英美报刊选读1introduction

LearningAimTheBasicLayoutofEnglishNewspapersGeneralFeaturesofNewsEnglishDifferentStylesofNewsArticlesChapterOneGeneralIntroductionGeneralIntroductionTheSignificanceofNewspaperReading

1.GoodlearningResourcesforEnglishlearnersfortherichvocabulary,whichincludesvariousidioms,commonsayingsanddiversephrases.TheSignificanceofNewspaperReading

2.EnablethelearnerstoenhancetheirreadingabilitybyprovidingauthenticEnglishlearningmaterial.TheSignificanceofNewspaperReading

3.Broadenthereaders’horizon,beingthemajoraccesstoworldnews.TheSignificanceofNewspaperReading

4.Goodhelperforthelearnerstoimprovetheirwritingskill,duetotheexpertuseofvariouswritingtechniqueslikepersonification,ironyetc.infeatures

.BriefIntroductionofAmericanandBritishnewspapersandmagazines

美国和英国的日报总数约两千多家，各种期刊为五千余种，其中绝大多数是地方性和专业性报刊，全国性大报和杂志为数并不多。下面介绍在美英国内若干有影响的报刊。Americanmajorpapers

TheNewYorkTimes

TheWashingtonPostLosAngelesTimesUSATodayTheWallStreetJournalTheChristianScienceMonitorInternationalHeraldTribune《纽约时报》《华盛顿邮报》《洛杉矶时报》《今日美国报》《华尔街日报》《基督教科学箴言报》《国际先驱论坛报》Americanmajorpapers

FreePress

ChicagoSun-Times

NewYorkDailyNewsBostonGlobeDalasMorningNewsSanFranciscoChronicle《自由新闻报》《芝加哥太阳时报

》《纽约每日新闻

》《波士顿环球报

》《达拉斯晨报

》《旧金山纪事报

》Americanmajornewsmagazines

TimeNewsweekReader’sDigestFortuneBusinessWeekFarEasternReview《时代》周刊

《新闻周刊》《读者文摘》《财富》杂志《商业周刊》《远东经济评论》Americanmajornewsmagazines

U.S.NewsandWorldReport

Smithsonian

StarFamilyCircle

AmericanLegion

PeopleWeekly

NationalGeographic《美国新闻与世界报道》《史密斯森学会》杂志《明星》《家族》月刊《美国军团》《人民周刊》

《国家地理》杂志

Britishnewspapers

英国报刊英国报刊发行与美国不尽相同，国内外财团控制的大报业集团的报纸占全英发行量的90%，这些大集团以往又都是集中在伦敦市中心的报业中心“舰队街”（FleetStreet）。因此，FleetStreet常用来借喻伦敦或英国“报界”或“新闻界”。现在为了改善发行和促进在海外销售，有的已移往伦敦其他地区或城市，甚至海外，如《卫报》就在德国发行国际版，而《金融时报》就直接在德国、美国和日本等国印刷发行。英国报纸按风格和内容分为quality/popular/mid-marketpapers,

“质量类”报纸是严肃性大开张（broadsheet）的全国性日报，有很高的编辑水平，读者对象是受过较高教育的上层和中产阶级人士。DailyExpress《每日快报》、DailyMail《每日邮报》、DailyMirror《每日镜报》、DailyStar《每日明星报》、TheSun《太阳报》都是“通俗类”小报，消息不如qualitypapers那样严肃可靠，往往追求轰动效应。如《太阳报》就以刊登英国王室成员和政界人士的桃色新闻和美女照片而“著称”。其发行量居首位。读者基本是工人阶级和中产阶级。“中间市场类”指介于这两者之间的报纸。Britishmajornewspapers

TheTimesFinancialTimesTheGuardianTheTelegraphDailyExpress

DailyMail

DailyStar

MorningStarTheSun《泰晤士报》

《金融时报》

《卫报》《每日电讯报》

《每日快报》《每日邮报》

《每日明星报》

《太阳报》《晨星报》

Britishmajornewsmagazines

WeeklyNews

TheSpectator

Tribune

Punch

Finance

PrivateEye

Listener

NewStatesmanandSociety

《每周新闻》

《旁观者》《论坛》《笨拙》《金融》周刊《私探》双周刊《听众》《新政治家和社会》Now,watchaCNNvideoclipforrelaxation

MajorNewsAgenciesA.P.(AssociatedPress)UPI(UnitedPressInternational)Reuters(Reuter’sNewsAgency)PA(PressAssociation)DPAAFPANSA（美国）美联社

（美国）合众社（英国）路透社（英国）报纸联合社（德国）德新社

（法国）法新社（意大利）安莎社Majorproviderofnewsfornewspapers,radiosandTVstationsMajorNewsAgencies

美英通讯社简介

西方报纸、电台和电视等新闻，许多都是由通讯社提供的。下面介绍的是英美四大通讯社。

1．AP(abbrev.AssociatedPress)(美国)美联社，成立于1848年，总部设在纽约市。1976年就已有1，181家美国日报和约3，462家广播电台和电视台接受该社提供的新闻服务，现在它是世界最大的通讯社。

2．UPI(abbrev.UnitedPressInternational)(美国)合众国际社，成立于1907年，它开创了一些重要的新闻报道业务，如它于1925年开办了新闻图片等服务。在20世纪70年代末，该社就为100多个国家的4，503家客户服务。它有250多个分社向外提供新闻。

3．Reuters(abbrev.Reuter’sNewsAgency)(英国)路透社，1851年由路透(PaulJuliusReuter)创建，总部设在伦敦。它是一家商业性通讯社。20世纪60年代以来，它播发经其压缩的来自诸如中国等国的新闻报道，美国也有几十家报纸定购该社的新闻。现在其业务已遍及全球150多个国家。该社拥有91个国家14，800名职员，1，800名记者，138个分社。

4．PA(abbrev.PressAssociation)(英国)报纸联合社，它通过该社的新闻（PANews）、体育（PASport）和数据设计(PADataDesign)这三家公司而成为英国的全国新闻社，为报纸、广播电台和电视台提供全方位的新闻和信息服务。Newspapercontents&Sections

报刊内容与版面编排

一般而言，英美报刊常见的新闻报道中有以下这几方面读者感兴趣的内容：

1．政治与政府(politicsandgovernment)

2．灾难(disasters)

3．犯罪与诉讼(crimeandcourts)

4．商业(business)

5．罢工、示威游行及纠纷(strikes,demonstratesanddisputes)

6．战争和恐怖主义活动(warandterrorism)

7．环境(environment)

8．名人(famouspeople)

9．体育(sports)

10.娱乐(entertainments)Newspapercontents&SectionsNewsFeaturesSportsBusinessEditorial/OP-EdClassifiedsScienceandTechnologyLifeHealthEntertainment新闻版

专题报道版/特写

体育版

财经版

社论版/专栏版分类广告版科技版生活版医疗保健版娱乐版ReadingExercisesPassage1

KerryBlastsBushIraq“mistake”DemocratpresidentialhopefulJohnKerryhasaccusedPresidentBushoffailingtodoenoughtogettheworldsupportneededtowinpeaceinIraq.InaweeklyradioaddresstoDemocratsMr.KerrysaidtheBushadministrationhastochangeitsstrategyinIraq.ThismonthhasseenasurgeofviolenceandkidnappingsofforeignersinIraq,includinganAmericansoldier.Jordan’sKingAbdullahhassaidthepresenceofUStroopsinIraqhasledtogreatanimosityintheArab.TheKing,intheUSfortalkswithMr.Bush,saidthefeeling“beingfelttowardtheUnitedStatesaroundtheregionandaroundtheworldisnotahealthyone.”“Stubborn”

ReadingExercises

Meanwhile,Mr.KerrycalledforanewUN-backedmissiontohelprebuildIraq,withaNatosecurityforceunderUScommandkeepingorder.Thepresidentmaynotwanttoadmitmistakes,buthischoicesinIraqhavesofarproducedatragedyoferrors,”hesaid.“Stayingthecoursedoesnotmeanstubbornlyholdingtothewrongcourse.”Intheaddress,tapedinPittsburgh,onFriday,headded:“Thefailureoftheadministrationtointernationalizetheconflicthaslostustime,momentumandcredibilityandmadeAmericalesssafe.”(Accordingto)theBBC’sJannatJalil,inWashington,thisisanattemptbyJohnKerry,justsevenmonthsbeforeanelectionthat’stooclosetocall,toshowhowhewoulddealwiththemountingviolenceandcasualtiesinIraq.ReadingExercises

ChoosetheCorrectAnswer1Whoisthearticleabout?A)GeorgeW.BushB)KingAbdullahC)JohnKerryD)JannatJalil2.HowdidKerrymakehisstatements?A)inaweeklyradioaddressB)inanexclusiveinterviewC)onalatenighttalkshowD)onaweb-basedinterview3KingAbullahⅡisthekingofwhatcountry?IraqB)AfghanistansC)JordanD)SyriaReadingExercises

ChoosetheCorrectAnswer4.Thekingbelievesthat,A)peopleintheMiddle-eastadoreAmericansB)middle-easternpeoplewelcomethepresenceofAmericansoldiersC)violenceandkidnappingsarenotimportantD)thepresenceofUStroopshascausedgreatresentmentamongMiddle-easternpeople.5Animositymeanswhat?A)animal-likeB)hostilityC)adorationD)happiness6Asynonymforstubborniswhat?A)pig-headedB)craftyC)wiseD)open-minded7WheredidKerryrecordhisaddress?A)WashingtonD.C.B)SanFranciscoC)PittsburgD)FallujahReadingExercises

ChoosetheCorrectAnswer8.TheelectionforthepresidentoftheUSisdescribedasbeing“tooclosetocall”,whatdoesthismean?A)TheelectionwillhappensoonB)bothsideshaveanequalchanceofwinningC)bettingontheresultsisnotallowedDtheelectionwillhappeninRichmond9.Mr.KerryreferstoUSTroops“keepingorder”,whatdoeshemean?A)maintainingapeacefulsocietyB)givingorderstoIraqipeopleC)makinglistsandfilesD)noneoftheaboveKeystoArticle1.CACDBACBATheMajorDifficultiesofReadingEnglishNewspapers

1.thespecialwritingstylewhichoftengoesagainstthenormalgrammarwillposegreatobstacleforlearnersbecauseitalwaysstrivestocontaintherichestinformationinasfewwordsaspossible

.TheMajorDifficultiesofReadingEnglishNewspapers

2.NewsEnglishisrichinpuns(双关)，overtones(弦外之音)，andvariouswordgamesbymeansofpolysemy(一词多义),synonym(同义词)andantinomy(反义词).

TheMajorDifficultiesofReadingEnglishNewspapers3.Westernjournalistsliketoquotetheclassicsintheirreports,solackofnecessaryculturalbackgroundknowledgewillleadtoconfusion.Example

Sofar,theEuropeanCommissioniswaryof（谨慎的）encouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation.Thatmight,itisfeared,openaPandora’sbox

alreadycontainingBasques,Corsicansandotherawkwardpeoples.(TheEconomist)

Basques巴斯克人，居住在西班牙北部比利牛斯山区。曾多次举行大规模游行示威要求脱离西班牙政府，实行自治。Example

Sofar,theEuropeanCommissioniswaryofencouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation.Thatmight,itisfeared,openaPandora’sbox

alreadycontainingBasques,Corsicansandotherawkwardpeoples.(TheEconomist)

Corsicans科西嘉人。科西嘉岛是地中海中的岛屿，1769年被强行并入法国领土；拿破仑一世的出生地。自从被侵占后，科西嘉人从未停止民族独立运动。Example

Sofar,theEuropeanCommissioniswaryofencouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation.Thatmight,itisfeared,openaPandora’sbox

alreadycontainingBasques,Corsicans

andotherawkwardpeoples.(TheEconomist)

Pandora’sbox潘多拉之魔盒，典出希腊神话。比喻“灾难之源”或“由于不明智的干预而引起许多难以解决的复杂问题”。Example

TheideaofMarchloomsasacrucialtime.PollsterRichardWirthlinandCounsellorEdMeesehavewarnedthepresidentthatjustaboutnowPresidentCarterbegantoyieldtooutsideclamor.Helosthispowerthroughretreat（退却）andvacillation（动摇犹豫）.(Time)“ideaofMarch”指古罗马日历的三月十五日，比喻“危险即将来临的日期”。典出莎士比亚悲剧JuliusCaesar(《裘力斯•恺撒》)。EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews

1.FamiliaritywithnewsEnglishvocabulary.EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews

example

run,race,juice,measure,Speaker,chemistry,establishment,takeawalk,gofishing,highprofile,dry,wet,Heblinked,I’mafamilymanmaymeanrespectivelyindailyEnglish“跑”、“竞赛”、“汁”、“措施”、“发言人”、“化学”、“建立”、“散步”、“去钓鱼”、“高姿态”、“干”、“湿”、“他眨了眨眼”、和“我是一个有家室的人”。

EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews

example

run,race,juice,measure,Speaker,chemistry,establishment,takeawalk,gofishing,highprofile,dry,wet,Heblinked,I’mafamilymanmaymeanrespectivelyindailyEnglish

ButinnewsEnglishthesewordsmaymeanrespectively:“竞选”、“竞选”、“神通”、“议案”、“议长”、“（人际）关系”、“权势集团”、“退党”、“与党离心离德”、“引人注目或公开的”、英国保守党中的“强硬派”、“温和派”、“他顶不住而退让了”、和“我是一个治家有方、治国有道的人”。EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews

2.Accumulationofvariousworldknowledgeishighlyimportant.Example

RepublicansnarrowlyretainedcontroloftheHouseinNovember.ThenewSenatewillbesplit50-50,andwillincludeMr.Lieberman.Butanytieswillbebrokenbythenewvicepresident,Mr.Cheney.

TheInternationalHeraldTribune在十一月大选后组成的新一届国会中，共和党仍勉强控制着众议院。在参议院，两党平分秋色，各占50席，而且民主党议员中还包括落选的副总统候选人利伯曼。然而，如果在表决中票数相等而出现相持不下的局面时，新任副总统切尼先生会打破这种僵局Example

RepublicansnarrowlyretainedcontroloftheHouseinNovember.ThenewSenatewillbesplit50-50,andwillincludeMr.Lieberman.Butanytieswillbebrokenbythenewvicepresident,Mr.Cheney.

TheInternationalHeraldTribune美国宪法规定，参议院主席（PresidentoftheSenate)一职由副总统兼任，在表决出现相持不下的局面时，他才有投票权。ReadingExercises

EUexpansion:TheendofthebeginningBBC,News,April5,2004

ByJamesArnorld

ItmaysmackofclichétopointoutthatexpansionoftheEuropeanUnionisnottheendofaprocessbutratherastationalongtheway.Forthepastdecadeabatchof(mainlyex-communist)Europeanstateshavebeenreturningtheirlaws,upgradingtheirbureaucracies,sellingoffstatepropertyandgenerallyaligningtheireconomiesascloselyaspossibletoEUnorms.TheirentryintotheEUisasignthatthisprocesshasbeensuccessful.Butonlyyup（yes)toapoint.Withafewslickexceptions.CentralEuropedoesnotlookorfeelWesternyet,andthedeeperyoudigintotheregion’spoliticalandeconomicstructurethemoreobviousitbecomesthattheprocessofcatchinguphasbarelybegun.

ReadingExercisesLabourmarketsarearguablythebest-knownareaofconcern.Theissuerunsmuchdeeperthanthecurrentmigrationscarcity,however.Inthelongerterm,CentralEuropeistornbetweentwoconflictingworries:thatBrussels-mandatedderegulationcouldcostthousandsofjobs;andthatfussyGermen-styleLabourrulecouldputoffinvestorswhovaluetheregion’sflexibilityandlowcosts.Mosttricky-andarguablyleastpublicized-ofallistheregion’sprogresstowardsadoptingtheeuro.CentralEuropeiskeenontheeuro:somearepeggedtoit.Theeurozone'sfiscalandmonetarycriteriaarenottoomuchofastretchformostnewmembers,especiallysincetherewillbeatleastanothertwoyearsbeforetheycanjoin.AndCentralEurope’sextensivetradelinkswiththeWestareseenasanindicatorthatitseconomiesareinlockstep.ReadingExercises

ChoosetheCorrectAnswer1.Whatdoestheheadlinemean?a).Thatthegoal_theend_isbeginningtohappenb).ThebeginningmomentoftheEUexpansionisendingc)TheEUisbeginningtoendd)ThefinalexpansionoftheEUiscomplete2.Whydoesthewritersay,“maysmackofcliché”?a).itmightseemunimportantb).Thestatementmaybeobviousc).Hisstatementisnotaclichéd).Hisarticlemightbeboring3.HowhavethenationsofCentralEuropebeenaligningthemselveswithEUNorms?a).revisinglawsandregulationsb).modernizinggovernmentalorganizationsc).sheddinggovernmentownedrealestatesd）alloftheabove.ReadingExercises

ChoosetheCorrectAnswer4.WhydoesCentralEuropeattractinvestors?a).flexibilityandlow-costb).prevalenceofsmokestackindustriesc).German-styledlabourrulesd)Highunemployment5.Thephrase“couldputoffinvestors”,whatisasynonymfor“putoff”?a)attractb)placec)takeawayd)repel6.CentralEuropeancountriesare:a)eagertohavetheeuroastheircurrency.b)afraidtolosetheirnationalcurrencies.c)devotedtotheideasofnationalismassymbolizedbynationalcurrenciesd)indifferenttotheeuroReadingExercises

ChoosetheCorrectAnswer7.HowlongbeforeCentralEuropemayjointheeurozone?a)immediatelyb)uponjoiningtheEUc)in2006d)theycannot8.Anotherwaytosay“thedeeperyoudig”?a)higheryouclimbb)themoreyouinvestigatec)longeryouthinkd)fatheryouwalk9Whatare“smokestackindustries”?a).industriesthatmakesmokestacksb)industriesthatlooklikesmokestacksc)Heavilypollutingindustriesd)nuclearreactorsKeystoArticle2:bbdadacbcReadingExerciseRupeesinksagainstdollar

KhozemMerchant,Bombay

Directions:ReadthefollowingnewsarticlesandtrytogetthegeneralfeaturesofNewsEnglish

TheIndianrupeesanktoanall-timelowagainsttheUSdollaryesterdayafterconcernsovertherisingpriceofoil,thecountry’scostliestimport.Oilpriceshavetouched10-yearhighsinrecentdays.TheNepalirupee,whichisfixedagainsttheIndiancurrency,alsofelltoafreshlowagainstthedollar.

TheIndianrupeehasweakenedbyabout6.6percentsinceJanuary.TheReserveBankofIndia(RBI)triedtocalmthemarketsbutasinlastmonth’sboutofrupeenervousness,theimpactofthecentralbank’sattemptstoreassuremarketswasshort-lived.Afterabriefspurt,therupeeweakenedfollowingtheRBI’sassurancesthatdomesticoilcompanies’foreignexchangesneedswouldbefullymet.

ReadingExerciseReadingtwoColombianSenttoU.S.forDrug

Trial

BOGOT