2021-2022年辽宁省沈阳市大学英语6级大学英语六级

2021-2022年辽宁省沈阳市大学英语6级大学英语六级学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Themostcommonstyle.ofwindturbines,largeorsmall,isthe______,withtheaxisofthebladeshorizontaltotheground.

2.TheBBCadopts"hammocking"techniqueinorderto______.

A.widenitsaudience

B.addyouthappealtoitsprograms

C.concealpublicservicethemesbeneathentertainment

D.getpeopletowatchworthystuff

3.AccordingtothedescriptionofBuckminsterFuller,themainadvantageofatriangleinstrengthwas______.

4.

BasedonMs.Fay'sadvice,weknowthatanemergingspecialtywithstronggrowthinjobsexpectedmightbe______.

5.

Intheir20sand30s,menshouldconsidergettinginvolvedinvarioussportsforbodyflexibility.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.ThemayorofaSpanishtownoncetriedtousefreeairpassageandhousingto______.

7.

Ifrhymeisusedinthetaglineandthebrandnameismentioned,makesurethatthenameis______.

8.

Inthe1880's______uncoveredRuinsthatshowedtheexistenceofagreatcivilization.

9.Forthegeneticfallacy,thereisreferencetotheindividual'spersonalabilities.

10.Evenastheeconomyimproves,ajoblessexecutivemayfaceuptoayearormoreofunemployment.Thisisalotoftime,especiallyforhardcharginghigh-performerswhoarenotusedtohavinganyfreetime.Whilesomejobseekersspendhundreds—eventhousands--ofhoursdiscoveringdaytimetelevision,othersseemtothriveonactivitiesthatboosttheirprofessionalcareersorresolvefamilyissueswhentheyaren'tworking.

Havinganextendedperiodoffreetimeintheprimeofone'slifecaninfactbeauniqueopportunitytofocusonvolunteerservice,professionaleducationorpersonalgrowth.

CommunityInvolvement

ForLisaPerez,thewakeupcallwasburnedporkchops.Anexecutivewhopreviouslyhadn'tbeenparticularlyinterestedinhomeandhealthhadbecomeobsessedwithhomemakingduringastintofunemployment.

Sherealizedthatcleaningandorganizingherhomewasn'thelpingherjobsearch.Nevertheless,"Imadelistsof50thingstodoeveryday,"saysMs.Perez,apoliticalandpublic-relationsconsultantinScottsdale,Ariz."Myhousewasspotless,justsoI'dhavesomethingtodo."

Oneday,herboyfrienddidn'tarriveontimefordinnerbecausehehadtoworklate,andherporkchopswereruined.Shethrewafit."I'dneverbeenapersonlikethat,"shesays."SoIdecidedtostopfeelingsorryformyself,andgooutanddosomethingproductive."

Ms.Perez,35,resolvedtobecomeanactivevolunteerforthedurationofhersearch.Shegavehertimetoahealth-careconcern,ahousingprogramandapoliticalcampaign.

Theworkbolsteredherself-confidence."Volunteeringtakesthefocusoffofyou.Onethingyouhavethat'sstillvaluableisyourtime.And,ofcourse,youlearnthattherearethousandsofpeoplewithalifethat'smuchworsethanyours,"shesays.

Volunteerassignmentsarealsogreatwaystomeetpowerfulandwell-connectedpeople.Overasix-monthperiod,hervolunteeringevolvedintoworkingasapaidconsultantandthenasafull-timeemployee,ajobshestillholdstoday.Inall,shewasunemployedforeightmonths.

Beforeherjobloss,shethoughtshedidn'thavetimetovolunteerwhileworking."Now,eventhoughIhaveademandingjob,Istillvolunteer,becauseofwhatIgotoutofit,"saysMs.Perez.

ContinuingEducation

GeneBellavance,a36yearoldinformation-technologyprojectmanager,tookanotherrouteduringhisunemployment.WhenhewaslaidofffromasteelcompanynearCleveland,heknewhisimmediateprospectswerebleak.Heexpectedhissearchtotakeayear.Hefacedadecision:takeajobthatwouldsetbackhiscareerorholdoutforanofferhereallywanted.

Mr.Bellavanee,singleandvirtuallydebtfree,shiftedhisfinancesintosurvivalmode.Hecashedouthispension,soldhishouse,unloadedthingshedidn'tneedatgaragesales,andrentedanapartmentwitharoommate.Then,hesays,"IsignedupforeverybenefitIcouldfind."

Buthewasn'tjustwaitingouttheyear.Hespenttherestofhissearchupdatinghisskills,includingbecomingcertifiedinnewdatabaseandprojectmanagementsoftware."Youhavetoinvestinyourself,"Mr.Bellavancesays."Iestimatedwhattechnologywasgoingtobethemostbeneficialandchoseapplicationsthatweregoingtobepervasive,thatwererightformymarket,andthatweregoingtoensuretoppay."

InadditiontoincomefromtheoccasionalIT-consultingassignment,hereliedonacombinationofdisplaced-worker-retraininggrantsandunemploymentbenefits."Iwentoutandfoundtheclasses,submittedthepaperwork,anddealtwiththebureaucracy.Youhavetostayafterthem,keepingyourbenefitsmovingforward.It'suptoyoutomakeitworkwithyouroveralltransitionplan,"hesays.

Hisjobsearchwasonemonthshyofthe

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

______workswhenpatientstalkfreelyaboutthingstroublingthemandthenlearntocontroltheirfears.

12.

MakingsurethatBluetoothanditsconnecteddevicesdon'tinterferewithoneanothercanbedifficult.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Thebiggestsinglelossofplaneshappenedin______.

14.

TheBermudaTriangleseemstoform.atrianglebetween______,______,andtheoceaneastofPuertoRico.

15.WhyarebossesinthetelevisionindustrynervouswithZennstromandFriis?

A.ThetwohaverefreshedthemusicindustrybyKaZaA.

B.ThetwowoulddevastatethetelecomsindustrybySkype.

C.ThetwoalreadydestroyedthetelevisionindustrybyJoost.

D.ThetwomayruinthetelevisionindustrybyJoost.

16.Whatisveryimportantinthelong-distancetrainingofdogs?

A.Tourgedogsrunforg000to3000mileseveryday.

B.Totrainthedogsforatleastoneyear.

C.Totrainthedogstopullvehiclesondryland.

D.Togetthedogsaccustomedtorunninglongdistances.

17.

Accordingtothepassage,forthosewhoaregoodattellingliesanddon'tgetcaught,thequestionofwhetherornottoliecanbeahardandserious______.

18.

ThebookSilentSpringhaschangedourthinkingbyprovidinguswithanentirelynewanddifferentwayof______.

19.Accordingtoahoaxannouncement,theTacoBellCorporationboughttheLibertyBellandmovedittoIrvinetohelp______.

20.

Chinabecomesthemostdesirablemarketforforeigncigarettemanufacturersbecause______and______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

听力原文：TheEnglishpermanentsettlementsinNorthAmericabeganinthe17thcenturywhenWesternEuropewasundergoinggreatchanges.DuringtheMiddle-Ages,EuropewasunderthesinglespiritualauthorityoftheRomanCatholicChurch.Thepeasantsweretiedtothesoilandworkedinthefieldsfortheirlords.MerchantsandcraftsmenwerehandicappedbythesocialdisordersandearningwerecontrolledbytheChurch.Bythe16thcentury,somenewandpowerfulsocialforcesbegantoemergewhichledtotheawakeningofEuropeandthediscoveryofAmerica.

Thefirstnewforcewasthedevelopmentofcapitalism.Thegrowthofcapitalismproducedtwonewclasps—thebourgeoisclassandtheworkingdoss.Withthefastdevelopmentofcommerceandtrade,thebourgeoisiebecameincreasinglypowerfulinpoliticsaswellasineconomy.TheywantedtosharepowerwithfeudallordsandinsomecountriessuchasEnglandtheywantedtohavemorepowerfromthethattheycouldhavefreedevelopment,TheEnglishRevolutionwastheresultoftinsgrowthofcapitalism.

ThesecondmajorforcethatbroughtaboutthemoderndevelopmentofEuropewastheRenaissance,whichwasmarkedbyachafingoutlookonlife.TheGod-centeredworldwaschallengedbythegreatprogressinnaturalandsocialscience.ManychallengedtheauthorityoftheBibleandwerewillingtoobserve,experimentandtesttruthsforthemselves.Thisattitudepushedthedevelopmentoftechnology.

ThethirdinfluenceforcewastheReligiousReformation,areligiousreform.movementthatstaredfromGermany.

TheEnglish(36)______settlementsinNorthAmericabeganinthe17thcenturywhenWesternEuropewas(37)______greatchanges.DuringtheMiddle-Ages,Europewasunderthesingle(38)______authorityoftheRomanCatholicChurch.Thepeasantsweretiedtothesoilandworkedinthefieldsfortheirlands.(39)______andcraftsmenwere(40)______bythesocialdisorders.ArtandlearningwerecontrolledbytheChurch.Bythe16thcentury,somenewandpowerfulsocialforcesbeganto(41)______whichledtotheawakeningofEuropeandthediscoveryofAmerica.

Thefirstnewforcewasthedevelopmentofcapitalism.Thegrowthofcapitalismproducedtwonewclasses—thebourgeoisclassandtheworkingclass,withthefastdevelopmentof(42)______andtrade,thebourgeoisiebecame(43)______powerfulinpoliticsaswellasineconomy.Theywantedtosharepowerwithfeudallordsand(44)____________.TheEnglishRevolutionwastheresultofthisgrowthofcapitalism.

(45)____________.TheGod-centeredworldwaschallengedbythegreatprogressinnaturalandsocialscience.ManychallengedtheauthorityoftheBibleandwerewillingtoobserve,experimentandtesttruthsforthemselves.Thisattitudepushedthedevelopmentoftechnology.

(46)____________.

22.(32)

A.Repeatitaloud.

B.Writeitdown.

C.Makeamentalpictureofit.

D.Practicerecallingit.

23.(44)

24.听力原文：M:Hi,Janet,you'resoluckytobedonewithourfinalexamsandtermpapers.Ihavetwomorefinalstotake.

W:Really?

M:Yeah,sowhatareyoudoingthissummer,anythingspecial?

W:Well,actuallyyeah.MyparentshavealwayslikedtakingmysisterandmetodifferentplacesintheUnitedStates.Youknow,places,withhistoricalsignificance.Iguesstheywantedtoreinforcethestuffwelearnedinschoolabouthistory.Andsoeventhoughweareoldernow,theystilldoonceinawhile.Oh,sowhereareyougoingthissummer?

M:Well,thissummerit'sfinallygoingtobeGettysburg.

W:Finally?Youmeantheynevertookyouyet?ImeanGettysburg,it'sprobablythemostfamouscivilwarsiteinthecountry,andit'sonlyacoupleofhoursaway.Ithinkthatwouldbeoneofthefirstplacesthatthey'vetakenyou.Ihavebeenthereacoupleoftimes.

M:Weweregonnatogoaboutten,well,no,itwasexactlytenyearsago,butIdon'tknow,somethinghappened,Icannotrememberwhat.

W:Somethingchangedyourplans?

M:Yeah,don'taskmewhatitwas,butweended,upnotgoinganywherethatyear.Ihopethatdoesn'thappenagainthisyear.IwroteapaperaboutGettysburglastsemesterforahistoryclassIwastaking.WellaboutthepoliticalsituationintheUnitedStatesrightafterthebattleatGettysburg,SoI'meagertoseetheplace.

(23)

A.Placesthemanhasvisited.

B.Apaperthewomaniswritingforaclass.

C.Schoolactivitiestheyenjoy.

D.Thewoman'splansforthesummer.

25.(21)

A.Asubscriptiontoabook.

B.Abargainondancelessons.

C.AcheapairfaretoHawaii.

D.Amembershiptosportsclub.

26.听力原文：M:IwishIcouldgetusedtothisAmericancustomofusingfirstnames.

W:Iusuallycalljustmygoodfriendsbytheirfirstnames.

Q:What'sthemancomplainingabout?

(16)

A.Notgettingwhathewants.

B.Acustomthatisnewtohim.

C.Callingupcustomer.

D.Someofhisgoodfriends.

27.

【B7】

28.

【B10】

29.听力原文：M:(22)Iwouldliketorentacarwithagoodstereoforawholemonth.

W:Ithinkyoumadetherightchoice.Cometous.Wehaveawideselectionofvehiclesyoucanchoosefrom.Allourcarshavestereosinthem,andalsoairconditioning.

M:Good.(22)Iamherevisitingmygirlfriend.Iwanthertohaveagoodtime.

W:Oh,isthatso?Well,letmeshowyousomethingshemightlike.It'sonourbacklot.

M:ThisisaPorsche!ButIprobablycan'taffordit.Itmustbereallyexpensive.

W:Well,(23)it'sonly$500amonth.Yousee,thiscarhasalotofmilesonit.That'swhyit'ssocheap.Butit'sinniceshape,isn'tit?

M:Yes,italmostlooksnew.

W:Takeaseatinsideandseewhatyouthink.

M:OK.Wow,it'ssocool.

W:SoyouwilltakethePorschethen,sir?

M:Yes,andIwanttobuytheinsurancetoo.Ithinkit'snecessary.

W:You'resmarttobuyit.(23)At45dollarsforthreedays,itisagooddeal.

M:CanIreturnthecarinSanFrancisco?

W:SanFrancisco?No,sir.(24)Weonlyhavethisofficehere.Youwillhavetoreturnithere.

M:Really?IheardinAmericayoucanreturnrentalcarsindifferentcities.

W:No,sir.That'sonlywiththeverybigcompanies.I'msorry,butthiscarmustbereturnedtothislot.Doyoustillwantthecar,sir?

M:Yes.Itwillbefun.Drivingbackdownthecoast.Mygirlfriendwilllikeit.

W:Itwouldbeabeautifuldrive.

M:Wherearethekeys?

W:(25)Justamoment,sir.Wehavetofinishfillingouttheformsfirst.

(23)

A.Becausehewillhaveamonth-longbusinesstripinastrangecity.

B.Becauseheneedsacartogotoworkbuthecan'taffordtobuyone.

C.Becausehewantstomakehisgirlfriendhappyduringhisstay.

D.Becausehewantstopassthedrivingtestandneedspractice.

30.(26)

A.Becausehehassomeknowledgeofthelaw.

B.Becauseheknowstheowner.

C.Becausehecanbringlawsuitagainsttheowner.

D.Becauseheoncehadthesameproblem.

31.

【B6】

32.

【B3】

33.【B3】

34.(40)

35.

【B5】

36.(31)

A.Whenhehastodohisworkonfoot.

B.Whenhehastowalkupanddownstairs.

C.Whenheissometimesgreetedinanunpleasantway.

D.Whenhehasaregisteredletter.

37.(45)

38.

【B2】

39.听力原文：M:Ihearyou'reworkingasamarketsurveyorthissummer.It'sgoingtobedifficultaskingthesamequestionseveryday.

W:Well,itisreallychallenging,butIcanmeetpeopleindifferentfieldseverydayandthepayisdecentenough.

Q:Howdoesthewomanfindherjob?

(18)

A.Theworkishardjobwithlowsalary.

B.Thejobiseasyworkwithgoodincome.

C.Thejobischallengingbutrewarding.

D.Theonlygoodthingabouttheworkistomeetnewpeople.

40.听力原文：M:Whathappenedatyourfarmwhentheearthquakepassed?

W:Oh,itwasterrible,I'llneverforgetittomydyingday.IhopeIneverseeanythinglikethatagain.Itwasterrible.

M:Butthat'sincredible,Mrs.Skinner.Didyousaythateverythinginfrontofyourhousehadmoved?

W:Yes,everythinghadmovedintotheplaceoftheother!

M:Butyourfrontpathhadcompletelydisappeared?

W:Yes,that'sright.Ohitwasterrible,terrible.

M:AndyourhusbandJack?Washeallright?

W:Yes,butthecowshedhadmovedtoo,ithadmovedseveralmetres.Jackwasallright,Icouldseehimrunningroundafterthecows,allthecowshadescaped,yousee.Theywererunningallovertheplace,itwasimpossibletocatchthem.

M:SoJack,yourhusband,wasallright.

W:Wellhewasabitshockedlikeme,buthewasallright.Oh,Iforgottotellyouaboutthegranarythathadmovedsouthtoo.Itsnormalplacewasbehindthehouseandnowitwasnearthecowshed.Canyoubelieveit?

M:Incredible,Mrs.Skinner.Andthehouseitself,whataboutyourhouse?

W:Wellthenwesawwhathadhappened.Everythinghadmovedoneway,thatis,tothesouth,exceptthehouse.Thehouse,canyoubelieveit,hadmovedtheotherway—thehousehadmovednorth.Sothehousewentonewayandeverythingelse—thegarden,thetrees,thegranary—wenttheotherway.

M:Incredible,Mrs.Skinner,absolutelyincredible.

(20)

A.Ruinedbyfileearthquake.

B.Moved3meters.

C.Asgoodasever.

D.Unknown.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Thepassageismostlikelyapartofa______.

42.

WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.ThereisnoclearlydefinedrightandwronginTVimages.

B.Televisiondoesn'texpressideasalthoughitisintendedtoconveytroth.

C.Translatinglifeintoanimageismoreeffectivethanexpressingreactionstolifeinwordsinteachinglifevalues.

D.TVpresentationofimagesrecordswhatisgoingonobjectively.

43.

【C10】

44.

【C9】

45.

Onespousegoingtoschoolwouldmaketheother______.

46.

WhatistheadvantageoftheGreatDepression,accordingtoTime?

A.Itincreasedtheyouthchancesforabetterjob.

B.Itincreasedtheyouth'scrisisawareness.

C.Itmadetheyouthlearntobemature.

D.Itmadetheyouthmorepatriotic.

47.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Whenitcomestosaving,theU.S.andChinahaveoppositeproblems.

Thetwomajorplayersintheglobaleconomy,theU.S.andChina,areoperatingatoppositeendsofthesavingspectrum.ThriftyChinesehavetakensavingtoexcess,whileprofligate(挥霍无度的)Americanshavespenttheirwayintodebt.Neitherofthesetrendsissustainable—theyleadtodestabilizingeconomicandpoliticaldevelopmentsforbothnations—andabetterbalancemustbestruck.Chinaneedstoconvertexcesssavingintoconsumption,whiletheU.S.needstoenditsbuyingbinge(无节制)andrediscovertheartofsaving.

Thenumbersleavelittledoubtastotheextraordinarycontrastbetweenthetwoeconomies.LastyearChinasavedabouthalfofitsgrossdomesticproduct,orsome$1.1trillion.Atthesametime,theU.S.savedonly13%ofitsnationalincome,or$1.6trillion.That'sright,theU.S.,whoseeconomyissixtimesthesizeofChina'scan'tmanagetosavetwiceasmuchmoney.

Andthat'sjustlookingatnationalaveragesthatincludesavingbyconsumers,businesses,andgovernments.Thecontrastisevenstarkeratthehouseholdlevel—apersonalsavingrateinChinaofabout30%ofhouseholdincome,comparedwithaU.S.ratethatdippedintonegativeterritorylastyear(-0.4%ofafter-taxhouseholdincome).

Theseareextremereadingsbyanystandard.TheU.S.hasn'tpusheditspersonalsavingratethisfarintonegativeterritorysince1933,inthedepthsoftheDepression.AndtheChineserateishigherthanithasbeenatanypointinthepast28years,sinceitsmodemreformsbegan.Similarextremesshowupintheconsumptionsharesofthetwoeconomies—themirrorimageoftrendsinpersonalsavingrates.U.S.consumptionhasheldatarecord71%ofGDPsinceearly2002,whileChineseconsumptionappearstohaveslippedtoarecordlowofabout50%ofGDPin2005.

InChina'scase,relativelyweakconsumptionmeansitsgrowthdynamicisskewed(使歪斜)heavilytowardexportsandfixedinvestment.Thesetwosectorsaccountformorethan75%ofChineseGDPandaregrowingbymorethan25%ayear.IfChinastayswiththisgrowthmix,anyfurtherincreaseontheexportsidewouldbearecipefortradefrictionsandprotectionistresponses.That'scertainlythedirectionWashingtonisheadinginthesedays.Moreover,acontinuedburstofChineseinvestmentcouldleadtoexcesscapacityanddeflationathome.

TheU.S.savingshortfallisequallystressful.Americanconsumershavemistakenbubble-likeappreciation(增值)oftheirhomesforsaving.Facingweakgrowthinlaborincomes—realcompensationpaidoutbytheprivatesectorhaslaggedbehindthenormofpastbusinesscyclesbymorethan$360billion—theyhaveturnedtodebt-financedequityextractionfromtheirhomesinordertokeepconsuming.

Bysaying"theU.S.andChinahaveoppositeproblems"(Line1,Para.1),theauthorthinksthatthesavingproblemsintheU.S.andChinaare______.

48.

Nowtheresearchersarefocusingonthosewhoexperienced______.

49.TheFDAbannedtheuseofantibioticfromfood-producinganimalsbecausepublichealthexpertswereconcernedabout______.

50.Muchofthelanguageusedtodescribemonetarypolicy,suchas"steeringtheeconomytoasoftlanding"or"atouchonthebrakes",makesitsoundlikeaprecisescience.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Thelinkbetweeninterestratesandinflationisuncertain.Andtherearelong,variablelagsbeforepolicychangeshaveanyeffectontheeconomy.Hencetheanalogythatlikenstheconductofmonetarypolicytodrivingacarwithablackenedwindscreen,acrackedrearviewmirrorandafaultysteeringwheel.

Givenallthesedisadvantages,centralbankersseemtohavehadmuchtoboastaboutoflate.Averageinflationinthebigsevenindustrialeconomiesfelltoamere2.3%lastyear,closetoitslowestlevelin30years,beforerisingslightlyto2.5%thisJuly.Thisisalongwaybelowthedouble-digitrateswhichmanycountriesexperiencedinthe1970sandearly1980s.

Itisalsolessthanmostforecastershadpredicated.Inlate1994thepane]ofeconomistswhichTheEconomistpollseachmonthsaidthatAmerica'sinflationratewouldaverage3.5%in1995.Infact,itfellto2.6%inAugust,andisexpectedtoaverageonlyabout3%fortheyearasawhole.InBritainandJapaninflationisrunninghalfapercentagepointbelowtheratepredictedattheendoflastyear.Thisisnoflashinthepan;overthepastcoupleofyears,inflationhasbeenconsistentlylowerthanexpectedinBritainandAmerica.

EconomistshavebeenparticularlysurprisedbyfavorableinflationfiguresinBritainandtheUnitedStates,sinceconventionalmeasuressuggestthatbotheconomies,andespeciallyAmerica's,havelittleproductiveslack.America'scapacityutilization,forexample,hithistoricallyhighlevelsearlierthisyear,anditsjoblessrate(5.6%inAugust)hasfallenbelowmostestimatesofthenaturalrateofunemployment—theratebelowwhichinflationhastakenoffinthepast.

Whyhasinflationprovedsomild?Themostthrillingexplanationis,unfortunately,alittledefective.Someeconomistsarguethatpowerfulstructuralchangesintheworldhaveup-ended(颠倒)theoldeconomicmodelsthatwerebaseduponthehistoricallinkbetweengrowthandinflation.

Fromthepassagewelearnthat______.

A.thereisadefiniterelationshipbetweeninflationandinterestrates

B.economywillalwaysfollowcertainmodels

C.theeconomicsituationisbetterthanexpected

D.economistshadforeseenthepresenteconomicsituation

51.

Accordingtothepassage,"dwindle"means______.

A.decreaseB.enlargeC.weakenD.eliminate

52.

Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.MyFavoritePoster.

B.TakeLifeSeriously.

C.FaceChallengeofLife.

D.LifeIsOnlyATest.

53.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

BasicEnglishisEnglishmadesimplebylimitingthenumberofitswordsto850,andbycuttingdowntherulesforusingthemtothesmallestnumbernecessaryfortheclearstatementsofideas.Andthisisdonewithoutchangeinthenormalorderandbehavior.ofthesewordsineverydayEnglish.Thisisthefirstpointtomakeclear.BasicEnglishhasonly850wordsanditsrules,butitkeepstotheregularformsofEnglish.Andthoughitisdesignedtogivethelearneraslittletroubleaspossible,itisnomorestrangetotheeyesofitsreadersthantheselines,whichare,infact,inBasicEnglish.

ThesecondpointtomakeclearisthatevenwithsosmallawordlistandsosimpleastructureitispossibletosayinBasicEnglishanythingneededforthegeneralpurposesofeverydayexistence—inbusiness,trade,industry,science,medicalwork—inalltheartsofliving,inalltheexchangesofknowledge,desires,beliefs,opinions,andnews,whicharethechiefworkofalanguage.Itistruethatifwegooutsidethefieldofgeneralinterestsandintospecialbranchesofthesciences,theartsorthetrades,weshallhavetohaveotherwords,notlistedamongthe850.Butthesensesoftheseotherwordsmaybemadeclearinfootnoteswiththe850,byteachinggiventhroughBasicEnglish,ortheymaybeseenintheGeneralBasicEnglishDictionary,which,usingonlythebasicwords,givesthesensesoftwentythousandwords.InthiswayBasicEnglishbecomesaframeworkinwhichwordsneededforspecialpurposestaketheirplace,andfromandthroughwhichtheytaketheirsenses.Aknowledgeofthe850andoftherulesbywhichtheyareputtogetherisenough,however,fortalkandwritingonalleverydaygenerallevels.Itwouldbeclearbutnotverybrightreading.Thesameword—becausethereareonly850ofthem—wouldkeepcomingbackagainandagain.AreaderwhohastherestoftheEnglishLanguagemaygetalittletiredofBasicWritingafteratime.

ThethirdmostimportantpointaboutBasicEnglishisthatitisnotmerelyalistofwords,governedbyaminimumapparatusofessentialEnglishGrammar,butahighlyorganizedsystemdesignedthroughouttobeaseasyaspossibleforalearnerwhoistotallyignorantofEnglishorofanyrelatedlanguage.Itisalanguageforalltheworld,notjustforthosewhohappentohavesomerelatedlanguageastheirmothertongue.

Whatdoes"theselines"inParagraph1referto?

54.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

"Theworld'senvironmentissurprisinglyhealthy.Discuss."Ifthatwereanexaminationtopic,moststudentswouldtearitapart,offeringalonglistofcomplaints:fromlocalsmog(烟雾)toglobalclimatechange,fromthefelling(砍伐)offoreststotheextinctionofspecies.Thelistwouldlargelybeaccurate,theconcernlegitimate.Yetthestudentswhoshouldbegiventhehighestmarkswouldactuallybethosewhoagreedwiththestatement.Thesurpriseishowgoodthingsare,nothowbad.

Afterall,theworld'spopulationhasmorethantripledduringthiscentury,andworldoutputhasrisenhugely,soyouwouldexpecttheearthitselftohavebeenaffected.Indeed,ifpeoplelived,consumedandproducedthingsinthesamewayastheydidin1900(or1950,orindeed1980),theworldbynowwouldbeaprettydisgustingplace:smelly,dirty,toxicanddangerous.

Buttheydon't.Th