2019北京高考英语真题

2019北京高考英语真题

A

Onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade,Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.I(1)(voice)

mybiggestconcerntomymother,<6HowwillImakefriends?^^.Shehandedmeadvice.t6Beyourself.^^Forthepast

20years.Ihavelivedbythesewords.SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.Nervously(2)

(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhisperto(3)(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyoursef

B

EarthDay,(4)(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessabout

environmentalprotection.Firstcelebrated(5)1970,theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190

countriesandregions(地区).Nomatterwhatyouliketodo.Thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious(6)

(activity)onEarthDay.Youcanplantatree,makeamealwithlocallygrownvegetables,orsavepower-

thepossibilitiesareendless.

C

Doesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter?Researchonthequestion(7)(suggest)that,

formoststudents,itdoesn't.Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan(8)theygo.

Thestudentsbenefitingmostfromcollegearethose(9)aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife,

takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources(资源).Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowards

collegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,andit'snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsfora

healthyand(10)(meaning)collegeexperience.

第二节完形填空(共20道小题：每小题1.5分，共30分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从题给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

Regardlessoftheweatherorthedistance,PaulWilsonwillmakesurelow-incomestudentsinhisneighborhood

arriveattheircollegeclassesontime.

Aretiredengineer.76-year-oldWilsonhasbeen(11)freeridestocollegestudentsforthepasteight

years.Sincehefirststarted(12)hiscartotheyoungpeople,Wilsonhas(13)anastonishing64.000

miles,andhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhumorous(14)withthestudentshetransportstoandfrom

school.Thestudentswhohe's(15)havegoneontobecomephysicians,teachersandengineers,butwhat

they'vealsogotoutoftheirtimeinschoolisfindingarolemodelandafriendinWilson.Somestudents(16)

callhim“Grandpa”

TinaStern(17)ridesfromWilsonforallherfouryearsincollege,andthetripsmeantmuchmoreto

herthanjustfree(18)."It'snotjustaride;you'renotjustsittingtherein(19)silenceorwithyour

headphoneson,^^Sternsaid."Heasksyouquestionsandactually(20)theanswers,sothenexttimeyou

ridewithhim,he'll(21)thosethings.n

Wilsonfirstworkedasadriverthroughastudent-supportprogrammeofthenon-profitorganization,OnPoint

forCollege.Althoughthe(22)asksthemembersonlytodrivestudentstoandfromtheirclasses.Wilson

oftengoes(23)toensurethewelfareandsafetyofthestudents.Iftheyhaveproblemswithregistration,

Wilsonisthereto(24)them.Iftheyrunoutofcertaindailynecessities,Wilsonwilldrivetothenearest

storeandpurchasewhat'sneeded.Ifastudentgetshungryonthelongdrivestoandfromschool.Wilsonnever

(25)tobuythemameal.

Formanystudents,Wilson'shelpisnotonlyappreciated,it'salsoentirely(26)forthemtobeableto

completetheircollegeeducation.Somestudentsdon'thaveareliablecar,whileothershaveto(27)vehicles

withparentswhoworksixdaysaweek.Forthem,ridingwithWilsonhas(28)themtocompletetheir

education-butaccordingtoWilson,hebenefitsjustasmuchfromthe(29).UIjustlovedriving,andIlove

thesekids,“Wilsonsaid."Il'ssucha(n)(30)tobeapartofthesekids5lives,evenjustforafewhours,

gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstories.^^

11.A.linkingB.sendingC.offeringD.distributing

12.A.donatingB.lendingC.deliveringD.volunteering

13.A.pavedB.coveredC.measuredD.wandered

14A.argumentsB.interviewsC.negotiationsD.conversation

15.A.metB.drivenC.addressedD.greeted

16.A.evenB.everC.onceD.already

17.A.earnedB.receivedC.assessedD.demanded

18.A.transportationB.styleC.timeD.communication

19.A.forcedB.awkwardC.ridiculousD.suspicious

20.A.selectsB.recitesC.guessesD.remembers

21.A.actonB.settleonC.checkonD.agreeon

22.A.clubB.leagueC.collegeD.programme

23.A.farB.aroundC.beyondD.forwards

24.A.assistB.watchC.urgeD.warn

25.A.expectsB.attemptsC.managesD.hesitates

26.A.extraB.unusualC.necessaryD.adequate

27.A.shareB.fuelC.repairD.exchange

28.A.requiredB.allowedC.remindedD.convinced

29.A.experienceB.arrangementC.appreciationD.employment

30.A.effortB.ambitionC.privilegeD.convenience

第二部分:阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题:□小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从中题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Wanttoexplorenewcultures,meetnewpeopleanddosomethingworthwhileatthesametime?Youcando

allthethreewithGlobalDevelopmentAssociation（GDA）Whateverstageoflifeyou'reat,whereveryougoand

whateverprojectyoudoinGDA,you'llcreatepositivechangesinapoorandremotecommunity（社区）.

Weworkwithvolunteersofallagesandbackgrounds.Mostofourvolunteersareaged17-24.Nowweneed

volunteermanagersaged25-75.Theyareextremelyimportantinthesafeandeffectiverunningofourprogrammes.

Wehavesuchrolesasprojectmanagers,mountainleaders,andcommunicationofficers.

Dependingonwhichroleyouchoose,youcouldhelptoincreaseacommunity'saccesstosafedrinkingwater,

orhelptoprotectvaluablelocalcultures.Youmightalsodesignanadventurechallengetotrainyoungvolunteers.

Notonlywillyouhelpouryoungvolunteerstodeveloppersonally.YbuHlalsolearnnewskillsandincreaseyour

culturalawareness.Youmayhavechancestomeetnewpeoplewho'llbecomeyourlifelongfriends.

Thissummerwehaveboth4-weekand7-weekprogrammes:

Schedule

Country

4-weekprogrammes7-weelprogrammes

Algeria5Jul.-lAug.20Jun.-7Aug

Egypt24Jul.-20Aug.19Jun.-6Aug

Kenya20Jul.-16Aug.18Jun.-5Aug

SouthAfrica2Aug.-29Aug.15Jun.-2Aug

GDAensuresthatvolunteersworkwithcommunitymembersandlocalprojectpartnerswhereourhelpis

needed.Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.

ThereisnootherchancelikeaGDAprogramme.Joinusasavolunteermanagertodevelopyourownskills

whilebringingbenefitstothecommunities.

FindoutmoreaboutjoiningaGDAprogramme:

Website:

Email:humanresources@

31.Whatisthemainresponsibilityofvolunteermanagers?

A.Toseeklocalpartners.B.Totakeinyoungvolunteers.

C.Tocarryoutprogrammes.D.Tofosterculturalawareness.

32.TheprogrammebeginninginAugustwilloperatein.

A.EgyptB.AlgeriaC.KenyaD.SouthAfrica

33.ThesharedgoalofGDA'sprojectsisto.

A.explorenewculturesB.protecttheenvironment

C.gaincorporatebenefitsD.helpcommunitiesinneed

AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur（创业者），whoinMay2015setupherbusiness

AilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13,hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinvention毕

ofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekids9teeth,insteadofdestroyingthem.J

ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewasofferedacandybar.However,her

dadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickofmissingoutoncandies.Soshe

desiredtogetroundthewarning,"Whycan'tImakeahealthycandyIhat'sgoodformyteethsothatmyparents

can'tsaynotoit?”Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedherdadifshecouldstartherowncandycompany.He

recommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.

Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipe

thatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteethcleaning.Consequently,

shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.

Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessofftheground.Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheir

firstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellMoore'sproduct——CanCandy.

AsCanCandy\successgrows,sodoesMoore'scredibilityasayoungentrepreneur.Mooreisenthusiastic

aboutthecandyshecreated,andshe'salsoPositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.Shehopesthateverykidcan

haveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.

Meanwhile,withherparents5help,Mooreisgenerallyabletoliveanormalteenagelife.Althoughshefounded

hercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasn'tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelp

othersfindtheirsmilesShedonates10%ofAilieCandy'sprofitstoBigSmiles.Withhertalentanddetermination,

itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore

34.HowdidMoorereacttoherdad'swarning?

A.Shearguedwithhim.B.Shetriedtofindawayout.

C.ShepaidnoattentionD.Shechosetoconsultdentists

35.WhatisspecialaboutCanCandy?

A.Itisbeneficialtodentalhealth.B.Itisfreeofsweeteners.

C.Itissweeterthanothercandies.D.Itisproducedtoadentists?recipe.

36.WhatdoesMooreexpectfromtierbusiness?

A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Tohelpotherfindsmiles.

C.Tomakeherselfstandout.D.Tobeatothercandycompanies.

37.WhatcanwelearnfromAliceMoore'sstory?

A.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.B.Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.

C.Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.D.Successmeansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfied.

C

Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumbersthey

don'lknow.Bynextyear,halfofthecallswereceivewillbescams（欺诈）.Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverity

oftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammers

fromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,it'stoolittle,toolate.Bythetimethese“solutions'（解决方案）becomewidely

available,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.Inthenearfuture,it'snotjustgoingtobethenumber

youseeonyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhetherthevoiceyou'rehearingisactually

real.

That'sbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation（处理），andautomationtechnologiesthat

areabouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetouse.Atthisyear'sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanew

voicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionist

andbookareservationwithoutdetection.

Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemwithrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthat

robocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches（数据入侵）of

personalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmother'sname,andfarmore.

Armedwiththisknowledge,they'reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans

fbrexample,thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoice

thatsoundsexactlylikeyourbankteller's,trickingyouinto“confirming“youraddress,mother'sname,andcard

number.Scammersfollowmoney,socompanieswillbetheworsthit.Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone,

andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationships.Voicemanipulationtechnologiesmayweakenthat

gradually.

Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtowork

togethertofindwaysofdeterminingandcommunicatingwhatisreal.Thatmightmeaneitherdevelopingauniform

waytomarkvideosandimages,showingwhenandwhotheyweremadeby,orabandoningphonecallsaltogether

andmovingtowardsdata-basedcommunications-usinglikeFaceTimeorWhatsApp,whichcanhetiedtoyour

identity.

Credibilityishardtocambuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.

38.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstotheproblemofrobocalls?

A.Panicked.B.Confused.C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.

39.Takingadvantageofthenewtechnologies,scammerscan.

A.aimatvictimspreciselyB.damagedatabaseseasily

C.startcampaignsrapidlyD.spreadinformationwidely

40.Whatdoesthepassageimply?

A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.B.Technologiescanbedouble-edged.

C.Therearemoresolutionsthanproblems.D.Credibilityholdsthekeytodevelopment.

41.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRooted

B.WhoistoBlamefortheProblemofRobocalls

C.WhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMoreDangerous

D.HowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldofTechnology

D

Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld'soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarming

climate,accordingtoanewstudy.

Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms（海洋微生物）calledphytoplankton.Because

ofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Ocean

colourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewill

fuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean9s

appearance.

Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）intotheoceanwhilegiving

offoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpsto

regulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskey

characteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbon

dioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.

StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT'sCenterforGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthat

projectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃,itfoundthatmultiple

changestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittle

phytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmake

conditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.44Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplankton

intheoceanchanging,9,shesaid,"bulthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.9,

andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarcthebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfrom

theocean.Dutkicwiczsaid.nitwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive/1Thosekindsofchanges

couldaffectthefoodchain.

Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoogradualand

unnoticeable.buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges."It'Ubeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthe

changesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange,“Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwill

beoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.^^

42.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?

A.Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.

B.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.

C.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.

D.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.

43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Sensitive.B.Beneficial.C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.

44.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.

B.Dutkiewicz'smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.

C.Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.

D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.

45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.

B.Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain

C.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.

D.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.

Muchoftheworkintoday'sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams,Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuild

agreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.(46)Companiesspendmillionshiring

topbusinesspeopleistheirmoneywellspent?

(47)Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseballTheresultsaremixedForfootballand

basketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%ofthe

playersaretoptalent:abovethatleveltheteam'sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn'tevident

inbaseballwhereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam'sperformance.

Toexplainthisphenomenon.theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateam

requiresitsmemberstocoordinate(协调)theiractions.(48)inbaseball,theperformanceofindividual

playersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformance

willsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformance

whentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris,fbrexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,

hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam'sperformance.

Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold.''ThereisnoIinTEAM."(49)

Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasin

agameoftug-of-war(拔河比赛),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.

(50)AnA-teammayrequireabalance-notjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.

A.It'snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.

B.Sportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalent.

C.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers'attention.

D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.

E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.

F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.

G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节（15分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游,

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