外国语学院翻译a888有答案

2004年攻读入学考试试题A卷AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish.Youareencouragedtogiveanall-Englishanswerbutyoumayuse inthebrackettoexinthekeytermsonlywhenyoufinditextremelydifficulttoaccurayorfullyexpressyourself.Theso-called“culturalturn”inthetranslationstudieshasattractedmuchattentionfromstudentsandtheoristsoftranslationin .Sayanythingyouknowaboutthisnewtrendintranslationstudiesandcommentonthisschooloftranslation.(15%)XiaoQian()inhisarticletheArtofTranslation(翻译的艺术)observes:needforadaptationofthisnature(heisherereferringtothetranslationof“sir”into“报告长官happensveryoftenintranslationofliryworksandthisisanessentialpartoftheartoftranslation”.Doyouagreewithhimordoyoufavorpreservingforeignnessinlirytranslation?Why?(Youmayciteotherauthorsinfanyixinlunaswelltosupportyourargument.)(15%)1Translatethefollowingpassage :IsupposetherearestudiesthatconnecttheubiquitousnessoftakeoutinManhattanwiththeincreaseintwo-jobfamiliesorthesupposedhatredofcookingbyyuppies,someofwhomaresaidtoliveinexpensiveapartmentsthathavenokitchens.Ihaveneveractuallyrunacrossanindependentlyconfirmedcaseofyuppieslivinginanexpensiveapartmentwithnokitchen,althoughafriendfromthatgenerationtoldmethatheoncesoughttousetheovenbelongingtosomeonewithwhomhe’d eromanticallyinvolvedandfoundthatshewasusingittostorefashionmagazines.ItisalsopossiblethattheManhattanrestaurantindustrysimplycametorealizethatacitysocompactthatevenprosperousfamiliesoftendonotownanautoisanidealcefordeveloadeliverybusiness;li llythousandsofcustomerslivewithinaquickwalkorabasketlessbicycleridefromanyrestaurant.Howeveritcameabout,itcamegradually.WhenAbigailwasborn,inthelatesixties,andherparentswerethussentencedforawhiletoawearingbutoddlypleasurableformofhousearrest,theclosestwegottotakeoutwasformetogotoanmodatingItalianrestaurantacrossthestreetandhavethempackfoodinsticcontainersthatlookedasiftheyweredesignedforsomeother(Hereisthedefinitionofsomenewwordsforyourreferenceonly.DonotUbiquitousness:thestateofappearing,happeningordone,etc.everywhereYuppie;ayoungcollege-educatedadultwhoisemployedinawell-payingProfessionandwholivesandworksinornearabigcity)II.2TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish 一边看着忙碌，一边顺手把刚刚拆下来的塑料袋从地上捡起来，团成一团，钻在小 孩子咧开小嘴，一派天真“不行啊，我爸说了，什么都不能留下给人家”，偶然一次对邻居提起这对父子邻居大妈多说了几句“那孩子啊呢，2004年攻读入学考试试题A卷（注意：答案必须写在答题纸上Ⅰ.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish.Youareencouragedtogiveanall-Englishanswerbutyoumayuseinthebrackettoexinthekeytermsonlywhenyoufinditextremelydifficulttoaccurayorfullyexpressyourself.Theso-called“culturalturn”inthetranslationstudieshasattractedmuchattentionfromstudentsandtheoristsoftranslationin.Sayanythingyouknowaboutthisnewtrendintranslationstudiesandcommentonthisschooloftranslation.(15%)“Culturalturn”isaquitehotissueinrecenttranslationstudies.Ithasledtothepointofviewthattranslationcanneverbecarriedoutwithouttakingitswidersituationalandsocio-culturalcontextintoaccount.Ithasalsorevealedthattranslationisneverinnocentsinceitsmatterisdiscourse,whichcanbeshapedandsculptedinvariousways,dependingonthesubjectivityofthetranslator,thehistoricalcontextandtheinterestsweighingonthetext.Mosttranslationissensitivetoculturalaswellaslinguisticfactors.SuchsensitivitymighttaketheformeitherofpresentingTLrecipientswithatransparenttextwhichinformsthemaboutelementsofthesourceculture,oroffindingtargettermswhichmayinsomewaybeconsideredasculturally“equivalent”totheSTitemstheyaretranslating.Thusatranslatorwhotakes“culturalturn”intoconsiderationissimplyrecognizingthateachlanguagecontainselements,whicharederivedfromitsculture(suchasgreetings,fixedexpressionsandrealia),thateverytextisanchoredinaspecificculture,andthatconventionsoftextproductionandreceptionvaryformculturetoculture.Anawarenessofsuchissuecanattimesmakeitmoreappropriatetothinkoftranslationasaprocess,whichoccursbetweenculturesratherthansimplybetweenlanguages.Atranslationinvolving“culturalturn”isoneinwhichadditionaremadewhichcannotbedirectlyderivedfromtheoriginalSTwording;thesemighttaketheformofideasculturallyforeigntoST,orevenelementswhicharesimplyincludedtoprovidenecessarybackgroundinformation.XiaoQian()inhisarticletheArtofTranslation(翻译的艺术)observes:“theneedforadaptationofthisnature(heisherereferringtothetranslationof“sir”into“报告长官happensveryoftenintranslationofliryworksandthisisanessentialpartoftheartoftranslation”.Doyouagreewithhimordoyoufavorpreservingforeignnessinlirytranslation?Why?(Youmayciteotherauthorsinfanyixinlunaswelltosupportyourargument.)(15%)2.Beforegettingdowntotheproblem,I’dliketomakecleartwopairsofconcepts:first,adaptationandalienation;second,localizationandforeignization.Theformerpairemphasizesmorestronglytheformalandaestheticaspectsintranslation,whilethelatterputsstressonthecontentsandideasconveyed.Otherthanthat,thetwopairsareactuallysynonyms.AdaptationandlocalizationrefertoanyTTinwhichaparticularlytranslationstrategyhasbeenadopted.Thetwotermsalsoimpliesthatconsiderablechangeshavebeenmadeinordertomakethetextmoresuitableforaspecificaudienceorforaparticularpurposebehindthetranslation.However,thephenomenonhadfrequentlybeenapproachedfromaprescriptivepointofview,andmanycommentshavebeenpejorative.Somepeoplethinkthatanadaptationcannotbeconsideredfaithful.Otherstakeamoreflexibleviewofthesubjectandthinkthattranslationcanbecharacterizedbytherelativeproportion(orpercentage)ofadaptation.Alienationandforeignizationrefertothetechniquesusedintranslationtodeliberaybreaktargetconventionsbyretainingsomethingoftheforeignnessoftheoriginal.Inconcretetermssuchastrategywouldentailnotonlyadomformabsoluteobediencetotargetlinguisticandtextualconstraints,butalsowhereappropriatetheselectionofanon-fluent,opaquestyleandthedeliberateinclusionofSLrealiaorTLarchaisms;thecumulativeeffectofsuchfeatureswouldbetoprovideTLreaderswithan“alienreadingexperience”.However,sinceeventheconstructionoftheforeigndependsondomesticculturalmaterials,somepeoplethinkthatforeignizingtranslationsareequallypartialaslocalizingtranslationsintheirinterpretationoftheforeigntext,yettheytendtomakeexplicittheirpartialityinsteadofconcealingit.Inmyopinion,sometextsshouldusetheadaptation/localizationapproachandothersmayadoptthealienation/foreignizationmethod,dependingonthepurposeoftranslation.IfthetranslationisaimedtoenabletheTLreaderstoenjoythesameuniversalexperienceorfeelingsastheSLreaders,thentheadaptationapproachispreferred.Whenthepurposeofthetranslationistointroducesomethingnew,beitideasorwaysofexpression,thenthealienationmethodisabetterchoice.Sometimes,alienationservestoprolongtheprocessofappreciatingtheaestheticbeautyofthetargettextaslongasitdoesnotinterferewithTLreaders’understandingofthebasicmeaningconveyed.Todothis,thetwoseeminglyopposingapproacheshavetobeusedincombinationtocomplementandenhanceeachother.Translatethefollowingpassage :IsupposetherearestudiesthatconnecttheubiquitousnessoftakeoutinManhattanwiththeincreaseintwo-jobfamiliesorthesupposedhatredofcookingbyyuppies,someofwhomaresaidtoliveinexpensiveapartmentsthathavenokitchens.Ihaveneveractuallyrunacrossanindependentlyconfirmedcaseofyuppieslivinginanexpensiveapartmentwithnokitchen,althoughafriendfromthatgenerationtoldmethatheoncesoughttousetheovenbelongingtosomeonewithwhomhe’d eromanticallyinvolvedandfoundthatshewasusingittostorefashionmagazines.ItisalsopossiblethattheManhattanrestaurantindustrysimplycametorealizethatacitysocompactthatevenprosperousfamiliesoftendonotownanauto isanidealcefordeveloadeliverybusiness;li llythousandsofcustomerslivewithinaquickwalkorabasketlessbicycleridefromanyrestaurant.Howeveritcameabout,itcamegradually.WhenAbigailwasborn,inthelatesixties,andherparentswerethussentencedforawhiletoawearingbutoddlypleasurableformofhousearrest,theclosestwegottotakeoutwasformetogotoanmodatingItalianrestaurantacrossthestreetandhavethempackfoodinsticcontainersthatlookedasiftheyweredesignedforsomeother(Hereisthedefinitionofsomenewwordsforyourreferenceonly.DonotUbiquitousness:thestateofappearing,happeningordone,etc.everywhereYuppie;ayoungcollege-educatedadultwhoisemployedinawell-payingProfessionandwholivesandworksinornearabigcity)我有个同属雅皮士一族的朋友，他告诉我，以前和一个谈恋爱的时候，有一次他想用用她家的烤炉，却发现炉子装着时尚。即便如此，我还从未碰到真有雅皮士住在TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish 孩子咧开小嘴，一派天真“不行啊，我爸说了，什么都不能留下给人家”偶然一次对邻居提起这对父子，邻居大妈多说了几句“那孩子啊，呢，懂IcalledthewaterstationforabarrelofpureHalfandhourlater,someoneknockedthedoor.Iopenedtheburglar-proofdoor,andsawathintallmanwithawaterbarrelonhisshoulder.Hepoliyasked:“youarethe askedforWhileIwasanswering,Ispottedanapple-cheekedlittleboywhodidn’tevenreachtheheightofthatman’swaist.Helookedupwardandgreetedme:“Hi,auntie!”Heseemedabout5or6yearsoldwithredspotsonhissmallcheeks.Thatredsentforthacountryflavour,fromwhichyoucanguesstheboy’sorigin.Themanmovedsidewaysthroughthedoor,andrecedthehollowbarrelfromthewaterdispenser.Thekidfollowinghisbusyfatherpickedupthesticstrippedfromthebarrelandrolleditwithinhispalm.Whatasmallhand!MaybeIdesiredforachild,atthatmoment,myheartwasfulloftenderaffectiontowardthekid.Suddenly,Iremindedofmychildhood.WhenIcouldn’tfulfilajob,motherwouldrushtohelpmewith