2021年河南省新乡市高考英语一模试卷

2021年河南省新乡市高考英语一模试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Birdwatchingisawonderfulyear-roundactivity.Itisawonderfulwaytolearnaboutnature

andenjoymanyofthedelightsofnature.Inaddition,itisanactivitythatcanbeenjoyedalmost

anywhereintheworld.HereareafewgreatdestinationsintheUnitedStatesforbirdwatching

loverstovisit.

HakalauForest,Hawaii

ThisbeautifulHawaiianforestontheManuaKeaontheBigIslandisagooddestinationtosee

someofHawaii'suniquebirds.BirdersshouldbesuretolookfortheHawaiianHoneycreeper

（旋蜜雀），aswellas3kindsofHawaiianducksandmore.

RamseyCanyonPreserve,Arizona

SoutheastofTucson,thisisawonderfulplaceforwatchinghummingbirds（蜂鸟）.Birders

canseeupto14kindsofthesefunlittlebirds.Inaddition,aboutother75kindsofbirdscallthe

valleyhome,includingred-facedbirds,andmanyothers.

SanLuisComplex,California

TheplacewithintheSanJoaquinValleyprovidesenoughopportunityforbirderstoenjoy

manyspeciesofCaliforniabirds.BirdersevenhavetheopportunitytoseeAleutianCanada

Geese.Visitorstothisplaceshouldalsokeepaneyeoutforthegroupsoftuleelk（驼鹿）that

calltheareahome.

KlamathBasinComplex,Oregon

ThisOregondestinationisanamazingbirdwatchingplace.Manytypesofgeeseandduckscall

thisplacehome.VisitorstotheplacecanseeSnowGeese,CanadaGeeseandalotofkindsof

animals.

1.WhatkindofbirdscanbeseeninRamseyCanyonPreserve?

A.Hummingbirds.B.CanadaGeese.

C.Honeycreepers.D.TheHawaiianducks.

2.WhatisspecialaboutSanLuisComplex?

A.Manykindsofbirdslivethere.

B.Itisagoodplaceforbirdwatching.

C.Visitorscanseesomegeese.

D.Visitorscanseesomekindofdeer.

3.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Abiologytextbook.B.Atravelmagazine.

C.Aresearchpaper.D.Ahealthmagazine.

B

Rodgerswasbornin1897,inMeridian.Hismotherdiedwhenhewasyoung,andRodgers

spentthenextfewyearswithrelatives.Hethenwenttolivewithhisfatherwhoworkedonthe

OhioRailroadandhadmarriedanewwife.

Byage13,Rodgershadtwiceorganizedtravelingshows.Thefirsttime,heborrowedhis

sister-in-law'sbedsheetstomakeatent.UponhisreturntoMeridian,hepaidforthesheetswith

moneyhehadmadefromhisshow!Andnotlongafterthesecondtrip,hisfatherfoundRodgers

hisfirstrailroadjobasabrakeman.

In1924,Rodgersgottuberculosis（肺结核）.Thediseasetemporarilyendedhisjobbutgave

himthechancetogetbacktohisfirstlove,entertainment.Heorganizedatravelingroadshow

andperformedacrosstheSoutheastuntilahun*icanedestroyedhistent.Hereturnedtorailroad,

workingasabrakeman,buthisillnesseventuallycosthimhisjob.HemovedtoArizona

thinkingthedryclimatemightlessenthedisease.

InApril1927RodgersperformedforthefirsttimeontheAsheville'sradiostation.Months

later,Rodgersrecruitedagroupandtheysecuredaweeklyshowontheradiostationasthe

RodgersEntertainers.Acolumnistsaid,nWhoeverthatfellowis,heeitherisawinnerorheis

goingtobe.nInNovember,Rodgersrecordedfoursongs,BenDewberry'sFinalRun,Mother

WasaLady,AwayoutontheMountainandTfbrTexas.Inthefollowingyears,"TforTexas"

soldnearlyhalfamillioncopies.

In1933,RodgerstraveledtoNewYorkforrecording.Buthistuberculosisworsened.Hehad

torecord,sittingdownandsoonreturnedtohishotel,hopingtoregainenoughenergy.Rodgers

recorded“YearsAgo"byhimself,withjustaguitar.36hoursafterthat,"TheFatherofCountry

Music1'died.

4.Whatcanweknowfromthesecondparagraph?

A.Rodgerswasonceathiefasaboy.

B.Rodgersdidn'tgetalongwithhissister-in-law.

第2页，共21页

C.Rodgerslovedmusicatanearlyage.

D.Rodgers'fatherspoiledhischildrenverymuch.

5.WhichofthefollowingruinedRodgers'sroadshow?

A.Thepolice.B.Theweather.

C.Rodgers'sfather.D.Rodgers'sbrother.

6.WhydidRodgersgotoArizona?

A.Tofindabetterjob.

B.Toreceivebettereducation.

C.Tohopetomakehisdiseaselessserious.

D.Tobreakawayfromhisfather'scontrol.

7.WhatwasRodgers'slastrecordedsong?

A.YearsAgo.B.TforTexas.

C.MotherWasaLady.D.BenDewberry'sFinalRun.

c

U.S.cherries,watermelonsandsomeothersummertimefavoritesmaydependonwildbees

morethanpreviouslythought.

ManyfarmsintheUnitedStatesusemanagedhoneybeestopollinate（授粉）cropsandincrease

thetotalamountofcrops,sometimestruckingbeehives（蜂箱）fromfarmtofarm.Nowan

analysisofsevencropsacrossNorthAmericashowsthatwildbeescanplayaroleincrop

pollinationtoo,evenonconventionalfarmswithmanagedhoneybees.Wildvolunteersaddat

least$1.5billionintotaltotheharvestforsixofthecrops,anewstudyestimates.

"Tome,thebigsurprisewasthatwefoundsomanywildbeeseveninintenseproductionareas

wheremuchoftheproduceintheUSAisgrown,"saysRachaelWintree,apollination

ecologistatRutgersUniversityinNewBrunswick,N.J.

Thatmeansthreatstowildbeescoulddepleteprofitsevenwhenfarmsraisehoneybees,the

researchersreportedonJuly29inProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety.Bothhoneybees,which

aren'tnativetotheUnitedStates,andwildpollinatorssuchasbumblebeesfacedangers

includingpesticides（杀虫剂）.

Toseewhat,ifanything,wildnativebeespeciescontribute,researcherscheckedbeevisitsto

flowersat131commercialfarmfieldsacrosstheUnitedStatesandpartofCanada.Ontheother

hand,theresearchersalsocalculatedtowhatextentthenumberofbeevisitslimitedproduction.

Theseintensivefarmswithplentyoffertilizer,waterandotherresourcesoftenshowedsignsof

reachingapollinatorlimit,meaningfieldsdidn'thaveenoughhoneybeestogetthemaximum

production,andvolunteerwildbeeswereaddingtothetotal.Thentheteamestimatedwhat

percentageoftheproductionnativebeeswereadding-versusjustdoingwhathoneybees

wouldhavedoneanyway.

"Wildbeesdon'tseemtohelpCalifornia'sorchards（果园），butbasedonorchardsinMichigan

andPennsylvania,some$1.06billionofapplesdependsonnativepollinators,"the

researcherssay.Watermelons,particularlyinFlorida,getanestimated$146millionbenefit,

andsweetcherries$145million.

8.Whyarethewildbeesimportanttothecropsaccordingtothetext?

A.Ithelpstopollinateandimprovethecropsoutput.

B.Itishelpfultoraisemanagedhoneybees.

C.Itishelpfultomaintainhealthyecosystem.

D.Ithelpstoprotectnativebeespecies.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"deplete"inparagraph4mean?

A.Pursue.B.Make.C.Keep.D.Reduce.

10.Whydidresearcherscheckbeevisitstoflowers?

A.Toworkoutthenumberofwildnativebees.

B.Tomakeitclearwhyfieldsdon'thaveenoughbees.

C.Toshowhowimportantthemanagedbeesaretointensivefarms.

D.Tofigureoutwhatwildnativebeesbenefitfarmoutput.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Todrawpeople'sattentiontofarmoutput.

B.Todiscusswhybeescanincreasetheharvest.

C.Toshowwildbeesmaycontributetothecropharvest.

D.Tointroducehowhoneybeesandwildbeespollinatecrops.

D

Artificialintelligence（AI）couldsoonhelpscreenforAlzheimer's（阿尔兹海默症）disease

byanalyzingwriting.AteamfromIBMandPfizersaysithastrainedAImodelstospotearly

signsoftheillnessbylookingatlanguagepatternsinwordusage.

Otherresearchershavealreadytrainedvariousmodelstolookforsignsofcognitive

impairments（认矢口损伤）byusingdifferenttypesofdata,suchasbrainscansandclinicaltest

results.Butthelatestworkstandsoutbecauseitusedhistoricalinformationfromthe

第4页，共21页

FraminghamHeartStudy,whichhasbeentrackingthehealthofmorethan14,000peoplefrom

threegenerationssince1948.Ifthenewmodels'abilitytopickuptrendsinsuchdataholdsup

inforward-lookingstudiesofbiggerandmorediversepopulations,researcherssaytheycould

predictthedevelopmentofAlzheimefsdiseaseanumberofyearsbeforesymptomsbecome

severeenoughfortypicaldiagnosticmethodstopickup.Andsuchascreeningtoolwouldnot

requireinvasive（入侵性的）testsorscans.

Researcherspraisethestudyasasolidcontributiontothefieldthatmightdrawmoreattention

andresourcestoAIdetectionofAlzheimer'sdisease.It'soneoftheveryfewworksthatanalyze

thebig-scale,real-lifedatathatwascollectedoveraverylongperiodoftime.

Thenewmodelsmighthavebeenmoreaccurateifitcouldhavecontainedhandwriting.This

abilitycouldprovideadditionalclues.UsingAIspeechanalysistodiagnoseAlzheimer's

diseaseisagrowingareaofresearch,andothersystemshavefocusedondetectingchangesin

audiosamples.Thesecontaincluessuchasspeechpauses,whicharenotfoundinwriting.

Whetherwrittenorspoken,languagesamplesofferarelativelynoninvasivesourceof

informationformonitoringpeoples,cognitivehealth,comparedwithbrainscansandother

laboratorytests.Collectingsuchlanguagedatacouldbedonecheaplyandremotely-though

doingsowouldstillrequirestrictinformedpermissionandprivateinformationsafeguardsfor

theindividualscreatingthesamples.Thisisespeciallytruebecausesomepeoplemaynotwant

toevenknowhowlikelytheyaretodevelopAlzheimer'sdisease.

12.HowcanAIhelpinspottingsignsofAlzheimer'sdisease?

A.Byscanningtheperson'sbrain.

B.Bystudyingtheperson'svariousdata.

C.Byanalyzingtheperson'swordusage.

D.Bytestingtheperson'swritingarticles.

13.What'sspecialabouttheAImodelsfromIBM?

A.Theyarebasedonhistoricaldata.

B.Theydetectearlysignsprecisely.

C.Theyareappliedtoawiderpopulation.

D.Theymakefollow-upstudiesunnecessary.

14.WhatmightbeaconcernabouttheAImodelsfortestedpeople?

A.Sampleanalysis.B.Dataanalysis.

C.Screeningresults.D.Privacyprotection.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Al-awaytofightAlzheimer's

B.Al-atooltodetectAlzheimer's

C.Al-atrendintreatingdiseases

D.Al-amethodforcollectingdata

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

Haveyoueverboughtagiftforafriend,simplybecauseit'sagiftthatyoulikeyourself?(1)

Suchactivityiscalled"socialprojection(投射)"andisthefocusofnewmarketing

research.

Thestudy,UILovetheProduct,butWillYou?TheRoleofInterpersonalAttachmentStylesin

SocialProjection,'1isauthoredbyDavid,anassistantprofessorofmarketing,andpublishedin

Psychology&Marketing.Researchresultsarebasedonthesurveysof1,272people.

Theresearchrevealsthatpeoplewhoare"secure**ininterpersonalsettingsaretheonesmost

likelytoengageinsocialprojection.Conversely(相反),thosewhoare"anxious'1insuch

settingsarelesslikelytoassumethatotherssharetheirownpreferences.(2)

"You'dthinkthatsecurepeoplewhotendtobeolder,inacommittedrelationshipandearna

higher-incomewithlotsoffriendsandhealthypersonalrelationshipswouldhaveabetteridea

ofwhatsomeonewouldlikeasagift.(3)Davidsaid.nThisresearchshowsthat

individualswhoareanxiousininterpersonalsituationsandwhohavefewerclose,personal

relationshipsarebetteratpredictingwhatapersonmaylike."

(4)Anxiousindividuals,onthecontrary,tendtobeyoungerandearnalower

income.Securelyattachedpersons,whoarepeopleexpectingotherswillbeavailableand

supportivewhenneeded,aremorelikelytochooseagiftbasedontheirownpreferences,while

ananxiousonemorelikelytoconsiderwhattherecipients(接收者)maylike.

Giftsshouldbethoughtful.Therefore,securepeopleshouldbemindfuloftheirchoiceofgifts.

Theyneedtotakecautionwhenselectingandbuyinggifts.(5)

A.Butthat*snotthecase.

B.However,anxiousindividualsmaynotalwaysbethebest.

C.Secureindividualstendtobeolderandearnahigherincome.

D.Ifso,it'slikelythatyouprojectedyourownattitudesontoyourfriend.

E.Secureindividualsmakechoicesonbehalfofothersbasedontheirownpreferences.

第6页，共21页

F.Thus,theyarelesslikelytomakechoicesforafriendbasedontheirpersonalattitudes.

G.Preferably,theseindividualsshouldputtheirownpreferencesasidewhenchoosinggifts.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

Lastmonth,!sleptthroughaflightfromLondontoBeijing.Uponwakingup,Iwasshockedto

discoverthatIcouldnolonger(1)myrightarmandfingers.Myarmjustsimplydid

notfollowmybrain's(2),asifitnolonger(3)mybody.

ThedoctorattheSinoJapaneseFriendshipHospital(4)metohavesufferedneural

(神经的)injury.Asidefrom(5)thatIseeaphysiotherapist(理疗师),heonly

toldme,“Restfortwomonthsfirstandcomebackfor(6)check-up.0

Inthatmomentof(7),along-timefamilyfriend,whoisanacupuncturistinSichuan,

(8)tohelp.Istartedmyacupuncture(9)thenextday.Iwasscepticalat

first,butmy(10)wassoonbeatenbytheresults.Afterafewdays,Icouldmovemy

(11).Twoweekslater,Icouldhavemealsusingchopsticks.Afteramonth,myarm

andfingerswerealmostbacktotheir(12)functions.

Inthatclinic,Iheardmanyotherpatients*(13).One11-year-oldboy,whowasborn

with(14)autismC自闭症),wastreatedattheageofthree,andnowhecommunicates

quite(15).Onelady,whosuddenlybecamedeaftwomonthsago,hasjust(16)

herhearing.

I'msurprisedathowthese(17)needlescancuresomanyillnesses,manyofwhich

evenbighospitalswithexpensivemedicaldevices(18)with.Isitmagic?No!But

itistheright(19)oftheChinesetraditionthatbrings(20)andhappiness

tofriendshereandfarther.

21.A.moveB.touchC.understandD.shape

22.A.structuresB.instructionsC.schedulesD.principles

23.A.gotholdofB.appealedtoC.belongedtoD.putupwith

24.A.judgedB.advisedC.forbadeD.requested

25.A.warningB.persuadingC.orderingD.recommending

26.A.happierB.furtherC.simplerD.maturer

27.A.hopelessnessB.eagernessC.hesitationD.preparation

28.A.refusedB.failedC.pretendedD.offered

29.A.punishmentB.researchC.treatmentD.learning

30.A.shockB.worryC.loyaltyD.belief

31.A.legsB.fingersC.kneesD.wrists

32.A.normalB.superiorC.uniqueD.wonderful

33.A.adventuresB.backgroundsC.storiesD.efforts

34.A.widespreadB.steadyC.reasonableD.severe

35.A.silentlyB.carefullyC.smoothlyD.exactly

36.A.influencedB.admittedC.damagedD.recovered

37.A.tinyB.wideC.roughD.soft

38.A.communicateB.competeC.startD.struggle

39.A.directionB.occasionC.wisdomD.comment

40.A.knowledgeB.healthC.experienceD.interest

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.AnanimalthathasnotlivedinAustraliaforover3,000yearsisback.(1)

creatureisTasmaniandevil(袋灌).Conservationgroupsreleased26Tasmaniandevils

inalargenaturalreservenorthofSydney.TheTasmaniandevilisthesizeofasmalldog.

Itfeedsonlargebirdsandhouseholdwaste.It(2)(be)anendangeredspecies

fordecadessince(3)(Australia)wilddogswipedthemoutonthemainland.

Thedevilgetsitsnamefromitshigh-pitchedsoundandthefiercewayin(4)it

fightsforfood.Althoughitsnamesoundsso(5)(scare),expertssayitis

notadangertohumans.

TheconservationgroupAussieArkworkedwithotheranimalprotection(6)

(organization)ontheprojecttoreleasetheTasmaniandevils.Theanimalsareina

naturalreservetohelpkeeptheirchancesof(7)(survive)high.Theyhavebeen

第8页，共21页

lefttofindtheirownfoodandsurvivebythemselveseversince.TimFaulkner,president

ofAussieArk,toldNationalGeographic"Theyarefree.TheyYeoutthere.We'vegotsome

basicmethodsofkeepinganeye(8)them,but(9)(actual),now

it'stimeforthedevilstodowhattheydo."Hewashopefulaboutthefutureofthedevils,

(10)(say),"Thisreleaseofdevilswillbethefirstofmany.Wearetalking

aboutsomethingmonumental,atruelandmarkinhistory."

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(八)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Mostofusfeelnervouslywhenwetakeanimportantexam.Thereisnodoubtwhether

examsareimportant,butit'smoreimportanttohavearightattitude.Asmatterof

fact,examsareonlyameanofevaluating.Therefore,therewasnoneedtoworrytoomuch

abouttheresults.Onlybymakinggoodpreparationsforexamscanweavoidsufferfrom

thepressure.

We'dbettertogooutforawalkanddoingsomeoutdoorexercisebeforeexams.

Besides,havingenoughsleepcanmakeusfullofenergyandmakethempossibleforusto

performwell.Acupofhotmilkbeforegoingtobedmighthelpushaveasoundsleeping.

六、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.0分)

43.假定你是李华，从网上得知你市将举办国际智能机器人展览且正在招募志愿者。请

你用英文写一份申请信，内容包括：

1.表明写信目的及自我介绍：

2.简述个人优势；

3.希望获准。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题1】A【小题2】D【小题3】B

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据RamseyCanyonPreserve,Arizona41"SoutheastofTucson,

thisisawonderfulplaceforwatchinghummingbirds（蜂鸟）.（在图森市的东南部，这是一

个观赏蜂鸟的好地方。）"可知，在RamseyCanyon保护区可以看到蜂鸟。故选A项。

（2）D.细节理解题。根据SanLuisComplex,California41"Visitorstothisplaceshouldalso

keepaneyeoutforthegroupsoftuleelk（驼鹿）thatcalltheareahome.（到这个地方的游客

也应该留意以该地区为家的驼鹿群。）”可知，在SanLuisComplex游客可以看到一些

驼鹿。故选D项。

（3）B.文章出处题。根据第一段中"HereareafewgreatdestinationsintheUnitedStatesfor

birdwatchingloverslovisit.（以下是观鸟爱好者在美国的几个好去处。）"可知,这篇文

章可能摘自一本旅游杂志。A.Abiologytextbook生物教科书；B.Atravelmagazine一本

旅游杂志；C.Aresearchp叩er-一篇研究论文；D.Ahealthmagazine健康杂志。故选B

项。

这是一篇说明文。文章为观鸟爱好者介绍了在美国的几个观鸟好去处。

1.直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原

文信息进行转换。

3.综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章

取义。

4.【答案】

【小题1】B【小题2】B【小题3】C【小题4】A

第10页，共21页

【解析】(1)B.细节理解题。根据原文第二段"Byage13,Rodgershadtwiceorganized

travelingshows.到13岁时，罗杰斯已经组织了两次巡回演出。”可知从第二段我们可知

罗杰斯从小就喜欢音乐。故选B.

(2)B.细节理解题。根据原文第三段"Heorganizedatravelingroadshowandperformed

acrosstheSoutheastuntilahurricanedestroyedhistent.他组织了一次巡回路演，并在东南

部演出，直到一场飓风摧毁了他的帐篷。”可知破坏了罗杰斯的路演的是天气。A.The

police警察；B.Theweather天气；C.Rodgers'sfather罗杰斯的父亲；D.Rodgers'sbrother

罗杰斯的哥哥。故选B.

(3)C.推理判断题。根据原文第三段"HemovedtoArizonathinkingthedryclimatemight

lessenthedisease.他搬到亚利桑那州，认为干燥的气候可能会减轻这种疾病。"可知罗杰

斯去亚利桑那州

希望他的病不那么严重。故选C.

(4)A.细节理解题。根据原文第二段"Rodgersrecorded"YearsAgo"byhimself,withjust

aguitar.36hoursafterthat,"TheFatherofCountryMusic"died.罗杰斯用一把吉他独自录制

了《几年前》。36小时后，”乡村音乐之父"去世。"可知罗杰斯最后录制的歌是《几年

前》。故选A.

本文讲述了乡村音乐之父罗杰斯的简要生平以及他的成就。

1.直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原

文信息进行转换。

3.综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。

8.【答案】

【小题1】A【小题2】D【小题3】D【小题4】C

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段中"NowananalysisofsevencropsacrossNorth

Americashowsthatwildbeescanplayaroleincroppollinationtoo,evenonconventional

farmswithmanagedhoneybees.Wildvolunteersaddatleast$1.5billionintotaltothe

harvestforsixofthecrops,anewstudyestimates.（现在，一项对北美七种作物的分析显

示，野蜜蜂也能在作物授粉中发挥作用，即使是在有管理蜜蜂的传统农场。一项新的研

究估计，它们为六种作物的收成至少增加了15亿美元。）”可知，野蜂对农作物很重要，

因为它有助于授粉和提高作物产量。故选A项。

（2）D.词句猜测题。第二段说一项对北美七种作物的分析显示，野蜜蜂也能在作物授

粉中发挥作用，即使是在有管理蜜蜂的传统农场。一项新的研究估计，它们为六种作物

的收成至少增加了15亿美元，再根据画线词后的"Bothhoneybees,whicharen'tnativeto

theUnitedStates,andwildpollinatorssuchasbumblebeesfacedangersincludingpesticides

（杀虫剂）.“可知，非美国本土的蜜蜂和大黄蜂等野生授粉者都面临着包括杀虫剂在内的

危险，由讲述非美国本土的蜜蜂和野生传粉者面临杀虫剂在内的危险，这种威胁自然会

减少利润，由此可知画线词词义为为"减少，消耗"。A.Pursue追求；B.Make制作；C.Keep

保持；D.Reduce减少。故选D项。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据第五段中"Toseewhat,ifanything,wildnativebeespecies

contribute,researcherscheckedbeevisitstoflowersat131commercialfarmfieldsacrossthe

UnitedStatesandpartofCanada.（为了了解野生本土蜜蜂是否有贡献，研究人员在美国

和加拿大部分地区的131个商业农场中检查了蜜蜂到访花卉的情况。）”可知，研究人

员要检查蜜蜂到访花丛的情况，是想找出野生本地蜜蜂对农场产出有什么好处。故选D

项。

（4）C.目的意图题。根据第二段中"NowananalysisofsevencropsacrossNorthAmerica

showsthatwildbeescanplayaroleincroppollinationtoo,evenonconventionalfarmswith

managedhoneybees.Wildvolunteersaddatleast$1.5billionintotaltotheharvestforsixof

thecrops,anewstudyestimates.（现在，一项对北美7种作物的分析显示，野蜜蜂也能在

作物授粉中发挥作用，即使是在有管理蜜蜂的传统农场。一项新的研究估计，它们为六

种作物的收获至少增加了15亿美元。）可知，文章介绍了研究人员通过研究野蜂对农

作物授粉和提高作物产量方面的信息，试图找出野蜂是否对农作物收成有贡献，因此文

章的目的是展示野蜂可能对农作物收成有贡献。故选C项。

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过研究野蜂对农作物授粉和提高作物产量方面

的信息，试图找出野蜂是否对农作物收成有贡献。

1.直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原

第12页，共21页

文信息进行转换。

3.综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章

取义。

12.【答案】

【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】B【小题4】A

【解析】(1)C.细节理解题。根据原文第一段"bylookingatlanguagepatternsinword

usage.通过观察单词使用中的语言模式来发现疾病的早期迹象。"可知人工智能如何帮助

发现老年痴呆症的迹象通过分析这个人的词语用法。故选C.

(2)B.推理判断题。根据原文第二段"theycouldpredictthedevelopmentofAlzheimer's

diseaseanumberofyearsbeforesymptomsbecomesevereenoughfortypicaldiagnostic

methodstopickup.能够检测出这些数据的趋势，那么他们就可以在症状变得严重到足以

让典型诊断方法检测到之前的几年预测阿尔茨海默病的发展。”可知IBM的人工智能模

型的特别之处是他们能准确地发现早期症状。故选B.

(3)B.细节理解题。根据原文第三段"It'soneoftheveryfewworksthatanalyzethe

big-scale,real-lifedatathatwascollectedoveraverylongperiodoftime.这是为数不多的分

析长期收集的大规模真实数据的作品之一。”可知对于测试人员的人工智能模型，数据

分析是值得关注的。A.Sampleanalysis样品分析；B.Dataanalysis数据分析；

C.Screeningresults筛选结果；D.Privacyprotection隐私保护。故选B.

(4)A.标题归纳题。本文向读者介绍了人工智能(AI)这项新的技术。可以很快通

过分析文字帮助筛查老年痴呆症。IBM和辉瑞的一个团队说，他们已经训练了人工智能

模型，通过观察单词使用中的语言模式来发现疾病的早期迹象。可知适合这篇文章的标

题是人工智能:检测老年痴呆症的工具。故选A.

本文向读者介绍了人工智能(AD这项新的技术。可以很快通过分析文字帮助筛查老年

痴呆症。IBM和辉瑞的一个团队说，他们已经训练了人工智能模型，通过观察单词使用

中的语言模式来发现疾病的早期迹象。

1.直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原

文信息进行转换。

3.综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。

16.【答案】

【小题1】D【小题2】F【小题3】A【小题4】C【小题5】G

【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据上文"Haveyoueverboughtagiftforafriend,simply

becauseit'sagiftthatyoulikeyourself?（你有没有因为喜欢自己而买礼物给朋友？）”以及

下文"Suchactivityiscalled"socialprojection（投身寸）"andisthefocusofnewmarketing

research.（这种活动被称为“社会投射”，是新营销研究的重点。）"可知，此处内容是对

上文这种现象的解说，因此与你把自己的态度投射到朋友身上有关。故选D.

（2）F.推理判断题。根据上文"Conversely（相反）,thosewhoare"anxious"insuchsettings

arelesslikelytoassumethatotherssharetheirownpreferences.（相反，那些在这种环境下

感到"焦虑"的人不太可能认为其他人也有自己的偏好。）"可知，选项F中的”Thus"是上

文"那些在这种环境下感到“焦虑”的人”造成的结果，且代词“they"指的就是"thosewhoare

"anxious"insuchsettings",因此此处内容与他们不太可能依据自己的态度为朋友做选择

有关。故选F.

（3）A.推理判断题。根据上文"You'dthinkthatsecurepeoplewhotendtobeolder,ina

committedrelationshipandearnahigher-incomewithlotsoffriendsandhealthypersonal

relationshipswouldhaveabetterideaofwhatsomeonewouldlikeasagift.（你可能会认为，

安全型的人往往年龄较大，有稳定的关系，收入较高，有很多朋友，人际关系健康，他

们会更清楚别人喜欢什么样的礼物。）"和下文"Thisresearchshowsthatindividualswhoare

anxiousininterpersonalsituationsandwhohavefewerclose,personalrelationshipsarebetter

atpredictingwhatapersonmaylike.（这项研究表明，那些在人际交往中感到焦虑的人以

及那些与人亲密关系较少的人更能预测一个人会喜欢什么。）"形成转折，可知，选项

A中的转折词“But”符合题意，且此处内容与表示事实并非如此有关。故