Module1 Language Points知识点总结 讲义-高中英语外研版选修六

E6M1LanguagePoints1.impressv给..留下深刻的好印象、使钦佩、使敬仰impresssbby/with...以..给某人留下深刻的印象beimpressedby/with...被...打动;对...印象深刻itimpressessbthat...让某人印象深刻的是...vt使铭记;使意识到(重要性或严重性)impresssthon/uponone'smind/memory使某人铭记某事(sth)beimpressedon/uponone'smind/memory(某事)被某人牢记在心Impresssthon/uponsb使某人意识到某事的重要性(impresson/uponsbsth)Impressionn印象、感想make/leaveadeep/lastingimpressiononsb给某人留下深刻的/持久的印象impressiveadj令人赞叹的/敬佩的，给人深刻印象的Eg:Bobisaboyofmanytalents.Lastweek,hisperformanceattheconcertme.Howeverwhatmemostwashisdecentmannerswhenbowinghisthanks,鲍勃是一个多才多艺的人，上周他在音乐会上的演出给我留下了深刻的印象，然而，令我印象最深刻的是他谢幕时得体的礼仪。2.损坏damage(可修复的)/destroy(无法修复)/ruin(彻底、废墟)invain徒劳3.lackv缺乏、缺少(无被动语态)eg:lackconfidencen缺乏，匮乏，短缺(a)lackof缺乏..forlackof...因缺乏nolackof...不缺...nackingadj缺乏的，不足的 belackingin...缺乏/缺少 Eg:madehimlosethechanceofwinning.缺乏勇气 使他失去了获胜的机会。4.advanceadj预先的/事先的inadvance=aheadoftime预先、事先inadvanceof..(时间山)在...前;(发展上)超前makeadvancesin在..方面取得进展前进、行进v(使)进展、促进advanceon/towards朝...前进Nottoadvanceistogoback不进则退Advancedadj先进的、高级的、高深的5.lookawayfrom把目光从..移开lookaround/round/about四下察看lookbackon回忆、回顾lookover查看、检查、环视、眺望iookinto调查(案件);朝..的里面看lookforwardto期待;(高兴地)盼望lookthrough浏览;透过...看lookon/upon...as...把...看作...Lookup(在书、电脑中)查阅;往上看lookupto尊敬、仰慕6.Inadditionadv此外、另外、除...Inadditionto+n/pron/doing(besides/apartfrom)7.lt+be+adj(easy/difficult/hard/important/impossible/interesting/pleasant/nice/comfortable/da-ngerous/heavy)(forsb)+todosth对某人来说干某事怎么样8.析使句+and+陈述句祈使句+破折号+陈述句eg:Trysomeofthisjuice---perhapsyou'lllikeit.名词词组+and+陈述句eg:Anotherpound500,andIcouldbuyacar.祈使句+or+陈述句 eg:Don'tgiveuporyouwillachievenothing 9.favourn(c)帮助、恩惠;(U)支持、好感、喜爱。vt偏爱dosbafavour帮某人的忙askafavourofsb请求某人的帮忙infavourof支持、赞成(=befor)insb'sfavour有利于某人，有助于某人inneedof有..的需要inhonourof为纪念/庆祝insearchof寻找10.replyn回答、答复 inreplayto回答makeareplayto回答/答复 Makenoreplay(tosth)(对某事)不作答复V回答、答复replytosb答复某人replaytosth对某事做出答复Replaywithsth以..答复replayto=answer=respondto=makeareplayto(考虑后的详细答复)Answersb/sth(回答人/事/接听电话/回答门铃声等)11.absencen(U)不存在、缺乏(U、C)缺席、不在in/duringsb'sabsence某人不在的时候intheabsenceof由于缺乏absenceofmind心不在焉 absencefromschool/work缺课/勤 Absentadj缺席、不在、心不在焉absent-mindedadj心不在焉的、健忘的Beabsentfrom...缺席反义词:presencen出席、在场inthepresenceof具有...Presentadj在场、出席bepresentat...出席...Eg:Ourmonitor_.schooltoday,andhis_..._wasduetoahighfever.MrWhitestartedanewchapter.我们的班长今天没来上课，他缺席是因为发高烧了。他不在时，怀特老师开始讲新一章的内容了。词尾变换一致的词(名词-ence----形容词-ent)Absence…absent patience-patient difference--differentsilence--silent Presence…presentindependence---Independentintelligence---intelligentConfidence---confident convenience-convenientviolence--violent 12.Consequencen(C)后果、结果Asaconsequenceof...(=inconsequenceof...)由于，作为..的结果Asaconsequence=inconsequence=consequently=asaresultConsequentadj随之发生的，作为结果的consequentlyadv因此、结果改错:eg1:Thereisnodoubtthatitisthehumanactivitythatresultsinthebadenvironmentconsequence,allcountriesintheworldshouldtrytheirbesttoimprovetheenvironmentEg2:Theyoungmanwasalwayscareless.Consequent,hemadeaterriblemistake.13.Coincidencen(U/C)巧合、巧事;(意见等的)相符、一致Bycoincidence巧合地Whatacoincidence!真巧!Itis/was(not)acoincidencethat...(不)是巧合。Coincidev同时发生;一致coincidentadj同时发生的，在同一地方发生的;一致的。coincidewith=becoincidentwith与...同时发生;与...一致改错:eg1:Qncoincidence,itwasonthatFridayafternoonthatImetthescholarinthefleshinourschoollibrary.Eg2:-MybestfriendJamesandIhaveexactlythesametasteforactionmovies.--Whatcoincidence!14.Contradictv驳斥、反驳、相矛盾Contradictsth反驳…;与..相矛盾contradictsb反驳某人Contradicteachother相互矛盾contradictoneself自相矛盾Contraryn相反、反面adj相反的onthecontrary正相反;恰恰相反Tothecontrary相反的becontrarytosth与...相反Contradictoryadj相互矛盾的;不一致的becontradictoryto...与..矛盾/不一致15.Apologyn道歉;歉意accept/refuseapapology接受/拒绝道歉Owesbanapology应该向某人道歉make/offer/giveanapologytosb(for...)(因...)向某人道歉demandanapologyfromsb要求某人道歉Apologise=apologizei道歉;表示歉意apologiseforsth因某事道歉Apologisetosbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而向某人道歉16.Cautiousadj小心的、谨慎的becautiousabout(doing)sth对(做)某事谨慎人小心cautionn小心、谨慎withcaution小心地、谨慎地cautiouslyadv小心地17.Acquaintancen(C)泛泛之交、熟人(U/C)(与某人)认识;了解Makesb'sacquaintance/maketheacquaintanceofsb结识某人Onfirstacquaintance初次相见Havelittle/some/noacquaintancewithsth对...几乎没有/有些/不了解Eg:Withthehelpofmy___james,whose___._withseverallanguagesmademerealize----nopain,nogain.在熟人的帮助下，我结识了詹姆斯。他对几门语言的了解使我认识到----不劳则无获。18.Cheerup(使)变得髙兴、振作起来cheersbup使某人振作起来/高兴起来Cheerv欢呼、喝彩、鼓舞n欢呼声、喝彩声、振奋、高兴Cheerfor为..而欢呼cheersbon(比赛中)为某人加油Cheers!(用于祝酒)干杯!cheerfuladj快乐的、高心的、令人愉快的19.Discouragevt劝阻、阻止、使丧失信心、使灰心discouraged泄气的Discouraging令人泄气的，使人气馁的discouragementn泄气、气馁Discouragesbfromdoingsth=stop/preventsb(from)doingsth=keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人干某事改错:eg1:Anxietyandpressuredodiscouragefrommeattimes.However,withtheencouragementofmyteachersandclassmates,Ithinki'llmakeitEg2:Generallyspeangparentsshoulddiscouragetheirchildrenspendingtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames20.表示习惯性、经常性的动作或者“第几次做某事”，引导词有:everytime/eachtime/nexttime;thefirst/second/last/...timeEg:Everytime/EachtimehecomestoChina,hewillcometoseeme.他每次来中国都会来看我。表示瞬间变化，含有“一…就…”之意，主要由定冠词the与名词moment/minute/instant等构成。Eg:IrecognizedyoutheinstantIsawyou.我一见你就认出你了。表示具体的某个时间概念，含有“…的那天/那年等”，主要由the与表示具体时间的名词day/week/month/year/spring等构成。Eg:Hecalledonhisoldfriendthedayhearrived.他到达的当天便去拜访了他的老朋友。改错:eg:Insteadofgivingtheanswersimmediately,theteacherencouragesustothinkbyourselveseverytimewhenheputsforwardaquestion21.lt+be+afact/pity/shame/anhonour/nowonder+that..Eg:t'sapitythatyoumissedtheexcitingfootballmatch!你错过了那场令人兴奋的足球。It+be+adj(necessary/strange/likely/uncertain/natural)+主从Eg:It'suncertainwhetherhecancometoMary'sbirthdaypartyornot.他能否参加玛丽的生日聚会还不确定。lt+be+done(announced/thought/said/hoped/decided/reported/known/estimated+主从Eg:t'ssaidthatbodylanguageaccountsfor55percentofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7percent.据说身体语言第一印象的百分之55，而说话只占百分之7.It'sessential/strange/necessary/vital/..that.…/It'ssuggested/decided/required/...that...等句型中，从谓用“(should)+v”eg:It'snecessarythatwe(should)geteverythingreadybytheendoftheweek.我们有必要在本周末之前把一切准备好。22.Leaveout省略、漏掉、不理会、忽视eg:Noonespeakstohim,heisalwaysleftout.没人跟他讲话，他总是被冷落。Leaveforsp动身去..(常用进行时表将来)leavesbalone不去打扰某人，让某人自己呆着leavesthalone别碰某物leavesthaside不予考虑，搁置一边Leave..behind落下…，忘带…，使….落在后边23.Expectv期待、预料、预计;期望、指望、要求Expecttodosth期待/指望干某事expectsbtodosth期待/预料/指望干某事Asexpected按计划进行，不出所料beexpectedtodo被期待/指望做...Itisexpectedthat...预计...Expectationn预料、预期unexpectedadj未料到的，意料之外Anunexpectedvisitor不速之客Comeupto/liveupto(one's)expectations达到(某人的)期望Against/contraryto(all)expectations与预期的相反，(大大)出乎意料24、Sensitiveadj须谨慎对待的，敏感的，易生气的，神经过敏的;体恤的，体贴的，善解人意的Besensitiveabout/tosth对某物过敏(精神)beallergicto对...过敏(身体上)Eg1:Sheissensitivetowhatpeoplethinkofher.她对人们怎么看她的很敏感。Eg2:Heisallergictoalcohol.他对酒精过敏。besensitiveto对...体贴25.Hesitate犹豫、顾虑、疑虑Hesitatetodosth犹豫干某事hesitateabout/oversth对某事犹豫不决Hesitate(about)+wh-从句+todosth对...犹豫不决Hesitantadj犹豫的hesitationn犹豫、踌躇Havenohesitationindoingsth=dosthwithouthesitation毫不犹豫地干某事Eg:Onceyou__adecisionor_.thenextmove,timewillgivefainjudgementandyouaredestinedtobealoser.Don'tbe__,butbecautious,onlyinthiswaycanyouachievesuccess.一旦你对一个决定犹豫不决或犹豫做出下一步行动,时间将会给出公正的裁决，你注定会成为一个失败者。不要迟疑，但要谨慎，只有这样你才能获得成功。26.Showoff炫耀、卖弄、显示eg:Heisveryhumble,hedoesn'tliketoshowoffhisknowledgeinpublic.他很谦逊，不喜欢在公众面前卖弄他的学识。Showup出现、露面=turnupshowsbin引某人入内Showsbaround/round带领某人参观onshow在展出、在展览27.Functionn功能、职能、作用functionaladj功能的、起作用的Perform/fulfilla...function履行...职责，发挥...作用Vi起作用、运转functionas起..作用，具有…功能Functionwell/normally运转良好/正常28.Imaginevt想象、设想、料想、猜想imagine(sb/sb's)doing...想象(某人)做..Imagine+that/wh-从句.….想象….imaginesb/sthtobe/as.….想象某人/某物为...Eg:tishardtoimaginelivinganywhereelsebuthere.Imaginationn想象力imaginativeadj创新的、富于想象力的imaginableadj想象得到的、可想象的 imaginaryadj想象中的、幻想的 改错:eg1:1canhardlyimaginePetersailacrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.Eg2:Thatistheonlywaywecanimaginereducethewasteofwaterinstudents'bathrooms.29.Purposen目的、意图onpurpose=bydesign故意、有意Forthepurposeof(doing)sth为了(做).，出于(做)...的日的反义:byaccident=bychance偶然、意外地30.Atthispoint到这时、在这一点上beonthepointofdoing...whenThereisnopoint(in)doingsth做.….没有意义come/gettothepoint谈到正题Missthepoint没听tothepoint简洁恰当offthepoint离题Pointout指出pointto/at指养31.Circumstancen情况、条件、环境、状况(常用复数)Under/innocircumstances决不、无论如何都不(句首，倒装)In/underthecircumstances在这种情况下，既然如此Circumstancewhere...Eg:Thebestwaytolearnaforeignlanguageislivinginthecircumstance______thelanguageisspoken.32.让步状从nomatter+特殊疑问词(what/who/which/when/where/how等)=whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/howeverNomatterhow+adj/adv+主+谓名词性从句:whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however改错:eg1:Forusstudents,nomatterwhatbusyweare,itisnecessarytosparesometimedodoexercise.Eg2.Toensurethaticanfocusonmystudy,myfatherdoeswhicheverhecandofor