常见的英语同义词辨析

/常见的英语同义词辨析

1.路way:Whereverthereisroomforanobjecttoproceed,thereisaway.road:Aroadisapreparedwayfortravelingwithhorsesorvehicles.path:Awaysuitabletobetraveledonlybyfootpassengersorbyanimals.route:Arouteisalineoftravel,andmaybeovermanyroads.street:Astreetisinsomecentreofhabitation,asacitytownorvillage,whenitpassesbetweenhousesofdwellings.avenue:Aavenueisalong,broadandimposing（壮严）orprincipalstreet.2.时代（期）（时期）period:Itindicatesanypassageoftime,greatorsmall./anextentoftimeofanylength.（时代）time（s）:Itreferstoaperiodinhistory.inancienttimes/inVictoriatime（新时代）epoch:Itindicatesalongperiodoftimemarkedbyeventsordevelopmentofaparticularkind.Thefirstflightintospacemarkedanewepochinthehistoryofmankind.（纪元）era:Itreferstoaverylongperiodoftimemarkedbyaparticularfeatureinagreatneweraofworldrevolution.（时期）age:Itshowsaparticular/afairlydefiniteperiodinhistory.theBronzeAge,IronAge3.战斗（打仗）fight:Itisabodilystruggle（奋斗斗争）struggle:Aneffortofanykindtoovercomedifficulty.（战斗）battle:Afightbetweenarmedforces.（战役）campaign:Aseriesofrelatedmilitaryoperationsinawar.（战争）war:Aperiodoffightbetweencountriesorstateswhenweaponsareusedandmanypeoplearekilled.（对抗）combat:Afight,conflict,controversy.4.牧师（教士牧师）priest:Aperson,esp.amanspeciallytrainedforvariousreligiousdutiesandceremonies,intheChristianchurch,heRomanCatholicchurch（牧师）minister:Amemberofclergy,esp.Protestantchurches.（牧师）clergy（pl）:Theofficiallyappointedleaderofthereligiousactivitiesofaparticularchurchortemple.clergyman:clergymen（pl）amemberofclergy.（牧师）pastor:AChristianreligiousleaderinchargeofachurchanditsmembers,esp.inaProtestantchurch.（教区牧师）vicar:Apriestinchargeofanarea（parish）inthechurchofEngland.father:Alittleofrespectforapriest,heRomanCatholic.5.服装clothing（collect）:（fml）Generaltermofclothes.clothes（nosingle）:Coveringsofthebodysuchascoats,dresses,suits,shoes,hats.garment（fl）:Asuitofclothesusedbyactors./asinglearticleofclothing.costume:1）Thefashionofdresspeculiartoapeople,nation,class,period,etc.2）Adresswornbyactorsinaplay.uniform:wornbyallmembersofthecommunity.dress:1）Akindofoutergarmentwornbywomen（连衣裙）.2）wornonspecialoccasions（礼服）eveningdress/morningdresssuit:Asetofouterclothestobeworntogether.eveningsuit/swimmingsuitcoat:Agarmentwithsleeveswornontopofotherclothesfromrain,heat,etc.overcoat:Awarncoatworninthestreet.6.哭cry:Themostgeneralone.（哭泣）weep:Toletflowtears.（抽泣抽嗒）sob:Toweeporsighwithshortquickbreaths.（哭天抹泪涕泪交流）snivel:Tosniffleandcryinairritatingmanner.（哭嚎又哭又闹）blubber:Tocryloudlynoisily.（发出低声报怨声）whine:Tomakealowcomplainingcry.（嚎哭）bawl:Toutterloudcries（alwaysinbadsense）.（痛哭）wail:Tocryaloudfrompainorsorrow.（呻吟）moan:Tomakealow,miserablesoundinpainorsorrow.（呻吟）grown:Tomakealowsoundofpain,unhappinessordisapproval（哀悼）mourn:Tofeelorshowsadnessorsorrowforsomeonewhohasdied.（哀悼）lament:Toexpressgreatsorroworregret.7.美丽漂亮good-looking:Havinganattractiveappearanceinastrong,healthywayusedformenandwomennotthings.beautiful:（awomanorathing）Suggestingsymmetryoffeaturesorperfectionofproportion,eleganceandmobility.beautifulflowers,abeautifulgirl/voice/city/facebeautifulweather.handsome:Ofattractiveappearanceappliestomen.ahandsomefellow/actor/horse/buildings/youngman.pretty:（agirl,orasmallthing）Suggestinglivelinessandsweetness,pleasingornicetolookat.aprettylittlewoman/garden,aprettygirl/picture/pieceofmusic,lovely:（something）Sobeautifulthatitmakesyoufeelgoodtolookatitoreventothinkaboutit.Thegardenlookslovely.fair:Beautiful（ofwomaninpoet）lightincoloresp.,skinhair.gorgeous:（personsorthings）（inf）Extremelybeautifulorhandsome.8.拉拖pull:Themostgeneralone.draw:Itimpliesasmoother,steadiermotionandgenerallyalighterforcethanpull.drag:Itusuallyreferstohorizontalmotionormotionupanincline（slope）anditsuggestslaboriouseffortsoverroughgroundoragainstfriction,resistanceorgravity.Theescapedprisonerwasdraggedoutofhishidingplace.haul:Itimpliescontinuouspullingordraggingofheavyorbulkyobjects.Thefishermanishaulinganet.tug:Itappliestohardoftensuddenviolentefforttopull.Hetuggedatmysleevetoaskdirections.jerk:Topullsuddenly.Hejerkedouttheknifethatwasstuckinthewound.tow:Topullbyaropeorchain.Wetowedthecartothenearestgarage.wrench:Topullhardwithatwistingorturningmovement.9.旋转turn:Themostgeneralone.（自转）spin:Toturnquicklyaroundacentralpoint.Itemphasizesthecontinuityoftheaction,andusuallythenarrowextentofthecircularmotion.Thewheelisspinningonitsaxis.（急转）whirl:Toroundveryfast.Itimpliesthelockofconsciouscontrol.Theleaveswhirlinthewindintheyard.（转动）rotate:Toturnroundafixedpointwithacircularmovement.Theearthrotatesonceevery24hours.（绕转）revolve:Toturnormoveinacirclearoundacentralpoint.Itindicatescircularorelliptical（椭圆）movement.Theplanetsrevolvearoundthesun.10.生气气愤anger:Themostgeneralone.（易怒）becross:Feelingeasytogetangry.（愤慨）indignation:（fml）Anger.Itstressesrighteousangeratwhatoneconsidersunfair,meanorshameful.Weexpressedourindignationattheruthlessexploitation.（愤怒）wrath:Verytreatanger.（literary）Itsuggestsadesireonintenttorevengeorpunish.（狂怒）rage:Wild,violentanger.Itsuggestslossofself-controlfromviolenceofemotion.inarage/tofallintoarage.（暴怒）fury:Violent,extremeanddestructiveanger.Sheflewintoafury.11.错误（误会）mistake:Awrongthought,act.ItimpliescarelessnessAnyonecanmakeamistake.（过错弱点）fault:Abadpoint,butnotofaseriousmoralkind.Itreferstobehaviorandcharacter.Hisonlyfaultisthathelacksambition.findfaultwithsb/atfaultshortcoming:Weakness,failingItreferstofailuresordeficienciesinthingsaswellaspeople.InspiteofallhershortcomingsIstillthinkshe'soneofthebestteachersintheschool.（疏忽）error:Amistake（formalsometimesliterary）ItimpliesdeviationfromastandardormodelTheaccidentwascausedbyhumanerror.（缺点毛病）defect:sthlackingorimperfect.Itreferstoquality.Theradiowasreturnedbecauseofadefect.（失误过失）blunder:Averystupidorunnecessarymistake.Itimpliesignorance.Thisisthefatalblunderofhislife.12.图画picture:Themostgeneralone.（彩图）painting:pictureswithcolor.（绘画图画）drawing:Apicturemadewithapen,pencilandcrayon.Sketch,diagramsandgraphsarealldrawings.（草图）sketch:Aroughnotdetaileddrawing.（图解图表）diagram:Adrawing,figurethatshowsthearrangementofsomething.（曲线图）graph:Adiagraminwhichastraightline,curved,orzigzaglineshowshowtwosetsofnumbersormeasurementsarerelated.（插图）illustration:Apicturetogowithwordsofabook.（图样草图）draft:Thefirstroughwrittenformofanything.（平面图）plan:Alinedrawingofabuildingasitmightbeenseenfromabove.（主视图）elevation:Aflatuprightsideofabuilding.（海图）chart:Amapesp.adetailedmapofaseaarea.13.特别（专门的,与众不同的）special:Differentinsomewayfromwhatiscommon,ordinary,orusual.Itstresseshavingaquality,character,identity,oruseofitsown.Thetubecontainsspecialgases.（特别的）especial:（fml）Toanusuallygreatdegree,exceptionalItemphasizestheimportanceofthethingsorthepersonsmentionedThisisamatterofespecialimportance.（各别的）particular:Relatingorbelongingtoonlyonethingorperson.Itstressesthedistinctnessofsomethingasanindividualwhichisworthnotice.Inthatparticularcase,theruledoesn'thold.（适用）（特种的）specific:Detailedandexact,clearinmeaningandexplanation,fixed,determined.（usedinscientificarticles）Itimpliesaqualityorcharacterdistinguishingakindoraspecies.Hegavemeaveryspecificinstruction.Thereisaspecifictoolforeachjob.（独特的）peculiar:Strangeorperhapsunpleasant.Itimpliesstrangeness.Hehasapeculiarwayofspeaking.14.取消消灭（取消解除）cancel:Togiveup,todeclaresomethingistobeeffective.Hehascancelledhisleaveofabsence.（消假）（废除废止）abolish:Todoawaywith.Itreferstopractices,socialinstitutions.Badcustomsshouldbeabolished.（消灭排除）eliminate:Togetridof.Weshouldeliminatethefalseandretainthetrue.（撤消废除）repeal:Tobringtoanendoftheeffectofalaworanorder.Somelawsshouldberepealed.（根除消灭）exterminate:Todestroycompletelyandwholly.Colonialismmustbeexterminated.15.破碎break:Themostgeneralone.（压碎压破）crush:Topresstogetherviolentlyastobreak,todestroyitsshapebysqueezingit.Itsuggeststheeffectofgreatexternalpressure.Thetreefellontopofthecarandcrushedit.（打碎）smash:Tobreakthoroughlytopieceswithacrushingsound.Shedroppedtheplateandsmashedit.（打裂）crack:Tobreakwithoutseparationofparts.Itsuggeststhebreakingoutacrossasurface.Hecrackedthewindowbyleaningagainstit.（破裂）burst:Tobreakopenbypressurefromwithin.Thefireworksburstwhiletheywereintheair.（砸碎破碎）shatter:Tobreakintopieces.Itsuggeststhebreakingupofathinsurface.Theglasswasshatteredtopieces.（撞坏）crash:Torefertothevehiclewhichhitssomethingandisbadlydamaged.16.环境形势（环境形势）conditions:Thelocationandotherfactorslikelytoaffectit.Itsuggestssomethingthathasstayedthesameforsometimeandwhichaffectsdailylifesuchasfood,work,andhouses.Wearenowstudyingtheeconomicconditionsinthedevelopingcountries.（形势）situation:Apositionorstateataparticulartime,setofconditions,facts,andeventshavinganeffectonaperson,society,etc.Itsuggestsmoregeneralmatterssuchasgovernmentplanningandfinance.Thepoliticalsituationinthesecountriesarealwayschanging.（环境周围外界）environment:Thecircumstances,thingsandconditionsthatinfluenceyou.Itreferstospiritaspect,physicalaspectandmaterialaspect.Wemusttrytobeautifyourenvironment.（形势情况）circumstance（s）:Asituationoreventaroundus,acertainkindofatmosphere,theconditionsthataffectwhathappens.in（under）thecircumstances（环境周围事物）surrounding（s）:Theareaandenvironmentaroundaplaceorperson.Itindicatesaverynarrowcondition,"physically"sometimesreflectsspiritualaspect.Theylivedinhostilesurroundings.17.著名的well-known:（infl）famous:Themostgeneralone.widelyknownorhonored.（杰出的知名的）distinguished:Great,outstandingmarkedbyexcellentqualityordeservedfame,usedespeciallyofpeoplewhoarefamousforseriousworkinscience,theartsetc.Hewasadistinguishedwriter.（驰名的）celebrated:Famous,（substituteforrenowned）Itrefersobjectivelytosborsomethingthathasbeengiveacclaimorhonouredwithawardsorprizes.Shewasacelebratedactress.renowned:Highlyhonoredandfamousforsomethinggood.oftenreferstoplacesorthings,alsoItsuggestssomethingthathasbecomelegendaryorisnolongeravailableforanobjectiveevaluation.Edisonwasrenownedforhisinventions.noted:Well-knownandadmiredItoftendescribesamoreintellectualkindofeffortandaccomplishmentindicatinganauthorityorexpertortheirtheories.Maybeitisnotwidelyknowntothegeneralpublic.Hewasaverynotedexpert.（臭名昭著）notorious:Famousforsomethingbad.Heisnotoriousforhiscrimes.18.强盗thief:Themostgeneralone.（强盗）robber:Itsuggestsadirectconfrontationinwhichtheownerisforcedtogiveuphisvaluables.（行凶强劫）mugger:Apersonwhoattacksandrobspeopleinastreetorinalift.burglar:Apersonwhobreaksintoahouseatnighttostealsomething.（歹徒暴徒）gangster:Amemberofagroupofcriminals,esp.thosewhoarearmedandusegunstothreaten.（匪徒）bandit:anarmedrobber.Itsuggestsanorganizedgroupinaruralsetting.（土匪）brigand:Arobberwholivesbyrobbingtravelersinthecountry.（海盗）pirate:Apersonwhorobsonthesea.19.摇动,颤动shake:Themostgeneralone.tomoveupanddownorbackandforth.Itreferstopersonsorthings.（发抖）quiver:Totremblealittle.Itsuggestsarapidbutinvisiblevibration.Hislipsquiveredwithemotion.（颤抖）tremble:Toshakeuncontrollablyandslightlyasfromfear,cold,excitementetc.Itimpliesuneasinessandnervousness.Hervoicetrembledasshebegantosing.（瞬间发抖）shiver:Totremblefromfearorcold.Itsuggestsaslightandrapidmovement.Hestoodshiveringinthesnow.（极度颤动）quake:toshakeortrembleviolently.Itsuggestsamoreviolentandsuddenchange.Hequakedwithexcitement.Anexplosioncammakethegroundquake.（抽筋般颤动）shudder:Toshakeuncontrollablyforamovement.Itsuggestsamoreintenseshaking.Sheshudderedatthesightofasnake.20.说话谈话（说话）speak:Touseyourvoicetosaywords.（说）say:Tospeakwords.（发出声音）utter:Tomakesoundandsaywords.drawl:Tospeakinaslow,prolongedmanner.mutter:Toexpressdispleasurewithcompressedlips.rave:Totalkinanangry,uncontrolledway.gabble:Totalkrapidly,makinginarticulatesounds.（谈论）remark:Tomentionitorcommentonit.（陈述）state:Tosay,expressorputintowords,esp.formally.Hestatedhisview.（讲述）narrate:Totellformallyinwritingorspeechordescribesomethinginorderwithintonation.Henarratedhisadventureintheforest.（详述）relate:Totellformallyindetails,togiveanaccountof.Herelatedhisexperiences.（讲演）address:Tosayinspeechorwritingtoapersonorgroup.tell:Toletpeopleknowaboutsomething.talk:Tosaythingstosomeone.converse:Totalkformally.Thescholarsareconversingwitheachotheronlinguistics.chat:Totalkinafriendly,familiar,informalmanner.Thetwofriendssatinacornerandchatted.chatter:Totalkcontinuouslyrapidlyaboutsmallthings.Theschoolgirlswentalongchattering.whisper:Totalkinalowvoice.Shewhisperedmenottotalksoloudly.murmur:Tomakeasoftsound,esp.tospeakorsayinaquietvoice.Heoftenmurmurstohimself.（闲谈）gossip:Totalkaboutthedetailsofotherpeople'sactionsandprivateliveswhichmaynotcorrectorproper.Thatwomanisveryfondofgossipingaboutothers.stammer:Tospeakwithpausesandrepeatedsoundsbecauseofexcitement,embarrassment.stutter:Tospeakwithpausesandrepeatedsoundsbecauseofinherentspeechdefect.21.事情,事件（事）thing:Anevent,afact,asubject.Hetalkedofmanyinterestingthings.（事情）matter:Seththatyouhavetodealwith,somethingtobediscussed,thoughtover.Thereareseveralmatterstobedealtwithatthemeeting.（事务责任）business:Aspecialduty,somethingthathastobedone.Publicbusinessiseveryone'sbusiness.（事务）affair:Aneventorsetofconnectedevents.（pl）privateandpersonallife.Ihavemanyaffairstolookafter.（事件）event:Animportanthappening.Eventssuchasbirthdaysandanniversariesareoftencelebrated.Doyouknowthechiefeventsof1986.incident:Notasimportantasanevent.Incidentsseldomarecelebrated.Sometimesaneventbecomesanincidentaftermanyyearshavepassed.（偶然事件）happening:Anoccurrence,andsometimesanunusualone.Therehavebeenstrangehappeningsherelately.（偶发事件）occurrence:Anincidentthatisusuallyunexpectedandhasnotbeenplannedaheadoftime.Floodispracticallyanannualoccurrenceinthisdistrict.22.承认admit:Toagreetothetruthof,usu,somethingbad.Itsuggestsreluctanceorpossibleobjection.Headmittedhiscrime/stealing.（自白供认）confess:Toadmitguiltastoacrimeorastoashortcoming,inthesenseofmakingknowntoothersone'sownerrororwrongdoing.Heconfessedhisfault/doingsomethingwrong.acknowledge:toagreethetruthof,recognizethefactorexistenceofwhathavesaidordone,goodorbad.Itemphasizesopenlyinaembarrassingorawkwardandusuallynotvoluntaryway.Iacknowledgedmysignature/mistakes/errors/havingbeendefeated.grant:Toadmitortoagreesomethingistrue.Igrantedhisrequest/hishonesty.takesth/sbforgranted.concede:Toadmitastrue,justorproperoftenunwillinglybecauseofoverwhelmingevidence.Iconcededyouthatpoint,butIstillthinkyouarewrong.recognize:Toacceptoracknowledgeit.Itreferstosomethingaboutlawanddiplomacy.ThenewregimewasrecognizedbyChina.23.走路walk:Themostgeneralone.stride:Towalkwithlongsteps.Hestrodethroughthestationafewminutesbeforethetrainleft.（高视阔步）stalk:Towalkstiffly,slowly,andproudlywithlongsteps.trot:Tojog,movequickly,usureferstohorses.（蹒跚而行）waddle:Towalkfromsidetosidewithshortstepslikeaduck.Thefatmanwaddledoutoftheroom.（蹒跚）stagger:Towalkunsteadily,slideanddragthefeetalmostfallingateachstep,usuallybecauseofillness,injuryordrink.Afterdrinkingtoomuch,hestaggeredinthestreet.（摇摆蹒跚）totter:Towalkunsteadilyshowinggreatweaknessoftenusedofveryyoungchildrenlearningtowalk.Thechildtotteredbeforehisparents.（拖着脚走）shuffle:Tomovewithoutliftingthefeetclearofthefloorasifwearingslippers.Theoldmanshuffledalongtheroad.（趾高气扬地走）strutTowalkinaproudstrongway,esp.withthechestoutandtryingtolookimportant.（慢行）amble:Towalkataneasygentlerate.Itstressesaleisurelybutregularmovement.（闲逛）stroll:Towalk,esp.slowly,forpleasure.Itemphasizesaslowermovement,morewanderingandaimlesswithsuggestionsofmanystartsandpauses.Theyarestrollingthroughthispark.saunter:Alittlemoreformalthanstroll.（漫步徘徊）wander:Tomoveaboutwithoutafixedcourse,aim,orpurpose.Hewaswanderingabout/down/through/upanddownthestreet.（漫游）roam:Towanderwithasveryclearaim.Itsuggestsamoreseriouspurposebehindtheirregularofcircularmovementincompleteforgetfulnessoftime.Theloversroamedaround/throughthefields.（跋涉）trudge:Towalkheavilyandwearilywitheffortaswhenone（plod）istired.Thehunterwastrudgingthroughthedeepsnow.（重步行走）tramp:Towalkwithfirmheavysteps.Whohasbeentrampingalloverthecarpetinmuddyshoes.（扭扭捏捏地走）mince:Towalkwithlittleshortstepsinanaffectedmanner.Itwasafunnysighttoseehermincealong.slouch:Towalkinaloose,ungainly（不雅观）way.hustle:Towalkinabusy,activeway.24.跳jump:Themostgeneralone.tothrowoneselfintotheair.（跳起）leap:（literary）Tospringthroughtheair,oftenlandinginadifferentplace.Theboyleapedoverthebrookwithoutdifficulty.（跳跃）spring:Toleapsuddenlyandquickly.Hesprangtohisfeetatthesuddennoise.（跳着跑）bound:Tospringlightlyalong.Itsuggestshighspiritsandexcitement.Hisdogboundedtomeetme.（轻快地跑）skip:Tomoveinaslightdancingway,aswithquickstepsandjumps.Thelittlegirlskippedathermother'sside.hop:Tojumpononeleg.Theboyhadhurthislegandhadtohopalong.vault:Toleapoversomethingusingthehandsorapole.Youcanvaultafencebyputtingyourhandsonitandswingingyourselfover.hurdle:Tojumpoversomethingwhilerunning.Thehorsehurdledthefenceandranintothewoods.25.特点特征quality:Themostgeneralone.（特点）characteristic:Qualitytypicalofaparticularpersonandthing,aspecialandeasilyrecognizedqualityofsb/sth.Ithasmayscientificortechnicaluses.Itimpliesneutraldescriptioninreferringtoanyaspectofsomethingwithoutevaluatingitsrelativeimportancetothewhole.Ausefulcharacteristicofthecatisitsabilitytocatchandkillmice.（特征）character:Thecombinationofqualitieswhichmakeaparticularperson,thing,place,etc.AtendencynottoshowemotionsissupposedtobepartoftheBritishnationalcharacter.（性质）nature:Thequalitiesmakesomeoneorsomethingdifferentfromothers.Itindicatesthewidestrangeoftraits,includingemotional,mentalandphysicalqualities.Itisonlyhumannaturetolikemoney.（特征）attribute:Aqualitybelongingtoorformingpartofthematureofapersonorthing.Thewordispositiveratherthannegative.Darknessisanattributeofnight.（特性）peculiarity:Thequalityofbeingpeculiar,strangeness,unusualness.Itshowsanunpleasantattributethatisquitenoticeable.Oneofhispeculiaritiesisthathistwoeyesarenotthesamesize.（特色）feature:Atypicalandnoticeablepartorquality.ItsuggestssomethingpositiveandspecificallyItreferstophysicalappearance.Alakeisanimportantfeatureinthisarea.（品质特性）trait:Aparticularqualityofsb/sth.Itreferstomoreabstractattributes.Honestyanddiligencearethechieftraitsofhischaracter.（个性）personality:Thewholenatureorcharacterofaparticularperson.Itreferstothewholeindefinableemotionalcolorationthataspecificpersongivesoff.Hehasastrongpersonality.26．abide,adhere,conform,comply

这四个考试中的高频考词都有“遵守”的意思，但是它们的搭配不同。abidev.后接by表示“遵守，同意”。

Iwillabidebythedirector'decision.我将遵从主任的决定。adherev.后接to表示“遵守”。(当然adhere一词的其它意思如“坚持；粘附”也经常被考到。)

Cardriversmustadheretotherulesofdriving.汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则。conformv.后接to表示“遵守，符合”。

Allindividualsarerequiredtoconformtothelawsmadebytheirgovernments.每个人都应该遵守政府制订的法律。complyv.后接with表示“遵守，服从”，用于正式的场合。

Ourcompanycomplieswithgovernmentalregulationsonpayingtaxes.我们公司遵守政府有关纳税的规定。27．abnormal,uncommon,disordered

这三个单词都有“反常的”之意。abnormala.不正常的，反常的(但并非罕见)，指行为或现象(如气候)的异常。

Hisbodytemperaturehasbeenabnormalfor3days,thehighestpointreaching40.5degreecentigrade.他的体温三天来一直都不正常，最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度。(尽管身体发烧不正常，但生活中也时有发生。)uncommona.罕见的，不平常的，指很少经历或很少见到的状况；特别的，出色的。

HurricanesareuncommoninEngland.飓风在英国非常罕见。

Thatisuncommoninstantcoffee;ittastesgreat!那速溶咖啡质量上乘，味道好极了！disordereda.混乱的，杂乱的；(精神或身体)有病的。

Wecouldn'tunderstandherdisorderedpresentation.我们听不明白她条理不清的陈述。28．abolish,cancel,eliminate,dispose,erase,exclude,extinguish

这一组动词都有“取消，除掉”的意思。abolishv.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除；完全破坏。

Thegovernmentabolishedthetaxonalcohol.政府取消了酒税。cancelv.对预先安排的某种活动(如旅行、计划、会议等)的取消；删去(字、句)。

Themeetinghasbeencancelledbecauseoftheflu.会议由于流感而取消了。eliminatev.指消除、淘汰已经存在但是现在不需要的东西。

Thelosingteamwaseliminatedfromfurthercompetition.失利的那个队被淘汰了，不能参加下一阶段的比赛。

Thedoctorhelpedhimeliminatetoxinsfromtheintestine.医生帮助他排出肠中毒素。disposev.处理，处置；表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用。(这一点需要注意。)

Afteryourpicnic,pleasedisposeofthelitter.野餐后请清除掉垃圾。erasev.除去，擦掉，指有意识地除去字迹、声音等。

Ierasedthemusiconthetapebeforerecordingonthetapeagain.我在往磁带上录音之前先消掉了上面的音乐。excludev.排斥；排除，不包括在内，与include互为反义词。

Therestaurantexcludesanyonewhoisnotproperlydressedfromentering.衣冠不整者不得进入该餐馆。extinguishv.熄灭，扑灭(火)；使沉默，使暗淡。

Firefightersextinguishedabigfire.消防队员扑灭了大火。

29.abstract,digest,outline,summary

这一组名词都有“要点，摘要”的意思。abstractn.概要，摘要，尤其指对学术论文或法律论据作的简述。

Ihavereadtheabstractofhisbook.我已经读了他的书的概要。digestn.(篇幅较长的)摘要，文摘，它是对原文的浓缩而不是对原文的简单解释，浓缩后仍保持原文的顺序、重点和风格。

Reader'sDigest《读者文摘》outlinen.要点，大纲，概要。

Shemadeanoutlineofideasshewantedtopresentinhertalk.她把自己要谈的想法列了一个提纲。summaryn.总结，摘要，指用寥寥数语概括文章或者讲话的要点，不考虑原文的风格。30.absurd,ridiculous,silly

这一组形容词都有“愚蠢，可笑”的意思。absurda.荒谬的，可笑的，指因不符合常识、违反真理或不合逻辑而令人发笑。

Therewasanabsurdideathattheearthwasflatandmotionless.过去曾经有一种荒谬的观点认为地球呈扁平状而且静止不动。ridiculousa.荒唐可笑的，指因为愚昧无知而令人发笑并成为笑柄，含有蔑视成分。

Itisridiculoustojudgeaforeigncultureonlybyitsfood.仅仅根据一个国家的饮食来评价该国家的文化是荒唐可笑的。sillya.愚蠢的，傻的，指由于单纯或者头脑简单而显得愚蠢。

asillylittleboy傻小子31.abundant,plentiful

这两个形容词都有“充足的”之意。abundanta.(数量)充足的，常用于人、物产、资源、雨量等，含有“过多”之意。

Oilisinabundantsupplyinthiscountry.这个国家石油供应十分充裕。plentifula.丰富的，充足的，常用于食物、收获、财产等，不能用于时间、空间、思想等方面。

Eggsareplentifulatthismoment.现在鸡蛋很多。

32.accent,tone,dialect

这三个名词意思相近，容易混淆。accentn.口音，指某一地区语言的发音特征；重音。

HespeaksEnglishwithaSpanishaccent.他讲英语带有西班牙口音。tonen.语气，音调，指说话人的口气或声音的高低、轻重等。

Hespeakstohisbabyinsofttones.他用柔和的语调和他的婴儿说话。dialectn.方言，土语，地方话，指一个地区人们所使用的语言。

theYorkshiredialect约克郡方言

theSichuandialect四川方言33.access,assess

这两个词为一组“形近易混词”。accessn.接近，进入。

Thepeoplelivingintheseapartmentshavefreeaccesstothatswimmingpool.住在这些公寓里的人可以免费地进入游泳池。assessv.评估(财产，价值)。

Iassessedhowmuchitwouldcosttobuildanewapartment.我评估了一下建一套新的公寓要多少钱。34.accommodate,afford,furnish

这一组动词都有“提供”的意思。accommodatev.提供住宿、房间；适应，迎合，迁就。

Thishotelcanaccommodateupto500guests.这家饭店可供500位来宾住宿。

Thecompanyaccommodatedthecustomer'swishandsentthedeliveryovernight.公司满足了顾客的愿望，连夜将货物发了出去。affordv.负担，支付；当“提供”讲时，多用于指抽象事物的提供。

Wecan'taffordthatexpensivesportscar.我们买不起那辆昂贵的跑车。

Thetallbuildingaffordsabeautifulviewoftheocean.从这幢高楼上可以看到大海的美丽景致。furnishv.指提供生活或某种用途所需要的东西。

Readingfurnishesthemindonlywithmaterialsofknowledge,itisthinkingthatmakeswhatwereadours.阅读虽然为我们的思想提供了各种知识，然而只有思考才能将我们读到的内容变成自己的东西。35.accomplishment,attainment,achievement

这三个名词都有“成就”的意思。accomplishmentn.成功，成就；才艺，修养。

Climbingthathighmountainwasanaccomplishmentforthehikers.对于登山运动员来说，爬上了那座山就是成功。

Beingabletopaintwellisjustoneofheraccomplishments.画画得好只是她的许多才能之一。attainmentn.指学识和造诣(常用作复数)；达到，到达。

ascholarofthehighestattainments造诣极高的学者achievementn.可指抽象的“成就”，或具体的“成绩”，与accomplishment是同义词。36.accuse,charge

两个动词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。accusev.指控，控诉，与介词of连用。

Thepoliceaccusedhimoftheft.警察指控他犯有盗窃罪。chargev.可以指因为小错而受的责备，也指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。

Thepolicechargedhimwithmurder.警察指控他犯了谋杀罪。37.acquire,attain,obtain,gain,earn,achieve,secure

这一组动词都有"获得，取得"的意思，acquirev.多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于对财物等的获得，该词强调"一经获得就会长期持有"的含义。

Itisthroughlearningthattheindividualacquiresmanyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituations.正是通过学习，个人才得以获得应付各种情况的习惯做法。attainv.指经过不懈的努力获得未曾预料到的结果；也可指达到某一目标。

Thesalespersonattainedhissalesgoalforthemonth.这名销售员完成了当月的销售目标。obtainv.获得，买到，用于正式语体中。

Heobtainedthepropertywithabankloan.他通过向银行贷款买下了那份房产。gainv.指通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。

Aninvestorgainsbybuyingstocksthatgoupinvalue.投资者通过所买股票价格上涨而得利润。earnv.挣得，赢得，指因工