六级模拟考试试题

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoacompanydeclininga

joboffer.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.对公司提供职位表示感谢；

2.解释为何不能接受所提供的职位；

3.希望给予谅解，并表达对公司的良好祝愿。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上。

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthe

questionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1-4,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

SpaceTourism

Makeyourreservationsnow.Thespacetourismindustryisofficiallyopenforbusiness,and

ticketsaregoingfbramere$20millionforaone-weekstayinspace.Despitereluctancefrom

NationalAirandSpaceAdministration(NASA),RussiamadeAmericanbusinessmanDennisTito

theworld'sfirstspacetourist.TitoflewintospaceaboardaRussianSoyuzrocketthatarrivedat

theInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)onApril30,2001.Thesecondspacetourist,SouthAfrican

businessmanMarkShuttleworth,tookoffaboardtheRussianSoyuzonApril25,2002,alsobound

fortheISS.

LanceBassof'NSyncwassupposedtobethethirdtomakethe$20milliontrip,buthedid

notjointhethree-mancrewastheyblastedoffonOctober30,2002,duetolackofpayment.

ProbablythemostincredibleaspectofthisproposedspacetourwasthatNASAapprovedofit.

Thesetripsarethebeginningofwhatcouldbeaprofitable21stcenturyindustry.Thereare

alreadyseveralspacetourismcompaniesplanningtobuildsuborbitalvehiclesandorbitalcities

withinthenexttwodecades.Thesecompanieshaveinvestedmillions,believingthatthespace

tourismindustryisonthevergeoftakingoff.

In1997,NASApublishedareportconcludingthatsellingtripsintospacetoprivatecitizens

couldbeworthbillionsofdollars.AJapanesereportsupportsthesefindings,andprojectsthat

spacetourismcouldbea$10billionperyearindustrywithinthenexttwodecades.Theonly

obstaclestoopeningupspacetotouristsarethespaceagencies,whoareconcernedwithsafety

andthedevelopmentofareliable,reusablelaunchvehicle.

SpaceAccommodations

Russia'sMirspacestationwassupposedtobethefirstdestinationforspacetourists.Butin

March2001,theRussianAerospaceAgencybroughtMirdownintothePacificOcean.Asit

turnedout,bringingdownMironlytemporarilydelayedthefirsttouristtripintospace.

TheMircrashdidcancelplansfbranewreality-basedgameshowfromNBC,whichwas

goingtobecalledDestinationMir.TheSurvivor-likeTVshowwasscheduledtoairinfall2001.

ParticipantsontheshowweretogothroughtrainingatRussia'scosmonaut（宇航员）training

center,StarCity.Eachweek,oneoftheparticipantswouldbeeliminatedfromtheshow,withthe

winnerreceivingatriptotheMirspacestation.TheMircrashhasruledoutNBC'sspaceplansfor

now.NASAisagainstbeginningspacetourismuntiltheInternationalSpaceStationiscompleted

in2006.

Russiaisnotaloneinitsinterestinspacetourism.Thereareseveralprojectsunderwayto

commercializespacetravel.Hereareafewofthegroupsthatmighttaketouriststospace:

•SpaceIslandGroupisgoingtobuildaring-shaped,rotatingncommercialspaceinfrastructure

（基础结构）"thatwillresembletheDiscoveryspacecraftinthemovie”2001:ASpace

Odyssey".SpaceIslandsaysitwillbuilditsspacecityoutofemptyNASAspace-shuttlefuel

tanks（tostart,itshouldtakearound12orso）,andplaceitabout400milesaboveEarth.The

spacecitywillrotateonceperminutetocreateagravitationalpullone-thirdasstrongas

Earth's.

•Accordingtotheirvisionstatement,SpaceAdventuresplansto"flytensofthousandsof

peopleinspaceoverthenext10-15yearsandbeyond,aroundthemoon,andback,from

spaceportsbothonEarthandinspace,toandfromprivatespacestations,andaboarddozens

ofdifferentvehicles..."

•EvenHiltonHotelshasshowninterestinthespacetourismindustryandthepassivityof

buildingorco-fundingaspacehotel.However,thecompanydidsaythatitbelievessucha

spacehotelis15to20yearsaway.

Initially,spacetourismwilloffersimpleaccommodationsatbest.Forinstance,ifthe

InternationalSpaceStationisusedasatouristattraction,guestswon'tfindtheluxurious

surroundingsofahotelroomonEarth.Ithasbeendesignedforconductingresearch,not

entertainment.However,thefirstgenerationofspacehotelsshouldoffertouristsamuchmore

comfortableexperience.

InregardtoaconceptforaspacehotelinitiallyplannedbySpaceIsland,suchahotelcould

offerguestseveryconveniencetheymightfindatahotelonEarth,andsometheymightnot.The

smallgravitationalpullcreatedbytherotatingspacecitywouldallowspace-touristsandresidents

towalkaroundandfunctionnormallywithinthestructure.Everythingfromrunningwatertoa

recyclingplanttomedicalfacilitieswouldbepossible.Additionally,spacetouristswouldevenbe

abletotakespacewalks.

Manyofthesecompaniesbelievethattheyhavetoofferanextremelyenjoyableexperience

inorderforpassengerstopaythousands,ifnotmillions,ofdollarstorideintospace.Sowillspace

createanotherseparationbetweenthehavesandhave-nots?

TheMostExpensiveVacation

Willspacebeanexoticretreatreservedforonlythewealthy?Orwillmiddle-classfolkshave

achancetotaketheirfamiliestospace?Makenomistakeaboutit,goingtospacewillbethemost

expensivevacationyouevertake.Pricesrightnowareinthetensofmillionsofdollars.Currently,

theonlyvehiclesthatcantakeyouintospacearethespaceshuttleandtheRussianSoyuz,bothof

whichareterriblyinefficient.Eachspacecraftrequiresmillionsofpoundsoffueltotakeoffinto

space,whichmakesthemexpensivetolaunch.Onepoundofpayload（有效载重）costsabout

$10,000topatintoEarth1sorbit.

NASAandLockheedMartinarecurrentlydevelopingasingle-stage-to-orbitlaunchspace

plane,calledtheVentureStar,thatcouldbelaunchedforaboutatenthofwhatthespaceshuttle

coststolaunch.IftheVentureStartakesoff,thenumberofpeoplewhocouldaffordtotakeatrip

intospacewouldmoveintothemillions.

In1998,ajointreportfromNASAandtheSpaceTransportationAssociationstatedthat

improvementsintechnologycouldpushfaresforspacetravelaslowas$50,000andpossibly

downto$20,000or$10,000adecadelater.Thereportconcludedthatataticketpriceof$50,000,

therecouldbe500,000passengersflyingintospaceeachyear.Whilestillleavingoutmanypeople,

thesepriceswouldopenupspacetoatremendousamountoftraffic.

Sincethebeginningofthespacerace,thegeneralpublichassaid,"Isn'tthatgreat-whendoI

gettogo?"Well,ourchancemightbecloserthanever.Withinthenext20years,spaceplanes

couldbetakingofffortheMoonatthesamefrequencyasairplanesflyingbetweenNewYorkand

LosAngeles.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1.LanceBasswasn'tabletogoonatourofspacebecauseofhealthproblems.

2.Severaltourismcompaniesbelievespacetravelisgoingtobeanewprofitableindustry.

3.Thespaceagenciesarereluctanttoopenupspacetotourists.

4.TwoAustralianbillionaireshavebeenplacedonthewaitinglistforenteringspaceasprivate

passengers.

5.Theprizeforthewinnerinthefall2001NBCTVgameshowwouldhavebeen.

6.HiltonHotelsbelievesitwon'tbelongbeforeitispossibletobuilda

7.Inorderforspacetouriststowalkaroundandfunctionnormally,itisnecessai'yforthespace

citytocreatea.

8.Whatmakesgoingtospacethemostexpensivevacationistheenormouscostinvolved

in.

9.Eachyear500,000spacetouristscouldbeflyingintospaceifticketpricescouldbelowered

to.

10.Withinthenexttwodecades,couldbeascommonasintercityairtravel.

PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Atthe

endofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththe

conversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.

Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D]fanddecidewhich

isthebestanswerThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleline

throughthecenter.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11.[A]Dr.Smith1swaitingroomisn'ttidy.

[BIDi:Smithenjoysreadingmagazines.

[C]Dr.Smithhasleftagoodimpressiononher.

[D]Dr.Smithmaynotbeagoodchoice.

12.[A]Themanwillrenttheapartmentwhenitisavailable.

[B]Themanmadeabargainwiththelandladyovertherent.

[C]Themaninsistsonhavingalookattheapartmentfirst.

[D]Themanisnotfullysatisfiedwiththeapartment.

13.[A]Packinguptogoabroad.

|BJBrushinguponherEnglish.

[C]DrawingupaplanforherEnglishcourse.

[D]ApplyingforavisatotheUnitedStates.

14.[A]Heisanxioustofindacureforhishighbloodpressure.

[B]Hedoesn'tthinkhighbloodpressureisaproblemfbrhim.

[C]Hewasnotawareofhisillnessuntildiagnosedwithit.

[D]Hedidnottakethesymptomsofhisillnessseriously.

15.[A]ToinvestigatethecausesofAIDS.

|B]ToraisemoneyforAIDSpatients.

[C]TorallysupportforAIDSvictimsinAfrica.

[D]TodrawattentiontothespreadofAIDSinAsia.

16.[A]Ithasaverylonghistory.

[B]Itisaprivateinstitution.

[C]ItwasfoundedbyThomasJefferson.

[D]Itstressesthecomprehensivestudyofnature.

17.[A]Theycan'tfitintothemachine.

[B]Theyhavenotbeendeliveredyet.

[C]Theyweresenttothewrongaddress.

|D|Theywerefoundtobeofthewrongtype.

18.[A]Thefoodservedinthecafeteriausuallylacksvariety.

[BJThecafeteriasometimesprovidesrarefoodforthestudents.

[C]Thestudentsfindtheserviceinthecafeteriasatisfactory.

[D]Thecafeteriatrieshardtocatertothestudents'needs.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.[A]Hepickedupsomeapplesinhisyard.

[B]Hecutsomebranchesofftheappletree.

[C]Hequarreledwithhisneighboroverthefence.

[D]Hecleanedupallthegarbageinthewoman'syard.

20.[A]Trimtheappletreesinheryard.

[B]Pickuptheapplesthatfellinheryard.

[C]Takethegarbagetothecurbforher.

[D]Removethebranchesfiomheryard.

21.[A]Filealawsuitagainsttheman.

[B]Askthemanforcompensation.

[C]Havetheman'sappletreecutdown.

[D]Throwgarbageintotheman'syard.

22.[A]Hewasreadytomakeaconcession.

[B]Hewasnotpreparedtogotocourt.

[C]Hewasnotintimidated.

[D]Hewasabitconcerned.

Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

23.[A]Badweather.

[B]Humanerror.

[C]Breakdownoftheengines.

[D]Failureofthecommunicationssystem.

24.[A]Twothousandfeet.

[B]Twelvethousandfeet.

[C]Twentythousandfeet.

[D]Twenty-twothousandfeet.

25.[A]Accuratecommunicationisofutmostimportance.

[B|Pilotsshouldbeabletospeakseveralforeignlanguages.

[C]Aircontrollersshouldkeepaclosewatchontheweather.

[D]Cooperationbetweenpilotsandaircontrollersisessential.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhere3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwill

hearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhear

aquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].

ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

PassageOne

Questions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

26.[A]Hisfathercaughtaseriousdisease.

|B|Hismotherpassedaway.

[C]Hismotherlefthimtomarryarichbusinessman.

[D]Hisfathertooktodrinking.

27.[A]Hedislikedbeingdisciplined.

|B]Hewasexpelledbytheuniversity.

[C]Hecouldn'tpayhisgamblingdebts.

[D]Heenjoyedworkingforamagazine.

28.[A]HispoemsareheavilyinfluencedbyFrenchwriters.

[B]HisstoriesaremainlysetintheStateofVirginia.

[C]Hisworkisdifficulttoread.

[D]Hislanguageisnotrefined.

29.[A]Hegrievedtodeathoverthelossofhiswife.

|B]Hecommittedsuicideforunknownreasons.

[C]Hewasshotdeadattheageof40.

[D]Hediedofheavydrinking.

PassageTwo

Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

30.[A]Women.

[B]Prisoners.

[C]Manualworkers.

[D]Schoolagechildren.

31.[A]Hetaughthisstudentshowtopronouncethelettersfirst.

[B]Hematchedtheletterswiththesoundsfamiliartothelearners.

[C]Heshowedthelearnershowtocombinethelettersintosimplewords.

[D]Hedividedthelettersintogroupsaccordingtothewaytheyarewritten.

32.[A]Itcanhelppeopletobecomeliteratewithinashorttime.

[B]ItwasoriginallydesignedforteachingtheEnglishlanguage.

[C]Itenablesthelearnerstomasteralanguagewithinthreemonths.

[D]ItiseffectiveinteachinganyalphabeticallanguagetoBrazilians.

PassageThree

Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

33.[A]Thecrop'sbloomingperiodisdelayed.

[B]Therootsofcropsarecutoff.

[C]Thetopsoilisseriouslydamaged.

[D]Thegrowthofweedsisaccelerated.

34.[AlIt*sanewwayofapplyingchemicalfertilizer.

[B]It*sanimprovedmethodofharvestingcrops.

[C]It'sacreativetechniqueforsavinglabor.

[D]It'safanningprocesslimitingtheuseofploughs.

35.[A]Inareaswithfewweedsandunwantedplants.

|B]Inareaswithasevereshortageofwater.

[C|Inareaslackinginchemicalfertilizer.

[D]Inareasdependentonimportedfood.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthe

firsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecond

time,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhave

justheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.

Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemain

pointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheck

whatyouhavewritten.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Adultsaregettingsmarterabouthowsmartbabiesare.Notlongago,researcherslearnedthat

4-day-oldscouldunderstand(36)andsubtraction.Now,Britishresearch(37)

GrahamSchaferhasdiscoveredthatinfantscanlearnwordsforuncommonthingslongbefore

theycanspeak.Hefoundthat9-month-oldinfantscouldbetaught,throughrepeatedshow-and-tell,

to(38)thenamesofobjectsthatwereforeigntothem,aresultthat(39)in

somewaysthereceived(40)that,apartfromlearningto(41)thingscommon

totheirdailylives,childrendon'tbegintobuildvocabularyuntilwellintotheirsecondyear.nIt's

no(42)thatchildrenlearnwords,butthewordstheytendtoknowarewordslinkedto

(43)situationsinthehome,'*explainsSchafer."(44)

withanunfamiliarvoicegivinginstructionsinan

unfamiliarsetting.1'

"Figuringouthowhumansacquirelanguagemayshedlightonwhysomechildrenlearnto

readandwritelaterthanothers,"Schafersays,"andcouldleadtobettertreatmentsfor

developmentalproblems.H(45).

"Languageisatestcaseforhumancognitivedevelopment,"saysSchafer.Butparentseagerto

teachtheirinfantsshouldtakenote:(46)"This

isnotaboutadvancingdevelopment,"hesays."It'sjustaboutwhatchildrencandoatanearlier

agethanwhateducatorshaveoftenthought."

PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.

Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewest

possiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2.

Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

I'veheardfromandtalkedtomanypeoplewhodescribedhowMotherNaturesimplifiedtheir

livesforthem.They'dlosttheirhomeandmanyoralloftheirpossessionsthroughfires,floods,

earthquakes,orsomeotherdisaster.Losingeverythingyouownundersuchcircumstancescanbe

distressing,butthepeopleI'veheardfromallsawtheirloss,ultimately,asablessing.

"Thefiresavedustheagonyofdecidingwhattokeepandwhattogetridof,"onewoman

wrote.Andonceallthosethingswerenolongerthere,sheandherhusbandsawhowtheyhad

weighedthemdownandcomplicatedtheirlives.

"Therewassomuchstuffweneverusedandthatwasjusttakingupspace.Wevowedwhen

westartedover,we'dreplaceonlywhatweneeded,andthistimewe'ddoitfight.We'vekeptour

promise:wedon'thavemuchnow,butwhatwehaveisexactlywhatwewant."

Thoughwe'veneverhadacatastrophiclosssuchasthat,GibbsandIdidhaveaclosecall

shortlybeforewedecidedtosimplify.Atthattimewelivedinafirezone.Onenightafirestorm

ragedthroughanddestroyedoversixhundredhomesinourcommunity.Thattragedygaveusthe

opportunitytolookobjectivelyatthegoodswe'daccumulated.

Wesawthattherewassomuchwecouldgetridofandnotonlynevermiss,butbebetteroff

without.Havingalmostlostitall,wefounditmucheasiertoletgoofthethingsweknewwe'd

neveruseagain.

Obviously,there'satremendousdifferencebetweengettingridofpossessionsandlosing

themthroughanaturaldisasterwithouthavingasayinthematter.Andthisisnottominimizethe

tragedyandpainsuchalosscangenerate.

Butyoumightthinkabouthowyouwouldapproachtheacquisitionprocessifyouhaditto

doalloveragain.Lookaroundyourhomeandmakealistofwhatyouwouldreplace.

Makeanotherlistofthingsyouwouldn'tacquireagainnomatterwhat,andinfactwouldbe

happytoberidof.

Whenyou'rereadytostartunloadingsomeofyourstuff,thatlistwillbeagoodplaceto

start.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

47.Manypeoplewhosepossessionsweredestroyedinnaturaldisasterseventually

consideredtheirlossL

48.Nowthatalltheirpossessionswerelostinthefire,thewomanandherhusbandfeltthat

theirliveshadbeen.

49.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor\housefromthesentence"GibbsandIdidhavea

closecall..."（Lines1-2,Para,4）?

50.Accordingtotheauthor,gettingridofpossessionsandlosingthemthroughanatural

disasterarevastlyL

51.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledowithunnecessarythings?

SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].You

shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecenter.

PassageOne

Questions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Inapurelybiologicalsense,fearbeginswiththebody'ssystemforreactingtothingsthatcan

harmus—theso-calledfight-or-flightresponse."Ananimalthatcan'tdetectdangercan'tstay

alive/1saysJosephLeDoux.Likeanimals,humansevolvedwithanelaboratemechanismfor

processinginformationaboutpotentialthreats.Atitscoreisaclusterofneurons（神经元）deepin

thebrainknownastheamygdale（扁核桃）.

LeDouxstudiesthewayanimalsandhumansrespondtothreatstounderstandhowweform

memoriesofsignificanteventsinourlives.Theamygdalereceivesinputfrommanypartsofthe

brain,includingregionsresponsiblefbrretrievingmemories.Usingthisinformation,theamygdale

appraisesasituation-Ithinkthischargingdogwantstobiteme—andtriggersaresponseby

radiatingnervesignalsthroughoutthebody.Thesesignalsproducethefamiliarsignsofdistress:

trembling,perspirationandfast-movingfeet,justtonamethree.

Thisfearmechanismiscriticaltothesurvivalofallanimals,butnoonecansayforsure

whetherbeastsotherthanhumansknowthey'reafraid.Thatis,asLeDouxsays,"Ifyouputthat

systemintoabrainthathasconsciousness,thenyougetthefeelingoffear.1'

Humans,saysEdwardM.Hallowell,havetheabilitytocallupimagesofbadthingsthat

happenedinthepastandtoanticipatefutureevents.Combinethesehigherthoughtprocesseswith

ourhardwireddanger-detectionsystems,andyougetanear-universa!humanphenomenon:worry.

That'snotnecessarilyabadthing,saysHallowell."Whenusedproperly,worryisan

incredibledevice,'1hesays.Afterall,alittlehealthyworryingisokayifitleadstoconstructive

action—likehavingadoctorlookatthatweirdspotonyourback.

Hallowellinsists,though,thatthere5sarightwaytoworry."Neverdoitalone,getthefacts

andthenmakeaplan,1'hesays.Mostofushavesurvivedarecession,sowe'refamiliarwiththe

belt-tighteningstrategiesneededtosurviveaslump.

Unfortunately,fewofushavemuchexperiencedealingwiththethreatofterrorism,soit's

beendifficulttogetfactsabouthowweshouldrespond.That1swhyHallowellbelievesitwas

okayforpeopletoindulgesomeextremeworrieslastfallbyaskingdoctorsforCipro（抗炭疽菌

的药物）andbuyinggasmasks.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

52.The"so-calledfight-or-flightresponse"（Line2,Para.1）refersto"

[A]thebiologicalprocessinwhichhumanbeings*senseofself-defenseevolves

[B|theinstinctivefearhumanbeingsfeelwhenfacedwithpotentialdanger

[C]theactofevaluatingadangeroussituationandmakingaquickdecision

[D]theelaboratemechanisminthehumanbrainforretrievinginformation

53.FromthestudiesconductedbyLeDouxwelearnthat

[A]reactionsofhumansandanimalstodangeroussituationsareoftenunpredictable

[B]memoriesofsignificanteventsenablepeopletocontrolfearanddistress

[Clpeople'sunpleasantmemoriesarederivedfromtheirfeelingsoffear

[DJtheamygdaleplaysavitalpartinhumanandanimalresponsestopotentialdanger

54.Fromthepassageweknowthat

[A]alittleworrywilldousgoodifhandledproperly

[B]alittleworrywillenableustosurvivearecession

[Clfearstrengthensthehumandesiretosurvivedanger

[D]fearhelpspeopletoanticipatecertainfutureevents

55.WhichofthefollowingisthebestwaytodealwithyourworriesaccordingtoHallowell?

[A]Askforhelpfromthepeoplearoundyou.

[B]Usethebelt-tighteningstrategiesforsurvival.

[C]Seekprofessionaladviceandtakeaction

[D]Understandthesituationandbefullyprepared.

56.InHallowell'sview,people'sreactiontotheterroristthreatlastfallwas

[A]ridiculous|B]understandable[C]over-cautious[D]sensible

PassageTwo

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

AmitaiEtzioniisnotsurprisedbythelatestheadingsaboutschemingcorporatecrooks（骗

子）.AsavisitingprofessorattheHarvardBusinessSchoolin1989,heendedhisworkthere

disgustedwithhisstudents*overwhelminglustformoney.'They'retaughtthatprofitisallthat

matters,'*hesays.nManyschoolsdon*tevenofferethics（伦理学）coursesatall."

Etzioniexpressedhisfrustrationabouttheinterestsofhisgraduatestudents."Byandlarge,I

clearlyhadnotfoundawaytohelpclassesfullofMBAsseethatthereismoretolifethanmoney,

power,fameandself-interest,"hewroteatthetime.Todayhestilltakestheblamefornot

educatingthese"business-leaders-to-be"."IreallyfeellikeIfailedthem,“hesays."IfIwasa

betterteachermaybeIcouldhavereachedthem."

EtzioniwasarespectedethicsexpertwhenhearrivedatHarvard.Hehopedhisworkatthe

universitywouldgivehiminsightintohowquestionsofmoralitycouldbeappliedtoplaceswhere

self-interestflourished.Whathefoundwasn'tencouraging.Thosewould-beexecutiveshad,says

Etzioni,littleinterestinconceptsofethicsandmoralityintheboardroom—andtheirprofessorwas

metwithblankstareswhenheurgedhisstudentstoseebusinessinnewanddifferentways.

EtzioniseestheexperienceatHarvardasaneye-openingoneandsaysthere'smuchabout

businessschoolsthathe'dliketochange.”Alotofthefacultyteachingbusinessarebadnews

themselves,MEtzionisays.Fromofferingclassesthatteachstudentshowtolegallymanipulate

contracts,toreinforcingthenotionofprofitovercommunityinterests,Etzionihasseenalotthat's

lefthimshakinghishead.Andbecauseofwhathe'sseentaughtinbusinessschools,he'snot

surprisedbythelatestrashofcorporatescandals."Inmanywaysthingshavegotalotworseat

businessschools,Isuspect,"saysEtzioni.

Etzioniisstillteachingthesociologyofrightandwrongandstillcallingforethicalbusiness

leadership."Peoplewithpoormotiveswillalwaysexist,"hesays."Sometimesenvironments

constrainthosepeopleandsometimesenvironmentsgivethosepeopleopportunity.'*Etzionisays

theboomingeconomyofthelastdecadeenabledthoseindividualswithpoormotivestogetrich

beforegettingintrouble.Hishopenow:thatthecriesforreformwillprovidemorefertilesoilfor

hislong-