湖南省师范大学附属中学届高三英语月考试题七含解析

PAGEPAGE23湖南省师范大学附属中学2021届高三英语月考试题（七）（含解析）本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共14页。时量120分钟。满分150分。第一部分听力技能（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试题卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试题卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.₤19.15.B.₤9.18.C.₤9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.2.Whenwilltheconferencebegin?A.At7:30.B.At8:00.C.At9:00.3.Howoftendoesthemanworkoutnow?A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Everyotherday.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodosoon?A.Takeataxi.B.Travelbyplane.C.Gototherailwaystation.5.WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?A.Shemightwantaticket.B.Sheislookingfortheman.C.Shehasanextraticket.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whichpartofthenewdesigndoesthewomanlike?A.Theredwalls.B.Thediningroom.C.Thenewfloor.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Repairthepiano.B.Haveameal.C.Listentolivemusic.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atatheater.B.Ataschool.C.Attheman'shome.9.Whatdoesthewomanseemtothinkaboutdrummers?A.They'readmirable.B.Theyaren'tverytalented.C.Theyarethebestmusicians.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Moveherhouse.B.Gotoworktogether.C.Confirmtheappointment.11.WhoisMs.Jones?A.Aroommateofthewoman.B.Ataxidriver.C.Aformercolleagueoftheman.12.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofMs.Jones?A.Punctual.B.Serious.C.Considerate.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anoldpeople'shome.B.Aplantodonatemoney.C.Awaytoearnextramoney.14.Whydoesthemanneedmoneyatthebeginningofthemonth?A.Tobuyfood..B.Topurchasebooks.C.Topayforentertainment.15.WhatdoesMr.Dawkinsoftentalkaboutbeforehisclasses?A.History.B.Finance.C.Basketball.16.Howmuchmoneywillthewomandonatetotheoldpeople'shomealtogether?A.$100.B.$200.C.$300.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Visitors.B.Performers.C.Workers.18.Whatplacesdovisitorsoftenaskfor?A.Publictelephonesandthestage.B.Toiletsandpublictelephones.C.Toiletsandthefirstaidtent.19.Whatisinthecentreofthemainarea?A.CampsiteOne.B.Thestaffmeetingpoint.C.Thevisitors'meetingpoint.20.Whereisthemainsecurityoffice?A.Acrossfromthedisabledviewingarea.B.BehindtheOldeEnglandPub.C.Neartheentrance.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASEEDMadagascarVolunteerWhetheryourpassionissustainablecommunitydevelopmentorvitalconservationwork,wecanofferyouanunforgettableexperience.Noparticularskillsarerequiredtovolunteerinashorttermwithusandtrainingisgivenlocally,butifyoudohaveparticularexperienceinareasrelevanttoyourprogram,allthebetter!.Whoit'sforHighschoolers,universityandcollegestudents,corporateteambuildinggroupsareallwelcome.Ataglance●Programlength:2-4weeks●Startdates:flexible,pleasediscusswithourteam●Groupsize:10一30participants●Activities:construction/conservation/Englishteaching-combinedasrequired●Location:SaintLuce,Anosyregion,SoutheastMadagascarWhat'sincluded●TransportcostsforthedurationoftheprogramfromDay1collectionatFortDauphinairporttodrop-offattheprogram'send●Useofourbeautifulcampsitesandfacilities●Allmealswhileonprogram(OptionalmealsoutatFortDauphinrestaurantsareextra.)●Fulltrainingforbuildingandconstructiontasksandconservationfieldresearchtechniques●MalagasylanguagelessonsAdditionalcostsInternationalflights(returnfromtheUK)₤680—₤1,000Internalflights(returnfromAntananarivotoFortDauphin)₤280—₤400Comprehensivetravelinsurance₤60—₤150Touristvisa₤20Medicalpreparations₤30—₤80Personalequipment₤0—₤100GetstartedContactustodayviaouronlineform:Onlineenquiryform1.WhatshouldyoubearinmindifyouwanttoapplyforSEEDMadagascarVolunteer?A.Itlastsforfourweeks. B.Itdoesn'thavefixedstartdates.C.Itrequiresrelevantexperience. D.Itisintendedforhighschoolstudents.2.Whichofthefollowingisprovidedwithoutextracharge?A.Comprehensivetravelinsurance.B.Conservationfieldresearchtechniques.C.Short-termtrainingfordifferentlanguages.D.TransportfromAntananarivotoFortDauphin.3.HowmuchdotwoparticipantspayfortheInternationalflightsatleast?A.₤560. B.₤680. C.₤1,360. D.₤2,000.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是一个招募志愿者的广告。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Ataglance部分中的“Startdates：flexible，pleasediscusswithourteam”（开始日期：灵活的，请与我们的团队讨论。）可知，这个项目的起始日期很灵活，是不固定的。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据What'sincluded部分中的“Fulltrainingforbuildingandconstructiontasksandconservationfieldresearchtechniques”（全建筑施工任务和保护领域研究技术的全面培训。）可知，实地考察研究技术培训是包含在正常费用里的。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Additionalcosts部分中的“Internationalflights（return-fromtheUK）”及其价格区间£680—£1,000可知，两个人至少需要付1360英镑。故选C。BSomepeoplegetmoreunwillingtotakerisksastheyearsgoby.NotGailMacCallum,whoatage40quitasecurejobandleftthecityshehadenjoyedherwholeadultlifetostepintotheunknown.MacCallumspentherformativeyearsinafarmhousewithoutelectricityandenjoyedthefreedomofthenaturalworld.Duringheradultlife,shemovedthroughseveraljobsbeforefindinghercallinginbookpublishingandthenmagazines.OnedaysheandherpartnerIanConnellanwereonaholidayonHobart,enjoyingthechancetogetclosetowildlife,whentheyranintosomefriends-of-friends,whoaskedthemtodinner.Thenextday,recallsMacCallum,“Theysaid,‘Wethinkyoushouldbuyourhouse.’”WithnointentionofuprootingtheirlivessheandConnellanthoughtthiswas“entirelyridiculous",yettheygotreallyexcitedtalkingaboutthepossibilitiessuchamovemightpresent.“Atlast,”wesaid,“Let'sgiveitago.”TheyresignedfromtheirjobsandmovedtoHobart.Bothofthemarebravetravelerswhohadspenttimewithscientistsworkinginvariousremotespotsaroundtheworld.Theywonderediftheycouldmakealivingbyhelpingotherstoexperiencethoseuniqueplacesforthemselves.ThencamethenewcompanyCuriousTraveler.“Itworksbrilliantly.Scientistsgethelpersandfunding.Guestsgettoseewhatscientistsdoandhowtheworldischangingbecauseofit.Theyleave,excitedandinspired,”MacCallumsays.Intwo-and-a-halfyears,thepairstillhavetoreplenishtheirincomeswithsomewritingandediting,butthebusinessisgrowingandwithinfiveyearstheyhopetobehelpingfundhalfadozenresearchprojects.Itisabigtask.“Somedayswethinkitwouldbegreattoturnitoff,”MacCallumsays,“butwhenweseethewonderonthefaceofapersonwhoisexperiencingsomewhereliketheGalapagosforthefirsttime,weknowwearelivingawonderfullife.”4.WhatcausedMacCallumandConnellantogiveuptheirjobs?A.Acasualofferfromsomefriends-of-friends. B.Theirchildhoodexperienceswithnature.C.Theirboredomwiththeirthenjobs. D.Thedesiretoprotectthewildlife.5.WhatdoesMacCallumandConnellan'scompanydo?A.Itpromotestourisminremoteplaces.B.Itgetscourageoustravelerstoexploretheworld.C.Itorganizestripstoplacesofscientificresearch.D.Ithelpsscientistsfindproperspotsforresearch.6.WhatmainlyinspiresMacCallumandConnellantokeepgoing?A.Theirdreamforaboomingbusiness. B.Thefinancialgainfromtheirwork.C.Theprospectofresearchprograms. D.Thesatisfactionoftheircustomers.7.Theunderlinedword“replenish"inParagraph4means_________.A.consume B.supply C.reduce D.control【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了MacCallum和Connellan放弃了稳定的工作，搬到一个新的地方，创立了自己的公司来让游客去做科研的地方旅行。4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“OnedaysheandherpartnerIanConnellanwereonaholidayonHobart,enjoyingthechancetogetclosetowildlife,whentheyranintosomefriends-of-friends,whoaskedthemtodinner.Thenextday,recallsMacCallum,“Theysaid,‘Wethinkyoushouldbuyourhouse.’”WithnointentionofuprootingtheirlivessheandConnellanthoughtthiswas“entirelyridiculous",yettheygotreallyexcitedtalkingaboutthepossibilitiessuchamovemightpresent.“Atlast,”wesaid,“Let'sgiveitago.”(一天，她和她的伴侣IanConnellan在霍巴特度假，享受着接近野生动物的机会，这时他们遇到了一些朋友的朋友，他们邀请他们共进晚餐。MacCallum回忆说，第二天，“他们说，‘我们觉得你应该买我们的房子’。”她和Connellan并没有打算搬离他们的生活，但他们认为这“太荒谬”，但他们真的很兴奋地谈论着这一举动可能带来的可能性。“最后，”我们说，“让我们试一试吧。”)”可知，是朋友的朋友这一不经意的提议使MacCallum和Connellan放弃了稳定的工作。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theywonderediftheycouldmakealivingbyhelpingotherstoexperiencethoseuniqueplacesforthemselves.ThencamethenewcompanyCuriousTraveler.“Itworksbrilliantly.Scientistsgethelpersandfunding.Guestsgettoseewhatscientistsdoandhowtheworldischangingbecauseofit.Theyleave,excitedandinspired,”MacCallumsays.(他们想知道是否可以通过帮助他人亲身体验这些独特的地方来谋生。然后就成立了一个新的CuriousTraveler公司。“它非常奏效。科学家得到帮助和资助。游客们可以看到科学家们做了什么，以及世界是如何因此而改变的。他们带着兴奋和灵感离开了。”)”可知，MacCallum和Connellan的公司组织游客去做科研的地方旅行。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Somedayswethinkitwouldbegreattoturnitoff,"MacCallumsays,“butwhenweseethewonderonthefaceofapersonwhoisexperiencingsomewhereliketheGalapagosforthefirsttime,weknowwearelivingawonderfullife.”(MacCallum说：“有时候我们觉得把它关掉会很好，但当我们看到一个人第一次体验像加拉帕戈斯群岛这样的地方时脸上的惊奇，我们知道我们生活得很美好。”)”可推知，主要是顾客的满意度激励着MacCallum和Connellan坚持下去。故选D。【7题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“theirincomeswithsomewritingandediting,butthebusinessisgrowingandwithinfiveyearstheyhopetobehelpingfundhalfadozenresearchprojects”可知，在两年半的时间里，这对夫妇仍然需要通过一些写作和编辑来补给他们的收入，但他们的业务正在增长，他们希望在五年内为六个研究项目提供资金。故画线词意思是“补给”。A.consume消耗；B.supply补给；C.reduce减少；D.control控制。故选B。CProfessorAshokGoelofGeorgiaTechdevelopedanartificiallyintelligentteachingrobot,Knowledge-BasedArtificialIntelligence,tohelphandletheenormousnumberofstudentquestionsintheonlineclass.ThisonlinecourseisacorerequirementofGeorgiaTech'sonlineMasterofScienceinComputerScienceprogram.ProfessorGoelalreadyhadeightteachingassistants,butthatwasn'tenoughtodealwiththeoverwhelmingnumberofdailyquestionsfromstudents.Manystudentsdropoutofonlinecoursesbecauseofthelackofteachingsupport.Whenstudentsfeelisolatedorconfusedandreachoutwithquestionsthatgounanswered,theirmotivationtocontinuebeginstotaperoff.ProfessorGoeldecidedtodosomethingtoremedythissituationandhissolutionwastocreateavirtualassistantnamedJillWatson,whichisbasedontheIBMWatsonplatform.GoelandhisteamdevelopedseveralversionsofJillWatsonbeforereleasinghertotheonlineforums.Atfirst,thevirtualassistantwasn'ttoogreat.ButGoelandhisteamsourcedtheonlinediscussionforumtofindallthe40,000questionsthathadeverbeenaskedsincetheclasswaslaunched.ThentheybegantofeedJillwiththequestionsandanswers.Aftersomeadjustmentsandsufficienttime,Jillwasabletoanswerthestudents'questionscorrectly97%ofthetime.Thevirtualassistantbecamesoadvancedandrealisticthatthestudentsdidn’tknowshewasacomputer.Thestudents,whowerestudyingartificialintelligence,wereinteractingwiththevirtualassistantandcouldn'ttellitapartfromarealhumanbeing.Goeldidn’tinformthemaboutJill'strueidentityuntilApril26.Thestudentswereactuallyverypositiveabouttheexperience.ThegoalofProfessorGoel’svirtualassistantnextyearistotakeoveranswering40%ofallthequestionsposedbystudentsontheonlineforum.ThenameJillWatsonwill,ofcourse,changetosomethingelsenextsemester.ProfessorGoelhasamuchrosieroutlookonthefutureofartificialintelligencethan,say,ElonMusk,StephenHawking,BillGatesorSteveWozniak.8.WhatdowelearnaboutKnowledge-BasedArtificialIntelligence?A.Itisarobotthatcananswerstudents’questions.B.Itisacoursedesignedforstudentstolearnonline.C.Itisahigh-techdevicethatreformsteaching.D.Itisacomputerprogramthataidsstudentlearning.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“taperoff”inParagraph2referto?A.Growdramatically. B.Increasesharply. C.Decreasegradually. D.Declinerandomly.10.HowdidthestudentsfeelaboutJillWatson?A.Incapable. B.Useful. C.Incredible. D.Universal.11.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Arobotgivesanonlinecourse.B.ArtificialIntelligencewillreplacehumansinonlineclasses.C.Virtualassistantisgettingpopularoncampus.D.ProfessorGoelofGeorgiaTechappliesavirtualteachingassistant.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了佐治亚理工学院的阿肖克·戈埃尔教授开发了一种人工智能教学机器人，这种以知识为基础的人工智能，帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的大量问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ProfessorAshokGoelofGeorgiaTechdevelopedanartificiallyintelligentteachingrobot,Knowledge-BasedArtificialIntelligence,tohelphandletheenormousnumberofstudentquestionsintheonlineclass.(佐治亚理工学院的阿肖克·戈埃尔教授开发了一种人工智能教学机器人，以知识为基础的人工智能，来帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的大量问题)”可知，以知识为基础的人工智能机器人能够回答学生的问题。故选A。9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Whenstudentsfeelisolatedorconfusedandreachoutwithquestionsthatgounanswered,theirmotivationtocontinuebeginstotaperoff.(当学生感到孤立或困惑，并提出没有得到解答的问题时，他们继续学习的动力就会开始taperoff)”及常识可知，当学生提出没有得到解答的问题时，他们继续学习的动力就会开始减弱。由此推知，划线词组与Decreasegradually意思接近。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Thestudentswereactuallyverypositiveabouttheexperience.(事实上，学生们对这次经历非常乐观)”可推知，学生们感觉虚拟助手JillWatson很有用。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“ProfessorAshokGoelofGeorgiaTechdevelopedanartificiallyintelligentteachingrobot,Knowledge-BasedArtificialIntelligence,tohelphandletheenormousnumberofstudentquestionsintheonlineclass.(佐治亚理工学院的阿肖克·戈埃尔教授开发了一种人工智能教学机器人，以知识为基础的人工智能，来帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的大量问题)”及下文介绍可知，本文主要介绍了乔治亚理工学院的戈埃尔教授开发的一种人工智能教学机器人。故选D。DThatpeopleoftenexperiencetroublesleepinginadifferentbedinunfamiliarsurroundingsisaphenomenonknownasthe“first-night”effect.Ifapersonstaysinthesameroomthefollowingnighttheytendtosleepmoresoundly.YukaSasakiandhercolleaguesatBrownUniversitysetouttoinvestigatetheoriginsofthiseffect.Dr.Sasakiknewthe“first-night"effectprobablyhassomethingtodowithhowhumansevolved.Thepuzzlewaswhatbenefitwouldbegainedfromitwhenperformancemightbeaffectedthefollowingday.Shealsoknewfrompreviousworkconductedonbirdsanddolphinsthattheseanimalsputhalfoftheirbrainstosleepatatimesothattheycanrestwhileremainingalertenoughtoavoidpredators（捕食者）Thisledhertowonderifpeoplemightbedoingthesamething.Totakeacloserlook,herteamstudied35healthypeopleastheysleptintheunfamiliarenvironmentoftheuniversitysDepartmentofPsychologicalSciences.Theparticipantseachsleptinthedepartmentfortwonightsandwerecarefullymonitoredwithtechniquesthatlookedattheactivityoftheirbrains.Dr.Sasakifound,asexpected,theparticipantssleptlesswellontheirfirstnightthantheydidontheirsecond,takingmorethantwiceaslongtofallasleepandsleepinglessoverall.Duringdeepsleep,theparticipants'brainsbehavedinasimilarmannerseeninbirdsanddolphins.Onthefirstnightonly,thelefthemispheres（半球）oftheirbrainsdidnotsleepnearlyasdeeplyastheirrighthemispheresdid.Curiousifthelefthemisphereswereindeedremainingawaketoprocessinformationdetectedinthesurroundingenvironment,Dr.Sasakire-rantheexperimentwhilepresentingthesleepingparticipantswithamixofregularlytimedbeeps（蜂鸣声）ofthesametoneandirregularbeepsofadifferenttoneduringthenight.Sheworkedoutthat,ifthelefthemispherewasstayingalertinastrangeenvironment,thenitwouldreacttotheirregularbeepsbystirringpeoplefromsleepandwouldignoretheregularlytimedones.Thisispreciselywhatshefound.12.WhatdidDr.YukaSasakifindpuzzlingaboutthe“first-night"effect?A.Towhatextentitcantroublepeople. B.Whyitmightberelatedtoevolution.C.Whatmeasuresshouldbetakentosolveit. D.Inwhatwayitcanbebeneficial.13.WhatdowelearnabouttheresearchfromParagraph3?A.Thebrainactivityofparticipants'sleepingwasmonitoredinanewenvironment.B.TheparticipantswerefromtheDepartmentofPsychologicalSciences.C.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwosidesofparticipants'brainswerestudied.D.Thefindingsaboutbirdsanddolphinsweretestedonhumansubjects.14.WhydidDr.YukaSasakire-runtheexperiment?A.Shewantedtoknowifhumansdothesameasbirdsanddolphins.B.Thepreviousexperimentfailedherexpectation.C.Shewonderedifhuman'slefthemispheresstayedalertonthefirstnight.D.The"first-night"effectphenomenonwastootoughforhertoanalyze.15.Whichaboutthe"first-night”effectcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A.Itcanbegotridof. B.Itcontributestosleepers'keepingguard.C.Itcanbeimproved. D.Itoriginatesfromsleepingpatterns.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人们在不熟悉的环境中睡在不同的床上常常会感到困难，这种现象被称为“第一夜”效应。如果一个人在第二天晚上呆在同一个房间里，他们往往会睡得更香。Brown大学的YukaSasaki和她的同事们开始研究这种效应的起源。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Thepuzzlewaswhatbenefitwouldbegainedfromitwhenperformancemightbeaffectedthefollowingday.”（问题是，当性能可能在第二天受到影响时，它能带来什么好处。）可知，YukaSasaki发现“第一夜”效应的困惑在于它在哪些方面是有益的。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Totakeacloserlook，herteamstudied35healthypeopleastheysleptintheunfamiliarenvironmentoftheuniversity'sDepartmentofPsychologicalsciences.”（为了进一步研究，她的团队研究了35名健康的人，他们在大学心理科学系不熟悉的环境中睡觉。）可知，研究人员在一个新的环境中监测参与者睡眠时的大脑活动。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Curiousifthelefthemisphereswereindeedremainingawaketoprocessinformationdetectedinthesurroundingenvironment.”（我很好奇左脑在处理周围环境中的信息时是否仍然保持清醒状态。）可知，她想知道人类的左脑在第一个晚上是否保持了警觉。故选C。15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sheworkedoutthat,ifthelefthemispherewasstayingalertinastrangeenvironment,thenitwouldreacttotheirregularbeepsbystirringpeoplefromsleepandwouldignoretheregularlytimedones.Thisispreciselywhatshefound.”（她发现，如果左脑半球在陌生的环境中保持警觉，它就会对不规律的蜂鸣声做出反应，把人从睡梦中唤醒，并忽略定时的蜂鸣声。这正是她的发现。）可知，它有助于睡眠者保持警惕。故选B。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howwouldyoufeelifyouhadtogiveupyoursmartphoneforninedays?In2014,andagainin2018，philosophyprofessorandwriterRonSrigleyofferedextracredittothosewhowouldgivehimcustodyoftheirphonesforninedaysandwriteabouttheexperience.“Whattheywrotewasremarkable,andremarkablyconsistent,"Srigleywrote.Atfirst,allthestudentsfeltdisorientedandfrustrated.____16____Theypaidmoreattentiontothepeoplearoundthem.Foronething,theyobserved,forthefirsttime,howmuchotherpeoplewereusingtheirphones,forexampleinthemiddleofaface-to-faceconversation.“____17____,butyetagain,Ifindmyselfguiltyofthissometimesbecauseitisthenorm,"onestudentwrote.Anothernotedthatasshewalkedbyotherpeople,theytendedtopullouttheirphones“rightbeforeIcouldgaineyecontactwiththem".Theyhadbetterface-to-faceconversationswithfamily.Twoofthestudentswereaccustomedtousingtheirphonestoconstantlymessagewiththeirfamilymembersthroughouttheday,andtheyfeltdeprivedofthiscontact.Butwhenthestudentsspentin-persontimewiththeirparents,____18____Theyweremoreafraid.Someofthestudentsreportedthattheywerefearfulofhavingnophones,wonderingwhattheywoulddoiftheywerekidnappedorattackedorhadtocallanambulanceforsomereason.Srigleynoted,“What’srevealingisthatthesestudentsperceivedtheworldtobeaverydangerousplace.____19____.Thecityinwhichthesestudentslivedhasoneofthelowestcrimeratesintheworldandalmostnoviolentcrimeofanykind,yettheyexperiencedapervasive,undefinedfear.”“Withoutcellphones,lifewouldbesimpleandreal,____20____.”That'sprobablytruerforallofusthanwewouldliketoadmit.A.ThisactionisveryrudeandunacceptableB.theirconversationswereconstantlyinterruptedC.butwegotthingsdonequickerwithoutthecellD.CellphoneswereseenasnecessarytocombatthatdangerE.butwemaynotbeabletocopewiththeworldandoursocietyF.Butafterafewdayswithoutsmartphones,theybegantonoticeotherthingstooG.theparentsweremostlypleasedbecausetheysuddenlyhadtheirchildren'sundividedattention【答案】16.F17.A18.G19.D20.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了哲学教授兼作家罗恩·斯里格里(RonSrigley)给那些愿意让他保管手机9天的人写下这段经历并说明了经过9天没有手机的生活之后他们发生的变化。【16题详解】根据上文“Atfirst,allthestudentsfeltdisorientedandfrustrated.”（一开始，所有的学生都感到迷茫和沮丧。）和下文“Theypaidmoreattentiontothepeoplearoundthem”（他们更关注身边的人）可知，空处与上文形成转折关系，说明了学生发生的变化。F项：Butafterafewdayswithoutsmartphones,theybegantonoticeotherthingstoo.（但在几天不使用智能手机后，他们开始注意到其他事情。）符合语境。故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“Foronething,theyobserved,forthefirsttime,howmuchotherpeoplewereusingtheirphones,forexampleinthemiddleofaface-to-faceconversation.”（首先，他们第一次观察了其他人使用手机的次数，比如在面对面交谈的过程中。）和下文“butyetagain,Ifindmyselfguiltyofthissometimesbecauseitisthenorm,"onestudentwrote.”（一名学生写道:“但我又一次发现自己有时会为此感到内疚，因为这是常态。”）可知，空处是学生对于面对面交谈的过程中使用手机的评价。A项：Thisactionisveryrudeandunacceptable.（这种行为是非常粗鲁和不可接受的。）符合语境。故选A。【18题详解】根据本段小标题“Theyhadbetterface-to-faceconversationswithfamily.”（他们更好的和家人面对面交流。）和上文“Butwhenthestudentsspentin-persontimewiththeirparents,”（但是当学生们和他们的父母在一起的时候）可知，父母为孩子在交流中发生的变化感到高兴。G项：theparentsweremostlypleasedbecausetheysuddenlyhadtheirchildren'sundividedattention.（父母们大都很高兴，因为他们突然得到了孩子们一心一意的关注。）符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】根据上文“Srigleynoted,“Whatisrevealingisthatthesestudentsperceivedtheworldtobeaverydangerousplace.”（斯里格里指出:“这些学生认为世界是一个非常危险的地方。”）可知，空处说明这些学生想要用手机来对抗危险。D项：Cellphoneswereseenasnecessarytocombatthatdanger.（手机被认为是对抗这种危险的必要手段。）符合语境。故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“Withoutcellphones,lifewouldbesimpleandreal”（没有手机，生活将变得简单而真实）和下文“That'sprobablytruerforallofusthanwewouldliketoadmit.”（这可能比我们愿意承认的更真实。）可知，空处和上文形成转折关系。E项：butwemaynotbeabletocopewiththeworldandoursociety.（但是我们可能无法应对这个世界和我们的社会）符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itallstartedthreeyearsago,whenTwitteruser@peco3575‘’ssonfinishedelementaryschool.Hedecidedto____21____a“study”onweed-killingsolutionsthatdidn'tinvolvetheuseofherbicides.Hewas____22____byhispersonaldesiretocleanhishomebackyardofweeds，becausethatsummertheyhadgrownsotallthathe___23___couldn'tplaythereanymore.Hethenstartedcomingupwith____24____tofightagainsttheweeds,writethemdown,____25____themtohisbackyard,andrecordtheconclusion.Forthepastthreeyears,hisideashaveall____26____，but2020isofftoasurprisinglygoodstart.@peco3575recentlyturnedtosocialmediatoreportherson'srecent____27____.Afteryearsoffailuresinhis___28___tostopweedsfrominvadingthebackyard,heseemstohavefinallyfoundasolution-runninginthebackyardeveryday.HestartedinJanuaryandhasbeendoingitdailyforthepastthreemonths.Sofar,noweedshave____29____fromtheground.Theideabehindtheboy's____30____strategyisthatifthegroundishardenough,theweedscan't____31____。SoeversincethestartofJanuaryhehasbeengoingoutintothebackyardeverydayandrunningforabout30minutesto____32____thesoil.Sofar,itseemstobe____33____asweedsareyetto____34____onthehalfofthebackyardthathehasbeenrunningon,whereastheyhavealreadycoveredtheotherhalf.“FromJanuary5thtoMarchlst,nomatterifitrainedorifitwaswindy,he____35____torun,”@peco3575wroteonTwitter.21.A.conduct B.produce C.confirm D.release22.A.scheduled B.astonished C.inspired D.moved23.A.hardly B.actually C.partly D.merely24.A.reasons B.answers C.arguments D.strategies25.A.insert B.devote C.apply D.move26.A.realized B.absorbed C.cancelled D.failed27.A.success B.habit C.condition D.process28.A.ability B.attempt C.power D.nature29.A.heldback B.gotaway C.givenout D.sprungup30.A.safest B.latest C.smartest D.earliest31.A.knockdown B.coverup C.breakthrough D.checkout32.A.expose B.observe C.recycle D.harden33.A.effective B.interesting C.serious D.stable34.A.struggle B.tremble C.appear D.accelerate35.A.preferred B.continued C.rejected D.returned【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.C26.D27.A28.B29.D30.B31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了推特用户@pece3575的儿子，因为后院的杂草太高而无法玩耍，于是决心找到不使用除草剂的除草方案，经过无数次失败过后，儿子发现如果地面足够坚硬，杂草就无法突破，于是每天在后院里跑步，而这一方法也被证明是非常有效的。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定对不使用除草剂的除草方案进行“研究”。A.conduct实施,进行；B.produce产生；C.confirm确认；D.release释放。根据后文“a"study"onweed-killingsolutions”可知，此处指进行一项“研究”应用conduct。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的灵感来自于清理自家后院的杂草，因为那年夏天杂草已经长得很高了，他再也不能在那里玩耍了。A.scheduled安排；B.astonished使惊奇；C.inspired鼓舞；D.moved移动。结合后文“byhispersonaldesiretocleanhishomebackyardofweeds”可知此处是在描述他进行这项“研究”的灵感来源。故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的灵感来自于清理自家后院的杂草，因为那年夏天杂草已经长得很高了，他再也不能在那里玩耍了。A.hardly几乎不；B.actually实际上；C.partly部分地；D.merely仅仅。根据前后文“becausethatsummertheyhadgrownsotallthathe…couldn'tplaythereanymore”可知，杂草长得太高，实际上他不能去玩耍了。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他开始想出对付杂草的策略，把它们写下来，应用到后院，并记录下结论。A.reasons理由；B.answers回答；C.arguments争论；D.strategies策略。呼应后文中“strategyisthatifthegroundishardenough”指对付杂草的策略。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他开始想出对付杂草的策略，把它们写下来，应用到后院，并记录下结论。A.insert插入；B.devote奉献；C.apply应用；D.move移动。根据后文“themtohisbackyardandrecordtheconclusion”可知儿子把策略写下来，再应用到后院实践中，并记录下结论。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的三年里，他的想法都失败了，但2020年是个令人惊讶的好开端。A.realized意识到；B.absorbed吸收；C.cancelled取消；D.failed失败。根据前后文“Forthepastthreeyears,hisideashaveall…,but2020isofftoasurprisinglygoodstart.”可知but表示转折，说明之前的尝试都失败了。呼应后文“Afteryearsoffailures”。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：@pececo3575最近在社交媒体上报道了她儿子最近的成功。A.success成功；B.habit习惯；C.condition条件；D.process过程。根据后文“heseemstohavefinallyfoundasolution—runninginthebackyardeveryday”可知儿子终于找到了除草的办法，取得了成功。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，他一直试图阻止杂草侵入后院，但都失败了，他似乎终于找到了解决办法——每