2021-2022年内蒙古自治区乌海市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题一卷(含答案)

2021-2022年内蒙古自治区乌海市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题一卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.Evenifthecompanyoverallcannotpassthe12-questiontest,______maypassit.

2.WhichyearisthefewestinviolationoffederalsmogstandardsinLosAngeles?

A.1976B.1979C.1990D.2004

3.

Manyfishesareabletoaltertheircolorationonlytocamouflagethemselves.

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

Whatdoyouknowabout“powerwalking”fromthepassage?

A.Itisakindwalkingpeopledointhepark.

B.Itmayburnmorecaloriesthanrunning.

C.Peoplewalkveryfasttobreakintoarun.

D.Thiskindofwalkingsetsapaceforrunning.

5.

Fourmonthsafterhecorrectedtheerror,Byrdwasarrestedbythepolicebecause______.

A.hewaswantedfordrugdealing

B.hedrovetoofast

C.hewasmistakenfordrugdealing

D.hewasfoundofdrugdealing

6.

Drosophila'sform.ofADHisstructurally______.

7.

Whencompaniesstartedlosinglawsuitsregardingtheirchemicalemissions,theideaoftoxicreductionbecameratherpopularin______.

8.

Freud'sinfluenceon______,______,and______cannotbemeasured.

9.Advocatesoftransgeniccropsclaimthat______.

A.thesecropshavenoharmtotheenvironmentintheirgrowing

B.foodfromthesecropsarehealthierthanfromtheconventional

C.thesecropswillcertainlyreplacetheconventional

D.thesecropscangreatlyhelptofeedtheworld

10.

Iftheguaranteedscoresaren'tthere,testpreparationcompaniesofferfreerepetitionofthecourseoreven______.

11.

Individualscancontributedirectlytosolvingtheproblemofaciddepositionby______.

12.

By______,bothMoravecandProfessorNewelltrytoplayGod.

13.

Onereasonthatteacherswoulddrivestudentstosportsfieldliesinthatitwillprobablyhelptoexhaustthechildrensothattheycansitstillinclass.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Watervaporplays.almostnoroleinmoderngreenhousewarming.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

BeforeLyubomirskycarriedoutherownresearch,scientistsinvestigatedhappinessmainlythrough______.

16.

Whytheconstantbombardmentofinformationaboutfoodisbadforpeoplewhohavetheeatingdisorderorthorexianervosa?

A.Becausetheywillfollowtheinformationseriously.

B.Becausetheywillaimtobecomethinner.

C.Becausetheywon'tmakesuitableplans.

D.Becausetheywon'tenjoyeating.

17.

Formostdrugusers,their______hassomethingtodowiththeistpsychologicaladdiction.

18.

ArethaFranklinsounded"abitpitchy"attheInaugurationbecausehervoicewas______.

19.

Urbanozoneisprimarilycausedby__________________,whichareproducedbyfossilfuels.

20.

______asthe"covertdepression",ithasthreemajorsymptoms.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.

【B7】

22.(21)

A.Shehasapowerfulmother.

B.Sheloveshercat.

C.Tobeavetisherdream.

D.Forherteacher.

23.

【B5】

24.(36)

A.TheroleofChinainthespreadofthenationalflag.

B.Thesecondancestorofthenationalflag.

C.TheuseofmodernflagsinEurope.

D.Theimportanceofmodernflags.

25.听力原文：M:I'vebeengettingannoyingcallsfortwoweeks.WhenIanswerthephone,theotherpartyhangsupwithoutsayinganything.I'vetriedeverythingincludingblowingawhistleintothereceiver.

W:Beginningtoday,wewantyoutokeeparecordofthetimeeachcalloccurs.Fromthischart,wecangetinformationtohelpustracethecalls.Ifnecessary,thetelephonecompanycancontactthepolice.

Q:whatdoesthewomansuggestthatthemando?

(16)

A.Disconnecthistelephone.

B.Blowawhistleintothereceiver.

C.Keeparecordofincomingannoyancecalls.

D.Reporthisproblemtothepolice.

26.(46)

27.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Themoretimeswehavewalkedaroute,thelongerwejudgeittobe,aUKresearcherhasconfirmed.His【B1】______couldhelpexplainwhydaily【B2】______cangrowtoseeminterminablylong.

Neuroscientistshavelongknownthatourbrainsarepooratestimatingaset【B3】______suchasakilometre.Butmoststudiesofthis【B4】______havebeencarriedoutinsimpleartificial【B5】______where,forexample,peoplewalkalongpathstapedoutinagymnasium.

AndrewCromptonatManchesterUniversity,UK,wantedtoseehowgoodweareat【B6】______distancesintherealworld.Heasked140【B7】______studentsintheirfirst,secondandthirdyearsofstudyto【B8】______thedistancefromtheuniversity'sstudent-unionbuildingtofamiliardestinationsalongastraightroad,【B9】_______________________________.

【B10】_______________________.Firstyearstudents,forexample,estimatedamile-longpathtobearound1.24milesonaverage,whilethirdyearstudentsstretcheditto1.45miles.CromptonpublishedhisresultsinEnvironmentandBehavior.

【B11】_____________________."Itseemstofitinwithanemergingtheme,"saysaprofessorwhohascarriedoutsuchexperimentsathisuniversityinCanada.

【B1】

28.听力原文：M:Didyoutalkwithournewmanager?Heislookingforyouthesedays.Ithinkhehassomethingimportant.

W:Ihavebeenoutoftownfor2days.AnduntilthismorningIcomeback.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(17)

A.Shehasn'ttalkedwiththenewmanageryet.

B.Thenewmanagerwasnotintheoffice.

C.Shehasbeenathome.

D.Shedidn'twanttotalkwiththenewmanager.

29.听力原文：W:IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeabusinsteadofaplane.Flyingmakesalenervous.

M:Butitwilltakemeforevertogettherebybus.

Q:Whatdoesthemanprefertodo?

(16)

A.Heprefersstayingathomebecausehedoesn'tliketotravel.

B.Hepreferstakingabusbecausetheplanemakeshimnervous.

C.Hepreferstakingaplanebecausethebusistooslow.

D.Hepreferstravellingwiththewoman.

30.

【B3】

31.(32)

A.Itcancausefloodingannually.

B.Itcancarrydiseasesthataffectanimals.

C.Itcanintroducetoomuchsaltintothesoil.

D.Itcandivertwaterfromimportantcrops.

32.听力原文：W:Howard,whatareyouworkingonnow?

M:Ihavejustfinishedapieceonthebackgroundmusic.

W:Backgroundmusic?Oh,likethemusicthey'replayingherenow.

M:Yes.Youcanheariteverywhere--inrestaurants,airports,supermarkets,departmentstoresandsoon.It'ssupposedtoinfluenceyourattitudes,putyouintherightmood.

W:IamnotsureIlikethatidea.

M:Well,itseemstowork.Companiespaymillionsofdollarseveryyearforbackgroundmusic.It'ssupposedtogiveyouabetterfeelingaboutyourselfandthepeoplearoundyou.Factoriesuseitalot.Itmakestheworkershappy,andtheyworkbetterthatway.Inonefactory,musicincreasedproduction4.5percent.

W:Ishouldthinkthey'dgettiredofhearingmusicallday.

M:Theydon't,though.OnefellowinSanFranciscotoldme,"Ifthemusicstops,somebodyalwaysrunstothetelephonetocomplain."

W:NowthatIthinkaboutit,Ican'trememberwhentherewasn'tbackgroundmusicinrestaurantsandstores.

M:Thatshowshowyoungyouare.Actually,itallstartedduringWorldWarⅡwhensomefactorieshadtheirownorchestrastokeepworkershappyandcalm.Nowdifferentkindsofmusicareplayingatdifferenttimesduringtheday.Theyplayfastermusicatteninthemorningthanateight,forinstance,becauseworkerstendtobeslowerthen.

W:Whataboutrestaurants?Dotheyplaythesamemusicfordinnerandlunch?

M:Idon'tknowaboutthat,butIdoknowthathamburgerplacesplayfastmusic.Whentheystartedplayingfastermusic,theyfoundthatacustomerspentonlyseventeenminuteseating.Thetimewastwenty-minutesbeforethat.

(22)

A.Anorchestraconductor.

B.Anmusicfan.

C.Asalesmanagerinamusiccompany.

D.Abackgroundmusiccomposer.

33.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：M:Youshouldneverstrikeupaconversationwithamanonthestreet.Don'tyouknowhowdangerousitis!

W:Iusuallydon't,butIcouldn'tfindtherestaurantandhelookedveryrespectable.

Q:Whywasthemanupset?

(12)

A.Thewomanalwaystalkstoothermen.

B.Thewomanwouldn'tfindtherestaurant.

C.Thewomanstartedaconversationwithastranger.

D.Thewomanfinishedtalkingtothemen.

34.听力原文：M:Hello.

W:Hello,John.Thisis.FlorenceRichardson.I'msorrytophoneyouatthishour,butI'mexperiencingastickyissueandIcan'tthinkofanyonetogetadvicefrombesidesyou.

M:What'sup?

W:Well,ImovedtomypresentapartmentacoupleofmonthsagoandnowI'mthinkingtodefermystudiesandplanningtoreturntomyparents'placenextmonth.Today,Igavenoticetomylandlordbuthesaidhe'sunabletogivemydepositbacksinceIhavetostayaminimumofsixmonths.

M:Areyougivinghima-month-in-advancenoticetomove?

W:Yes,that'sexactlywhatIdidtoday.Inthetenancyagreementthat'sthetimeframe.requestedtonotifythelandlord.

M:Yes,that'stheusualpractice.Well,inthetenancyagreement,diditstatethatthere'saminimumofsixmonthsstayorthedepositwouldbeforfeited?

W:NotthatIcouldremember.Besides,Ihaveneverheardofsuchaclauseinthecontract.

M:Well,Ihaveneverheardofiteither.Itcouldbethelandlordistryingtointimidateyou.Perhapsyoushouldpullyourcontractoutandhaveawordwithhim.

W:Yes,that'sexactlywhatI'mthinkingOf.Buthesaidhespenttimeandmoneyonadvertisementtogetatenantanditwouldn'tbefaironhimifIjuststayedfortwomonths.

M:Well,that'snotthePoint,Florence.Itdoesn'tmatterhowmuchhespentonadvertisement,butthefactisheshouldn'tforceatenanttostayifheorshedoesn'twantto.Besides,ifthecontractdoesnotstatethetimeframe,thenheshouldn'timposeithimself.

W:Youareright,John.Youjustconfirmedmyreasoning.

M:Look,Florence,I'llgowithyoutoseethelandlordtomorrowandifhestillinsistsOnnotgivingyourdepositback,we'llgotothesmallclaimscourttogetyourmoneyback.

W:Thanks,John.Ireallyappreciatethat.

(20)

A.Shecan'tfindanewplacetolive.

B.Thelandlordwantshertomoveoutafteronlygmonths.

C.Shethinksshewillloseherdepositmoney.

D.Thecontractstatesshemuststayfor6monthssoshecan'tmove.

35.听力原文：W：That'sashameaboutyourmobilephone.Talkaboutbadtiming!

M：Tellmeaboutit.JustlastSunday，Iput50dollarsintoitandIhopeditwouldmakeitthroughanotheryear．

Q：Whatcanbeinferredabouttheman'smobilephone?

(13)

A.Itrequiresconstantcare.

B.It'sveryold-style.

C.Itcostthewoman50dollarstobuy.

D.Itcan'ttellthecorrecttime.

36.

【B4】

37.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：M:OutofallthemoviesthatI'veseen,IthinkIfYouAretheOneisthefunniestone.Icouldn'tkeepfromlaughingthroughoutthewholemovie.

W:That'sexactlyhowIfelt.Iwaslaughingthewholetime,andmystomachmuscleshurtafterwards.

Q:Whataretheytalkingabout?

(12)

A.Theirfavoritemovie.

B.Theirhobbies.

C.Thelatestfilm.

D.TheirfavoriteDVD.

38.

【B6】

39.听力原文：W:Hello,everyone.WelcomeagaintoConsumer'sChoice,whichisthelastprograminourpresentseries,isn'tthatright?

M:Yes,that'sright.Thestoryofhowalistener'sdeterminationhasqualifiedherforourConsumeroftheMonthaward.

W:ThisisthestoryofMissPattyChingwhowentonaholidaytoEuropelastmonth.Thiswasherfirstevertripabroadandoneforwhichshe'dbeensavingfor10years.(19)Shetookalotofphotos.About360photographs.WhenPattygothome,shegaveailherphotostoTop-classPhotoServicesfordevelopingandtheyvanished.Sheneversawthemagain.

M:Whatdidshedonext?

W:Soshewrotethemaletter,tellingthemtopayupintendaysorshewouldtakethemtocourt.Shereceivednoreply.Soshetookthemtocourt.Patty'scaseprovidesalessontousall.(20)Ifwewantourfightsasconsumers,we'vegottofightforthem.(21)SoforherdeterminationandspiritwenamePattyourConsumeroftheMonth.

M:Thankyou,andnowI'dliketodealwiththeproblemthatmanyofourlistenerswriteabout-Saleprices.Whenwegotoasaleandseeasignonsomethingsaying50%offor300dollarsreducedto100,howdoweknowthepricesreallyhavebeenreduced?

W:Forthemomentallwecandoistocomplaintothestore'smanagementandbringthesecasestotheattentionofthepublic.Badpublicitymighthelptoputastoptothisdishonestpractice.

(20)

A.Tobeakeenphotographeristoocostly.

B.Shehastodevelop10rollsoffilms.

C.Allherfilmswerevanished.

D.Afterthetrip,shewastootiredtochooseagoodone.

40.

【B9】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

WhatkindofdatagatheredbyCCTVisparticularlyusefulforresearchers?

42.

【C5】

43.

Woman'sexperimentreversalsthatwhenitcomestopolitics,attractiveness

A.turnsouttobeanobstacletomen

B.affectsmenandwomenalike

C.hasaslittleeffectonmenasonwomen

D.ismoreofanobstaclethanabenefittowomen

44.

WhereintheAeroscraftdoyouthinkthesixturbofanjetenginesarelocated?

45.

Theword"specters"(firstsentence,Paragraphtwo)isclosestinmeaningto______.

A.pollutionB.carbondioxideC.aerosolsD.ghosts

46.

FollowinginvestigationwillfocusonifDr.Mannisrelatedtoactionsagainst______.

47.

Noemployer,withoutgovernmentaidwillyetbeabletoaffordtohirelabortoexploittheopportunitiesrepresentedbyCandDbecause______.

A.productivityoflaborisnotitthemaximum

B.wecannotproduceeverythingweconsume

C.thepopulationhasincreased

D.enterpriserswouldhavetopaywagesequivalenttothoseobtainedbyworkersinAanB,whileproducingundergreatereconomicdisadvantages

48.

Whyarecollectorsnowadaysunwillingtodonatetheircollectionstopublicmuseums?

A.Becausefartoomoreartarepresentedforpublicinstitutionstochoosefrom.

B.Becausetheircollectionsmightnotbedisplayedduetothelimitedspace.

C.Becausetheircollectionsareinferiorinvaluetothoseinpublicinstitutions.

D.Becausetheyhavefunshowingandenjoyingtheircollectionsofartsprivately.

49.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

TherehewasAmerica'sfirstPresidentwithaMBA,themanwholovestoboastabouthisbusinessbackground,whosepresidentialcampaignraisedunprecedentedsumsfromcorporatewalletsandwhosecabinetisstuffedwithchiefexecutives.Buthesaidfiercely,byexecutives"breachingtrustandabusingpower".Itwastimefor"anewethicofpersonalresponsibilityinthebusinesscommunity".Hewasgoingto"endthedaysofcookingthebooks,shadingthetruthandbreakingourlaws".

Onlymonthsago,theideathatGeorgeWBushwouldpubliclylambasteAmerica'scooperatebosseswaslaughable.Asacandidate,borneonthewaveofadecade-longeconomicboomandanunprecedented18-yearbullmarket,hecashedinonAmerican'sloveaffairwithcorporatesuccess.Butthingsaredifferentnow.Thestockmarketbubblehasburstand,despitesignsofeconomicrecovery.WallStreetseemstobesunkingloom.AstringofscandalsatsomeofAmerica'smosthigh-flyingfirms--includingEnron,Xerox.Tyco,GlobalCrossingandmostrecently,WorldCom--hasradicallychangedthepublicmood.

Aspoliticalpressureforreform.increases,sotoodoestheheartonMr.Bush.Isthebusinessman'spresidentreallypreparedtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform?DespitethesetjawandaggrievedtoneinNewYork.Probablynot.Mr.Bushthinksthecurrentcrisisstemsfromafewbad-applechiefexecutivesratherthanthesystemasawhole.Hencehisfocusontoughpenaltiesforcorruptbusinessmenandhispleaforhigherethicalstandards.Thepresidentannouncedthecreationofafinancial-crimesSWATteam,attheJusticeDepartmenttorootoutcorporatefraud,andwantstodoublethemaximumprisonsentenceforfinancialfraudfromfivetotenyears.Butheofferedfewconcretesuggestionsforsystemicreform.littlementionofchangestostrengthenshareholders'rights,notevenanendorsementoftheSenatecorporate-reform.bill.

TherearefewsignsyetthatcleaningupcorporateAmericaisanissuethatanimatesthevoters.PollsshowthatAmericanshavelittlefaithintheirbusinessleaders,butpoliticiansdonotseemtobesufferingasaresult.Mr.Bush'sapprovalratingshavefallenfromtheirsky-highs,buttheyarestillverystrong.

Thepresident,therefore,needdonomorethantalktough.ThisalonewillconvinceordinaryAmericansthatheisontopoftheissue.Astheeconomyreboundsandpublicoutagesubsides,theclamorforchangewillbequieter.Democraticattackswillfizzle,andfar-reachingreform.billswillbewatereddownbeforetheybecomelaw.Politically,thegamblemakessense.UnfortunatelyforAmericancapitalism,agreatopportunitywillbemissed.

WecaninferfromthethirdparagraphthatMr.Bush______.

A.didn'tintendtotakebusinessonandpushhardforreform

B.didnotdoanythingatallforthepresenceofthecurrentsituation

C.tookshareholders'rightintoaccount,buthedidn'tapprovereform.bill

D.tooksomemeasurestopavethewayforthereform

50.

Theunderlinedword"hone"inparagraph4mostprobablymeans______.

A.sharpenB.grindC.boostD.acquire

51.

Whyarethespeedsonmotorwaysgreaterthanthoseonotherroads?

52.ThepurposeofVolunteersinMedicineisto______.

A.helpretiredmedicalworkersimprovetheirincomes

B.providefreemedicalservicestothosewhoneedthem

C.urgethegovernmenttosetupnon-profitclinics

D.makethedreamoftheauthor'sfathercometrue

53.

Itcanbeinferredthatrailroadrefrigeratorcarscameintouse______.

A.before1860B.before1890C.after1900D.after1920

54.

【C9】

55.

Accordingtothecontext,thesentence"Butyoungactorswiththestageintheirbloodarehappy"attheendofthefirstparagraphmeans______.

A.theydon'tcareiftheirjobishard

B.theylikethestagenaturally

C.theyarebornhappy

D.theyareeasilysatisfied

56.

Althoughhedoesnotdirectlysayit,theCalcuttabusinessmanwouldprobablyagreethat______.

A.itisagoodideatoplacemarriageadvertisementsinthenewspaper

B.itisabadideatoplacemarriageadvertisementsinthenewspaper

C.itisembarrassingifanyoneanswerssuchadvertisements

D.itisembarrassingifnooneanswerssuchadvertisements

57.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutelectronicbookisNOTtrue?

A.TheBible.

B.Althoughweknowthebasictechnology,wecan'tseeitforsalenow.

C.ThelaptopneedsalotofpowertokeepLCDscreenswork,andthosescreenshaveshortcoming.

D.Youcanchangethetitleandthecontentintheelectronicbookasyoulike.

58.

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thesensuousappreciationofart.

B.Thebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience.

C.Howtoappreciatetheworkofart.

D.Therelationshipbetweenform.andcontentoftheworkofart.

59.

【C6】

60.

Concernedwiththerisingtemperatureoftheearth,TonyJunipersuggeststhat______.

A.thereisnowaytopreventtheseriousconsequences

B.ithastobestoppedwiththehelpofpoliticians

C.measuresshouldbecarriedoutimmediatelytostopit

D.theseriousconsequencescannotbepredicted

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5题)61.

【S6】

62.

【S2】

63.【S8】

64.

【S3】

65.【S6】

五、6.Translation(5题)66.Accordingtoscientificresearch,______(狗也会产生嫉妒和骄傲等复杂的情感).

67.Onlyinthisway______(我们才能在毕业之后很快适应社会).

68.Forcustomerswithshoppingcarts,___________________(超市的自动门方便了他们出入).

69.Everyonewasbornequal,_______________(不管是白人还是黑人).

70.Awell-dressedman,______(他的外表和谈吐都像个美国人),gotinthecar.

参考答案

1.individualdepartmentswithinthecompany。individualdepartmentswithinthecompany。解析：根据题干中的信息问12-questiontest定位到倒数第七段，可知Coffman认为只有不到15%的公司能通过包括那12道问题的测试，但即使公司整体无法通过测试，公司内部的个别部门也可能通过测试，由此可得答案。

2.D解析：细节题。根据题干信息词thefewest和LosAngeles定位到第二个小标题第三段末句Between1976and1990，theLosAngelesareaaveragedsome150daysperyearinviolationoffederalsmogstandards:in2004,thatfiguredroppedtojust27violationdays，thefewesteverforthatcity，即：2004年违背联邦烟雾标准的日子最少，故选D。

3.B解析：文章第六自然段最后一句说鱼变色有两个目的：一是为了借助保护色伪装，一是为了加强行为信号。

4.B解析：细节辨认题【考频37】。原文指出，你可以在公园里尝试一下powerwalking：就是以几乎可以跑起来的速度快走。实际上，快速的步行比以同样的速度跑步燃烧的热量还要多。B符合原文内容，故为正确答案。

5.C解析：根据题干关键词Fourmonths和handcuffed定位到原文第三小标题下第三段：Fourmonthslater，...Byrdfoundhimselffacedownonthepavement，handcuffed．Policerecordsstillshowedthathewaswantedfordrugdealing．可知Byrd再次被捕，原因是“警察记录仍然显示他因贩毒被通缉”．但Byrd被捕还是因为身份盗用导致警察弄错了，故选C项。

6.unrelatedtothatofmammalsandyeastunrelatedtothatofmammalsandyeast解析：本题根据第二个黑标题下第五段而设,建议利用斜体字(主语)作为关键词迅速搜索答案所在位置。该词在第五段以后才开始出现，而第五段第三句中的structurally点明了答案的具体位置。

7.corporateboardroomscorporateboardrooms解析：细节题。根据题干定位到第七个小标题首段第二句Whencompaniesstartedlosinglawsuitsregardingtheirchemicalemissions,theideaoftoxicreductionbecameratherpopularincorporateboardrooms，即：当公司关于化学物质排放的诉讼失败时，减少有毒物质的话题在企业的会议室里变得流行起来，故得答案。

8.modernartliteraturescience。modernart,literature,science。解析：此空答案见文章倒数第二段。

9.D解析：这两句讲述了转基因作物支持者的观点，其中第三句提到，基因工程很快会成为帮助养活世界迅速膨胀人口的重要工具(geneticengineering…willsoonbecomeanessentialtoolforhelpingtofeedtheworld'sburgeoningpopulation)，由此可知答案为[D]。

10.cashbackcashback解析：细节辨认题。此处要求填入名词性成分作offer的并列宾语。将原文offer后的并列宾语与题干对照可知，此处应填入cashback。

11.conservingenergy

12.designingacreaturedesigningacreature解析：文章第十段中提到Moravec和Newell都希望能够通过创造生命来扮演上帝的角色。

13.A解析：文章的第一部分和第二部分对这一点均有提及第一部分的"Sometimesthey'resimplyaboutfindingahealthywaytotirehyperactivekidsoutsothey'llsitstillinclassorgettobedatareasonablehour,体育不过是找到一种健康方式让多动的孩子筋疲力尽，好让他们能够安静地坐在课堂上，或是在该睡觉的钟点能上床。”和第二部分的"Teachersatleastwanttheirpupilswornoutsothey'llsitstillinreadingclass,老师们至少是想让学生们玩累了好在文化课上安静地坐下来。”

14.A解析：根据题干中的信息词watervapor和greenhousewarming定位到第二个小标题下的第二段，可知自然温室效应中最重要的气体是水蒸气，但水蒸气的聚集变化不大，所以水蒸气在由人类导致的现代温室变暖中几乎没起什么作用，故该句表述正确。

15.correlationalstudiescorrelationalstudies解析：由题意及题干中的investigatedhappiness定位到第4段，再由through定位到第5句Whensciencehadscrutinized(细察)happinessatall，itwasmainlythroughcorrelationalstudies...此处需填入名词性成分。题目中的scientistsinvestigatedhappiness“科学家研究快乐”和原文中的Whensciencehadscrutinized(细察)happinessatall属同义转述，因此through的宾语就是答案。

16.A解析：根据题干信息词constantbombardmentofinformation定位到第五个小标题下的第二、三句。文章提到，持续不断的关于食品和健康信息的轰炸使很多人感到困惑，特别是对那些患有厌食症(orthorexianervosa)的人来说尤其危险，因为那些人沉迷于吃些所谓的健康食品，制订严格的饮食计划，并虔诚地按照那些五花八门的信息去做，隐含之意就是有关食品和健康方面的信息越多，对厌食症患者来说就越危险，因为厌食症患者会严格按照那些信息去做，故答案为A。

17.physicaladdiction

18.unaffectedunaffected解析：空白处应为分词或形容词作表语。第8段第5句提到ArethaFranklin的风格是为了说明第4句的内容，这两句也可以连起来理解为:ArethaFranklin的声音“没有修饰过”，因此听起来abitpitchy，因此本题应填写unaf-fected。

19.unburnedhydrocarbonsunburnedhydrocarbons解析：本题考查fossilfuels带来的问题，具体讲urbanozone的成因，从而将目标锁定在ProblemswiththeFossilFuelEconomy下，再在Airpollution下查找相关内容。针对细节题，考生需要找出题干中的关键词，然后通过关键词对原文中的相关内容进行定位，先定位到小标题，然后进一步查找答案出处。

20.MaledepressionMaledepression解析：根据本题关键词covertdepression寻读原文，在标题“Whatkidsofpeopleareapttodepression?"中第2段中；Maledepression...Asthe“covertdepression"，ithasthreemajorsymptoms．Men...会推导出答案Maledepression。

21.commercially

22.A解析：Whydoesshelearntobeavet?

23.positivepositive解析：前文提到穿着要适度“modestlydressed”，后文提到要避免“tooelaborate”和“toocasual”，由此可知所填词要和“适度”意思相反，和too“过度”意思相近。

24.B解析：短文开头提到Historiansbelievethatithadtwomajorancestors，ofwhichtheearlierservedtoshowwinddirection，接下来都是针对“风向”进行的描述。因此推断下面应该讲述nationalflags的第二个起源，故答案为[B]。

25.C解析：4个选项都是省略to的动词不定式，可以判断，本题是计划行为题或是建议题．女士的建议如下“Beginningtoday,wewantyoutokeeparecordofthetimeeachcalloccurs．”，即每天记录来电，因此正确答案是CKeeparecordofincomingannoyancecalls。

26.ButprobablythemostsuccessfulpracticaljokeofalltimewasanationalradiobroadcastButprobablythemostsuccessfulpracticaljokeofalltimewasanationalradiobroadcast

27.studies

28.A解析：语意推断题。对话中男士问女士是否同新来的经理谈过话，他猜想经理有什么重要的事情找她。女士回答：这两天一直出城在外，直到今天早上才回来(Ihavebeenoutoftownfor2days.AnduntilthismorningIcomeback)。由此可知她没有与新来的经理谈过话。故答案为A项。

29.C解析：这道题首先要求考生对虚拟语气的用法要了解。其次，在"but"这类词后的内容往往会反映出说话人对所讨论的事情的真正看法，考生要相当留意。

30.distance

31.C解析：Accordingtothespeaker，whatisthemainproblemwithirrigation?

32.D解析：本题问“Howard是谁?”文中提到女人问他在干什么，他说刚完成一篇背景音乐的制作。可见他是一位背景音乐的作曲家。故[D]“一位背景音乐的作曲家”正确。

33.C解析：听到shouldnever…conversation(决不应该…交谈)，说明theman在责备，它的反义词应该正如C所说；另外从thewoman讲的话中(usuallydon't)判断A不正确；B与题意不合；D为干扰项。

34.C解析：WhyisFlorenceworried?

根据对话中女士所说的…buthesaidhe'sunabletogivemydepositback…可知，女士是担心拿不回租房的押金，故答案为C。

35.A解析：综合理解题[考频：35]。女士说男士手机真是很差劲，上周日刚花了50美元维修保养，希望它能再坚持工作一年。可见手机质量一直不过关，因此需要constantcare“经常保养”。女士话中的badtiming意为“时机不凑巧”，容易造成干扰。男士话中的Tellmeabout“意为“你说得对”。

36.irresponsibleirresponsible解析：根据空格前的and，可知此处应和前面的reckless并列，故应该填入形容词。

37.A解析：对话中，男士说他认为《非诚勿扰》是他看过的最搞笑的电影，看电影的时候他一直在笑；女士回答说她也是如此，看完电影后她的胃都疼了，由此可见整个对话都是围绕IfYouAretheOne这部电影而展开的。故本题答案为A。

38.stains

39.C解析：通过对话可知道这是一档节目，"Shetookalotofphotos.About360photographs.WhenPattygothome,shegaveallherphotostoTop-classPhotoServicesfordevelopingandtheyvanished",主持人举例,MissPattyChing的维权过程，她去度假，所照的照片在冲洗的过程中全部曝光，故正确答案为C项。

40.whichmeansitusesmanyrhythmsaroundonebasicrhythmwhichmeansitusesmanyrhythmsaroundonebasicrhythm

41.Dataonpeople'sbehaviorwhenviolencehappens．Dataonpeople'sbehavior.whenviolencehappens．解析：第二段首先提到英国暴力犯罪有望得到改善。然后在定位句提到了原因：CCTV收集了