趣味定语从句详解(奔跑吧兄弟)

在英语的江湖中，有这么一群词的存在，他们神通广大，既能指代前文出现的名词或代词，又能在从句中充当一定成分，并起到连词的作用，若非用于正事，必将江湖大乱啊！他们到底是谁呢？第一页，共72页。大人，必须将此党拿下，严刑拷打，归我等所用！靠谱！第二页，共72页。whowhichthatwhomwhoseaswhenwherewhy9人已全数归案第三页，共72页。剧终！欲知后事如何，敬请下回分析...第四页，共72页。定语从句第五页，共72页。定义●被定语从句所修饰的词叫“先行词”，用来修饰先行词的词叫“关系词”●E.g.ThisisthebookthatIwant.●在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句,定语从句有时也可以修饰一个句子。第六页，共72页。定语从句的关系词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)=ofwhichas(主语、宾语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)关系词牢记这些词的功能：指代先行词在从句中充当成分起连词的作用！第七页，共72页。连连看★Herearethebooks.Youarelookingforthem.___________________________________________________________★Haveyouseenthechildren?Theyareplayingfootball.___________________________________________________________Herearethebookswhich/thatyouarelookingfor.Haveyouseenthechildrenwho/thatareplayingfootball?第八页，共72页。★Thisisthehero.Weareproudofhim.___________________________________________________________★Canyoushowmethenovel.Itscoverisred.___________________________________________________________Thisistheherowho/whom/thatweareproudof.Canyoushowmethenovelwhosecoverisred.第九页，共72页。分类定语从句限制性定语从句：先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意义就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句：从句与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意义仍然很清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that定语从句的分类无逗号，可用that有逗号，不可用that第十页，共72页。TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.(2)China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.(3)Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.(4)Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.判断下列句子限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句第十一页，共72页。1.还原2.补缺3.看成分定语从句三步法第十二页，共72页。三步法

1.(1)Thisisthehouse__________________theteacherwantedtobuy.(2)Thisisthehouse___________________afirebrokeoutlastyear.解.:(1)先将先行词thehouse还原到从句中Theteacherwantedtobuythehouse.句子完整,thehouse作buy的宾语,故填which或that,或省略.which/that//where/inwhich(2)Thehouse还原到从句中Afirebrokeoutthehouselastyear.句子有误,brokeout是个不及物动词短语,故补缺加上in,句子才完整.而inthehouse在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where或inwhich.第十三页，共72页。

2.(1)Wewillneverforgetthedays___________________wespentinthefactory.

(2)wewillneverforgetthedays____________________weworkedinthefactory.which/that//when/duringwhich

下次可千万别一看到地点名词就填where;时间名词就填when哦!技巧是:看从句缺什么成分.(缺主语或宾语填关系代词,缺状语则填关系副词)第十四页，共72页。which;who;that;whom;whose;as

where;when;whywhichthataswhowhomwhosewherewhenwhy指代“事、物”在从句中作主语或宾语指代“人”，在从句中作主语或宾语指代“人”，在从句中作宾语指代先行词，在从句中作定语指代先行词，在从句中作状语第十五页，共72页。Canyoumakesentencesbyyourself?

奔跑吧！定语从句第十六页，共72页。Angelababy，中文名杨颖，1989年2月28日出生于上海.Angelababy,whoseChinesenameisYangYin,wasborninShanghaionFebruary28th1989._________________________________________第十七页，共72页。Baby正在敲打那些从洞里伸出来的人。Babyishittingthepeople_________________________________________________

whostickoutfromtheholes.第十八页，共72页。李晨正在努力地吃一颗糖，糖用绳子绑着。LiChenistryingtoeatacandy____________________________________.whichwastiedwithastring第十九页，共72页。李晨正在拉一辆木车，车上有5个人。LiChenisdraggingawoodenvehicle_____________________________________.onwhichtherearefivepeople第二十页，共72页。帽子是红色的那个女人是Baby,邓超和鹿晗在她旁边跳舞。TheladywhosehatisredisBaby,besidewhomDengchaoandLuhanaredancing.第二十一页，共72页。一群人在一座房子前面摆pose,房子的颜色是棕色的。Agroupofpeopleareposinginfrontofahousewhosecolorisbrown.第二十二页，共72页。定语从句考点与难点归纳第二十三页，共72页。1.that与which,who2.对theway的考查3.介词+关系词考点难点4.as的使用5.对where的考查6.综合考查第二十四页，共72页。1.先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时；2.先行词是不定代词；或被every/all/few等数量形容词修饰时；3.当先行词既有人又有物时；4.先行词是oneof···、theone;或被theonly/theright/thevery修饰时；5.当主句已有which和who时；【一】只用that,

不用which的情况：第二十五页，共72页。用何关系词？Runningmanisthebestshow________Ihaveeverwatched.Thefirstcity__________theywenttowasHangzhou.Thisisthethirdseason________theyhavetakenpartin.thatthatthat1.当先行词被最高级或者序数词修饰时，指物用that,不用which。第二十六页，共72页。DenChaowillshowyousomething_________youneversawbefore.Theyshouldbegratefulforeverthing________theyhaveachieved.Thereismuch______interestsmeinthisshow.WangZulanhandedoutallthekeys________hehadfound.Hehaslittleexperience________canbeappliedtothisjob.thatthatthatthatthat2.当先行词是something/nothing/few/little等不定代词;

或被few/all/little/much等数量形容词修饰时，指物，用that,不用which。第二十七页，共72页。Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthings__________hesawinthepassage.Hecanclearlyrememberthepersonandthings_________henoticedduringthegame.thatthat3.当先行词既包括物又包括人时，用that。第二十八页，共72页。Runningmanisoneoftheprograms________Iamfondof.Isthistheone__________youarelookingfor?TheSafeRoomwastheonlyplace__________theywouldgoto.Thisistheright/veryenvelope________theyhavebeenlookingforforalongtime..thatthatthatthat4.当先行词是oneof···；theone;或被theonly/right/very(正好；恰好)等修饰时，指物，用that,不用which。第二十九页，共72页。Whoistheman________iswalkingtothem?Whichisthekey________ismatchedtothelock?thatthat5.当疑问句里已有Who或Which时，关系代词用that,避免重复。第三十页，共72页。1.在非限制性定语从句中ChenHeandEllaturnedouttobetheadoptedchildren,which

astonishedalltheotherplayers.【二】只用which,不用that的情况：2.在“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句中Theylookedcarefullyatthemirrorfromwhich

theycouldobtainsomeinformation.Theymustpayattentiontotheinformation

withwhichtheycouldfindouttheadoptedchildren.第三十一页，共72页。【三】先行词指人，只用who,

不用that的情况：1.当先行词是everyone/all/those/nobody等不定代词时，关系代词只用who2.在therebe句型中3.在非限制性定语从句中4.介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只用whom。第三十二页，共72页。1.当先行词是everyone/all/those/nobody等不定代词时，关系代词只用whoThosewhowanttogetoutoftheroommustworkoutthesum(算术题)onthepaper.Anyonewhogaveawronganswerwouldbepunished.Thisgameissuitableforsomeonewhohasstrongpower.第三十三页，共72页。2.在therebe句型中。Therewerethreemeninblackwhowouldteartheirnametags(名牌)duringthegame.Therewasapersonwhohadbeensecretlyappointedasaspy.第三十四页，共72页。4.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只用whom。HuangXiaomingistheluckymanwithwhomBabygotmarried.3.在非限制性定语从句中LiChenisacharmingman,whoappealstomanyfans.第三十五页，共72页。1.Theway____________________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_______________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺宾语考点2：theway用做先行词缺状语填上合适的关系词并分析原因：第三十六页，共72页。做题技巧?theway做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语缺少主语或宾语:主语宾语都不缺:引导词用that/inwhich/不填引导词用that/which/不填(缺宾语时)【高考链接】Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_____hesaidit.（04湖北）

A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich第三十七页，共72页。考点3：介词+关系词1.(06浙江)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst______Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which定语从句句首为介词时,后可接的关系词为:2.Thisisthehero____________Iamproud.3.Irecognizedtheboss_____________mysisterwasworking.

inwhoseofwhom介词+whom/which/whose第三十八页，共72页。关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系e.g.Isthatthe

newspaper

forwhichyouoftenwritearticles?做题技巧?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配e.g.Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhich

I’m

notsure?3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.第三十九页，共72页。5.Whose从句可转换为“

of+关系代词”型e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.

Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopenstothesouth.【练】1.Thereare20studentsinthisclass,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.alloftheabove2.Ihavemanyfriends,___somearebusinessmen.A.OfthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom第四十页，共72页。3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.Aswhich难点一：as的用法1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.asthat归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。as与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用as,意为“正如、恰如”。as\that\which第四十一页，共72页。模拟训练：1.Heissuchalazyman_____nobodywantstoworkwith______.（04模拟训练）

A.as;himB.that;/C.as;/D.whom;him2.Mrs.Blacktookthepolicebackto____place____shewitnessedtherobbery.A.thesame;asB.thesame;whereC.thesame;thatD.asthesame;as第四十二页，共72页。1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。难点二：一些特殊词之后的where第四十三页，共72页。1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（06山东）

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.（06江西）

A.whyB.whereC.howD./做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。模拟训练：第四十四页，共72页。

where\that1.Thisisthelibrary_____Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary____Iborrowedthebook.where定语从句that强调句型综合考查一：定语从句与强调句3.---WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?---Itwasinthehotel____Ilived.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。难点三:综合考查第四十五页，共72页。综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句1.Weallhaveheardthenews_____ourteamwon.2.Wedon’tbelievethenews_______________hetoldusyesterday.thatthat/which综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句1.Theplace____thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_____thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（05江苏）

A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich5that/which表语从句定语从句同位语从句定语从句第四十六页，共72页。关系副词的用法1.定语从句中关系副词有：when,where,why2.关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。when作时间状语；where作地点状语；why作原因状语。第四十七页，共72页。TodayisMarch,12th,onwhichpeoplegettogethertoplanttrees!Itisabasketballcourt,onwhichwecanplaybasketballindoors.Thatisthereason,forwhichsheaskedforaleave.观察下列3个句子：onwhich,在从句中作时间状语，可直接用关系副词whenwhenonwhich,在从句中作地点状语，可直接用关系副词wherewhereforwhich,在从句中作原因状语，可直接用关系副词whywhy第四十八页，共72页。HerememberedthedaywhenIarrivedinthisbigcity.IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup.Pleasegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime.when作时间状语，意为onthedaywhere作地点状语，意为intheplacewhy作原因状语，意为forthereason第四十九页，共72页。Detailedexplanationwhen指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词为time,day,morning,night,week,year,moment,period,age等，亦可用“介词+which”替代。例：IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirsttraveledbyplane.Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingscanbedoneoncomputer.我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时间。我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑做的时代。第五十页，共72页。where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常为place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等，亦可用“介词+which”替代。例：你能告诉我他工作的公司吗？请把书放在容易找到的地方。Canyoutellmethecompanywhereheworks?Keepthebooksinaplacewhereyoucanfindthemeasily.第五十一页，共72页。why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，亦可用“介词for+which”替代。例：你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？他犯法了，这就是他坐牢的原因。Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidn’tcometohisbirthdayparty?Hebrokethelaw.Thatisthereasonwhyhewasputintoprison.第五十二页，共72页。完成句子：1.我一直都记得我来学校的第一天。Ialwaysrememberthefirstday______________________________.2.从他出国的那年起，我就再也没见过他。Ihaven'tseenhimsincetheyear______________________________3.1949年是新中国成立的那一年。1949istheyear______________________________________.whenIcametoschoolwhenhewentabroad.whenChinawasfounded第五十三页，共72页。4.明天我要回去我的出生的故乡。Iwillgobacktothehometown_____________________________5.我爸爸上班的公司离这特别远。Thecompany______________________________isfarfromhere.6.这就是我们吃午餐的那家餐馆。Thisistherestaurant______________________________whereIwasborn.wheremyfatherworkswherewehadourlunch.第五十四页，共72页。5.我没有告诉她我为什么害怕的原因。Ididn'ttellherthereason________________________6.我真的不知道他又迟到的原因。Ireallydon'tknowthereason___________________________________________whyIamafraid.whyhewaslateagain.第五十五页，共72页。

3.并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的名词时都用when,where,why，若先行词在定语从句中作主、宾语，用which\that若是作状语，才用where,when,why

第五十六页，共72页。试比较：Iwillneverforgetthedays_______________Ispentwithmygrandmotherinthecountryside.Iwillneverforgetthedays__________Ispentmysummerholidayinthecountryside.whenspend是vt.从句缺宾语，先行词放回从句作宾语，应用关系代词which/that.虽然横线前后都是完整的句子，但明显有内在关系，thedays放回后面的句子做时间状语，所以找关系副词when,既能指代前面先行词在从句中作状语，又能起到连词的作用。which/that第五十七页，共72页。试比较：Putthebookbacktothedesk________otherscaneasilyfindit.Putthebookbacktothedesk_________________Johnmovedin.wherewhich/that先行词在从句中作地点状语先行词在从句中作moved的宾语第五十八页，共72页。再比较：Nobodybelievedthereason________________

heputforwardinthemeeting.Thereason______hedidn'twanttoattendthemeetingisstillunknown.which/that先行词thereason在从句中作putforward的宾语why先行词thereason在从句中作状语第五十九页，共72页。Weshouldgototheplace_____wearemostneeded.Weshouldgototheplace_____needsusmost.A.itB.whereC.thatD.whatBC3.ItwasOctober_____wemetinDamiaoforthefirsttime.4.ItwasinOctober_____wemetinDamiaoforthefirsttime.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whileCA对比训练第六十页，共72页。5.Heissuchagoodteacher_____wealllikehim.6.Heissuchagoodteacher_____wealllike.A.whomB.thatC.asD.whichBC7.Thenewscame____theBritishQueen’smothercelebratedher101thbirthdayingoodhealth,____isn’tsurprising,becauseshelivesaneasylifeandgetsthebestmedicalcare.A.that;whichB.which;whichC.that;thatD.when;as（05模拟训练）第六十一页，共72页。Haveyougotit?第六十二页，共72页。由Who引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\宾语1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom选择题第六十三页，共72页。4.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.

Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that由Whom引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语介词提前时只能用whom第六十四页，共72页。7.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本国的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that由Whose引导的定语从句,在句中做定语第六十五页，共72页。10、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.whichisgrownC.whenisgrown11、Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.which