2019版高考英语大一轮复习模块十Unit34课下作业牛津译林版选修10

Unit3~4.单词一、核心单词1.sliden.降低；衰败；滑动.&vt.降低，衰败2.trapvt.使堕入窘境；使堕入骗局；夹住，卡住n.圈套；骗局；窘境3.weaponn.武器4.delete__vt.删去；删除5.visan.签证6.luggagen.行李7.propertyn.财富，财物；不动产8.suspectn.嫌疑犯，可疑对象vt.思疑9.requestvt.&n.要求，恳求二、阅读单词1.abortionn.打胎；(计划等)停止2.discriminatevi.&vt.鄙视；划分，鉴别3.confidentialadj.机密的；保密的4.suspension.暂令休学；暂停，缓期n5.unconsciousadj.无知觉的；未觉察到的6.offensiveadj.__冲犯的，极其厌烦的；攻击性的7.compensatevt.&vi.赔偿；给(某人)赔偿8.certificaten.证书；证明9.considerateadj.体谅的，为别人着想的10.smoothvt.使顺利；使圆滑，使平展三、拓展单词1.abruptadj.忽然的；不测的→abruptlyadv.忽然地2.bathevt.&vi.(给)沐浴→bathn.沐浴3.preventionn.预防，防备→preventvt.预防，防备4.concludevi.&vt.(使)结束；下结论；推测→conclusionn.结论；结束15.reactionn.生理反响，副作用；回应，反响→reactvi.反响，回应6.hatred.愤恨→hatevt.厌烦，仇恨n7.assessvt.评估；估量→assessmentn.评论，评估8.negotiatevt.&vi.约定；谈判→negotiationn.谈判9.additionaladj.增补的，额外的，附带的→additionn.相加；增添物10.applicantn.申请者→applyvi.申请→applicationn.申请书11.inspectvt.检查；视察→inspectionn.检查；视察Ⅱ.短语/词块1.be__harmful__to对有害2.give__a__sideways__glance向旁边瞥了一眼3.contrary__to与相反4.burst__on__the__scene忽然出现5.lose__sb__to...由于而失掉某人6.over__again再，从头7.wipe__away除去，去除8.without__permission未经允许9.refer__to波及，指的是10.in__one__way__or__another用某种方法11.in__addition别的12.join__forces合作，联合13.keepupwith跟上，不落伍14.putintoeffect使奏效，实行15.befacedwith面对，面对16.thekeyto的重点17.atahighrate以很高的速度18.up－to－datetechnology最新科技19.thebody’simmunesystem身体的免疫系统20.commitcrimeonline网上犯法21.assesstheproblemofcybercrime评估网络犯法的问题22.anincreasingnumberofsuchcase愈来愈多的这类状况23.asurveyconductedin2010在2010年进行的检查24.protecttheirconfidentialinformation保护他们的机密信息25.theonlyanswertotheproblem这个问题的独一答案Ⅲ.句式2一、补全句子1.It__is__fortunate__for__her__thatshegotbetterandisnowrestingathome.她在家歇息，身体已经痊愈，这对她来说是好运的。2.As__I__said__yesterday，myfriendsandIhavebeenplayingcomputergamesattheInternetcafe.正像我昨天所说的，我和我的朋友们向来在网吧玩电脑游戏。3.Thegovernmentisworkinghardto__controltheAidsepidemic，andhasopenedlabsto__test__and__monitorthedisease.政府正努力工作控制艾滋病传染，并已创办了实验室查验和监控这类疾病。4.Allofthismakes__it__clear__thatsomethingmustbedonetostopthisdeadlydisease.全部这全部很清楚地表示，一定采纳举措遏止这类致命的疾病。二、剖析长难句1.Eventually，thebody’simmunesystembecomessoweakthatthepersonoftenbecomesveryillfromusuallymildsicknesses.【剖析】so...that...“这样以致于”，that指引结果状语从句。【翻译】最后，人体的免疫系统变得这样柔弱以致于一些稍微的疾病都会使这个人病得很严重。2.Whileinthebeginningsomepeoplemayevenenjoyabusingdrugs，intheenddrugusersfindthemselvestrappedinaprisonfromwhichtheycannotescape.【剖析】本句是复合句，while指引退步状语从句，fromwhich指引定语从句。【翻译】只管最先一些人甚至喜爱滥用毒品，可是最后他们发现自己深陷泥潭而不可以自拔。3.Theworkofinternationalorganizationsisevenmoreimportantwhenyouconsiderhowmuchmoreseverethesituationcouldbecome.【剖析】本句是复合句，when指引时间状语从句，how指引宾语从句。【翻译】当考虑到这一局势变得那么严重时，国际组织的工作就显得更为重要了。percentofthe351biggestcompaniesandgovernmentagencieshadhadtheirsecuritysystemsbrokenintointhepreviousyear.【剖析】本句是复合句，that指引宾语从句，conductedin2010bytheComputerSecurityInstitute为过去分词短语作后置定语。【翻译】电脑安全协会在2010年进行的一项检查表示，在被检查的351家最大的企业和政府部门中，有45.6%的单位安全系统在前一年遇到入侵。31.concludevi.&vt.(使)结束；下结论；推测(1)toconclude(常用作插入语)最后；总之concludesthwithsth/bydoingsth以结束concludethat...推测出/判定；决定(2)draw/reach/arriveat/cometoaconclusion(from)(由)得出结论makeaconclusion下结论bring...toaconclusion使结束inconclusion最后①Toconclude，Aidseducationisthebestwaytoprotectourselvesfromthisterribledisease.(教材原句)In__conclusion，Aidseducationisthebestwaytoprotectourselvesfromthisterribledisease.总之，艾滋病教育是我们保护自己免遭这类可怕疾病危害的最好方式。Ourteachertoldyoutoconcludeyourspeechwithonesentence.我们的老师叫你用一句话结束你的演讲。③Weconcludedthatwherethereisawill，thereisaway.→Wecametoaconclusion(conclude)thatwherethereisawill，thereisaway.我们得出结论：有志者事竟成。reactionn.生理反响，副作用；回应，反响(1)reactionto对的反响(2)reactvi.反响，回应reactto...对作出反响/回应reactwith与起化学反响reactagainst反对；抗争reacton/upon影响；对起作用①Herresearchhasledhertofindouttwoclearlydifferentmind－setsthathaveagreateffectonhowwereacttoit.她的研究已经使她发现了两种显然不一样的心态，这两种心态对我们怎样去应付它有很大影响。②Peoplewillnotendureoppressionforever;soonerorlatertheywillreactagainstit.人民不会永久忍耐压迫，他们早晚要抗争的。4Unkindnessoftenreactson/upontheunkindperson.恶有恶报。trapvt.使堕入窘境；使堕入骗局；夹住，卡住n.圈套；骗局；窘境(1)trapsbin把某人困在中be/feeltrappedin被困在中；堕入窘境trapsbinto(doing)sth诱骗某人(做)某事(2)set/layatrap(for)(为)布好圈套；(为)下套①Whileinthebeginningsomepeoplemayevenenjoyabusingdrugs，intheenddrugusersfindthemselvestrapped(trap)inaprisonfromwhichtheycannotescape.只管最先一些人甚至喜爱滥用毒品，可是最后他们发现自己深陷泥潭而不可以自拔。Thefirefightersmanagedtosaveagirltrappedinthebigfire.Thefirefightersmanagedtosaveagirlwho__was__trapped__in__thebigfire.消防员想法救出了被困在大火中的一个女孩。Wereyoujustgoingtotrap__her__intomakingsomeadmission?你方才想诱使她招供吗？4.regardingprep.对于(1)regardv.以为；注意；留神n.尊敬，恭敬；注意；关怀regard...as..把看作in/withregardtosb/sth对于某人/某物(2)regardlessadv.不管，不加理睬regardlessof不论，不管①Regardingyourrecentadvertisement，Iamwritingtorequestfurtherdetails.→With__regard__to__yourrecentadvertisement，Iamwritingtorequestfurtherdetails.对于贵方近来的广告，现特函查问详情。Regardless(regard)ofwhathappenedyesterdayandwhatmayormaynothappentomorrow，thepresentmomentiswhereweare.不论昨天发生了什么，也不论明日可能发生或许不会发生什么，此刻才是我们关注的所在。IregardhimasoneofthemostfamousscientistsinChina.我把他看作是中国最有名的科学家之一。[名师指津]部分动词的－ing形式转变为介词的除regarding外，还有including包含；concerning对于；considering考虑到。5.suspectn.嫌疑犯，可疑对象vt.思疑(某人有罪)；思疑(某事真实或可能发生，尤指坏5事)(1)suspectthat...思疑suspectsbof(doing)sth思疑某人(做)某事suspectsb/sthtobe...思疑某人/某物为(2)suspectedadj.被思疑的，可疑的①Suspected(suspect)ofbeinginvolvedintheattemptedmurder，shewasquestionedbythepolice.被思疑参加了这起谋杀未遂案，她遇到了警察的讯问。②Whatshesaidsoundedconvincing，butIsuspectitto__be__a__lie.她说的话听起来像那么回事，但我思疑那是谎言。[名师指津]与suspectsbofsth构造同样的短语还有：①remindsbofsth提示某人某事②robsbofsth打劫某人某物③accusesbofsth指控某人某事④informsbof/aboutsth通知某人某事⑤warnsbofsth警示某人某事6.requestvt.要求，恳求n.[C]要求，恳求，需求(1)requeststhfrom/ofsb向某人要求某物requestsb(not)todosth要求某人做(不做)某事requestthat...要求(从句用虚构语气)Itis/wasrequestedthat...人们要求/恳求(从句用虚构语气)(2)atone’srequest/attherequestofsb在某人的要求下makearequestforsth/that...提出恳求要(从句用虚构语气)①WheneverIgoout，mymotherrequests__me__to__come__backbefore10o’clockatnight.不论我什么时候出去，妈妈都要求我夜晚十点从前回家。Thetwostrangersrequestedsomeoldclothesfrom/ofthevillagers.两个异村夫向村民们要了些旧衣服穿。MarymadearequestthatI__should__help(help)herwithherEnglish.玛丽要求我帮她学英语。[名师指津]request后边跟名词从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)do”构造。近似的动词还有propose，recommend，suggest，advise，require，order，demand等。7.burstonthescene忽然出现onthescene就地，在现场6come/appear/arriveonthescene出席behindthescenes奥密地，在幕后，不公然地①However，sincethediseaseburst__on__the__sceneinthe1980s，ithasbecomeaseriousproblemaroundtheworld.(教材原句)可是，自从艾滋病在20世纪80年月忽然迸发以来，它已经成为一个严重的全世界性问题。②Thestudentswereabletogobehindthescenes(scene)toseehowprogrammesweremade.学生们能够去后台，看看节目是怎么制作出来的。[名师指津]scene有“场景；场面；地址”的含义，后接定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，一般用关系副词where或inwhich来指引。③Thereporterinterviewedseveralwitnessesonthescene，where/in__whichthetrafficaccidenthappened.记者采访了几位在交通事故现场的目睹者。wipeaway除去，去除；(用手或布)擦净①Whiletheycannotwipeawaythestainofthepast，theycancertainlymoveforward.只管他们不可以除去过去的污点，但他们一定能够持续生活下去。Onlyinthiswaycanwewipeouttheenemytroops.只实用这样的方法我们才能消灭敌军。IhastilywipedupthemilkIhadspilled.我连忙把洒出来的牛奶擦洁净。9.putintoeffect使奏效，实行(1)haveaneffecton/upon对产生影响bring/carry/oeffect实行；使奏效/起作用comeintoeffect/takeeffect奏效ineffect事实上；实质上sideeffect副作用(2)effectiveadj.有效的；有影响的Globalwarmingishavingagreateffecton/uponhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld.全世界变暖正在对全世界数以百计的动植物物种产生重要影响。7②It’sreportedthatthisregulationwillcomeintoeffectfromSeptember1，2019.据报导本章程自2019年9月1日起奏效。③Oneofthemosteffective(effect)waystoreducestressistotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.减少压力最有效的方法之一就是与你相信的人聊聊感觉。10.It__is__fortunateforherthatshegotbetterandisnowrestingathome.她在家歇息，身体已经痊愈，这对她来说是好运的。本句为“Itis/was＋adj.＋that...”句型，此中it为形式主语，真实的主语为that引导的从句。常有it代替后边的从句作形式主语的句式有：(1)Itis＋adj.(clear，apparent，obvious，possible，probable，likely，certain，natural...)＋that从句(谓语动词用陈说语气)(2)Itis＋n.(apity，ashame，one’sduty，nouse，nogood，nowonder，nosurprise...)＋that从句(谓语动词用陈说语气)(3)Itis＋p.p.(said，believed，known，recorded，estimated，announced，expected...)＋that从句(谓语动词用陈说语气)(4)It＋不及物动词(happen，occur，appear，seem...)＋that从句(谓语动词用陈说语气)It__was__obvious__thattherewasconflictbetweenaccountsofthewitnessesforthemurdercase.很显然谋杀案证人的描绘前后矛盾。It__was__a__pity__thatyoumissedsuchagoodlectureabouttherobotsinthefuture.你错过了一场这么好的对于将来机器人的报告真是惋惜。It__is__reported__thatnopassengerswereinjuredintheaccident.据报导，在此次事故中没有乘客受伤。[课下作业]Ⅰ.单词拼写1.The__artificial(人造的)heartresultedfromexperimentsonthespaceshuttle.2.It’sdifficulttoassess(评估)theeffectsofthesechanges.3.Heresignedafterbeingsuspected(思疑)oftheft.4.Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipe(擦掉)thesweatfromhisforehead.5.Sheisalwayspoliteandconsiderate(体谅的)towardsheremployees.6.Theteacherwalkedaroundinspecting(检查)theirwork.7.Nothingcancompensate(赔偿)forthelossofalovedone.8.Thismorning，hewasinformedthathehadtonegotiate(谈判，磋商)withanimportant8company.9.Shewassmoothing(弄平)outahandkerchiefwhenIwentin.10.Theteacher’s__abrupt(忽然)endingspeakingcanmakesomestudentsfocustheirattentionontheirlistening.11.Thefamily’sreaction(反响)tothenewswasalwaysacombinationofshockandjoy.12.Heconcluded(结束)thediscussionbythankingeveryoneforattending.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Contrarytothedoctor’sinstructions，hewentbacktowork.2.Whenwearefacedwithachallenge，weusuallyhavetwochoices.3.Trapped(trap)intheruins，thegirlstillworeasmile，waitingtoberescued.4.It’sreportedthatthegovernmentwillprovideanadditional(addition)￡25milliontoexpandtheservice.5.Wecancometotheconclusion(conclude)thatnothingissopreciousasfreedomintheworld.6.Allmembersoftheclubarerequestedto__attend(attend)theannualmeeting.7.Hedidn’tbelieveitandevenreactedstronglyagainstme.8.Theenemysetatrapforhim，butheavoideditperfectly.9.Regardlessofanyone’sviewonthesubject，it’shardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutdailyadvancementsintechnology.10.Thebosssuspectedhimoftakingthecomputerawayfromthecompany.11.Anydifferencesbetweenthegroupsweresoonsmoothedaway.12.Ninepeoplediedonthesceneandonemorepersondiedinhospitalinthecarcrash.Ⅲ.达成句子1.Hewiped__away__the__sweatfromhisbrowwiththebackofhishand.他用手背擦掉了额头上的汗水。2.Thefilmwhichshesawtheotherdayhad__quite__an__effect__on__her.前天看的这部电影对她的影响极大。3.Sheset__a__trap__for__himandhewalkedstraightintoit.她给他设下骗局，他却径直钻了进去。4.Thecompany’spositionwith__regard__toovertimeismadeclearintheircontracts.企业对于加班的立场在合同中有明确说明。5.It’s__natural__thatteachersarestrictwiththeirstudents.9老师对学生要求严格是很自然的事。6.As__is__known__to__us__all，theDiaoyuIslandsbelongtoChina.垂钓岛属于中国，这是我们每一个人都知道的。Ⅳ.阅读理解AAhealthywayofleadingalifeisthroughkeepingyourheartclean.Thefoodintakeandexercisesyouperformtokeepyourhearthealthyandcleanareveryimportant.Itisafactthatmanystrive(努力)toleadahealthylifestylebystickingtostrictdiets.But，somehowwefailtorefuseourfavorite“packagedfoods”.Thesefoodsarenotjustharmfulbutcanhaveasevereeffectonhealthinthelongrun.Heartisoneofthemostimportantandsensitivepartsofahumanbody.Itplaysamajorroleinsupplyingfreshbloodtotheentirebodythatkeepsushealthyandnormal.Therefore，itisveryimportantforustofollowcertainhealthyroutinestokeepourhearthale(强健的)andhealthy.Hereareafewsimpletipsthatwillhelpyoukeepahealthyheart：Physicalhealth：ExerciseregularlyOneofthemostbasictipsistoexerciseregularly.Obesepeopleareeasiertohaveheart－relateddiseasesthanapersonofnormalweight.Dailyexercisecutsextrafatstoredinthebody，especiallyaroundyourwaistline.Thishelpspreventheart－relateddiseases.MaintaincorrectweightManyofustrytoreducelotsofweightwithawrongassumptionthatbeingoverweightleadstoheartdiseases.Butthefactisthat，eventhinpeoplearelikelytosufferfromheart－relateddiseases.Oneshouldmaintainasteadyweightandavoidtryingtoreduceweightunnecessarily.Dietfactors：AvoidpackagedfoodsInordertopreventheartdiseases，oneshouldavoid“packagedfoods”.Anythingthatcomesinapackagedorprocessedformshouldbecompletelyavoided.These“packagedfoods”notonlycontainstoredfatbutalsoarehighinoxidants(氧化剂)becauseoftheprocessingcycle.CutdownonsugarThiscouldbeverydifficulttobeacceptedbypeoplewithasweettooth.Consumingahighlevelofsugaroneverydaybasisrisksnotonlythechancesofgettingaffectedbydiabetes，butalsoheartdiseases.Itisbettertoreplace10sugarwitheithercrystalsugarorbrownsugar.【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。心脏是人体最重要和最敏感的器官之一，保护好意脏对于人们防病治病、健康长寿有侧重要的意义。1.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheheart?A.Itiseasytobeinfectedwithvirus.B.Itprovidesfreshbloodforyourbody.C.It’soneofthemostsensitiveorgans.D.Ithasanimportanteffectonyourhealth.答案A[细节理解题。依据第一段第8行的“Heartisoneofthemost...thatkeepsushealthyandnormal”可知，心脏是人体最重要和最敏感的部分之一，它为浑身供给使我们保持健康和正常的新鲜血液。故B、C、D三项表述正确，应选A。]2.Ifthefoodishighinoxidants，________.A.itmaymakeyougetaffectedbydiabetesB.itwillraiseyourbloodpressuregraduallyC.itmaymakeyouputonweightsuddenlyD.itwillprobablydoharmtoyourhealth答案D[推理判断题。依据文中内容可知，包装食品含有高脂肪和大批氧化剂，所以作者建议不食用包装食品。由此可知氧化剂可能对身体有害。]3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Harmfuleffectsofheartdiseases.B.Healthywaystopreventheartdiseases.C.Greatbenefitsofpossessingahealthyheart.D.Importantrelationshipsbetweenheartsandroutines.答案B[要旨粗心题。这是一篇应用文，文章主要讲的是拥有健康心脏的方法。“Hereareafew...heart”亦是提示。]BTheoldChinesesaying“ashappyasspendingtheNewYear”mightbeoutdatednowinthebusymodernworld.TheSpringFestivalisregardedasthemostimportantfestivalforChinesepeopleandanoccasionforallfamilymemberstogettogether，likeChristmasintheWest.ButmanytraditionalcustomsaccompanyingtheSpringFestival，however，haveweakenedinpractice.11SettingofffireworkswasoncethemosttypicalcustomoftheSpringFestival.Peoplethoughtthesputtering(爆裂)soundcouldhelpdriveawayevilspirits.However，theactivityhasbeencompletelyorpartiallyforbiddeninbigcitiesforyearsasthegovernmenthastakensecurity，noiseandpollutionfactorsintoconsideration.“Inrecentyears，somecitieshavebeguntoallowpeopletolightfireworksduringlimitedhoursattheSpringFestival，surrenderingto(屈服于)publicdemand.Respectingfolktraditionsisagestureofrespecttowardpublicopinion，”saidZhouXing，afolkloreresearcher.“Aspeoplegainmoreincomeanditbecomeseasiertobuydailygoods，theNewYearholidayisjustlikeanyother.Afterlongworkdays，manypeopleusetheNewYearholidaytotakearest，ratherthanvisitingfriendsandneighbors.TheprocessofmakingandenjoyingthefamilydinneronSpringFestivalEveisthemostimportantthing.However，manyfamilieswouldliketoeatouttosavetimeandenergy，”saidLiShunzhi，aresidentofHarbin，Heilongjiang.“Ienjoytheholidaysverymuchinthecountryside.MyfamilyhasbeenpreparingfortheSpringFestivalmorethantwoweeksbeforetheholiday，cleaningthehouse，buyingholidaygoodsanddecoratingthehousewithpaper－cuttings.OnNewYear’sEve，thewholefamilystaysuptoseetheNewYearin，andinthedaystofollow，aseriesofactivitiessuchasliondancing，dragonlanterndancing，lanternfestivalsandtemplefairswillbeheld.Wit