2023年职称英语概括大意精选试题

第页共页2023年职称英语概括大意精选试题2023年职称英语概括大意精选试题概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的`短文后有两项测试任务：(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最正确标题;(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最正确选项。TheProcessesofImmunity1Immunitycanbedefinedasthepowerofanindividualtoresistoroveretheeffectsofaparticulardiseaseorsomeotherharmfulagent.Sometimesthewords“immunity”and“resistance”areusedinterchangeably;butitismoreaccuratetothinkofimmunityasaprocesswhichcausestheeffectoftheinvadingbacteriatobeunabletoworkbeforetheyhavehadachancetosetupaninfection.2Thechemicalprocessesthatproduceimmunitycanbedescribedbrieflyasfollows.Everydisease-producingbacteriumthatentersthebodycarrieswithinitselfasubstance.3Theseantibodiesdestroythepoisonoussubstanceofthedisease-producingbacteria,orelseactontheminawaythatwillmakethebacteriamoresensitivetotheactionofthewhitebloodcellsorotherphagocytes.Antigensvaryintheirchemicalstructureandspecificantigenwillstimulatethebodytoproduceonlyaspecificantibodyinresponsetoit.4Theantibody,then,willreactonlywiththekindofantigenthatcauseditsproductionandnoother.Thisisthereasonfortheselectivenatureofimmunitysothatimmunitytoonediseasedoesnotnecessarilycauseapersontobeimmunetoanother.Indeed,itispossibletohaveimmunitytoonediseaseandsensitivity,itsopposite,toadifferentdisease.Soitisusefultoconsiderimmunityasaselectiveprocess.Thisselectivecharacteristichasaname;specificity.5Therearetwomaingroupsofimmunity:inheritedimmunityandacquiredimmunity.Thissecondtypemaybeacquiredbynaturalorartificialmeans.Inaddition,anacquiredimmunitymaybeeitheractiveorpassive.23.Paragraph2________.24.Paragraph3________.25.Paragraph4________.26.Paragraph5________.A.TheDefinitionofImmunityB.TheProcessofAntibodiesC.TheFunctionsofAntibodiesD.TheSpecificCharacterofImmunityE.TwoTypesofImmunityF.TheFunctionsofImmunity27.Antibodieswereproducedwhen_____.28.Theantibodywillreactonlywith_____.29.Twomaingroupsofimmunityare_____.30.Naturalorartificialmeansacquire_____.A.inheritedimmunityandacquiredimmunityB.theantigenisintroducedintothebodyC.acquiredimmunityD.specified