英语级统考之语法精讲含例句解析

网独家培训网独家培训PAGEPAGE1大B级统考之语法精大B级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚pieceofnews（一条；twopiecesofadvice（两条建议）’s“’thestudentshall,of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词,如：thewindowoftheclassroom.Whatabeautifulhouse!Especiallytherearemany A.furniture B.furnitures C.piecesoffurniture D.piecesoffurnitures解析：此题考查名词的单复数。FurnituresmanypiecesoffurnitureC。不定冠词aan表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。aananEnglishteacherasecondyear一位老师/定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些。通常用在形容词及序数词前，或世界上thebestseason最好的季节/thefirstlady/theearth地球/ythepiano弹钢琴不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和活动的名称之前。在某些惯用词中也不用冠词，以具体名词表示抽象概念。如：havelunch吃午饭/ybasketball打篮球/gotoschool上 girldressed blackishersisterRose.《大（B）Test2,A.A; B.A; C.The; D.The;Heisfondofying pianowhilehisbrotherisinterestedinlisteningto music.《大（B）Test5,A./; B./; C.the; D.the;解析：C。演奏的乐器名词前+the。Musica/an，而题意“对音乐感”并没有特指哪种音乐，也不可用the.Hegoesto churcheverySunday. churchheusuallygoestohasseatingforoverathousand.A.a, B./, C.The, D./,manyfewafew一般只能修饰或指代可数名词，much,little和alittle一般只能修饰或指代不可数名词。afewalittlefewlittle表示“几manymuchneithernone或noone；eitherany。otherotherstheothertheothersanotherother作形容词修饰名词，泛指“别的、其他的”。有时会放在some,any,every,no等词之后。e.g.Westudy ,maths,Englishandotherlessons.others是代词，泛指“其他人或物”。如：I'mgladtohelptheother特指范围内的另一个（范围内一共两个e.g.Ihavetwofriends.OneisfromAustralia,theotherisfromtheothers特指范围内的另一些（范围总数通常多于两个e.g.Therearefortystudentsinourclass.Twenty-eightofusareboys,theothersareanother指同类中（三个或三个以上）的“另一个”e.g.WouldyoulikeanothercupofThebabyishungry,butthere’s milkinthebottle.《大（B）Test2,A. B.a C. D.alittle。Shehastwobestfriends. ofthemisinthecountry.《大（B）Test2,A. B. C.No D.解析：Dallbothneither—It’stimetotidyyourroom,Harry!《大（B）Test5,—Seethetidyroom, swhereitshouldbe.TestA. B. C. D.Anything主要用于疑问句和否定句中。Theredflowergoesfromoneto intheclass.《大（B）Test6,A.the B. C. D.解析：C。按照句意传花不是两者之间（fromonetotheother，而是三者以上（fromonetoanotherC。three…third…hundred,thousand,million不用复数；其“复数+of”可表示数百、数千、数百万，如：threethousand三千/thousandsoftrees（数千棵树）在表达时，注意以下表达法Heissixyearsold.（其中year须用其复数Heisasix-year-oldboy.（year不用复数6Theyhavelearnedabout inrecentyears.《大（B）Test2,severalhundredsEnglish B.hundredsofEnglishC.hundredofEnglish D.severalhundredEnglish解析：B。hundredsofmany，several之类的词修饰。A项的错误在hundredsof。Nancyis girl.《大（B）Test2,aeighteen-year- B.aneighteen-years-C.aeighteen-years- D.aneighteen-year-eighteenan（五）形容词和副词的原级、A.和的构成形绝大多数单音节和部分双音节词后加-er构成，加-est构成。如nice–nicer–大部分双音节词和所有的多音节词，前面加more构成，加themost构成最高级。如：careful-morecareful-mostcarefulas+原级+ e.g.TomisasbrightasMark.和一样聪明+than e.g.TomistallerthanMark.比高notas/so+原级+ e.g.Tomisnotas/sobrightasMark.不如聪明the+,the+e.g.TheolderIget,thehappierIam.我越变老，越觉得+and+e.g.Janebecamemoreandmorebeautiful.越来越漂亮了+++e.g.abeautifulbigbluewooden当被修饰的是以-thing,one,bodye.g.Ireadsomethinginteresting.Yourboxis mine.fourtimesasbig B.fourtimesasbiggerC.asfourtimes D.asbigasfour解析：A。在as…as句型中，表示程度的状语（如twice,threetimes，则置于第一个as之前，表示前者是后者的几倍。 worsethanyesterday’s.《大（B）Test2,A. B. C.very D.much解析：B。very用来修饰形容词的原级形式；much修饰；verymuch一般用来修饰动词；muchtoo常用来修饰形容词的原级形式。—Didthemedicinemakeyoufeelbetter?《大（B）Test6,—No.Themore , ImedicineItake;andthe B.medicineItake;theC.Itakemedicine;the D.Itakemedicine;解析：B。本题是“越…越…”句型，要用“the+，the+”句型，前后分—Whatwillyoubuyforyourboyfriend’sbirthday?《大（B）Test5,—Iwanttobuya walletforblackleather B.smallblackC.smallleather D.blacksmall（质地时间\一般（态完成（态进行（态完成进行（态态一般现在完成现在进行现在完成进行一般过去完成过去进行过去完成进行一般将来完成将来进行将来完成进行一般过去将来完成过去将来进行过去将来完成进行时时时网独家培训网独家培训PAGEPAGE58A.dodoes（第三人称单数。通常表示客观事实或真理；或表示经常发生e.g.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球绕着转Healwaysgoestoschoolbybike.e.g.Pleasebesuretoephonemethenexttimeyoucome.下次来之前请一定给我 e.g.IboughtthiscomputerfiveyearsHeoftentookawalkaftersupperwhenhewasinwilldo/shalldo/begoingtodo.表达在未来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在e.g.Theephoneisringing.Iwillanswer 动词形式为is/am/are+ng，表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作e.g.Thearelookingforthetwomissingchildren.们正在寻找两个丢失的孩子动词形式为was/were+ng，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作（主语是e.g.Janeburntherhandwhenshewascookingthe动词形式为have/hase，常与already，recently，never，ever,yet，since连用。用e.g.Themilkhasalready eundrinkable牛奶已经不能喝了。e.g.Hehaslivedheresince1949.1949动词形式为hade.表示在过去某一时刻以前已经开始并一直延续到这一时刻、或是e.g.Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearned1000Englishwords.到上学期末，我们已经学了1000个英语单词。WhenLilycamehomeat5p.m.yesterday,hermother dinnerinthekitchen.《大学（B）Test1,36）A. B.was C. D.has，，John’sfather mathematicsinthisschooleversincehegraduatedfromHarvardUniversity.《大（B）Test1,A. B. C.has D.is3）Iwasgivingatalktoalargegroupofpeople,thesametalkI tohalfadozenothergroupsbefore.《大（B）Test2,45）A.was B.am C.had D.have given的动作发生在wasgiving之前，所以用过去完成时态。形式以及相应的主动与语态。e.g.Seeingisbelieving.Torefusehimisnoteasythistime.这次很难他。注意：常用it作形式主语，而将动词不定式放在谓语后面。e.g.Itisimpossibleforustomeasureitin .（不定式前forus表示不定式的动作是谁做的）e.g.Weallhopetoseeyou.有些及物动词只能用动名词作宾语，如：finishavoidenjoymindinsistone.g.Hehas nghiswork.forget,regret,stop…，前者表示动作还没有做，后者表示动作已经做了。e.g.Iforgottotakeaspirinthismorning..我上午忘了吃阿斯匹林了（但现在想起来了e.g.Iforgottakingaspirinandtookitagainafewminutesago.我忘了吃过阿司匹林，几see,hear,have,make,let等后面用to的不定式e.g.Isawtheboyclimbthewall.（强调爬墙这件事e.g.Isawtheboyclimbingthewall.（强调爬墙的情景足的词之间是关系。如：e.g.Iheardsomeonecallinge.g.Ihadmyhousepainted.（直译：我让房子被刷了油漆e.g.Workinginthefactoryhewasanadvancedworker.e.g.Seenfromthehillourschoollooksmorebeautiful.not来构成。如果非谓语动词表示的动作发在主e.g.Theydecidenottogo.e.g.Tom’snotpassingtheexammadehisfatherveryangry.考试没有及格，这令他父亲e.g.Havingfinishedtheworkhewenthome.（havingfinished发went前）Bobsaidthatitiseasy forhimbeingon B.beingontimeforC.forhimtobeon D.ontimefor解析：答案Cthatittobeontime（准时）放在forhim表示不定式的动作是谁做的。Wouldyoulet totheparkwithmyclassmate,Mum?《大（B）Test4,A.me B.me C.I D.I解析：答案A。let是使役动词，用不带to的不定式作宾补，即letsb.dosth.这个结构。3）You’tmind youXiaoLi,doyou?《大（B）Test3,31）A. B.to C.to D.my解析：答案D。mindCharlesregretted theTVsetlastyear.Thepricehasnowcomedown.《大（B）Test3,A. B.to C. D.后者则表为要去做某事遗憾（动作还没有做A。Therewassomuchnoiseintheclassroomthattheteachercouldn’tmakehimself （B）Test4A.B.C.toD.解析：答案A。宾语与宾语补足语之间是关系，所以用过去分词Doyouknowtheman undertheappletree?《大（B）Test2,A. B. C. D.lyinglie（lied,lyinglay（laid,layingC。 tomorrow’slessons,Frankhasnotimetogooutwithhisfriends.《大Test5,网独家培训网独家培训PAGEPAGE8Not B.NothavingC.Notto D.Beingnot解析：BnotD。由于“还没有完成对need，shall,should（oughtto）,could，would。，needn’t e.g.Thegroundwasverywet.Itmusthaverainedduringtheshouldoughtto e.g.I’msorryIamlate,Ishouldhavegottenupearlier.我很抱歉我了，我本应早点儿起床 e.g.Catherinecouldhaveboughtthatcoat,butshechosetolendthemoneytoaneedyneednot e:e.g.Youneednot ethejob.Theyoungladycomingovertous ourEnglishteacher;thewayshe lsus《大（B）Test1,A.must B.can C.would D.couldYou buysomereferencebookswhenyougotocollege.《大（B）Test3,A. B.willhave C. D.haveB最恰当。Hedidn’tpassthefinalexamination.He it.《大（B）Test3,musthaveprepared B.oughttoprepareC.oughttohaveprepared D.oughttoprepare解析：C。此题考查情态动词+oughtto+作的执行者，语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。语态的形式：be+过去分词。e.g.Suchstoriesarepublishedfore.g.TheTVwasturnedonandeverybodysatthere,watchingsee,watch,notice,hearmake,have,let+不带to的不定式(dosth.),但在语态中to则不能少。e.g.Isawhimentertheclassroom./Hewasseentoenterthe在need,want,require等及物动词后面接动名词的主动形式可以表示含义e.g.Myhairneedscutting.注意：Thebookisworth Everyyearthousandsoflives inroadaccidentsbecauseofcarelessdriving.《大学英（B）Test1,41）A. B. C.have D.are解析：D。因为是每一年，所以句子用现在时；生命被夺走，所以用语态AftertheMinisterofEducationhadfinishedspeakingatthepressconference,hewas allsortsofawkwardquestions.《大（B）Test3,A. B. C. D.to解析：D。题项中将makesb.dosth.（让干某事）转换成了语态sb.wasmadetodosth.（被让干某时因此to不能少。Mywatchhasbeenlosingtimeforthepastweek.Itprobablyneeds A. B.to C. D.tobe解析：A。need+动名词主动形式（cleaning）可以表含义（十） （与现在事实相反

（be

should(wouldcould,might)+动词（与过去事实相反

hade should(would,could,might)+havee（与将来事实可能相反

should+动词wereto+动词

should(wouldcould,might)+动词求，propose（提议）suggestion,order,网独家培训网独家培训insistence,demand,proposal后面的表语和同位语从句中，这个从句的谓语要用（should）+e.g.Wesuggestedthathe（should）startnow.e.g.Mysuggestionisthatwe（should）sendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.我的建ordered）+thatthat引导的主语从句以及它们相应的名词（引导的表语和（should）+e.g.It’snecessarythatyoushouldbepresentatthe （1）运用在wishasif+动词虚拟将来的情况IwishIknewtheanswer.Itiswishedthathehadnotmadethemistake.Theoldladyisquarrellingwithothersasifsheweremad.那位年老的正在和其他人运用在wouldrathere.g.I’dratherIhadseenthefilm.希望我看过这部运用在Itishigh)timee.g.Itistimethatwehad/shouldhavearest.Hadyoucomefiveminutesearlier,you thetraintoBirmingham.Butnowyoumissed《大（B）Test1,A.would B.wouldhave C.could D.shouldhavecaught。此题前面的从句省略了if，所以根据句法要求倒装，将had提前到句首。2）ThedeanofthePhilosophyDepartmentrequestedthatthevisitingscholar alectureonthephilosopherSartre.《大（B）Test3,39）A. B. C.would D.had（should）+3）Iwisheverybody themeetingtomorrow.《大（B）Test4,A.will B.would C.had D.isgoingto4）Iwouldrather twoweeksearlier.《大（B）Test4,youshouldcome B.youcomeC.youcame D.youhadcome解析：D。wouldrather后的从句用过去完成式 A.will B.shall C. D.解析：DItishigh)time+and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时（指的是两个或两个以上不同的人或事物）e.g.Thewomanandherhusbandworkinthesameoffice.那妇女和她丈夫在同一个单位aswellas,with,togetherwith,except,but,like,nolessthan等引导e.g.Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,wassenttohelpinthiswork.一位专家和几Thechildren,liketheirparents,areverykind-hearted.这些孩子像他们的父母一样都那么主语为动词不定式(todo)、动名词(V-ing)e.g.Toseeistobelieve.Seeingisbelieving.)Whathetolduswasnotthetruth.and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，但是表示同一人或事物，或代表一个概念e.g.Theprofessorandofourschoolis主语为all,halfmost,some,anynone等不定代词时，通过上下文确定其实际意义，谓e.g.HisweekendsHalfarespentinthecountry.Histime?Halfwasspentonbooks.主语为形容词或分词加定冠词转化来的名词时，如果指一类人，为复数意义，谓语e.g.Thekilledwereburiedonthehillside.那些者被埋在了山坡上Thekilledwashisneighbor.那者是他的邻居either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso等连接的并列名词时，谓语动词e.g.Neitherthechildrennortheirfatherwasinthecar.无论是孩子们，还是他们的父亲都e.g.Neitherthefathernorhischildrenwereinthecar.无论是父亲，还是他的孩子们都不网独家培训网独家培训Boththekidsandtheirparents English,Ithink.Iknowitfromtheiraccent.《大学英（B）Test1,38）A. B. C. D.……C选项。Twothousanddollars enoughforthecar.《大（B）Test2,A. B. C. D.D选项。此外，距离、重量、时间等单位充当主语时也看作单Theyoung interestedinpopmusic.《大（B）Test5,A. B. C. D.解析：答案Dthe义，因此谓语动词也要用复数形式，并且表示“对……感”是用的beinterestedinsth，D选项。e.g.Thenbeganawarbetweenthetwocountries.于是两国之间开始了（全部倒装Seldomhavewefeltascomfortableashere.我们很少感觉像在这里这么舒服（部分倒装）as,though引导的让步状语从句中，从句往往放在主句的前面，而且从句须以形容词、副词、名词或动词（）等开头。e.g.Hardasshestudied,shefailedinthissoneithernor……也(不/没有)……”e.g.TomcanspeakEnglish.SocanJack.会讲英语，也会never,seldom,little,nor,hardly…(when…),scarcely…(when…),nosooner…(than…),notonly,notuntil等表示否定的副词或连词位于句首时；e.g.NeverinmylifehaveIseensuchathing.e.g.Notonlydidhehearbutalsohesawit.Neverbefore seesuchaterriblecaraccidentontheroad!《大（B）Test1,A.I B.have C.I D.did解析：neverACB选项，助动词用的have，与后面的动词see不一致，因此正确答案为D选项。2）Iwassatisfiedwithherexnation, .《大（B）Test3,somyclassmates B.soweremyC.somyclassmates C.sodidmy/nor引导的句子要倒装，并且所用的谓语动词及其时态要与前面一句话的谓语动词及其时B选项。Hardly onstage hehadcome/ B.hehadcome/C.hadhecome/ D.hadhecome/……C选项。Important hisdiscoverymightbe,itwasregardedasamatterofnoaccountinhis（B）Test5A.B.C.D. 案为C选项。It

ho…thatwho皆可。e.g.Mrs.Browncametovisitourcollegeon→ItwasonWednesdaythatMrs.Browncametovisitourcollege.太太是在星期三来参thatwhen,where；②that、who或whom皆可；be动词只有时态的变化，没有数的变化，即不管被强调的部分是单数还是is/was；⑤Itis/wasnotuntil…that…是强调句型中常见的强调时间状语从句的句式，that后用肯e.g.Ididn’tknowwhatkindofacountrysheisuntilIcameto→ItwasnotuntilIcametothatIknewwhatkindofacountrysheis.正是直到我到了中Itwasonthebeach A. B. C. D.解析：Itwas…that…AItisnotuntilyouhavelostyourhealth youknowitsvalue.《大A. B. C. D.解析：Itisnotuntil…that…untilDthat,whether/if,疑问词（which,what,why,how等）（whenever“无论什么时候”whatever“无论什么”等）that引导的名词从句：that无任何语义，不做句子成分，仅起连接主、从句的作用e.g.Thatshedoesn’tunderstandspokenEnglishisobvious.（主从Ithink(that)heisagoodactor.（宾从Thetruthisthatheisonlyeighteen.18（表从ThefactthatAnnwaslatedidn’tsurpriseme.安的事实不足为奇（同位语从句whetherif引导的名词性从句：whetherife.g.Whethershegoeswithusornot)isnotimportanttome.她是否和我们一起去对我而 ’tknowwhether/ifhewillcome.（宾语从句e.g.Whytheyleftthecountryisasecret.他们为什么离开了乡下是个（主从）Sheexinedtohimhowhecanstartthecar.她向他解释怎样才能启动这辆汽车（宾Thequestionwaswhoownedthehouse.（表从①thatite.g.Itisstrangethathemakeamistake.（主从，it为形式主语，真that所引导的从句）e.g.HemadeitquiteclearthathepreferredtostudyEnglish.他很明确地说他宁愿学习（宾从，itthat所引导的从句）feeling（感觉）,truth（真理，事实）等。1）Withhisworkcompleted,themanagersteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased hewasamanofaction.《大（B）Test2,38）A. B. C. D.解析：hewasamanofactionpleased的宾语，而在这个宾语从句中句子B选项。2）Ihavethecomcentfeeling I’mhighly ligent.《大（B）Test3,A. B. C. D.解析：feeling后面的句子是一个同位语从句，要用that来引导，因此正确答案为C选项。3）Weallthought meeting.Test3,36）A. B. C. D.解析：此题中，thatthought之后缺少一个形式itD选项。e.g.Heis who/thatisgoingtogiveaconcertonthecentury 先行 关联e.g.Amanwhodoesnottrytolearnfromotherscannothopetoachievemuch.一个不向别人学Theengineers(whom/that)wemetyesterdayhaveworkedoutanewItisaproblemwhichneedsverycareful（在定语从句中作主语MadameCurieisagreatscientistwhosenameisknownalloverthe（name的定语网独家培训网独家培训WecanneverforgetthedaywhenHongKongreturnedtoourThebuildingwhereyouusedtolivehasbeenpulleddown.你过去曾住过的那栋已经Weknowthereasonwhyhewasverythat①先行词为all,anything,somethinge.g.Ihavenevertakenanythingthatdoesn’tbelongto②先行词前有形容词及序数词first,last,next,only等修饰词时，只能用thate.g.Hew