2019版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit1Friendship(含解析)新人教版必修1

Unit1Friendship李仕才一、阅读理解。GoldenGateBridgeLocatedinSanFrancisco，theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin1937.Itcostmorethan$35millionintheconstruction.Tilltheyear1957，theGoldenGateBridge，atalengthof2,737meters,wasthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.TheBrooklynBridgeislocatedinBrooklyn.ItisoneoftheoldestbridgesintheUnitedStates，openedintheyear1883.Thelengthofthebridgeis1,825meters.ThebridgehasbeenfeaturedinseveralHollywoodmovies.GeorgeWashingtonBridgeAlsoknownastheHudsonRiverBridge，theGeorgeWashingtonBridgewhichconnectsFortLeetoManhattancameintousein1931afteraconstructionperiodofalmost4years.Itisatwo-levelsuspensionbridge.MackinacBridgeThisisthethirdbiggestsuspensionbridgeintheworldatalengthof8,038．Steinmanwhodirectedtheconstructionofthebridgewhichstartedintheyear1954andopenedtothepublicin1957.Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.NavajoBridgeLocatedinArizona，thisbridgecrossestheColoradoRiverandisalmost250meterslong.Theconstructionofthisbridgestartedintheyear1927，endingtwoyearslater，costing$390,000.Inthe1990sasecondbridgewasbuiltwhichwasopenedtothepublicin1995.Thefirstbridgeisstillusedbypedestriansnow.1．WhatdoweknowabouttheGoldenGateBridge?A．Itconsistsoftwobridges.B．Itcoststheleastofthefivebridges.C．Itisthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.D．Ittakesabout4yearstocompletetheconstruction.2．Whichofthefollowingbridgeswasbuilttheearliest?A．GoldenGateBridge.B．BrooklynBridge.C．GeorgeWashingtonBridge.D．NavajoBridge.3．WhatwillyoudoifyoudriveacrossMackinacBridge?A．Havetopaysomemoney.B．Usethesecondbridge.C．Covernearly250meters.D．SeethestatueofDr.DavidB．Steinman.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国五座有名的大桥。1．D考察推理判断。依据第一段中的“theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin1937”可推知，金门大桥的建筑时间约有四年，故D项正确。2．B考察细节理解。由题干重点词“wasbuilttheearliest”定位到每座大桥的建筑时间；依据文中各座大桥的建筑时间可知，布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥，故B项正确。3．A考察细节理解。依据第四段尾句“Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney”可知，使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取必定量的钱，故A项正确。二、单句语法填空1．ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartment________Ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.答案：that本句是重申句。被重申部分是时间状语，故应填that。2．Lilycan'tfallasleep,extremely________(concern)abouttheresultofhermathstest.答案：concerned短语beconcernedabout...“担忧，牵挂”，本句中逗号后没有连词，故逗号后的部分为状语，此处应用形容词短语作陪伴状语。3．It'snopleasure________(go)campingonsuchafoggyday.答案：goingIt'snopleasuredoingsth.“做某事没有乐趣”。4．Thelittleboyiscleverenoughtohavenotrouble________(find)hishousewithoutothers'help.答案：findinghavenotroubledoingsth.“做某事没困难”。5．Therewasno________(agree),andtheproposalwasaccepted.答案：disagreement由形容词no可知，本空应填名词，再由后一分句“建议被接受了”可知，应填名词disagreement。6．Hehappened________(know)thesecret,soIneedn'ttellhim.22答案：tohaveknownhappentodosth.“刚巧做某事”，再由后一并列分句“没有必需告诉他”可知，前一分句谓语部分应用不定式的达成式。7．Hesethisalarmclockbeforegoingtobedinorder________(get)upearlierthanusualthenextmorning.答案：togetinordertodosth.“为了做某事”。8．Severalweekshadgoneby________theyknewthepaintingwasmissing.答案：beforebefore指引的时间状语从句，表示“在从前”，从句常用一般过去时，主句用过去达成时。9．While________(wait)forthebusbytheroadside,Ifoundawalletontheground.答案：waiting时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语部分含有be动词，故从句中省略主语和be动词，填waiting。whilewaiting可看作是whileIwaswaiting的省略。10．Thewindowshaven'tbeencleanedforatleastayearandare________(dust)now.答案：dustydusty“脏的，充满灰尘的”，是形容词，在此处作表语。三、完形填空。Ahomelessmanwalkeduptomeandaskedmeforsomesmallchange,“I’llgiveyouaquarterifyoutellmeyourstory,”Isaid.Helaughed,“You’llgivemeaquarterformystory?’Ilaidthe1infrontofhimand2myself—“No,here’sthequarterbutitwouldbenicetohearyourstory.”Seeinghimlostin3,Isatdownnexttohimandwaited.“Iwasonceasniper(狙击手)inthearmy.”hesaid.“Iwas4toshootdowntheenemyfromthedistance.”Ilistenedattentivelyashe5hisstory.Hetoldmehowhe6tohuntwithhisfamilyandwasreallygoodatit.Hehadhisown7torespectinganimalsbynotkillingmorethanbeneeded.Whenthearmycameknockingonhisdoor,hefelt8andjoinedup.Allthoseyearsofdevelopinghishuntingskillscouldnowservealarger9—todefendusfromthebadguys.Hesetoutto10atthefront.“IwasasniperbutIneverreallykilledanyone.”hecontinued.“Onedaytheyaskedmeto11aladyfromthedistance.Isawthekidsnearherandmyhandswereonthetrigger(扳机).ButI3couldn’t12it.Shewasn’tdoinganythingtoanyoneandshewas13thekids—Icouldn’tseethroughmytears.Itjustdidn’tmakeany14tome.”Thestorywentonashedescribed15beingputintoprisonfor180daysfor16tofolloworders.“Ihaveno17,”hesaid.“Imaybehomelessnow,18Ineverkilledthatlady.”Hecontinued,“Icanlivewithbeinghomeless,butIwouldn’tbeabletostandkilling19people.”OnthatlonelyFridaynight,Imetahero.Itjustnever20tomethataherocouldbeasmellyoldsniper.语篇解读：本文介绍了一位曾在队伍服役的狙击手的故事。狙击手在一次战斗中由于拒绝执行枪杀一位带着孩子的妇女的命令，被判处180天监管。出狱后却找不到工作，沦为街头乞丐。可是他却向来不懊悔自己的行为。他是一位真实的英豪。1.A.noteB.coinC.dollarD.wallet【答案】BD.rescued【答案】C【分析】A.blamed责怪；B.recommend介绍；C.corrected更正，纠正；D.rescued救援，援救。此处指作者意识到自己做错了(指把钱放在那个无家可归的人的前面的地上)，就连忙更正(从下文所说的话，作者是把钱递给了那个无家可归的人)。C.considerationD.thought【答案】D【分析】A.argument争辩；B.action行动；C.consideration考虑；D.thought想法。lostinthought“堕入深思”。D.determined【答案】B【分析】A.observed察看；B.supposed假设；C.reminded提示，使想起；D.determined44决定。besupposedto应当，被希望。此处指“希望我能从远处开枪击倒仇敌”。C.countedonD.fixedon【答案】A【分析】A.expandedon详尽论述，进一步论述；B.checkedon检查，检查；C.countedon盼望，依靠，依靠；D.fixedon确立，决定。这儿是说“详尽论述他的故事，即睁开他的故事”。6.A.desiredB.wishedC.failedD.used【答案】D【分析】A.desired盼望；B.wished希望；C.failed失败；D.used使用。此处狙击手讲过去的事，usedto过去经常。7.A.methodB.meansC.wayD.approach【答案】DD.confused【答案】B【分析】A.annoyed烦忧的；B.honored荣耀的；C.astonished惊讶的；D.confused疑惑的。上文说“队伍来征兵时(thearmycameknockingonhisdoor转义为队伍来征兵)”，说明他想从军，感觉从军很荣耀，因此就从军了。C.purposeD.result【答案】C【分析】A.group组；B.business商业；C.purpose目的；D.result结果。此处指多年的军队练习使他能实现更大的目的，保护人民。10.A.serveB.huntC.aimD.survive【答案】A5【分析】A.serve服务；B.hunt狩猎；C.aim目的在于；D.survive生计。此处指他去前线服役，为国服务。11.A.murderB.fightC.shootD.recognize【答案】C【分析】A.murder谋杀；B.fight打仗；C.shoot射杀；D.recognize认出。此处指：开枪射杀一位女士。12.A.remainB.fireC.makeD.decide【答案】C【分析】A.remain保持；B.fire点燃；C.makeit做成，成功；D.decide决定。此处指狙击手想到这位女士是无辜的，因此就没下手，没做成。应选C.13.A.besidesB.alongC.insideD.among【答案】D【分析】A.besides除外；B.along沿着；C.inside在内；D.among在中间。此处指这位女士在孩子们中间。D.sense【答案】D【分析】makesense意为“存心义”、“意思清楚”、“有道理”。此处指“射杀那位女士对我来说没有任何意义”。15.A.graduallyB.eventuallyC.deliberatelyD.desperately【答案】B【分析】A.gradually渐渐地；B.eventually最后；C.deliberately成心地；D.desperately拼死地。此处指最后他被判处180天监管。C.hesitatingD.forgetting66【答案】B【分析】A.managing管理；B.failing失败(failtodosth.没有能够做某事)；C.hesitating踌躇；D.forgetting忘掉。此处讲他被判处180天监管的原由是他没有听从命令。D.feelings【答案】CC.butD.contraryto【答案】C【分析】A.however但是，B.ratherthan而不是；C.but可是；D.contraryto和相反。前句为我此刻无家可归，后句为我没杀戮无辜者。上下文之间为转折关系，故but。however表示退步关系。19.A.considerableB.considerateC.innocentD.ignorant【答案】C【分析】A.considerable相当大(或多)的；B.considerate体谅的，谅解的，深谋远虑的；C.innocent无辜的；D.ignorant无知的。这里是说：我能够忍耐无家可归，但我不可以忍耐杀戮无辜者。D.occurred【答案】D【分析】occurtosb.某人忽然想到。这里是说：我从没想到一个又老又脏的狙击手居然是个英豪。四、单句改错1．Hespokecalmtothemtryingtopouroilontroubledwatersbutitwasuseless.________________________________________________________答案：calm→calmly副词calmly“冷静地”修饰动词短语spoketo。2．Therewasatimethatthetwocountrieswereatwar.________________________________________________________7答案：that→whenTherewasatimewhen...是固定构造，意为“以前/一度/有一段时间”。3．Exactspeaking,Idisagreewithyouonthismatter.________________________________________________________答案：Exact→Exactlyexactlyspeaking为固定搭配，意为“切实地说”。4．HesaidthathehadfalleninlovewithMaryfortwoyearsandwouldgetmarriedthenextyear.________________________________________________________答案：fallen→beenbeinlovewith可与时间段连用，fallinlovewith表示瞬时动作，不可以够与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。5．Ihaveneverheardofthenamesyouaddeduptothelist.________________________________________________________答案：去掉upaddto“增添”，addupto“共计为”。依据句意去掉up。五、七选五HowtoBeMoreCreativeEveryDayCreativityisn’tsomethingyoueitherhaveordon’thave.Infact，itissomethinglikeplayingthesaxophone.1.___________Soreadontoknowhow.Bemorecurious.It’thisinyourdailylife，makesuretokeepanopenmindwhenyou’representedwithanidea，andbecuriousastowhatelseisaroundthecorner.Giveyourselfspace.Lettingeverypieceofinformationintoyourbraindragsyoufrombeingcreative.Ithelpstoleadyourthinkingpatternsawayfrompotentialdistractions（令人分心的事物），leavingmuchroomtohavecreativeideas.Trysomethingnew.Frequentthinkingpatterns，ineffect，causeyoutobemorelikelytothinkthesamethingsormakethesamedecisionsoverandoverunlessyougetoutofyour，itdoesopenupawholenewworldofthinking！5.___________Socialmediahascreatedanenvironmentwherewe’reconstantlyshownwhether88we’vesucceededintheformoflikesorcomments，whichleadsustodoubtourselves.However，creativityisajourney，andyou’relearningever