2023年职称英语综合B阅读专题训练

第页共页2023年职称英语综合B阅读专题训练更多精彩内容请及时____应届毕业生考试网!Factoryfarmingcouldsoonenteraneweraofmassproduction.paniesintheUSaredevelopingthetechnologyneededto“clone”chickensonamassivescale.Onceachickenwithdesirabletraitshasbeenbredorgeicallyengineered,tensofthousandsofeggs,whichwillhatchintoidenticalcopies,couldrollofftheproductionlineseveryhour.Billionsofclonescouldbeproducedeachyeartosupplychickenfarmswithbirdsthatallgrowatthesamerate,havethesameamountofmeatandtastethesame.This,atleast,isthevisionoftheUS’sNationalInstituteofScienceandTechnology,whichhasgivenOrigenTherapeuticsofBurlingame,California,andEmbrexofNorthCarolina$4.7milliontohelpfundresearch.Theprospecthasalarmedanimalwelfaregroups,whofearitcouldincreasethesufferingoffarmbirds.That’sunlikelytoputoffthepoultryindustry,however,whichwantsdisease-resistantbirdsthatgrowfasteronlessfood.“Producerswouldlikethesamemeatquantitybuttousereducedinputstogetthere,”saysMikeFitzgeraldofOrigen.Tomeetthisdemand,Origenaimsto“createananimalthatiseffectivelyaclone”,hesays.Normalcloningdoesn’tworkinbirdsbecauseeggscan’tberemovedandimplanted.Instead,thepanyistryingtobulk-growembryonicstemcellstakenfromfertilizedeggsassoonasthey’relaid.“Thetrickistoculturethecellswithoutthemstartingtodistinguish,sotheyremainpluripotent,”saysFitzgerald.Usingalong-establishedtechnique,thesedonorcellswillthenbeinjectedintotheembryoofafreshlylaid,fertilizedrecipientegg,formingachickthatisa“chimera”.Strictlyspeakingachimeraisn’taclone,becauseitcontainscellsfrombothdonorandrecipient.ButFitzgeraldsaysitwillbeenoughif,say,95percentofachicken’sbodydevelopsfromdonorcells/“Inthepoultryworld,itdoesn’tmatterifit’snot100percent,”hesays.AnotherchallengeforOrigenistoscaleupproduction.Todothis,ithasteamedupwithEmbrex,whichproducesmachinesthatcaninjectvaccinesintoupto50,000eggsanhour.Embrexisnowtryingtomodifythemachinestolocatetheembryoandinjectthecellsintopreciselytherightspotwithoutkillingit.Infuture,Origenimaginesfreezingstemcellsfromdifferentstrainsofchicken.Iforderseinforaparticularstrain,millionsofeggscouldbeproducedinmonthsorevenweeks.Atpresent,maintainingallthevarietiesthemarketmightcallforistooexpensiveforbreeders,andittakesyearstobreadenoughchickenstoproducethebillionsofeggsthatfarmersneed.41.Whichstatementisthebestdescriptionoftheneweraoffactoryfarmingaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.eggsareallgeicallyengineered.B.thousandsofeggsareproducedeveryhour.C.clonedchickenarebulk-producedwiththesamegrowthrate,weightandtaste.D.identicaleggscanbehatchedontheproductionlines.42.WhichinstitutionhasofferedUSD4.7milliontofundtheresearch?A.TheUS’sNationalInstituteofScienceandTechnology.B.OrigenTherapeuticsofBurlingame,Carfornia.C.EmbrexofNorthCarolinaD.Animalwelfaregroups.43.Inthethirdparagraph,bysaving“Producerswouldlikethesamemeantquantitybuttousereducedinputstogetthere,”MikeFitzgeraldmeansthathewishesA.chickens’qualitycouldbemaintainedbutwithlessinvestment.B.chickens’tastecouldbeimprovedbutatlesscosts.C.chickens’growthratecouldbequickenedbutwithlessinputs.D.chickens’couldgrowtothesameweightbutwithlessfeed.44.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutOrigenandEmbrexiscorrectaccordingtothefifthparagraph?A.Origenandembrexwilljointlyinventmachinestoincreaseproduction.B.Origenwantstopurchaseanefficientdonorcellsinjectinmachine.C.Origenhasjoinedhandswithexbrexinproducingcell-injectingmachines.D.Origenistheleadingpanyinproducingembryo-locatingmachines.45.ThetechnologyoffreezingstemcellsfromdifferentstrainsofchickencandoallthefollowingEXCEPTthatA.farmerscanordercertainstrainsofchickenonly