2023学年完整公开课版Book3Module1语法

课题:Subjectandverbagreement主谓一致授课时间:设计教师:杜文文学习目标：知识目标:掌握有关主谓一致的相关原则能力目标:让学生能够运用主谓一致的原则进行正确的解题情感目标:通过对另一国家语言的进一步掌握，来了解一个国家的文化重点:能灵活的运用所掌握原则来正确的分析问题难点:结合题来判断其属于哪一原则知识连接:1对于这些集体名词：family,class,team,committee,audience,public,government等，如果强调这个集体是一个整体就被看作单数，如果强调组成这个整体的每个成员就当作复数用，如：Theclass____agoodone.Theclass_____allthere.Myfamily______inBeijing.Myfamily______allsoccerfans.Theteam______lovedbyallthepeopleinthecity.Theteam______nowknownthewholestory.Theaudience_____large.Theaudience_______nowenjoyingtheplaysomuch.2Completeeachsentenceusingaverbfromthebox.liveplayhave1. TheValenciasoccerteam____________inalargestadium.2. Carlos’sclass______ameeting.Amy__________inLondonbutherfamily__________inCardiff.3neither指“两者都不”，在一般情况下用单数（特别是正式文本和英国英语中）；在neither…nor…连接主语的情况下，动词谓语和nor后面的成分保持数的一致；none表示“否定”，既能指人又能指物，可用单数，也可用作复数；each指“两个或两个以上的人或物中的一个”，强调个体的意义，如：Neithertheteachernorthestudents_____(be)intheclassroom.Neitheryounoranyoneelse____(be)toblame.Noneofthestories_____(be)believable.Noneoftheemails_____(have)beenanswered.Eachofthetwogirls___(have)glasseson.Eachofthestudentsintheclass_____(have)madeprogressinEnglish.学法指导:查阅语法书,多做习题进行练习,体会其用法.学习过程:1大部分集体名词做主语时，要根据意思来决定谓语动词的形式。当强调个别成员时，谓语动词用复数形式；当强调整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。常用词有audience,army,class,company,crowd,family,government,group,population,public,team,village,school等。1.

Herfamily____(be)abigonewith8people,mostofwhom____(be)workersinthiscity.2.

Aftersupper,herfamilyusually_____(watch\watches)TVandseldom________(go\goes)outforawalk.3.

What______(be)thepopulationofthesmallcountry?4.

Over80%ofthepopulationofourcountry_____(be)farmers.5.Thevillage______(be)farfromherwholevillage____(be)outgreetinghim.2由neithernor,eitheror,notonlybutalso等连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式与后面的主语保持一致。例如：Neitherhisparentsnorhe______(have/has)everreceivedhighereducation.EitherIoryou_____(is/are)toanswerfortheaccident.主谓一致的几种特殊情况1.

Infrontofthegirlaresomeflowers.2.

Eachofushasadictionary.Weeachhaveadictionary.3.

Theteachertogetherwith/with/aswellashisstudentsisgoingthereonfoot.4.

Manya/Morethanonewayhasbeentried.Manywayshavebeentried.5.

Thereisapairofshoesleft.Therearetwopairsofshoesleft.6.

Drivingcarsiseasy.（动名词作主语一般用单数）7.

Maths/News/Physics/TheUnitedstatesis8.

Thepoliceareafterthethiefwhohasjustbrokenintoahouse.9.

Thepoor/rich/wounded后用复数，而the加抽象形容词表示单数概念。Thebeautifulisnotalwaystheuseful.10.

Thewriterandsingerisinvitedtoattendthemeeting.Thewriterandthesingerareinvitedtoattendthemeeting.11.

Every/Noteacherandevery/nostudentiseagerforthesummervacation.Thereisapenandtwopencilsonthedesk.3主谓一致在英语句中，谓语受主语动支配，必须同主语在人称和数上保持一致。

名词＋as

well

as/no

less

than/but/except/with/like+其他名词，作主语时，谓语与前面的第一个名词一致.

＊few/a

few/both/many/several+名词复数／of+名词复数＋复数

＊不定代词／疑问代词(something/anything/anywhere/somewhere/where/when)＋单数

语法一致原则：句子谓语动词的数取决于该句子主语的数。

1。“the＋姓氏名词的复数形式”(的成员)＋复数

2。all/some/half/enough/two

thirds＋名词（单／复数）＋单／复数

3.复数形式的名词：clothes/trousers/shorts(短裤)/glasses/scissors/gloves/chopsticks等＋复数

＊

计量单位（pair）＋复数形式的名词＋谓语取决于计量单位

意义一致原则：谓语动词的单、复数形式，取决于主语所表达的概念。

1.集体名词：people/public(公共)/police/crew(船员)＋复数

2。复数形式，单数意义。（news/physics/maths/politics）

3.集合名词：class/family/team/Chinese/Japanese强调总体－－单数；强调个体－－复数The

class

has

45

students.

The

class

are

planting

trees

on

the

hill.

4.时间、距离、价格、重量的复数名词／算式＋单数

Ten

days

is

a

long

time.

+形容词“表一类人”＋复数;

The

rich

have

much

money.

bothand

+复数

7。one

of/each

of/none

of/either

of/neither

of＋名词＋单数

number(许多)+n+复数；the

number(的数量)+n+单数

9。名词＋and＋名词“表同一人／物用单数”“表不同人／物用复数”

The

writer

and

the

speaker

are

from

the

USA.

The

writer

and

speaker

is

from

the

USA.

就近一致原则：谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词／代词的数保持一致。

notbut/eitheror/neithernor/not

onlybut

also＋就近原则

be＋并列主语达标训练:1、—Howaretheteamplaying?—They’replayingwell,butoneofthem______hurt.（北京2022春季）A、gotB、getsC、areD、were2、Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alarge____ofdesert_____coveredtheland.（上海2022）A、number;hasB、quantity;hasC、number;haveD、quantity;have3、Allthepreparationsforthetask_________,andwearereadytostart.(2000年全国春季卷)A、completedB、completeC、hadbeencompletedD、havebeencompleted4、ItoldhimwhatIwassurprised_________hisattitudetowardshisstudy.(2000年春季上海卷)A、isB、wasC、atisD、atwas5、Everypossiblemeans_______topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.(2000年春季上海卷)A、isusedB、areusedC、hasbeenusedD、havebeenused学习反思:主谓一致测试1.Eachofyou______responsiblefortheaccident.a.amb.bec.isd.are2.Eachmanandwoman______thesamerights.a.hasb.havec.hadd.ishaving3.Everymeans______triedbutwithoutmuchresult.a.hasbeenb.havebeenc.ared.is4.There______inthisroom.a.aretoomuchfurnitureb.istoomanyfurnituresc.aretoomuchfurnituresd.istoomuchfurniture5.Themanagerorhisassistant______planningtogo.a.wereb.arec.wasd.be6.NotonlyIbutalsoDavidandIris______fondofplayingbasketball.a.amb.isc.ared.was7.NeitherTomnorhisparents______athome.a.isb.arec.hasd.was8.Eitherthedeanortheprincipal______themeeting.a.attendsb.attendc.areattendingd.haveattended9.______waswrong.a.Nottheteacherbutthestudentsb.Boththestudentsandtheteacherc.Neithertheteachernotthestudentsd.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher10.“______twentydollarsabigsumtoher?”“Isupposeso.”a.Willbeb.Isc.Ared.Were11.Threehours______enoughforustofinishthetask.a.areb.hasc.isd.were12.Mostofhissavings______intheXinHuaBank.a.hasbeenkeptb.isbeingkeptc.havekeptd.havebeenkept13.Allthatcanbedone______.a.hasdoneb.hasbeendonec.havedoned.havebeendone14.Oneorperhapsmorepages_______.a.ismissingb.hasbeenmissedc.aremissingd.wasmissing15.Morethanoneworker______dismissed.a.havebeenb.arec.hasbeend.has16.Manyastudent______theimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguage.a.haverealizedb.hasrealizec.havebeenrealizedd.hasbeenrealized17.Thegasworks______nearthecity.a.isb.arec.wered.be18.Thesurroundingsofhishouse______cleannow.a.isb.arec.wasd.were19.Thecommittee______overtheproblemamongthemselvesfortwohours.a.hasarguedb.hasbeenarguingc.havearguedd.havebeenarguing20.Thepublic______generousintheircontributionstotheearthquakevictims.a.isb.wasc.ared.hasbeen21.Cattle______onthehillside.a.grazesb.isgrazingc.wasgrazingd.weregrazing22.Herpolitics______neitherconservativenorliberal.a.isb.arec.wasd.hasbeen23.Measles______akindofinfectiousillness.a.isb.arec.wered.havebeen24.ThePhilippines______tothesouth-eastofChina.a.liesb.liec.layd.lays25.Maryisoneofthegirlswho______alwaysontime.a.isb.amc.ared.was26.Tomistheonlyoneofthestallmemberswho______tobepromoted.a.isgoingb.aregoingc.hasbeengoingd.havebeengoing27.Whatcausedtheaccident______ontheroad.a.werestoneb.werestonesc.wasstoned.wasstones28.Wiskyandsoda______hisfavoritedrink.a.isb.arec.wered.havebeen29.______istoattendourevening.a.boththesingerandthedancerb.Eitherthesingerordancersc.Thesingerordancersd.Thesingeranddancer30.TheSmiths______theirbreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.a.hadb.hasbeenhavingc.arehavingd.werehaving31.Nooneexcepttwostudents______themeeting.a.hasbeenlateforb.havebeenlateforc.waslateford.werelaterfor32.Allbuthimandme______totheexhibition.a.amgoingb.isgoingc.aregoingd.wasgoing33.Interest,aswellasprospects,______importantwhenonelooksforajob.a.areb.werec.isd.was34.Thepresident,accompaniedbyhisassistants,______.a.havearrivedb.arearrivingc.hadarrivedd.hasarrived35.Anumberofcars______infrontoftheparka.isparkedb.wasparkedc.areparkedd.hasparked36.thenumberofarticlespublishedonsmoking______amazing.a.isb.arec.wered.havebeen37.Themajorityofdoctors______smokingisharmfultohealth.a.arebelievedb.hadbelievedc.hasbelievedd.believe38.Themajorityofthedamage______easytorepair.a.isb.arec.wered.be39.Four-fifthsofthecrop______.a.areruinedb.wasruinedc.wereruinedd.havebeenruined40.Three-fourthsofthebuildings______.a.wasdestroyedb.isdestroyedc.weredestroyedd.hasbeendestroyed41.Earlytobedandearlytorise______amanhealthy,happyandwise.a.makingb.tomakec.maked.makes42.Mathematics______thelanguageofscience.a.isb.hasbeenc.ared.have