2019年英语新外研选修七讲义Module1SectionⅣOtherPartsoftheModule

SectionⅣOtherPartsoftheModule[原文呈现][读文清障]DizzyHeightsofSchoolBasketballBasketballisoneofthesafestsports.Unlikewrestling①orboxing②，it'snotusuallydangerous.Onereasonforthisis③thattheplayers'energyispartlydirectedupwards④，ata90­degreeangle⑤totheground,andovertheheadsoftheothers.Sothere'slessriskofacollision⑥betweentwoplayers.Inothersports,suchasbaseballandAmericanfootball,theplayers'energymovesparallel⑦tothegroundandtowardstheiropponents,sotheywearhelmetswhichgiveadequate⑧protectiontotheirheads⑨.Butalthoughbasketballplayerswearsocks⑩andsneakers⑪whicharespeciallydesignedto⑫absorb⑬energywhentheybound⑭intotheair,theywearnootherprotection,justavest⑮andshorts.Ifthereisanabrupt⑯changeofdirectionintheirenergy,fromvertical⑰tohorizontal⑱，suchaswhentheyaccelerate⑲acrossthecourt,bouncing⑳theball,thereisarealdangerofpersonalinjury.①wrestling/'reslIŋ/n.摔跤(运动)②boxing/'bɒksIŋ/n.拳击(运动)③thattheplayers'energy...是表语从句。④upwards/'ʌpwədz/adv.向上地⑤angle/'æŋɡl/n.角，角度⑥collision/kə'lIʒn/n.碰撞⑦parallel/'pærəlel/adj.平行的，并行的⑧adequate/'ædIkwət/adj.适当的，足够的，充分的⑨whichgiveadequate...是定语从句，修饰helmets。⑩sock/sɒk/n.短袜⑪sneaker/'sniːkə/n.胶底运动鞋⑫bedesignedtodo被设计做⑬absorb/əb'zɔːb/v.消减，缓冲⑭bound/baʊnd/v.跳跃⑮vest/vest/n.内衣背心；汗衫⑯abrupt/ə'brʌpt/adj.突出的，出其不意的⑰verticaladj.垂直的⑱horizontal/ˌhɒrI'zɒntl/adj.水平的，与地平线平行的⑲accelerate/ək'seləˌreIt/v.加快，加速⑳bounce/baʊns/v.&n．(使球等)反弹，(使)弹回学校篮球令人眩晕的高度[第1～3段译文]篮球是最安全的体育运动之一。不像摔跤和拳击，通常它是没有危险的。原因之一是球员的力量部分是向上的，与地面形成90度的角，而且在其他人头部的上方。所以两个球员之间碰撞的风险是比较小的。在其他的运动中，比如棒球和美式足球，球员力量的运行方向与地面是平行的，并且朝着他们的对手，所以他们戴着给他们头部充分保护的头盔。但是尽管篮球运动员穿着专门设计的用于缓冲跳跃时能量的短袜和胶底运动鞋，但他们没有其他的保护，只有一件背心和一条短裤。如果他们身体能量的方向有一个突然的改变，从垂直到水平，比如当他们运球加速穿过球场时，造成人身伤害的危险性会很大。Forexample,intheKentStateHighSchoolBasketballtournamenteq\o(○,\s\up1(21))，ChandlerHighwasplayingStMaryCentralandattheintervaleq\o(○,\s\up1(22))thescorewas50－52.ButStMaryhadappointedeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))acaptainwhowasnotatypicaleq\o(○,\s\up1(24))basketballplayer.Whereaseveryoneelsewastallandslimeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))withshorthaircuts,JoeJohannsenwasshortandstouteq\o(○,\s\up1(26))，withlonghairandalargebellyeq\o(○,\s\up1(27)).Buthewasreallyfast,andwhenheobtainedeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))controloftheball,hecouldmakeacircuiteq\o(○,\s\up1(29))ofthecourtandreachtheopposingteam'sboundaryeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))withinseconds.Anyhoweq\o(○,\s\up1(31))，twelveminutesintothesecondhalfeq\o(○,\s\up1(32))，FrankSackler,theChandlerstarplayer,madeacontroversialeq\o(○,\s\up1(33))passeq\o(○,\s\up1(34))overJoe'shead.Joesteppedasideeq\o(○,\s\up1(35))anddippedeq\o(○,\s\up1(36))hisheaddown.Sacklerbouncedoffhimandcommittedeq\o(○,\s\up1(37))afouleq\o(○,\s\up1(38)).Therefereeinterruptedeq\o(○,\s\up1(39))thematch,andtherewasasuspensioneq\o(○,\s\up1(40))ofplay.ButJoewasunhurt,shotthepenaltyeq\o(○,\s\up1(41))，andthescorewas88－90.Therewerethreeminutestogoeq\o(○,\s\up1(42)).eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))tournament/'tʊənəmənt/n.锦标赛，联赛；比赛eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))interval/'Intəvl/n.(球赛的)中场休息eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))appoint/ə'pɔInt/v.任命，委派eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))typical/'tIpIkl/adj.典型的，具有代表性的，独特的eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))slim/slIm/adj.苗条的，修长的eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))stout/staʊt/adj.(躯体)胖的，粗壮的eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))belly/'beli/n.肚子，腹部eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))obtain/əb'teIn/v.获得，得到eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))circuit/'sɜːkIt/n.环形eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))boundary/'baʊndri/n.界限，范围eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))anyhowadv.(用于转换话题)无论如何，反正eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))thesecondhalf下半场eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))controversial/ˌkɒntrə'vɜːʃl/adj.有争议的eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))makea...pass此处指“运球通过”。eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))aside/ə'saId/adv.靠一边，站到一边eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))dip/dIp/v.下降eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))commit/kə'mIt/v.犯(错误，罪行)eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))foul/faʊl/n.(运动比赛中的)犯规动作eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))interruptvt.打断，中止eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))suspension/sə'spenʃn/n.暂停，中止eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))penalty/'penlti/n.(体育比赛中对犯规的)处罚eq\o(○,\s\up1(42))Therebe...togo.还有/还剩下……[第4～5段译文]例如，在肯特州立高中篮球联赛中，查得勒高中和圣·玛丽中心学校比赛，中场休息时比分是50∶52。但是圣·玛丽中心学校任命了一位非典型的篮球运动员担任队长。其他每个人又高又瘦，留着短发，但乔·约翰逊又矮又胖，留着长头发，还是大肚子。可是他确实速度很快，当他得到球的控制权时，他能围着球场跑一圈，且在数秒内到达对方的边界。然而，在下半场进行到12分钟时，弗兰克·赛克勒，查得勒的明星球员，越过乔的头做了一个有争议的运球。乔闪到一边，低下了头。赛克勒跳起来绕过他，犯了规。裁判中断了比赛，球赛暂停。但是乔并没有受伤，他罚了球，比分是88∶90，比赛还剩下3分钟。Joeimmediatelytookpossessionofeq\o(○,\s\up1(43))theballandran,...andsuddenly80kiloseq\o(○,\s\up1(44))hittheChandlerstar,eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))whohowledeq\o(○,\s\up1(46))loudlyinpaineq\o(○,\s\up1(47))andfell，eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))withhisnosebleedingeq\o(○,\s\up1(49))andacutonhisleftcheekeq\o(○,\s\up1(50)).Foramoment,helayverystilleq\o(○,\s\up1(51))，andtherefereeevencheckedhispulseeq\o(○,\s\up1(52))，butsoonconfirmedeq\o(○,\s\up1(53))hewasOK.ButwhenSacklerstooduphewasdizzyeq\o(○,\s\up1(54))，sotheyputabandageeq\o(○,\s\up1(55))roundeq\o(○,\s\up1(56))hishead,ablanketeq\o(○,\s\up1(57))roundhisshoulders,andcalledanambulanceeq\o(○,\s\up1(58))totakehimtothehospital.Joewasaconsiderateeq\o(○,\s\up1(59))guy,andapologisedeq\o(○,\s\up1(60))asSacklerleft,sniffingeq\o(○,\s\up1(61))andweepingeq\o(○,\s\up1(62))，eitherinpainorinfrustrationeq\o(○,\s\up1(63)).Chandlerscoredwitheq\o(○,\s\up1(64))thepenalty,andtheirteamworkeq\o(○,\s\up1(65))hadwonthematch.ButFrankSacklerstillhasthescareq\o(○,\s\up1(66))onhisfaceasasouvenirofthetournament.eq\o(○,\s\up1(43))takepossessionof占有，占据，拥有eq\o(○,\s\up1(44))80kilos此处指Joe的体重。eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰theChandlerstar。eq\o(○,\s\up1(46))howl/'haʊl/v.(因悲伤、疼痛、愤怒而)不停地嚎哭；咆哮eq\o(○,\s\up1(47))inpain痛苦地eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))withhisnose...是伴随状语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(49))bleed/bliːd/v.(尤指因受伤而)流血，出血eq\o(○,\s\up1(50))cheek/tʃiːk/n.脸颊，脸蛋eq\o(○,\s\up1(51))stilladv.静止不动地eq\o(○,\s\up1(52))pulse/pʌls/n.脉搏eq\o(○,\s\up1(53))confirm/kən'fɜːm/v.(尤指通过提供更多证据)证实，进一步确定eq\o(○,\s\up1(54))dizzy/'dIzi/adj.头晕目眩的，眩晕的eq\o(○,\s\up1(55))bandage/'bændIdʒ/n.绷带eq\o(○,\s\up1(56))put...round用……缠住eq\o(○,\s\up1(57))blanket/'blæŋkIt/n.毯子，毛毡eq\o(○,\s\up1(58))ambulance/'æmbjʊləns/n.救护车eq\o(○,\s\up1(59))considerate/kən'sIdrət/adj.体谅的，考虑周到的eq\o(○,\s\up1(60))apologise/ə'pɒləˌdʒaIz/v.道歉，谢罪eq\o(○,\s\up1(61))sniff/snIf/v.(短促有声地)以鼻吸气eq\o(○,\s\up1(62))weep/wIːp/v.哭泣，流泪eq\o(○,\s\up1(63))frustration/frʌ'streIʃn/n.挫折，失望，失意eq\o(○,\s\up1(64))scorewith因……而得分eq\o(○,\s\up1(65))teamwork/'tiːmˌwɜːk/n.合作，协作，配合eq\o(○,\s\up1(66))scar/skaː/n.(伤)疤[第6～7段译文]乔立即抓住球跑起来，……突然他80千克的体重撞到了查得勒的明星球员，这位球员疼得大叫起来，摔倒在地上，他的鼻子流着血，左脸颊上有道伤口。有一段时间，他躺在地上一动不动，裁判甚至检查了他的脉搏，不过很快确定他没事。但是当赛克勒站起来时他感到头晕目眩，所以他们用绷带缠住他的头，用毯子裹住他的双肩，然后叫了辆救护车把他送往医院。乔是一个很体贴的小伙子，在赛克勒离开时他不停地道歉，同时抽泣着，或许因为疼痛，或许因为失意。查得勒因为罚球而得分，他们靠合作赢得了这场比赛。但是弗兰克·赛克勒脸上仍留着疤痕，作为这次联赛的纪念。Step1Readthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.(PassageonP9)1．WhatdoestheheadcoachoftheteamthinkofYaoMing?答案：Heisaselflessandkindperson.2．IfYaoMingwantstobeastar,whatdoeshehavetodo?答案：Hehastobemoreaggressiveandtoberudetohisteammatesifnecessary.3．IsthereanythingYaoMingisnotveryusedto？Whatisit?答案：Yes.Heisnotusedtobeingimpoliteandselfish.Step2Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothepassage.(PassageonP11)1．Basketballisoneofthesafestsportsbecause.A．thedirectionoftheplayers'energymeansthereislesschanceofacollisionB．theplayersarewell­protectedC．theplayersmakeabruptchangesofdirectionD．theplayersaccelerateacrossthecourt,bouncingtheball2．Accordingtothewriter,atypicalbasketballplayerwouldbe.A．abletoaccelerateandbouncetheballatthesametimeB．fastandweighingabout80kilosC．tallandslimD．shortandstout3．Thefoulwascausedby.A．therefereeinterruptingthematchB．SacklerpassingtheballoverJoe'sheadC．JoeloweringhisheadD．SacklerfallingoverJoe4．TherefereethoughtSacklerwasseriouslyinjuredbecause.A．JoeranintohimB．Sackler'snosewasbleedingandhelayverystillC．SacklerwasdizzywhenhestoodupD．theyputabandageroundhishead,ablanketroundhisshoulders,andcalledanambulance答案：1～4ACBBStep3True(T)orFalse(F)．(PassageonP13)1．RugbyiscalledfootballinAmericanow.T2．Therewere20peopleplayingfootballineachteam800yearsago.F3．Ateacher,Naismithcreatedamovement,whichlaterbecamethepopularbasketballgame.T4．WilliamWebbElliswrotetherulesforbaseball.F5．Theexactoriginofbasketballisunknown.F一、这样记单词记得准·写得对记得快·记得多Ⅰ.基础词汇1.instantadj.立刻的2.hitn.热门人物3.nationwideadj.全国各地的4.adequateadj.适当的，足够的，充分的5.acceleratev.加快，加速6.typicaladj.典型的，具有代表性的；独特的7.slimadj.苗条的，修长的8.obtainv.获得，得到9.controversialadj.有争议的10.asideadv.靠一边，站到一边11.bleedv.(尤指因受伤而)流血，出血12.cheekn.脸颊，脸蛋13.commitv.犯(错误，罪行)14.weepv.哭泣，流泪15.teamworkn.合作，协作，配合16.basisn.基础；根据Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.popularityn．流行；普及→popularadj.流行的；普及的2.relyv．信任；信赖→reliableadj.可信赖的；可靠的3.selfishadj.自私的；自私自利的→selfishnessn．自私→selflessadj.无私的4.naturen．性格；本性；天性→naturaladj.自然的；本性的；本质的5.appointv．任命；委派→appointmentn．任命6.confirmv．(尤指通过提供更多证据)证实；进一步确定→confirmationn．证明；证实7.considerateadj.体谅的，考虑周到的→considerv．考虑；认为→considerationn．考虑；斟酌8.apologisev．道歉；谢罪→apologyn．道歉9.frustrationn．挫折，失望，失意→frustratev．使受挫，使失望1.acceleratev．加快，加速[同义]①quickenv．(使)变快，(使)加快②hurryv.匆忙，催促，赶紧③rushv.冲，奔，仓促行事④speedv.加速，急行2.typicaladj.典型的，具有代表性的；独特的[词块]①atypicalcharacter典型人物②betypicalof是……的特点3.obtainv．获得，得到[联想]①acquirevt.获得，学到，取得②attainv.实现，获得，达到③earnv.赚的，赢得，获得④gainv.获得，到达，增加4.controversialadj.有争议的[词块]①becontroversialabout对……有争议②acontroversialissue引起争论的问题5.cheekn．脸颊，脸蛋[联想]checkv.检查，核对6.teamworkn．合作，协作，配合[联想]teammaten.队友7.basisn．基础；根据[同义]①basen.底部，基地，基础②foundationn.根基，基础，建立[联想]①crisisn.危机②thesisn.论文[比较]①base所指的“基础”是具体的②basis所指的“基础”是抽象的8.relyv．信任；信赖[联想]dependvi.依赖，依靠，取决于二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.morethan多于2.relyon依靠；依赖3.allthetime一直4.bringup抚养；培养；教育5.berudeto对……粗鲁6.beusedto习惯于(某事物)7.drawsb.'sattentionto引起某人注意(某事物)8.takepossessionof占有，占据，拥有9.attach...to...把……固定/粘/系在……上10.bebasedon根据，以……为基础1.inthisway用这种方法2.ifnecessary如果有必要的话3.inhisnature他的本性4.aninstanthit立刻走红5.puttheteamfirst把团队放在第一位6.atfirst起初7.ata90­degreeangle成90度的角8.attheinterval在中场休息时9.therewerethreeminutestogo还剩下三分钟10.infrustration失意地三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Todothis,hetoldYaotobemoreaggressiveand,ifnecessary,toberudetohisteammates.要想做到这一点，他告诉姚明要更富有攻击性，如果必要的话，对他的队友粗鲁一些。ifnecessary“如果必要的话”，为省略结构，补充完整应为ifitwasnecessary。Ifnecessary,Icangoshoppingwithyou.如果有必要的话，我可以跟你一起去购物。2.Onereasonforthisisthattheplayers'energyispartlydirectedupwards...原因之一是球员的力量部分是向上的……onereasonfor...isthat...“……的原因之一是……”。Onereasonforhissuccessisthatheworkedhard.他成功的原因之一是他勤奋工作。3....andsuddenly80kiloshittheChandlerstar,whohowledloudlyinpainandfell,withhisnosebleedingandacutonhisleftcheek.……突然他80千克的体重撞到了查得勒的明星球员，这位球员疼得大叫起来，摔倒在地上，他的鼻子流着血，左脸颊上有道伤口。“with＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构，宾语是hisnose和acut,宾补是现在分词bleeding和介词短语onhisleftcheek。Withtimegoingby,herealizedwhatwasthemostimportantinhislife.随着时间的流逝，他才意识到他生命中最重要的东西是什么。1．(教材P8)TheChicagoBullsusedtorelytoomuchonMichaelJordan.芝加哥公牛队过去太依赖迈克尔·乔丹了。relyon信任；依赖；依靠relyon/upon＋sb./sth.(＋for...)指望某人/某物(以获取……)relyon/upon＋(one's)doingsth.相信/指望某人做某事relyon/upon＋sb.＋todosth.相信/指望某人做某事relyon/upon＋itthat...相信……①Theyhavetorelyontheriverfortheirwater.他们只好依靠这条河用水。②Youcanrelyonhimtorespond(respond)toachallenge.你可以相信他知道如何迎接挑战。③Youmayrelyonitthattheworkwillbefinishedaheadoftime.你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。2．(教材P9)WhenhefirstarrivedintheUS,Yaowasaninstanthitamongbasketballfansnationwide.当他第一次到美国时，姚明立刻成了全国篮球迷中的热门人物。instantadj.立刻的；紧急的；(食品)速食的，方便的n.[常sing.]瞬间，刹那foraninstant一会儿，一时instantly/theinstant一……就……①Thefloodvictimswereininstantneedofhelp.洪灾难民急需救助。②Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.他仍举着手站了一会儿。③Theinstanthegottothestation,thetrainleft.他一到车站，火车就离开了。3．(教材P9)I'mnotquiteusedtoityet.我还很不习惯。be/becomeusedto习惯于(某事物)①Iwasn'tusedtocitylife,butnowIhavegotusedtolivinginthiscity.我以前不习惯都市生活，但现在已习惯于住在这个城市了。②Ihavebecomeusedtogetting(get)upearlyinthemorning.我已习惯早起。[名师点津]beusedto短语中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，be可换为get/become，相当于beaccustomedto。[辨析比较]usedto,beusedto,beusedtodousedto意为“过去常常(现在已不再这样了)”，usedtodosth.“过去常常做某事”beusedto意为“习惯于”，to是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词，即beusedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事beusedtodo意为“被用来做……”，是usesth.todo的被动语态，其中不定式表示目的选用上述词语填空I③usedtoplayfootballontheplayground,butnowI④amusedtoreadinginthelibraryandtheknowledgeIgetcan⑤beusedtoequipmyself.4．(教材P9)Ilikethefactthatthearticledrawsattentionto...我喜欢这篇文章让人们注意……drawsb.'sattentionto...引起某人注意(某事物)give/payattentionto注意……，倾听……attract/catchsb.'sattention吸引某人的注意力callsb.'sattention让某人注意……concentrate/fix/focusone'sattentionon专心于bringsth.tosb.'sattention使某人注意某事①Anarticleinthenewspaperdrewmyattention.报纸上的一篇文章引起了我的注意。②Herattentionwasfixedonthecomputeranddidn'tnoticemycoming.她的注意力集中在电脑上，没有注意到我来。③You'rejustlookingfortroubleifyoubringittohisattention.如果让他注意到这件事，你纯粹是自找麻烦。5．(教材P11)Butalthoughbasketballplayerswearsocksandsneakerswhicharespeciallydesignedtoabsorbenergywhentheyboundintotheair,theywearnootherprotection,justavestandshorts.但是尽管篮球运动员穿着专门设计的用于缓冲跳跃时能量的短袜和胶底运动鞋，但他们没有其他的保护，只有一件背心和一条短裤。absorbv．消减，缓冲；吸收(液体、气体或其他物质等)；吸引，使并入；理解，掌握；吸收(食物、思想、文化等)(1)absorbone'sattention吸引某人的注意力(2)absorbingadj.十分吸引人的；引人入胜的(3)absorbedadj.精神集中的beabsorbedin专心致志于，全神贯注于beabsorbedinto...被吸收(纳入)……①Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳，从泥土中吸收水分。②Thefactthatthelargerfirmabsorbedthesmalleroneabsorbedhim.(absorb)那家大公司吞并了那家小公司的事情吸引了他的注意。③KevinwasabsorbedinthecartoonMickey&Donald.凯文全神贯注于卡通片《米老鼠和唐老鸭》。[联想发散]beabsorbedin意为“全神贯注于”，类似的短语还有：①belostin沉思②bedevotedto献身于③beburiedin埋头于6．(教材P11)ButStMaryhadappointedacaptainwhowasnotatypicalbasketballplayer.但是圣·玛丽中心学校任命了一位非典型的篮球运动员担任队长。appointv．任命，委派；约定(时间、地点等)(1)appointsb.tobe/as...任命/委任某人为……appointsb.todosth.指定某人做某事(2)appointmentn.约定；约会have/makeanappointment约会keep/breakone'sappointment守/违约①Mr.Blackisacarefulandexperiencedengineer,soheisoftenappointedtofinishsomechallengingtasks.布莱克先生是一位既细心又有经验的工程师，所以他经常被委任去完成一些具有挑战性的任务。②You'retobeappointedasSalesManager!Congratulations!你将被任命为销售部经理，祝贺你！③Pleasemakeanappointmentwithmysecretary.请跟我秘书预约。7．(教材P11)Sacklerbouncedoffhimandcommittedafoul.赛克勒跳起来绕过他，犯了规。commitv．犯(错误，罪行)；承诺(1)commitanerror犯错误commitacrime犯罪commitsuicide自杀eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(commitoneself/sb.todoingsth.,commitoneself/sb.todosth.))eq\a\vs4\al(某人承诺,做某事)(2)commitmentn.承诺makeacommitmentto(do)sth.承诺(做)某事①Heaccusedthemanofhavingcommittingacrime.他指控那个人有罪。②Bothsidescommittedthemselvestosettling(settle)thedisputepeacefully.双方承诺和平解决争端。③Wemadeacommitmenttokeep(keep)workingtogether.我们承诺一起继续工作。8．(教材P11)Joeimmediatelytookpossessionoftheballandran,...乔立即抓住球跑起来……takepossessionof占有，占据，拥有inpossessionof占有inthepossessionofsb.为某人所拥有comeintosb.'spossession＝comeintothepossessionofsb.落入某人之手，为某人所有①Youcan'ttakepossessionofthehouseuntilallthepapershavebeensigned.所有文件都签好之后房子才归你所有。②Theiropponentswereinpossessionoftheballformostofthematch.他们的对手在比赛的大部分时间里控制着球。③Therarediamondisnowinthepossessionofawealthyman.那颗稀有的钻石现在为一位富翁所有。④Onherfather'sdeath,avastfortunecameintoherpossession.她在父亲死后继承了巨额财产。[名师点津]inpossessionof与inthepossessionof仅差一个定冠词the，但意义却相反。用法类似的还有：inchargeof负责；inthechargeof在……的负责下。9．(教材P11)Joewasaconsiderateguy,andapologisedasSacklerleft,sniffingandweeping,eitherinpainorinfrustration.乔是一个很体贴的小伙子，在赛克勒离开时他不停地道歉，同时抽泣着，或许因为疼痛，或许因为失意。apologisev．道歉，谢罪(1)apologisetosb.向某人道歉apologisefor(doing)sth.为(做了)某事道歉apologisetosb.fordoingsth.为做了某事向某人道歉(2)apologyn．[C]道歉，认错makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉①Imustapologisefornotbeingabletomeetyou.我因为没能接你而向你道歉。②Heapologisedtoherfornotgoingtoherparty.他因未出席她的派对向她表示歉意。③Youmustmakeanapologytohimforyourfault.你必须为你的过失向他赔罪。10．(教材P13)Theexactoriginofbaseballisunknown,butitisprobablybasedonanoldEnglishgamecalledrounders.棒球的确切起源无人知晓，但它可能是以英国的一项被称为“圆场棒球”的游戏为基础的。bebasedon根据，以……为基础(1)basev．以……为基地basesth.on/uponsth.以……为基础(2)basen.基地；基础(3)basisn.基础；根据onthebasisof以……为根据①Judgmentshouldbebasedonfacts,notonhearsay.判断应该以事实为依据，而不应该依靠道听途说。②Edisonbasedhisideasonscientificexperiments.爱迪生把他的想法建立在科学实验的基础上。③Ourproductsarepricedonthebasisofreasonableprofit.我们的产品定价是以合理利润为基础的。Todothis,hetoldYaotobemoreaggressiveand,ifnecessary,toberudetohisteammates.要想做到这一点，他告诉姚明要更富有攻击性，如果有必要的话，对他的队友粗鲁一些。(1)ifnecessary“如果必要的话”，是一个省略句，补充完整应为ifitwasnecessary。(2)在条件状语从句中，当从句的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有be动词时，可以把it和be动词一起省略，常构成“if＋形容词”的结构。常见的有：ifnecessary如果必要的话ifconvenient如果方便的话ifpossible如果可能的话ifany如果有的话ifnot如果不的话ifso如果这样的话ifever如果曾经有过的话①Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)如果你采取的这些措施有用就继续下去。如果不这样的话，看一看你能尝试的其他方法。②Beingkindtoothersshouldbeeveryone'sprincipleoflife.Ifso,ourworldwillbemorepeacefulandbeautiful.对人友善应该是每个人的生活准则。如果这样的话，我们的世界将会更加和平和美丽。③Ifpossible,I'mgoingtovisitsomehomesfortheoldinthecity.如果有可能的话，我将去探望市里的几家敬老院。(3)其他状语从句省略的情况：当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，若从句的谓语动词是be动词或包含be的某种形式，此时从句的主语和be动词通常可以一同省略。常见于以下几种形式：连词＋形容词/名词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语等。④Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou'llregret.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。⑤While(shewas)walking(walk)alongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。⑥Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosay(say)something.他站起来好像要说什么。[名师点津]状语从句省略歌诀省略句，真容易，符合两条就可以；从句谓语含有be，两句主语一样的；从句若有itbe，照样省去不迟疑；选择­ed或­ing，主动被动看仔细。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Wheninformed(inform)ofaseriousproblem,agoodmanagerwilltakecorrectivemeasuresratherthanignoreit.2．Shesawasmallriverwithgreengrassandredflowersonbothsides.3．Thesuccessofthisprojectrelieson/uponeveryonetomakeaneffort.4．Heshookmebythehandandweopenedaconversationinstantly(instant)．5．—Youwillgotowork?Whynottakemycar?—No,thanks.I'musedtowalking(walk)．6．Peopletodaymakechoicesoftheirdietsbased(base)onwhattheybelieve.7．PartofthereasonwhyCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,wasthatitwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.8．Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdogfollowing(follow)them.9．Yourrudenesstohimisterrible,forwhichyoushouldapologisetohim.10．Bothsidescommittedthemselves(they)topushingforwardthisvitallyimportantrelationshipbetweenourtwocountries.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Parentsshouldtellthechildtomakeanapology/apologizetoothers(向别人道歉)whenhedoessomethingwrongtothem.2．Doyouknowwhomthehousewasinthepossessionof(被……拥有)tenyearsago?3．Shewavedtoattracttheattentionofthewaitress(吸引女侍者的注意)．4．IpromiseIcanfinishmyworktoday.Ifnot(如果不的话),youcanpunishme.5．Heisusedtodoing(习惯做)thatworklittlebylittle.6．Shewassoabsorbedinherjob(如此专注于工作)thatshedidn'thearanybodyknockingatthedoor.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高[本课语言点针对练习]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Plantsabsorb(吸收)mineralsandothernutrientsfromthesoil.2．Youcanalsoobtain(得到)knowledgethroughpractice.3．Itistypical(典型的)ofmostnewtechnologiesthattheyoungergenerationisquicktoadoptthem.4．Theoldmanhadnobreathwhentheambulance(救护车)reachedthehospital.5．Thoughweweep(哭泣)throughthenight,joywillcomeinthemorning.6．Unemploymenthasbeenanationwide(全国各地的)probleminthelastfewyears.7．Youngpeopleoftendrinkinstant(速溶的)coffeeintheoffice.8．Onecannotescapebeingpunishedifhecommits(犯罪)crimes.9．200dollarsamonthisnotadequate(足够的)tosupportthewholefamily.10．Middleschoolstudentshadbetterreadtheversions(改编本)inChinese.Ⅱ.单句改错1.Heusedtogoingswimminginsummer.Nowheisusedtorunning.going→go2．Theguidedrewourattentiononthemagnificentcarveddesk.on→to3．Hemadeapologytomeforhurtingmyfeelings.made后加an4．Theprogressofthesocietyisbaseonharmony.base→based5．Youcannotlegallytakethepossessionofthepropertyuntilthreeweeksafterthecontractissigned.去掉第一个theⅢ.选词填空ifnecessary，makeacommitment，haveanappointment，allthetime，berudeto1．IhaveanappointmentwithDr.Smith,butIneedtochangeit.2．Itwouldberudetoremarkuponherappearance.3．Remembertokeepanotebookathandallthetime.4．Theywerereadytodie,ifnecessary,fortheircountry.5．Imadeacommitmenttohimtopayoffallofthedebt.[本单元语言点温故练习]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It'shealthiertoreleasefrustration(frustrate)thantobottleitup.2．Youmightbeathoughtmoreconsiderate(consider)ofotherpeople.3．Amanisnotborninpossessionofknowledge.4．Imadeanapology(apologise)tohimformymisunderstandingofhiskindness.5．Asrainhasfallen,thegoodscannotbeshipped(ship)．6．Asweknow,readingbookswidelycanwiden(wide)yourknowledge.7．Iwasthefirsttoarrive(arrive)attheinnandgotthepickofrooms.8．Whendeeplyabsorbed(absorb)inwork,whichheoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.9．Hisforeignfriendhasbecomeusedtoliving(live)inChina.10．Todoherjustice,wemustadmitthatshediddeservetowin(win)．Ⅱ.完成句子1．Theinstantthebusstopped(公共汽车一停下来),aboutfiftypeopletriedtocrushin.2．Atthebeginningofthestudytherunnersranforaboutfourhoursaweekonaverage(平均)．3．Thereisnodoubtthat(毫无疑问)ithasitsnegativeeffectsaswellaspositiveeffects.4．Imightbeawaynextweek.Ifso(如果这样的话)Iwon'tbeabletoseeyou.5．Hisstoryisbasedon(以……为基础)hisownexperiencewhenheservedinthearmyintheSecondWorldWar.6．ThePresidentiscommittedtoreforming(承诺要改革)healthcare.7．Childrenmustattendschool(上学)betweentheagesof5and16.8.Peoplevaryintaste(在爱好方面不同);somelovemusic,someenjoytakingpictures,andstillothersarefondofclimbingmountains.9．Ifwedon'tconcentrateourattentiononourwork(专心于我们的工作)we'llmakeamistake.10．Hewasappointedas(被任命为)theimageambassadorofthecharityactivity.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.阅读理解Thediscussiononrenewableenergyhasbeengoingonforatleastadecadeandpeoplehavereliedonfossilfuelsalmostentirelyformorethanacentury.However,thesituationwhenfossilfuelswerethemostefficientandthecheapestsourceofenergyhasbeenleftfarinthepast.ManycountriessuchasGermanyandSwedenhavealreadymadesignificanteffortstofixthissituation,employingnumerouspowerplantsworkingontherenewableresourcesofenergy.Themosteffectiveamongtheseresourcesisgeothermal(地热的)energy.Geothermalenergydoesnotdependontheworld'seconomicandpoliticalsituationasstronglyasfossilfuelsdo.Besides,extracting(提炼)fossilfuelsaddsuptothepriceofenergyproducedfromthem.Therefore,geothermalenergyismuchcheaperthantraditionalones,savingupto80%ofthecostsoverfossilfuels.Beingarenewableresource,geothermalenergyproduceslesswasteandpollutionthantraditionalenergysources.Ingeothermalsystems,carbondioxidemakesupabout10%ofairproduced.Overall,inordertoproducetheelectricitythatcanbeusedforonehour,thegeothermalsystemsproduce0.1poundofcarbondioxideandotherharmfulgases.Foracomparison,apowerplantproducingelectricityfromgasproducesupto2poundsofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,andthosepowerplantsthatworkoncoal(煤)produceanastonishing3.6poundsofgreenhousegases.Lowcostsmakeanotherreasonwhyusinggeothermalpowerplantsshouldbethefirstchoiceformanycountries.Geothermalheatsystemsrequire25%to50%lessenergyforworkcomparedwiththetraditionalsystemsforheatingorcooling.Besides,geothermalequipmentislessbulky:duetotheverynatureofgeothermalenergy,geothermalpowerplantshaveonlyafewmovingparts,allofwhichcanbeeasilyshelteredinsidearelativelysmallbuilding.What'smore,thelifespanofgeothermalequipmentisratherlong.Allthesemakegeothermalpowerstationseasytobuildandkeep.语篇解读：地热作为非常重要的可再生清洁能源，将会给人们带来巨大的好处。1．Fossilfuelsaremoreexpensivethangeothermalenergypartlybecause.A．fossilfuelsarenearlyusedupB．itisfreetousegeothermalenergyC．theproductionoffossilfuelscostsalotD．geothermalenergydoesn'tdependonpoliticalsituation解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Besides,extra