥夺，反对，否定disadvantage不利，缺点，损失disannul取消，废弃disband解散disconsolate哀伤的，忧闷的dismember割断四肢，使四分五裂duo-=two,doubledozen一打，12个duplicate完全相同的，复制的dys-表示“坏，不良”dyspepsia,dyslexia,dysfunctione-,ef-表示“出，出来”:evaluate,elongate,elaborateem-,en-表示“进入…之中，包围”:embrace,embed,empathy表示“使…进入状态”:empower,embitter,embodyepi-表示“在…上，在…周围，在…后面epidermal,epidemic,epigramhypertrophy肥胖，异常发达hypo-=underhypocrisy伪善，矫饰hypotension低血压hypothermia低体温hypothesis假说，假设in-=in,into,oninborn天生的，天赋的incubate=on+lie+ate=孵蛋，孵化，筹划induce=towards+tolead=引诱，说服，招致infect=in+tomake传染inflate=in+toblow使膨胀，使得意，使物价上涨intoxicate=into+poison+ate=使醉，使陶醉，使中毒im-=in,intoimmerge=into+tosink浸，沉入immigrate=into+towander移民emigrate迁居impediment=in+foot+ment妨碍，阻碍impinge=in+tostrike撞击，侵犯implicate=in+tofold牵连，暗示，使纠缠explicate说明，解释i(n)-=negative=notinaccessible不能亲近的，不能得到的inadequate不适当的，不充分的inaudible听不见的indecisive缺乏决心的，优柔寡断的insane疯狂的invaluable无价的，非常珍贵的illegitimate违法的，私生的illiterate未受教育的人，不和逻辑的inter-=between,amongintercept=between+catch中途拦截，截获interlude=between+toplay间奏曲，中间interstellar=between+star星际的intra-,intro-=within,inward(与extra-相反）intraparty党内的intravenous静脉内的，静脉注射的introspect内省introvert使内向，使内省iso-=equalisochronal同一时间的，等时性isotherm等温线isotope同位素macro-=large,longmacrocosm=large+universe大宇宙，总体macroeconomics总体经济学，宏观经济学macrometeorology大气象学macroscopic=large+scop(tolook)+ic(al)肉眼可见的mal(e)-=badly,ill(与bene相反)maladjustment调节不善，适应不应maladminstration经营不善，恶政malediction=badly+tospeak诅咒，诽谤malformation奇形怪状，畸形malignant=bad+toproduce恶性的（benigant良性的）malnourished营养失调的mege=large,millionmegadeath百万人的死亡megalopolitan大都市的megaphone扩音器的，传声筒megaton一百万吨，megavolt百万伏特，megawatt百万瓦特meta-=among,with,after(一般表示变化，主要用在科学用语中)metabolism=after+tothrow+ism新城代谢metagenesis世代交替metaphor隐喻metaphysical形而上学，非物质的metonymy换喻micro-=smallmicrobiology微生物学microeconomics具体经济学，微观经济学microscope显微镜microwave微波milli-=thousand,thousandthmilligram毫克millimeter毫米mis-=wrong,bad,illmisadvise给予错与的劝告misapply误用misapprehend误解，想错misarrange排列错误misconduct行为不检mono-=single,sole,alonemonochrome=single+color单色画，单色的monocracy=alone+rule独裁政治monogamy=alone+marriage一夫一妻制（polygamy一夫多妻制）monolingual=single+language只用一种语言的monotheism=single+god一神论monotonous=single+tone+ous-单调的，无变化的multi-=many,muchmultiform各种形式的，多种的multilingual使用多种语言的multiply增加，繁殖，乘multipurpose多目标的，用途广大的ne-=negative=notnescience无知，不可知论naught=nought=nothingnay=nonull=notanyneo-=newneoclassicism新古典主义neofascism新法西斯主义neoimpressionism新印象主义non-=notnonaggression不侵略，不侵犯noncombustible=not+together+toburn+ible不容易燃烧的nonconformity不顺从，不一致noncooperation不合作nonpartism无党派的，客观的，无偏袒nonverbal不使用文字的，非语文的omni-表示“全部，到处”omnipresent,omnipotent,omniscienceob-=as,towards,at,before,upon,over,about,near,againstobfuscate=over+todarken使暗，使困惑obituary=near+togo+uary形容词词尾讣告，死亡的object=towards,against+tothrow反对，拒绝；物体，目标，对象obstacle=over,against+tostand+cle名词词尾障碍物obtain=near,closeto+tohold在身边occupy=at+toseize占有，占领octa-,octo-=eight,eighthoctagon=eight+angle八角形octahedron=eight+side八面体octopus=eight+foot章鱼octuple=eight+tofold八倍omni-=allomnibus公共汽车omnicompetent=all+competent能干的有全权的omniscient=all+knowing无所不知的omnivorous=all+toeat+ous杂食的out-=out,beyondoutdo凌驾，胜过outgrow生长速度超过的outlaw被放逐的outrival胜过over-=above,across,beyondoveract动作过度overbridge天桥，路桥overcome击败，压倒overcrust以外皮或外壳包裹的overhaul彻底检查，分解检查pan-(to)=allpanacea=all+cure,remedy万灵药pan-American全美洲的panorama全景，全图pantheism泛神论para-=beside,beyond,against,contraryparachute=against+fall降落伞parasol=against+sun阳伞palsy=para-(beside)+lsy(toloosen)使麻痹pen-=almostpeninsula=almost+island半岛penultimate=almost+last倒数第二的penumbra=almost+shadow半影部penta-=fivepentagon=five+angle五角形pentarchy=five+rule五头政治，五国联盟per-=through,thoroughly,awayperform=thoroughly+form(tofurnish)实行，供给perfunctory=away+toperform+ory敷衍的，表面的，草率的permanent=through+toremain+ent永久的，不变的，耐久的，常设的perpendicular=through+toweigh+lar垂直的，直立的persecute=continually+tofollow迫害，困惑，烦恼persevere=through+properlytomaketostand固执，持久peri-=around,roundaboutpericardium=around+card(heart)+-ium心包，心囊perimeter=around+tomeasure周围，周长，周边periphrase=round+tospeak拐弯抹角地说poly-=manypolycentric=many+center多中心的，多元的polygamy=many+marriage一夫多妻polygon=many+angle多角的polytheism=many+god+ism多神论post-=after,behindpostdate=把日期填迟posterity子孙，后裔postscript=after+towrite(p.s.)附笔，后记pre-=beforeprecaution预防preface=before+tospeak作序，写前言，开始preliminary=before+threshold门槛初步，开端prescribe=before+towrite规定，开药方pro-=for,before,forth,forwardproceed=before+togo继续进行，开始procure=for,inbehalfof+cure(totakecareof)取得，获得，说服prominent=forth+tojut突出+ent突出的，显著的pseudo-=falsepseudocarp=false+fruit假果pseudoclassicism=伪古典主意pseudonym=false+name假名，笔名pseudoscience=假科学quadr(i)-=fourquadrilingual=four+language四国语言的quadruple=fourtime+tofold四倍的quasi-=partlyquasi-contract准契约quasi-judicial准司法性的quasi-official半官方的re-=again,backreconcile=again+concile使和谐和解，复交，调停reiterate=again+torepeat反复地说或做，重述remorse=again+tobite悔恨，懊悔retract=back+todraw缩回，放回，撤回retrieve=again+tofind取回，恢复，更正revive=again+tolive苏醒，复活revoke=back+tocall取消，废止，宣告无效retro-=backwardretroact=backward+toact反动，反作用retroflex=backward+tobend反曲的，翻转的retrograde=backward+togo后退，倒退，退化，退步retrospect=backward+tolook回顾se-=away,apartsecede=apart+togo脱离，退出seclude=apart+toshut隔离，使隐居secrete=apart+toseparate分泌semi-=halfsemiannual半年的semicolon分号semiconscious半意识的semifinal半决赛semitropical亚热带的sept-=sevenseptember九月（是罗马日历的七月）septilateral=seven+later(side)七边的step-=orphanedsepbrother异父异母的兄弟stepmother,stepfathersub-=undersubconscious=under+aware潜意识的subdivide=under+todivide再分，细分submarine=under+marine(sea)海下面的，潜水艇，水手submerge=under+todip淹没，埋伏subscribe=under+towrite签名，签署，捐助substitute=under+toplace代替，取代，替换super-=above,oversuperabundant=above+abundant充足的=过多的，过剩的，多余的superficial=above+fici(face)=表面的，表皮的，肤浅的superior较好的，优秀的，占优势的supernatural超自然的，不可思议的surpass=topassover凌驾，超越，胜过syn-=with,togethersynchronism=together+chron(time)+-ism=同时发生的，并发syndrome=together+drome(torun)=综合症状，习性synonym=together+name=同义词synthesis=together+putting=综合，合成symbiosis=together+life+sis共同，共存sympathy=together+feeling同感，共鸣，同情，怜悯symphony=together+sound=交响乐tele-=farofftelecommunication=faroff+together+tomake=远距离通讯telegram=faroff+writing=电报telepathy=faroff+feeling=心心相传trans-=beyond,across,overtransaction=across+todrive+ion办理，处理，交易transfer=across+tocarry调职，移动，让渡transform变形，变质transparent=through+toappeal透明的，明白的traitor=across+togive+or=卖国贼tranquil=beyond+quil(rest)平静的，安静的tri-=three,threefoldtriangle=three+angle三角形tricar三轮汽车trichord=three+string三弦乐器trigonometry=three+angle+measure三角学triunity=three+unity(一体)=三位一体twi-=twotwice二度，二回，二倍twist卷缠，合股线，编织ultra-=beyondultra极端的，过度的ultramodern极现代化的ultrared红外线的ultrasonic=beyond+sound超音波的un-=nounambiguous=not+ambiguous含糊的=明白的unattainable=not+attainable可到达的=难达到的un-=thereversalofanactionunarm=卸除武器，放下武器unburden=解除负担，使轻松unbutton解开纽扣unearth挖掘，掘出，揭发unveil取下面纱，揭露under-=beneathunderage未成年的underdeveloped发展不全的，低度开发的underestimate评价过低的undermine在下面挖掘，破坏基础，在暗中损坏uni-=oneunique唯一的unite单元，联合universal宇宙的，全体的unanimous=one+mind+-ous意见一致的，全体一致的up-=up,aloftuphold举起，支持，鼓励upright正直的，诚实的uprise升起，站起upsurge上升，向上涌vice-=inplaceof副的vice-chancellor大学副校长vice-minister副部长vice-president副总统with-=against,backwithdraw=todrawback取回，撤回withhold=toholdback抑制，拒绝withstand=tostandagainst抵抗，对抗后缀：1,-ability表名词,“能，性质”possibility2,-able表形容词,“可…的”believable3,-aceous,-acious表形容词,“有…特征的”delicious4,-acity表名词,“有…倾向”capacity5,-acy表名词,“性质,状态”privacy6,-age表名词,“状态,总称”,“场所”,“费用”percentage,village,cottage,postage7,-ain表名词“人”captain8,-aire表名词“人”millionaire9,-al表形容词“…的”personal,continental,rural10,-ality表名词“状态,性质”personality,nationality11,-ally表副词“…地”dramatically12,-an表名词和形容词“人”American,Roman13,-ance,ence表名词,“性质,状况”difference14,-ancy表名词“性质,状况”vacancy,redundancy15,-ant,-ent表形容词“…的”distant,different16,-ar表形容词“…的”familiar表名词,“人”liar,beggar17,-ard表名词,“不好的人”bastard,coward,laggard18,-arian表名词,“…的人”vegetarian,19,-ary表形容词,“…的”imaginary,elementary20,-ate表动词,“做,造成”graduate,frustrate21,-atic表形容词,“有…性质”diplomatic22,-ation表名词“行为,过程,结果”election,production23,-ative表形容词“有…倾向”active24,-ator表名词,“做事的人或物”dictator,generator25,-atory表形容词,“有…性质”explanatory26,-cy表名词“性质,状态”privacy27,-dom表名词“状态”freedom28,-ee表名词“被动的或主动的人”employee,examinee29,-eer表名词“人员”engineer30,-el表名词“人或物”novel,channel31,-en表动词“变成”shorten,darken32,-ency表名词“状态,性质”efficiency33,-ent表形容词,“…的”excellent表名词“人”student,resident34,-eous表形容词,“有…的”courteous,35,-er表名词“人”mutter,chatter,waver36,-ern表形容词,“…方向的”eastern,western,southern37,-ery表名词“场所”,“行为”nursery,rosery,robbery,bravery38,-esque表形容词“如…的”picturesque39,-ess表名词“女性”poetess,goddess,actress40,-et,-let表名词,“小东西”circlet,booklet41,-etic表形容词,“属于…的”theoretic,energetic42,-ette表名词,“小的东西或状态”kitchenette43,-ety表名词“状态”anxiety44,-eur表名词“…人”amateur,entrepreneur45,-faction表名词“达到的状态”satisfaction46,-fold表形容词或副词“双重”threefold47,-form表形容词,“有…状态的”uniform48,-ful表形容词,“有…的”beautiful,wonderful表名词“满,量”handful,spoonful49,-hood表名词,“时期,性质”childhood,boyhood50,-ial表形容词“有…的”judicial,beneficial51,-ian表名词“某种人”historian,librarian52,-ibility表名词“具备…性质的”sensibility,possibility53,-ible表形容词“能…的”possible,credible54,-ic表形容词,“…的”scientific,fantastic55,-ics表名词,“学科,学术”physics,mathematics56,-id表形容词,“如…的”valid,humid57,-ific表形容词,“产生…的”scientific,terrific58,-ify表动词,“…化”purify,clarify59,-ile表示形容词“…的”juvenile,fertile表示名词“物体”missile60,-ine表形容词,“…的”,表名词“状态,药物”elephantine,discipline,routine61,-ing表名词,“状态”feeling,learning表形容词“正…的”62,-ion,-tion,-sion表名词“动作或状态”production,union,decision63,-ior,“较…的”superior,junior64,-ious“…的”curious,spacious65,-ise,-ize表动词“…化”memorize,advertise66,-ish表形容词“像…一样”foolish,selfish表动词“造成”67,-ism表名词“…主义,宗教”socialism,capitalism表示”学术或学术流派”modernism68,-ist表名词“表示信仰者,专家或从事人”communist69,-istic表形容词,由ist+ic构成,表示“…的”artistic70,-ite表形容词,“有…的”polite,71,ition表名词,“行为过程,状态”definition,72,-itude表名词,“性质,状态”attitude,73,-ity表名词,指具备某种性质probability74,-ive表形容词,根据不同的单词结尾可分-sive,ative,ive,itivepassive,active,表名词,“人或物”detective,locomotive75,-ization表名词,来自-ize+ation“…化或发展过程”modernization,organization76,-less表形容词,“无…的”helpless,careless77,-like表形容词,“像…一样”dreamlike,childlike78,-ling表名词,“小东西或某种人”duckling,gosling,darlingheadmost,outmost79,-ly表形容词,通常加在名词后timely,lively,friendly表副词,通常放在形容词后greatly,briefly,mainly80,-ment表名词,“行为或结果”movement,agreement81,-most表形容词,“最…的”82,-ness表名词,“性质,状态”kindness,business的”83,-ory表形容词“…的”introductory,表名词,指场所factory,dormitory84,-ous表形容词,“…的”dangerous,lustrous85,-proof表形容词,“防…的”waterproof,rainproof86,-ress表名词“指女性”actress,waitress,87,-ship表名词,“表示某种关系或状态”friendship,hardship88,-some表形容词,“充满…的,具有…倾向的”handsome,89,-th表名词,通常指抽象名词warmth,growth,strengthsinger,leader,writer表动词“反复做”90,-ture表名词,“一般状态,行为”miniature,conjecture,denture,mixture91,-ward表形容词,副词,“向…”downward,upward,northward92,-wise表副词,“方向,状态”clockwise,likewise93,-y表形容词,rainy,windy词根–audi-,-audit-hearauditorium,auditor-chron-,timechronology,chronological-dic-,-dict-say,speakdictator,dictation-graph-,-gram-write,writingtelegraph,telegram-log-,ology-speech,word,studybiology-phon-soundtelephone-scrib-,-script-writedescribe,script-spect-lookatinspect,spectator-vid-,-vis-seevideo,vision–ced-go,move,yieldprecede-duc-leadintroduce-flect-bendreflect,flexible-mit-,-miss-sendremit,missionary-pon-,-pos-put,placepostpone,position-port-carryportable-sequ-,-secut-followconsequence,consecutive-spir-breatheinspiration,conspiracy-tele-fartelegraph,telephone-ven-,-vene-comeconvene,convention-voc-,-vok-callvocal,revoke–anthro-,-anthropo-humananthropology-arch-first,chief,leadermonarch,archbishop-fact-,-fect-make,doaffect,benefactor-gam-marriagemonogamy,polygamous-hetero-different,otherheterosexual,heterogeneous-home-