2012英语高考真题及答案(全国卷)

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分〕Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.InaclassroomC.Inalibrary.Atwhattimewillthefilmbegin?A.7:20.B.7:15.C.7:00.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.TheirfriendJane.B.Aweekendtrip.C.Aradioprogramme.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Catchatrain.B.Seethemanoff.C.Goshopping.!Whydidthewomanapologize?A.Shemadealatedelivery.B.bnewenttothewrongplace.C.Shecouldn'ttakethecakeback.第二节（共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）WhoseCDisbroken?A.Kathy's.B.Mum'sC.Jack's.Whatdoestheboypromisetodoforthegirl?A.BuyheranewCD.B.Dosomecleaning.C.Giveher10dollars.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。Whatdidthemanthinkofthemeal?A.Justso-soB.Quitesatisfactory.C.Abitdisappointing.Whatwasthe15%onthebillpaidfor?A.Thefood.B.Thedrinks.C.Theservice.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。Whyisthemanattheshop?ToorderacameraforhiswifeTohaveacamerarepairedTogetacamerachanged.Whatcolourdoesthemanwant?A.Pink.B.Black.C.Orange.Whatwillthemandoafterwards?A.Makeaphonecall.B.Waituntilfurthernotice.C.Comeagainthenextday.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。WhatwouldJoeprobablydoduringtheThanksgivingholiday?A.Gotoaplay.B.Stayathome.C.VisitKingston.WhatisArielgoingtodoinToronto?A.Attendaparty.B.Meetheraunt.C.Seeacarshow.WhyisArielinahurrytoleave?A.TocallupBetty.B.TobuysomeDVDs.C.TopickupDaniel.Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Fellowworkers.C.Guideandtourist.听第10段材料，回答第17至39题。WheredoesThomasManningwork?A.IntheGuinnessCompany.B.Ataradiostation.C.Inamuseum.Wheredidtheideaofabookofrecordscomefrom?A.Abird-shootingtrip.B.AvisittoEurope.C.Atelevisiontalkshow.WhendidSirHugh'sfirstbookofrecordsappear?A.In1875.B.In1950.C.In1955.Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtotalkaboutnext?A.Morerecordsofunusualfacts.B.Thefounderofthecompany.C.Theoldestpersonintheworld.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分〕第一节单项琪空（共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分）Whichoneofthesedoyouwant?-Eitherwilldo.A.Idon'tmindB.I'msureC.NoproblemD.Goahead22.Sarahlookedatfinishedpaintingwithsatisfaction.A.不填；a B.a;theC.the;不填D.the;a"Lifeislikewalkinginthesnow",Grannyusedtosay,"becauseeverystepA.hasshownB.isshowingC.showsD.showedItisbynomeansclearthepresidentcandotoendthestrike.A.how B.which Gthat D.what.1don'tbelievewe'vemetbefore,!mustsayyoudolookfamiliar.A.therefore B.althoughC.sinceD.unlessTheresultisnotveryimportanttous,butifwedowin,thensomuchA.thebestB.bestC.betterD.thebetterMaryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecanalmosteverywordherteachersays.A.putout B.putdown C.putawayD.puttogetherThepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weatherA.permittingB.topermitC.permittedD.permit29.Thisrestaurantwasn'tthatotherrestaurantwewentto.A.halfasgoodasB.ashalfgoodasCasgoodashalfD.goodashalfas30.1useaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse. -A.couldn't B.mustn't C.shouldn't D.needn'tLarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,butofthemwantsto,becausetheyhaveworktodo.-A.either B.any C.neither DnoneFilmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhensuchartformsasmusicandpainting.A.havingcomparedto B.comparingtoC.compareto D.comparedto1hadbeenworkingonmathforthewholeaftensoonandthenumbersbeforemyeyes.A.swim B.swum C.swam D.hadswumYouhavetomoveoutofthewaythetruckcannotgetpastyouA.so B.or Cand D.butIfshedoesn'twanttogo,nothingyoucansaywillher.A.persuadeB.promiseC.inviteD.support第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分〕阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks36thanwords.Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore37thanwerealize.Infact,non-verbal非言语）communicationtakesupabout50%ofwhatwereally38.Andbodylanguageisparticularly_39whenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures.Indeed,whatiscalledbodylanguageisso40apartofusthatit'sactuallyoftenunnoticed.Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.41 ‘differentsocietiestreatthe42betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving43contact（接触）evenwithfriends,andcertainlynotwith44-.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries,45,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossiblethatin46.itmaylooklikeaLatinois一47一aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving'48TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep49一一whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas一50-.Clearly,agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeople51.Andonlyapartofitisinthewordsthemselves.Andwhenpartiesarefrom52cultures,there'sastrongpossibilityof53.Butwhateverthesituation,thebest54istoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobe_55A.straighterB.louderC.harderD.furtherA.soundsB.invitationsC.feelingsD.messagesA.hopeB.receiveC.discoverD.meanA.immediateB.misleadingC.importantD.difficultA.wellB.farC.muchD.longA.ForexampleB.ThusC.HoweverD.InshortA.tradeB.distanceC.connectionD.greetingsA.eyeB.verbalC.bodilyD.telephoneA.strangersB.relativesC.neighborD.enemies45A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhandC.inasimilarwayD.byallmeansA.troubleB.conversationC.SilenceD.experimentA.disturbingB.helpingC.guidingD.followingA.closerB.fasterC.inD.awayA.steppingforwardB.goingonC.backingawayD.comingoutA.weaknessB.carelessnessC.friendlinessD.coldnessA.talkB.travelC.laughD.thinkA.differentB.EuropeanC.LatinoD.richA.curiosityB.excitementcmisunderstanding D.nervousnessA.chanceB.timeC.resultD.adviceA.noticedB.treatedCrespected D.pleased第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分）AAreyoulookingforsomenewandexcitingplacestotakeyourkidsto?Trysomeoftheseplaces:.Visitartmuseums.Theyofferavarietyofactivitiestoexciteyourkids'interest.Manyofferworkshopsformakinghand-madepieces,travelingexhibits,booksignings（签名）bychildren'sfavoritewriters,andevenmusicalperformancesandotherarts..Headtoanaturalhistorymuseum.Thisiswherekidscandiscoverthepastfromdinosaurmodelstorockcollectionsandpicturesofstarsinthesky.Also,askwhatkindofworkshopsandeducationalprogramsarepreparedforkidsandanyspecialeventsthatarecomingup..GotoaYoutheater.Lookforoneinyourareaofferingplaysforchildandfamilyvisitors.Pre-showplayshopsareconductedbyareaartistsandeducatorswherekidscandiscoverthesecretaboutperformingarts.Puppet（木偶）makingandstagemake-uparejustacoupleofthespecialofferingsyoumightfind.Tryhands-onscience.Visitoneofthemanyhands-onsciencemuseumsaroundthecountry.Thesescienceplay-landsaregreatfunforkidsandgrown-upsalike.They'llkeepyourchildmentallyandphysicallyactivethewholedaythroughwhilepushingbuttons,experimenting,andbuilding..Wheneveryoneistired,enjoyafunfamilyscienceshow,commonlyfoundinthesemuseums.（xueloo〕Ifachildisinterestedintheuniverse,heprobablywillvisitA.aYoutheaterB.anartmuseumC.anaturalhistorymuseumD.ahands-onsciencemuseum57.WhatcankidsdoataYoutheater?A.Lookatrockcollections.B.Seedinosaurmodels.C.Watchpuppetmaking.D.Giveperformances.58.Whatdoes"hands-onscience"meaninthelastparagraph?A.Sciencegamesdesignedbykids.B.Learningsciencebydoingthings.C.Ashowofkids'sciencework.D.Readingsciencebooks.59.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Asciencetextbook.B.Atouristmap.C.Amuseumguide.D.Anewsreport.BHoneyfromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugar,itisalsodelicious.Mostpeople,andmanyanimals,likeeatingit.However,theonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nestandtakethehoneyfromit.Often,thesenestsarehighupintrees,anditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfrica,though,peopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper-alittlebirdcalledahoneyguide.Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoney,butitdoeslikethewaxinthebeehives（蜂房）.Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswax,whichisdeepinsidethebees'nest.So,whenitfindsasuitablenest,itlooksforsomeonetohelpit.Thehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeople.Onceithastheirattention,itfliesthroughtheforest,waitingfromtimetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenest,thefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.Someofthehoney,andthewax,alwaysfallstotheground,andthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitsshare.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingthewax,butitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehives,andwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.60.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees'nest?A.It'ssmallinsize.B.It'shiddenintrees.C.It'scoveredwithwax.D.It'shardtorecognize.61.Whatdothewords"thefollower"inParagraph2referto?A.Abee.B.Abird.C.Ahoneyseeker.D.Abeekeeper.62.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway.A.itgetsitsfoodB.itgoestochurchC.itsingsintheforestD.itreachesintobees'nests63.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WildBeesB.WaxandHoneyC.BeekeepinginAfricaD.Honey-Lover'sHelperCAbouttwentyofushadbeenfortunateenoughtoreceiveinvitationstoafilm-studio（影棚〕totakepartinacrowd-scene.Althoughour"act"wouldlastonlyforashorttime,wecouldseequiteanumberofinterestingthings.Weallstoodatthefarendofthestudioasworkmenpreparedthescene,settinguptreesattheedgeofawindingpath.Verysoon,brightlightswereturnedonandthebigmovie-camerawaswheeledintoposition.Thedirectorshoutedsomethingtothecameraoperatorandthenwenttospeaktothetwofamousactorsnearby.Sinceitwashotinthestudio,itcameasasurprisetoustoseeoneoftheactorsputonaheavyovercoatandstartwalkingalongthepath.Abigfenbeganblowmgtinywhitefeathersdownonhim,andsoonthetreeswerecoveredin"snow".Twomorefanswereturnedon,anda"strongwind"blewthroughthetrees.Thepicturelookedsorealthatitmadeusfeelcold.Thenextscenewasacompletecontrast（对比）.Thewayitwasfilmedwasquiteunusual.PicturestakenonanislandinthePacificwereshownonaglassscreen.Anactorandactressstoodinfrontofthescenesothattheylookedasiftheywereatthewater'sedgeonanisland.Byasimpletricklikethis,palmtrees,sandybeaches,andblue,clearskieshadbeenbroughtintothestudio!Sinceitwasourturnnext,wewereleftwonderingwhatscenewouldbepreparedforus.Forafullthreeminutesinourliveswewouldbeexperiencingtheexcitementofbeingfilm"Stars”!Whoistheauthor?A.Acameraman.B.Afilmdirector.C.Acrowd-sceneactorD.Aworkmanforscenesetting65.Whatmadetheauthorfeelcold?A.Theheavysnowfall.B.Theman-madescene.C.Thelowtemperature.D.Thefilmbeingshown.Whatwouldhappeninthe"threeminutes"mentioned,inthelastparagraph?A.Anewscenewouldbefilmed.B.Morestarswouldactinthefilm.C.Theauthorwouldleavethestudio.D.Thenextscenewouldbeprepared.DGrown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince.Amanwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscanstillswimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"orrememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning,whichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearnedsomething,additionallearningtrialsincreasethelengthoftimewewillRememberitInchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleriding,andplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchas"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverleam.Themultiplicationtables（乘法口诀表）areanexceptiontothegeneralrule,thatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverleaminchildhood.::ThelawofoverleatningexplainswhycrammingJ（突击学习）foranexamination,thoughitmayresultinapassinggrade,isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearning,ontheotherhand,isreallynecessaryforone'sfuturedevelopment.What'themainideaofParagraph1A.Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.D.Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.TheauthorexplainsthelawofoverlearningbyA.presentingresearchfindingsB.settingdowngeneralrulesC.makingacomparisonD.usingexamplesAccordingtotheauthor,beingabletousemultiplicationtablesisA.aresultofoverleamingB.aspecialcaseofcrammingC.askilltodealwithmathproblemsD.abasicsteptowardsadvancedstudiesWhatistheauthor'sopiniononcramming?A.Itleadstofailureincollegeexams.B.It'shelpfulonlyinalimitedway.C.It'spossibletoresultinpoormemory.D.Itincreasesstudents'learninginterest.第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10"分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Kids'health:FourstepsforfightingstressEverybodygetsstressedtimetotime.71Somewaysofdealingwithstress一likescreamingorhittingsomeone一don'tsolve（解决），much.Butotherways,liketalkingtosomeoneyoutrust,canleadyoutosolvingyourproblemoratleastfeelingbetter.Trytakingthesefoursteps,thenexttimeyouarestressed:Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.TalkTo"trustedadult,suchas“parentorotherrelatives.22Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems,suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.Don'ttakeitoutonyourself.Sometimeswhenkidsarestressedandupsettheytakeitoutonthemselves.Oh,dear,that'sgoodidea.Rememberthattherearealwayspeopletohelpyou.Don'ttakeitoutonyourself 13 Trytosolvetheproblem.Afteryou'recalmandyouhavesupportfromadultsandfriends,it'stimetogetdowntobusiness. 24 Evenifyoucan'tsolveitall,youcansolveapieceofit.Bepositive.Moststressistemporary（暂时的）.Rememberstressdoesgoaway,especiallywhenyoufigureouttheproblemandstartworkingonsolvingit.Thesestepsaren'tmagic,buttheydowork.Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyoumakeyourwaythroughatoughtime,you'llhelpyourselffeelbetterevenfaster. 75 Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.Noticeyourfriends'feelingsandfindawaytohelpthem.DifferentpeoplefeelstressindifferentwaysD.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends.Then,findawaytocalmdown。第n卷第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题I分，满分10分）注意：.每处错误与其修改均仅限一词；.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。IlearnedearlyinlifethatIhadtobemorepatientandlittleaggressive.FromthetimeIwasaboutfouruntilIwasaboutsix,Idestroyedeachofmytoy.Iwashappywhenthetoysworked,butwhenthingsdidwrong,Igotangryandbrokeit.Forawhileparentsboughtmenewtoys.Butbeforelongtheybegantoseewhichwashappening.WhenItearapartmyfifthbirthdaytoytrain,myfathersaid,"That'sit.Nomoretoystoyou."Mypunishmentlastedayear.Meanwhile,Ifoundoutthatwithmorepa