高中英语刷题首秧基础练能力练Unit4AstronomythescienceofthestarsSectionⅢGrammar含解析新人教必修3

SectionⅢGrammar[基础题]Ⅰ单句语法填空1．________theuniversebeganwiththe“BigBang”hasbeenwidelyaccepted.答案：That2．Ithasbeenproved________havingabalanceddiethelpstokeephealthy.答案：that3．________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.答案：How4．________isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.答案：It5．________madetheparentsproudwas________theirsonhadbeenadmittedtoakeyuniversity.答案：What;that6．Ithink________impressesmeabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses.答案：what7．________theirflightwillarriveontimeis________theyareconcernedabout.答案：Whether;what8．SteveJobshasgonebut________hehasleftbehindistrulyextraordinary.答案：what9．Whenandwhyhecamehere________notknownyet.答案：is10．Helefthomeseveraldaysago.________hehasgoneworriesmanypeopleand1istobefoundout.答案：WhereⅡ单句改错1．Whenwillwesetoffisstillunderdiscussion.__________________________________________________________________答案：willwe→wewill2．Whatheneedsmostaremoney.__________________________________________________________________答案：are→is3．Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldhavenotbeendecided.__________________________________________________________________答案：have→has4．Thatthecoalworkersarestillaliveareawonder.__________________________________________________________________答案：第二个are→is5．Whatwecanraiseourproductionremainsaproblem.__________________________________________________________________答案：What→How[能力题]Ⅰ阅读理解A2Theearthistheonlyplanetthathavelifewhiletheotherplanetsdon't?

scientiststhinkhaslife.WhydoestheearthForonethingP，theearthhastherighttemperature.Asthe_third_planetfromthesun,theearthseemstobejusttherightdistanceaway.TheplanetswhichareclosertothesunaresohotthattheirsurfacesbakeW1inthesun.Thefarthestplanetsarecoldballs.Whentheearthdeveloped—whichscientistsbelievemayhavehappenedabout4billionyearsago—oceans.Watermadeitpossibleforplantstogrow.Theplantscreatedoxygenintheatmosphere.Oxygenisthegasthathumansandanimalsbreathe.Onlyoneotherplanetinthesolarsystemseemstobesomethingliketheearth.ThatplanetistheMars.TheMarsissmallerthantheearth,anditisquiteabitcooler.Butitisnottoocoldforhumans.Onsomedays,thetemperatureisaslowasawinterdayinthenorthernUnitedStates.Ifyouworeaspecialspacesuit,youcouldwalkaroundontheMars.Youwouldhavetobringyourownairtobreathe,becausetheairontheMarsistoothintobreathe.TheMarshasthelargestvolcano(火山)inthesolarsystem.Itissixteenmileshigh.Thehighestvolcanoontheearthisfivemileshigh.ThemostunexpectedW2sightontheMarsisdried-upriverbeds.ScientistsbelievethattheMarswasoncemuchbetterthanitisnow.DoesthismeantherecouldhavebeenlivingthingsontheMars?Scientistsarenotsure,buttherehasbeennosignsofar.1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhytheearthhaslife?3A．Theearthhastherighttemperature.B．ThevolcanosontheeartharelowerthanthoseontheMars.C．Thereisoxygenintheatmosphereoftheearth.D．Theearthseemstobejusttherightdistanceawayfromthesun.答案：B细节理解题。文中提到地球是科学家以为的独一有生命存在的太阳系行星，其原由包含地球温度适合、距太阳距离适中和大气里含有氧气等。B项火山与此没关。2．Theunderlinedphrase“thethirdplanet”inthefirstparagraphrefersto________.A．theSunB．theMoonC．theEarthD．theMars答案：C词义猜想题。依据画线词后的“theearthseemstobe...”可知，距离太阳第三远的行星指的是地球。3．WhatcannotweconcludefromthepassageabouttheMars?A．TherecouldhavebeenlivingthingsontheMars.B．TheMarshasthelargestvolcanointhesolarsystem.C．ThereisalmostnooxygenintheairontheMars.D．TheMarsissmallerthantheearth,anditisquiteabitcooler.答案：A推理判断题。文章最后一段提到火星上有干枯的河床的迹象，但这一点其实不能证明火星上存在生命，因为迄今为止还没有发现生命迹象，故A项所述从文章中没法推测出来。其余三项都与文章符合。4．Whichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheEarthB．TheMoonC．PlanetsintheSolarSystemD．TheMarsisMostLiketheEarth4答案：D标题判断题。文章先说明地球上存在生命的原由，又对照了火星和地球，说明火星是与地球最相像的行星。D项作标题最为适合。W要点单词1．bakev.烘烤2.unexpectedadj.未预想到的P要点短语foronething一方面BSpaceiswhereourfutureis—tripstotheMoon,Marsandbeyond.Mostpeoplewouldthinkthatasidefromcometsandstars,thereislittleelseoutthere.But,sinceourspacejourneystartedwehaveleftsomuchtrashtherethatscientistsarenowconcernedthatifwedon'tcleanitupP，wemayallbeingreatdanger.Thefirstpieceofspacejunkwascreatedin1964,whentheAmericansatelliteVanguardIstoppedoperatingandlostitsconnectionwiththegroundcenter.However,sinceitkeptorbitingaroundtheEarthwithoutanyresults,scientistsbecameincreasinglycomfortableabandoningW1thingsthatnolongerservedanyusefulpurposesinspace.Itissaidthattherearenowover500,000piecesofman-madetrashorbitingtheEarthatspeedsofupto17,500milesperhour.Thejunkvariesfromtinypiecesofpaintchippedoffrocketstocameras,hugefueltanks,andevenodditemslikethemillion-dollartoolkitthatastronautHeidemarieStefanyshynPiperlostduringaspacewalk.Themajorproblemwiththespacetrashisthatitmayhitworkingsatellitesanddamagetravelingspaceship.Moreover,piecesofjunkmaycrashwitheachotherandbreakintopieceswhichfallbacktotheEarth.Toavoidthis,scientistshaveinventedseveralwaysforclearingthesky.GroundstationshavebeenbuilttomonitorW2largerpiecesofspacetrashtopreventthemfromcrashingintoworking5satellitesorspaceshuttles.Futureplansincludeacooperativeeffortamongmanynationstostoplitteringinspaceandtocleanupthetrashalreadythere.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太空被人类航空荒弃物污染的现状，各国开始重视太空垃圾造成的问题以及带来的风险和危害并着手解决这一问题。5．Whatwasthefirstpieceofman-madespacetrash?A．Acamera.B．Atoolkit.C．Afueltank.D．Abrokensatellite.答案：D细节理解题。依据第二段首句可知，第一片人造太空垃圾是一个坏了的卫星，应选D。6．WhywerescientistsNOTconcernedaboutspacetrashinthebeginning?A．Itnolongerservedanyusefulpurposes.B．ItwasmillionsofmilesawayfromtheEarth.C．Itdidnotcauseanyproblems.D．Itwasregardedassimilartocometsandstars.答案：C细节理解题。依据第二段第二句可知，科学家最先没相关怀太空垃圾，是因为它没有造成任何问题，应选C。7．Whatcanweconcludefromthepassageaboutspacejunk?A．Itishuge,heavymachines.B．Itneverchangesposition.C．ItfloatsslowlyaroundtheEarth.D．Itmaycauseproblemsforspaceshuttles.答案：D细节理解题。依据第四段第一、二句并联合选项可知，太空垃圾可能会给航天飞机带来问题。应选D。8．Whathasbeendoneaboutthespacetrashproblem?A．Scientistshavecleanedupmostofthetrash.6B．Largepiecesofspacetrasharebeingcloselywatched.C．Manynationshaveworkedtogethertostoppollutingspace.D．Groundstationsarebuilttohelpstorethetrashproperlyinspace.答案：B细节理解题。依据第四段第三、四句可知，现阶段比较大的太空垃圾正在被严实监控，应选B。W要点单词1．abandonv.扔掉2.monitorv.监控；监督P要点短语cleanup清理Ⅱ语法填空“DriveMyCar”wasapopularsongfromtheBritishbandtheBeatles.__1__songwasfirstreleasedinBritainin1965ontheBeatles'album“RubberSoul”.Earlierthatsameyear,thenewsmediareportedthatJohnLennonpassedhis__2__(drive)test.Withinhours,manycardealersshowedupoutside__3__home.Eachhopedtopersuadethestarthattheircarwastheoneforhim.JohnLennondecidedonabrightblueFerrari330GTCoupe.OfficialssayJohnLennonownedthecarforlessthatwork__5__(do)inthe1990storeturnthecartoits__6__(origin)condition.__7__theFerrariwasLennon'sfirstcar,itwasnothismostfamous.Heisprobably__8__(well)knownforhismulti-coloredRollsRoycePhantomVlimousine.ThatcariscurrentlyondisplayattheRoyalBCMuseuminVictoria,BritishColumbia.Theyputthecarondisplayeveryyearforafewmonthsduringthewinter.7Theyareunabletokeepthecarondisplayallyearlongbecause__9__itslargesizeandthelargecrowdsthatcometosee__10__.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________1．The考察冠词。这里特指前面提到的那首歌，用定冠词the。2．driving考察非谓语动词。drivingtest意为“驾驶执照考试”。3．his考察代词。这里指“在Lennon的家外面”，用形容词性物主代词his。4．what考察主语从句的连结词。It为形式主语，真实的主语为后边的从句，what在从句中充任主语。whathappened意为“发生了什么事”。5．wasdone考察动词的时态和语态。这里的suggest意为“表示”，不用虚构语气；依据inthe1990s可知用一般过去时，work与do之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。6．original考察词性变换。这里用形容词修饰名词condition。7．Though/Although考察连词。句意：只管Ferrari是Lennon的第一辆车，可是它不是他最有名的(一辆)。由句意可知，此处表退步，故用Though/Although。8．best考察副词的最高等。bebestknownfor意为“因为最为有名”。9．of考察介词。becauseof为固定词组，意为“因为，因为”，后边接名词或名词词组。10．it考察代词。这里指上文提到的那辆车，用代词it来指代。Ⅲ短文改错8WiththeNationalCollegeEntranceExamdrawsnear,Ifeelmoreandmorenervously.Iknowthatmyparentsdependonmyselftorealizetheirdream.Overthepastfewyears,Ihadbeenworkinghardsoastoliveuptheirexpectations.IknowhowdisappointingtheywillbeifIshouldfailtheexam.Iaskedmyteacherforsomeadvices.Hesa