江苏省常州市2022年中考：英语考试真题与答案解析

江苏省常州市2022年中考：英语考试真题与答案解析一、单项选择从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1.How______thisquestionis!I'vespenttwohoursonit.Letmehelpyou!A.practicalB.generalC.difficultD.natural2.___doesyourschoolorganizeanEnglishReadingFestival?Onceaterm.A.HowoftenB.HowoldC.HowlongD.Howsoon3.Learningisalife-longjourney,foritbringsus______neweveryday.A.everythingB.nothingC.anythingD.something4.Toachieveourdream,we______restonwhatwehavedone.A.maynotB.shouldnotC.neednotD.couldnot5.Whydidn'tyouopenthedoorforme,Jim?I______clothesinthebathroom.Ididn'theartheknock.A.amwashingB.havewashedC.waswashingD.washed6.Thesummervacationiscoming.Don'tswiminthelake,______whenyouarealone.A.probablyB.possiblyC.especiallyD.exactly7.Althoughthematchismovinginanunexpected_____，ourteamwillwinfinally，Ibelieve.A.instructionB.introductionC.positionD.direction8.Ifyouwanttokeephealthy,goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyishighly_____.A.recommendedB.challengedC.translatedD.influenced9.Mum,doyouknow______?Anengineer.That'sinteresting.Iguessyouoftenfixthingsforothersinyourschool.A.whatdomyclassmatescallmeB.whatmyclassmatescallmeC.whydomyclassmatescallmeD.whymyclassmatescallme10.It'snecessaryforustospendmoretimewithourgrandparents.______.Theywon'tseeusoftenafterwegotocollege.A.IhopenotB.IthinksoC.I'msorryD.I'mnotsure二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、BC，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Thethreemenweremovingdownafastandrockyriver.Thorntonwasintheboat,whileHansandPetehadtomovealongtheriverbank,holdingtheboatwitharope.Buck,thedog,followedthem,keepinga(n)11___eyeonThornton.Theycametoamore12partoftheriver,andtheboatstartedtogotooquickly.Hanspulledontheropetostopit,butpulledittoohard.Theboat13,andThorntonwasthrownintothewater.Buckjumpedinatonceandswamthreehundredmetersuntilhe14Thornton.ThenBuckreturned,withThorntonholdinghistail.Buckswamtowardstheriverbank.Buttheymoved15.Thorntonknewtheywouldnotgettothebankquicklyenough,soheletgoofBuck,heldontoarockinthemiddleofthewater,and16,“Go,Buck,go!”Buckswamashardashecouldtothebank,andPeteandHanspulledhimout.ItwashardforThorntontoholdontohisrockinthat17water,andhisfriendsknewtheyhadonlyafewminutestosavehim.They18theirroperoundBuck,whoatoncejumpedintotheriverandtriedtoswimtoThornton.Thefirsttime,thewatertookhim19therock,andPeteandHanshadtopullhimback.Thesecondtime,heswamhigheruptheriver.20,thewaterbroughthimdowntoThornton.ThorntonheldontoBuck,andHansandPetepulledtheropeashardastheycould.Mananddogdisappearedunderthewater,21rocks,turningoverandover,sometimeswithBuckontop,sometimesThornton.WhenHansandPetefinallypulledthemout,bothseemedmoredeadthanalive.Butafterawhiletheireyesopenedand22returned.Theyallsmiled.11.A.worriedB.satisfiedC.surprisedD.excited12.A.importantB.famousC.dangerousD.interesting13.A.turnedupB.turnedoverC.turneddownD.turnedoff14.A.lostB.sawC.savedD.reached15.A.carelesslyB.slowlyC.wiselyD.simply16.A.shoutedB.complainedC.repliedD.joked17.A.secretB.clearC.dirtyD.wild18.A.tiedB.limitedC.relaxedD.mixed19.A.underB.pastC.insideD.through20.A.OtherwiseB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Instead21.A.liftingB.controllingC.hittingD.breaking22.A.fearB.loveC.trustD.life三、阅读理解阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。[A]TheBeijing2022Olympicswasthemostgender-balanced(性别平衡的)WinterOlympicGamesinhistory,withmorethan1,300femaleathletes—arecordnumber—competingattheevents,makingupmorethan45percentofallathletes.HerearesomefemaleathleteswhoseachievementsinBeijingamazedtheworld.TeamChina'steenageheroGuAiling,18,istheyoungestathletetowinthreemedalsataWinterOlympics.Thefreeskiplayerwontwogoldmedalsandasilverinthreeevents.Russia'sskatingsilvermedalistAlexandraTrusova,17,amazedtheworldwithfivequadruplejumps(四周跳)duringfreeskateattheBeijingWinterOlympics.NootherwomanhaseverfinishedfivequadruplejumpsinanOlympiccompetition.Britishwomen'scurling(冰壶)teamwonthecountry’sonlygoldmedalbyhavinga10-3winagainstJapanonthelastdayoftheBeijingWinterOlympics.Thiswasalsothecountry'sfirstcurlinggoldafter2002.AlmidadeVal,a24-year-oldSwedishITengineer,togetherwithherteammate,tookthethirdplaceincurlingmixeddoubles.ShetookaleavefromhercompanytotakepartintheOlympics.23.HowmanyathletestookpartintheBeijing2022OlympicGames?A.Around1,300.B.Around1,580.C.Around2,880.D.Around4,460.24.Whotookasilvermedalinthecompetition?A.GuAiling.B.Britishwomen'scurlingteam.C.AlmidadeVal.D.AlmidadeVal'steammate.25.WhatdoweknowaboutAlexandraTrusova?A.Sheistheyoungestathleteinthe2022OlympicGames.B.ShetookthefirstplaceintheBeijingWinterOlympics.C.SheworkedasanITengineerbeforebecomingaskatingplayer.D.SheisthefirstfemaletocompletefivequadruplejumpsinanOlympiccompetition.[B]Thisisatypical(典型的)dayforYangJinlong.At9a.m.,hedrivestoprimaryschoolsandmiddleschoolsinXi’an,ShaanxiProvince,toteachstudentsaboutShaanxikuaiban.ItisatraditionalChineseformofstorytellingtotherhythm(节奏)ofbambooclappers(响板),whichtheartformisnamedafter.Sometimes,hehelpsstudentsprepareforcompetitions.Usually,hisclassesrununtilabout6.p.m.,andthenhereturnshometoprepareclassesforthenextday.OnJune10,theMinistryofCultureandTourismannounced325nationalintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产)itemsinBeijing,increasingthelistto1,557items.Shaanxikuaiban,whichappearedduringthelateQingDynasty,hasbeenincluded.Theartformhasbeenintroducedtolocalschoolsaspartoftheirarteducation.Yanghasbeenteachingyoungpeopletheartformsince2003aftergraduatingfromtheNationalAcademyofChineseTheatreArtsinBeijing.Hestudiedquyithere.QuyiisgeneraltermforChinesefolkartforms,includingstorytelling,crosstalkandclappertalk."ArteducationisimportantforstudentsinChina.JustasmanystudentslearntoplayWesternmusicalinstrumentslikethepianoandviolin,therearemanypeoplelearningtraditionalChinesefolkarts,includingShaanxikuaiban,whichI’llworkformywholelife,”hesaid.KuaibanispopularinnorthernChina,includingBeijingandTianjin.AccordingtoYang,Shaanxikuaibanwasinfluencedbytheartofdifferentareas.Theartformcanbeplayedbyagroupofplayersoronlyone.Withoneortwopairsofkuaibanofdifferentsizesinhand,theplayersspeakinthelocaldialect(方言)whiletellingstories,whichareusuallyaboutheroes.Theplayertellsstorieswhileplayingkuaiban,andit'seasyforthewatcherstorememberthestoriessinceallthelinesrhym.ThankstoartistslikeYang,thistraditionalChineseformofstorytellingispassedonandstaysaliveinourcountry.26.WhyistodayatypicaldayforYangJinlong?A.Heisteachingstudentsaboutkuaibanasusual.B.Hisworkstartsat9andlasts6hourslikeeveryday.C.Heispreparingforakuaibancompetitiontoday.D.Hislifetodayisasbusyandboringaseveryday.27.WhichofthefollowingaboutShaanxikuaibanisTRUE?A.ItisnamedaftertheShaanxidialect.B.Itislistedinthenationalintangibleculturalheritage.C.ItismorepopularthanthepianoandviolininnorthernChina.D.Itisplayedtotellstoriesusuallyaboutcommonpeople.28.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesYangJinlong?A.Devoted.B.Stressed.C.Generous.D.Curious.29.WhydoesthewriterreportYangJinlong'sstory?A.ToshowhowtoplayShaanxikuaibaninthelocaldialect.B.TotellthedifferencebetweenChineseandWesternarts.C.Toprovethatkuaibanplayersarelivingabusylife.D.TopraisetheworkofspreadingtraditionalChineseart.[C]Researchersareusinganunderwaterdrone(无人机)togetinformationoncarbondioxide(CO2)levelsintheocean.Itisbelievedtobethefirsttimethatsuchadevice(装置)hasbeenusedpurposelytotestCO2levels.Thedevice,whichtheteamalsocallsaglider,isdesignedtogodownto1,000metersindeepoceanareasandcanoperateforweeksatatime.Thepurposeoftheresearchistoprovidescientistswithdata(数据)abouthowclimatechangeisinfluencingtheocean’schemistry.Theself-swimmingdronewasplacedintheGulfofAlaskathisspring.ReportersfromTheAssociatedPressrecentlyjoinedresearchersonaboatinAlaska'sResurrectionBaytoseethedroneinaction.Theteamsaystheprojectcouldbeamajorstepforwardinmeasuring(测量)theenvironmentalhealthofoceans.Thescientistsaremostinterestedinlevelsofoceanacidification(酸性).ThishappenswhenCO2emissions(排放)intheairmaketheirwayintotheocean.Oceanacidificationcanharmorkillsomekindsofsealife.ScientistshaveconnectedCO2emissionswithglobal(全球)warmingcausedbyhumanactivities.Inaway,oceanshavegivenhumansahelpinghandbytakingin(吸收)someoftheCO2.Iftherewerenooceans’uptake,therewouldbemuchmoreCO2intheair.Thiswouldtrapmoreofthesun'sheatandfurtherwarmtheEarth.“Buttheproblemnowisthattheoceanischangingitschemistrybecauseofthisuptake,”saidteammemberClaudineHauri.OneofthebestwaystomeasureoceanacidificationistocollectCO2measurements.Untilnow,thesecollectionsweremostlydonefromshipsorwithdevicesfloatingattheoceansurfaceorontheoceanfloor.30.Whatisprobablythispassage?A.Anadvertisement.B.Partofanewsreport.C.Partofasciencefiction.D.Atextfromachemistrytextbook.31.Whatdoweknowaboutaglider?A.Itmustbeusedtogetherwithfloatingdevices.B.Itisusedtomeasureoceanacidification.C.ItisusedtostopCO2fromenteringtheocean.D.ItisusedtomeasureCO2levelsintheair.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uptake”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?A.Theactofcoveringanarea.B.Theactofslowingsomethingdown.C.Theactoftakingsomethingin.D.Theactofkillingorharmingsomething.33.Whatistroublingthescientists?A.Theunderwaterdronecan'tswimbyitself.B.Thedronecanonlylastoneweekatatime.C.OceansarestoppingtakinginCO2fromtheair.D.ToomuchCO2ismakingitswayintooceans.[D]Beingsadorinalowmoodisanormal(正常的)partoflife.Manypeoplefeeldownfromtimetotime.Forexample,whenpeoplefacechallengingeventsintheirlives,suchasfinancial(经济的)difficultyormajorchanges,it’scommontofeeldown.Butinmostcasesthebadfeelingsslowlydisappear.Asfordepression(抑郁症),however,thebadmoodlastsforweeks,months,oreverlongerbecauseitisamental(精神的)ilness.AstheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)noted,depressionisamooddisorder.Itshowsindifferentways,includinglossofinterestinnormalactivitiesandfeelingsoflowself-worth.Itoftenlastsforalongtimeandgreatlyharmsaperson'sabilityatworkorschoolorinthedailylife.Peoplewithdepressionusuallydon'tliketotalkabouttheirproblemswithothers.Moreseriously,depressionmayevenleadtotheactofkillingoneself.“Depressionisnotjustabout(一阵)ofsadnessorasignofweakness,andyoucan'tjustsimplystopfeelingdepressed."saidthehealthnewswebsitexxx.Butdepressionisnotaperson'sproblem.It’salsomorecommonthanmostpeoplethink.Itishurtingabout280millionpeoplearoundtheworld,accordingtoWHO.Thoughdepressionisworrying,wedon’thavetobeafraidofit.Depressioncanbetreatedbygettingprofessional(专业的)help,takingmedicineoramixedtreatmentofboth.Infact,whenyoubegintofeelthedangerofdepression,youcantrytodealwithitearlybyyourself.Listeningtomusic,doingsomesportsanddrawingsomepicturesmighthelpyoufeelbetter.Anotherusefulwayistalktherapy.Whenweareattackedbyalowmood,havingaconversationwithothersisofgreathelp.Beinghonestabouthowwefeeldoesnotmakeusweak;itmakesushuman.34.Whoismostprobablyexperiencingdepression?A.Lily,whoisgoingtohaveanimportantexamandhasn'tsleptwellfor3days.B.May,whodislikeshernewschoolandhascomplainedtoherparents3times.C.Ben,whothinkslifeworthlessandhascriedaloneover3timesaweekinthepastmonth.D.Tom,whofindssubjectshardandhastalkedtohisteacheraboutit3timesthisweek.35.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofdepression?A.Normalandnothingserious.B.Uncommonalthoughharmful.C.Unavoidableanduntreatable.D.Treatablealthoughworrying.36.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Knowledgeofdepression.B.Waysoftreatingdepression.C.Reasonsfordepression.D.Resultsofdepression.四、还原句子阅读下面短文从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填人空白处的最佳选项。Lifeisfullofchoicesanddecisions.Herearesomestepstohelpyoumakewisedecisions.First,it'sbettertomakeadecisionquicklythanavoiditforamonthbecauseyou'reafraidofchoosing.37Also,somechoicesusuallyhavetimelimits.Sotokeepourbrainsfromgettingtootired.weneedn'tthinkaboutthecostofeverysinglechoice.Narrowdownthelistandtrycomparingonlythebesttwoorthree.Next,thinkaboutthevalueandcostofeachchoice.38Orbetteryet,createascorecard,onwhichyougiveoutbiggerpointvaluestowhatyouthinkismoreimportant.Thiswayyoucantellifonehugeadvantageismoreimportantthanagroupoflittledisadvantages.Then,staycalmandgiveyourselfsomespace.Youdon'twanttodelay(延迟)forweeks,butifyou'reabouttomakeahasty(仓促的)decision,youmayenduppickingsomethingyouregret.39Anditmighttakeyouafewdaysformajorchoices,likechoosingyouridealhighschool.40Why?Becauseit’sgoodtogetafreshwayofthinkingfromotherswhoarenotasworriedasyou.Considertheiropinions(观点)eveniftheyarenotwhatyouwanttohear.Youneedtotakedifferentopinionsintoconsiderationsothatyouwillmakeawisedecision.A.You'llneedatleastonenightto“sleeponit".B.Andyoudon'thavetomakeadecisionalone.C.Theyarethebestchancestoshowyourpersonality.D.Thesewaysoflettingoutwhatyouarefeelingarehelpful.E.It'sverytiringtothinkthingsoverbutfailtodecideintime.F.Todothat,youcanmakealistofadvantagesanddisadvantages.五、综合填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填人一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Museumsplayabigroleinoursociety.Theyarealso(41)_importantclassroomforprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudents.Duringholidays,groupsofyoungmuseumguides(42)___(see)everywhereinChangzhouMuseum.Since2011,ChangzhouMuseum(43)___(carry)outmorethan100publictrainingactivitiesforvolunteerguides.InJuly,2021,Iwaschosen(44)___(be)avolunteerguideinChangzhouMuseum.(45)___itwasmyfirsttimetoservethere,Ididn'tknowwhattodo.Luckily,theteacherstheregavemanyinterestingtrainingclasses,including“PublicPlacesandManners","RedHistoryandRedCulture"andsoon.Iwasdeeplytouchedbythestoriesof(46)___(pioneer)likeQuQiubaiandZhangTailei.Iwasimpressedthattheyhadrisked(47)___(lose)theirlivestocreateanewChina.Inthefollowingmonth,Iguidedhundredsoftouristsanddidmyjob(48)___(success).Thisexperiencehadagreatinfluence(49)___me.Iknowmoreaboutmyhometownandthemeaningo