2022-2023年山东省济南市大学英语6级大学英语六级重点汇总（含答案）

2022-2023年山东省济南市大学英语6级大学英语六级重点汇总（含答案）学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Themostimoportantqualityofataglineismemorability,whichenablesthelinetoberecalledunaided.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Fromhisfindings,Hayhasestablishedsomeflexibleguidelinesforparentsofidenticaltwins.Onesuggestionisforparentsto______sothatcontactwithotherchildrenwill______acceleratelanguagedevelopment.

3.

Thechiefdisadvantageofpronouncingwordswhileyoureadthemisthatittendstotiereadingspeedtospeakingspeed,andthesilentreadingofmostnormalreadersisnearly______asfastastheirspeaking.

4.

SecondLife'sbasicmembershipisfree,but______makesmoneybychargingamonthlyfeetopurchasevirtuallandandbuildahouseorotherstructureonit.

5.

TheArcticiswarmingfasterthantherestoftheworld.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.It'sthemonitoringfunctionthatmakesthehostprocessorfinallysolveadisputeaboutatransaction.

7.InternetUsersTurnAddicts

Ifyou'reanInternetuser,youknowwhoyouare.Theyareamongallofusinsociety,althoughmanymaychoosenottoacknowledgethattheytoo,frequentlyusetheInternet.AsIsithereandlookacrossthestreet,Iseeamaninfrontofhisowncomputer;thescreenglowingagainstthewindowbehindhim.Hedoesnotusehispersonalcomputerforwork,heisafarmer.Hehasbecomewhatisknownasan"InternetJunky".

Theaddictionbeginsinnocently.Atthestart,youarenotevenawareofthepossibilitiesthatmayform.fromyourexcessivecomputeruse.Youbegintotakeanavidinterestine-mailingwithyourfriendsandfamily.Oncethenoveltyofkeepingintouchwithyourcolleagueswearsoff,andresearchingstartstoboreyou,youmaypossiblyexpandyourcomputerusagetochatting.Yes,chatting.Itissomethingthatisbecomingmoreacceptableinourlives,butitisstilllookeddownuponbymanyskeptics.ChattingthroughtheInternetinvolveschoosinganappropriatenicknameforyourself—forexample,Fisherman—andthenfindingaroomwhereyoufeelcompelledtospendtimein.Onceyou'veenteredtheroom,otherfellowchattersmaysay,"Hello...a/s/1(age/sex/location)please."

Andsobeginstheaddiction.Onceyoubecomeinvolvedinmeetingpeopleonline,itisdifficulttobreaksuchahabit.Youmayevenmakeadailyhabitofit.Peoplehavebeenfoundtocarryoutexactlythesamebehavior,notonlyacrossthenation,butacrosstheglobe.Inanyoneroom,youmaycomeacrosspeoplefromfivedifferentcountriesoftheworld.Granted,noteveryonewhostaysonlineforhoursonend,areenvelopedinchatting,butitismoreoftenthannot,thecauseforInternetAddictionDisorder(IAD).

TheprevalenceofInternetAddictionDisorderhasbeenincreasinginnumber,henceasupportgroup,amongmanytheInternetAddictionSupportGroup(IASG)hasbeendeveloped.IAD,a"maladaptive"patternforInternetuse,isleadingtoimpairmentand/ordistresscausedbythree(ormore)ofthefollowing,atanytimeinaperiodofoneyear:

-AneedformarkedlyincreasedmountsoftimeonInternettoachievesatisfaction;

-MarkedlydiminishedeffectwithcontinueduseofthesameamountoftimeonInternet;

-ReductioninInternetusewhichhasbeenprolonged.

SymptomsofInternetAddictionDisorderinclude:

-Psychomotoragitation;

-Anxiety;

-ObsessivethinkingaboutwhatishappeningonInternet;

-FantasiesordreamsaboutInternet;

-Voluntaryorinvoluntarytypingmovementsofthefingers.

Thesesymptomsbegintocauseconflictinsocial,occupational,oranotherimportantareaoffunctioning.Peoplewhobecomeaddicted,usetheInternettorelieveoravoidwithdrawalsymptoms,whicharesimilartothosebroughtonbythehaltofdruguse.Thedisorderisrecognizedbythe"persistentdesire"or"unsuccessfulefforts"tominimizetheInternetuse.

OnJune14,1998,ABCnewsreportedthatan"Internetcrazed"Cincinnatiwomanwasarrestedforneglectingherthreeyoungchildren.Thewomanreportedlyspent12hoursstraightonline,whileherhungrykidswerelockedawayinaroomsoshecouldbeonlinewithoutinterruption.

TheInternetisrapidlybecominganaddictivesourcetoalotofitsusers.UsersoftheInternetinclude:students,housewives,andbusinessprofessionals.Someoftheseusersspendaminimumofthirty-eighthoursperweekonthe"net";hence,losingtouchwithrealityandreekinghavocontheirstudies,familylives,andeventheircareers.Basedonlevelofaddiction,therearethreegroupsofInternetaddicts:

-the"I'm-not-addicted-users";

-the"I-only-use-it-when-I-have-to-users";

&nb

A.YB.NC.NG

8.4Gwirelesscommunicationcantaketheplaceof______tosendimagesbacktocentralcommandcenter.

9.

AccordingtoPara3,______perpersonoftheearth'ssurfacecanbeusedtoproducefood.

10.

AccordingtoPrivacyInternationalinLondon,whichwordcandescribeGoogle'sattitudetoprivacyexactly?

A.Confusing.B.Adorable.C.Hypocritical.D.Indifferent.

11.TheWonderfulWorldofSmall

There'saquietrevolutiongoingon,anditsnameisnanotechnology.Ahostofinnovationsarecomingourway.Someseemalmostmagical,likethenewmaterialcreatedin2004byRayBaughman,aprofessorattheUniversityofTexas.It'sstrongerthansteel,transparent,very,verylight.Ahectare-sizesheetwouldweighjust280grams.

Whentheprofessorannouncedthathehadn'tdecidedwhattocallit,hestartedtogetemailsfromaroundtheworldsuggestingnames.Sinceitwassolightandstrong,peoplestartedcallingit"mithril"—thenameofahighlyprizedtypeofarmorusedinTheLordofRings.

Thereareotherdiscoveriestoo—perhapsnotsoastounding,butpracticalandpleasant.Nowtherearesocksthatdon'tgetsmelly,pantsthatresiststains,windowsthatrepeldirtandtoiletsthatcleanthemselves.Allthisresultsfromexploringtheworldofthevery,verysmall.

NanocomesfromtheGreekwordfromdwarf.Usuallynanotechnologyisdefinedasthestudyandmanipulationofmattersmallerthan100nanometers(纳米)—that'sthescaleofthingslikemoleculesandviruses.Tenhydrogenatomspressedtogetheragainsteachotherarejustonenanometerlong.Andonemillionnanometersfitintoamillimeter.Hardtograsp?Thinkofitthisway:IfeveryoneinManilawereananometerwide,theentirepopulation,standingshouldertoshoulder,wouldfitonyourthumbnail.

StunningUsesofNanotechnology

LikeAliceinWonderland,researchersinNanolandfindthemselvesinaworldwhereoldrulesdon'tapply.Smallthingsbehavedifferently.Thisisbehindseveralinnovations,includingtheself-cleaningtoilet.Thetoiletbowlissealedwithasuper-smoothglaze(涂层)thathasmicroscopicholesunder30nanometers.Becausethey'resmallerthanbacteriaorothertinyparticles,there'snotenoughroomfordirttogetstuckinthesurface.Flushingisbasicallyalltheworkyouhavetodo.

ResearchersinNanolandarealsomakingreally,reallysmallthingswithastonishingproperties—likethecarbonnanotube.ChrisPapadopoulosoftheUniversityofVictoria,says,"Thecarbonnanotubeistheposterboyfornanotechnology."

Inyourpencil,carbon,intheform.ofgraphite(石墨),issoftandeasilybroken.Butacarbonnanotubeistoughasnails—muchtougherinfact.It'sverythinsheetgraphitethat'sformedintoatube.Thesetinystraw-likecylinders,whichcanbeassmallashalfananometerwide,areupto100timesstrongerthansteelandsixtimeslighter.Theyarethehardest,stiffest,strongestmaterialsknownandareamongtheworld'sbestconductorsofheatandelectricity.Theycancarrysome1,000timesmoreelectricitycurrentthancopperwire:Everybodywantsthem,butuntilnowthey'vebeeninshortsupplyandpricey.Thecurrentannualproduction,worldwide,isonly300kilograms.At＄860agram,carbonnanotubescost50timesmorethangold.

Whenitcomestofindingusesforcarbonnanotubes,therangeishuge.TheNationalResearchCouncilCanada(NRC)islookingatharnessingtheirstrengthbyembeddingtheminconstructionmaterials,amongotherapplications.TheBoeingCompanythinksnanotubesmaybethesourceoffututeimprovementsforhigh-performanceaircraft.SomeofthemoststunningusescomeoutofRayBaughman'sresearch.Employingwhathecallsthe"ancienttechnologyofspinning",Baughrnanandhisteamdevelopedawayofspinningcarbonnanotubesintofibersthatarefourtimestougherthanspidersilk,thetoughestnaturalfilament(细丝).Sincetheyalsoconductelectricity,thefuturisticyarnscouldbewoveninto"smart"clothingthatstoreselectricity,ispotentiallybulletproofandincorporatessensorscapableofadjustingthetemperatureofgarment.Thefiberscouldalsobemadeintocablesforsuspensionbridgesmuchlong

A.YB.NC.NG

12.Meritwillhavetostartwithamorelucrativelegaljobinsteadofherfavoriteposition—apublic-interestattorneybecauseshehasto______.

13.

MitaliDayalthinksthelastgeneration'sbeliefonhowtogetlove______.

14.

Laptopsequippedwith___________________canallowtheirownerstotemporarilydealwithofficeworkinsomepublicplaces.

15.IfAmericansaren'tcompetitiveinscience,theycannotsurvivetheseverecompetitionbetweendevelopedcountries.

16.

Althoughtherearesomedrugseffectiveinrelievingflusymptomstoday,nonecancureflu.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Apersonwhothinksabouthavingweightlosssurgeryshouldfind______bariatricsurgeon.

18.Whatisn'tsaidaboutthecasewithPCBs?

A.AnaccumulationofPCBsinthehumanbodyisthedirectreasonofthecancerandotherseveredisorders.

B.PCBscan'tbedisintegratedusingconventionalwaste-treatmentways.

C.PCBsaredegradedbynaturalprocessesveryslowly.

D.PCBshavebeenfoundinhighcontentsinthefattytissuesoffish.

19.Ifyoufailtosay"thankyou"tothereceptionists,theywillhavenegativeimpressionsofyou.

20.

DuringChristmasof1963______wascomingintoMiamiforalanding.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(29)

A.Todemonstratethelatestuseofcomputergraphics.

B.Toraisefundsforpublictelevisionprogramming.

C.Toexplaintheworkingsofthebrain.

D.Toincreasemembershipinprofessionalmedicalsocieties.

22.(25)

A.Becausebothdefraudtheinnocentpublic.

B.Becausetheyareforthesameinterest.

C.Becausetheyemploythesametechniques.

D.Becausebothhavenotbeenheldaccountable.

23.(28)

A.Fewpeoplequalifyas"naturalleaders".

B.Thereisnoproofthat"naturalleaders"exist.

C.Naturalleadersareeasilyacceptedbythemembersofagroup.

D.Naturalleadersshareasimilarsetofcharacteristics.

24.(21)

A.Ahardworkingambitiousyoungman.

B.Ayoungmangoodatmanaginghistime.

C.Acollegegraduatewithpracticalworkingexperience.

D.Ayoungmanwithhisownideaofwhatisimportant.

25.

【B6】

26.听力原文：Peoplearealwaystalkingabout"theproblemofyouth".Ifthereisone—whichItakeleavetodoubt—thenitisolderpeoplewhocreateit,nottheyoungthemselves.Letusgetdowntofundamentalsandagreethattheyoungareafterallhumanbeings—peoplejustliketheirelders.Thereisonlyonedifferencebetweenanoldmanandayoungone.theyoungmanhasagloriousfuturebeforehimandtheoldonehasasplendidpastbehindhim;andmaybethatiswheretherub(摩擦)is.

WhenIwasateenager,IfeltthatIwasjustyounganduncertain—thatIwasanewboyinahugeschool,andIwouldhavebeenverypleasedtoberegardedassomethingsointerestingasaproblem.Foronethinly,beingaproblemgivesyouacertainidentity,andthatisoneofthethingstheyoungarebusilyengagedinseeking.

Ifindyoungpeopleexciting.Theyhaveanairoffreedom,andtheydon'thaveadrearycommitmenttomeanambitionsorloveofcomfort.Theyarenotanxioussocialclimbers,andtheyhavenodevotiontomaterialthings.Allthisseemstometolinkthemwithlife,andtheoriginsofthings.It'sasiftheywere,msomesense,cosmicbeingsinviolentandlovelycontrastwithussuburbancreatures.AllthatisinmymindwhenImeetayoungperson.Hemaybeconceited,ill-mannered,presumptuousorfatuous,butIdonotturnforprotectiontodrearyclichesaboutrespectofelders—asifmereagewereareasonforrespect.Iacceptthatweareequals,andIwillarguewithhim,asanequal,ifIthinkheiswrong.

(30)

A.Oldpeoplethinkoftheyoungas"aproblem".

B.Oldpeoplecreatethis"problem"ofagedifference.

C.Oldpeoplehaveapast;youngpeoplehaveafuture.

D.Oldpeopleandyoungpeopleforgettheyareallhumanbeings.

27.听力原文：W:Ican'tbeartheairpollutioninthiscityanymore.It'sgettingworseandworse.Theskylooksgreymostofthetime.

M:Yousaidit!We'veneverhadsomanyfactoriesbefore.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(19)

A.Hemightmovetoanothercityverysoon.

B.Thewoman'sexaggeratingtheseriousnessofthepollution.

C.Theairpollutioniscausedbythedevelopmentofindustry.

D.Thecitywaspoorbecausetherewasn'tmuchindustrythen.Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

28.(44)

29.(31)

A.Itisbeingraisedeachyear.

B.Itremainsconstant.

C.Itwillreachsealevelin9,000years.

D.Itisbeingloweredgradually.

30.

【B5】

31.听力原文：M:DidyoutellSallyshehasfailedtheexamagain?

W:No.Ididn’thavethehearttotellher.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(18)

A.Shedoesn'tlikeaheart-to-hearttalkwithSally.

B.Shethinksthetopicistooseriousforher.

C.ShethinksthenewsistoohardforSally.

D.ShedaresnottotellSallythehadnews.

32.(24)

A.Hispoormemory.

B.Hisfatigue.

C.Hislackofdiligence.

D.Hismethod.

33.(36)

A.Theirtastymeat.

B.Theprincipleoftheirdefensesystemagainstdisease.

C.Theirsolidskin.

D.Theprincipleoftheirbirthmodes.

34.【B8】

35.(26)

A.Sheisafull-timehousewife.

B.Shedoesnotcareforherchildren.

C.Sheusedtoliveinthesuburbsinherchildhood.

D.Shewillgotoamuseumnextweekend.

36.【B2】

37.听力原文：W:OurPresident,sinceleavingofficefiveyearsago,hasspentahugeamountoftimepromotingAIDSawarenessandprevention.

M:ThatisthethingIhavebeendoing.

W:IknowyoujustcamebackfromJohannesburg,SouthAfrica,partofyoursix-nationtourofAfrica.

M:Right.Youknow,AfricahasbeenmoreaffectedbyAIDSthananyotherplaceintheworld.

W:Why?

M:Ithinkthat'spartlybecausetherewerenotsystemsinplacebothtopreventpeoplefromcontractingitandspreadingit.

W:Howisyourworkgettingon?

M:IthinkwearebeginningtomakesomeheadwaynotonlyinAfrica,butinotherplaceswhereit'saproblem.

W:Canyounamesome?

M:Itisspreadingworldwide,growingevenfasternowintermsoftherateofincreaseintheformerSovietUnionandtheCaribbean,India,China.

W:Iknowyourfoundationismakingagreatdealofprogress.Isitreasonabletoexpectthatitcanbebroughtundercontrol?

M:Well,yes,butyouhavetotakecareofeducationandpreventionandcareandtreatmentatthesametime,andthetwothingsspeedupeachother.

W:Howshouldweunderstandtheyspeedupeachother?

M:Whenyou'vegottotreatpeople,you'vegottoovercomeanykindofculturaldislike,talkaboutitandgetyoungpeopletobehaveresponsiblyandyou'vegottodowhateveryoucantogetasmanypeopletestedasquicklyaspossiblebutkeepinmindthatthisisadiseasethat'sonehundredpercentpreventable.

(20)

A.TravelinginSouthAfricatoseekmedicalhelp.

B.PromotingawarenessandpreventionofAIDS.

C.Visitingclientsandsigningcontracts.

D.Collectingfundforthenewbusiness.

38.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：TheAmericanCivilWarbeganonApril12,1861inSouthCarolina.Thewartookmorethan600,000lives,destroyedpropertyvaluedat$5billionandbroughtfreedomto4millionblackslaves.

InNovember,1860,AbrahamLincolnwaselectedthe16thPresidentoftheUnitedStates.SinceLincolnhadbecomewellknownthroughoutthecountryforhisanti-slaveryviews,hiselectioncausedapanicamongtheslaveownersintheSouth.EarlyinFebruary,1861,sevenstatesthatsecededfromtheUnionformedtheConfederateStatesofAmerica,withJeffersonDavisasPresident.SoshortlyafterLincolnhadtakenoffice,itwasdecidedbyhisCabinetthattheUnionwastobekeptbyforce.

Thewarwentonfor4bitteryears,withupsanddownsonbothsides.Inmanpower,wealth,andresources,theNorthwasmuchstronger.Thesouth,however,hadbettergeneralsandabettermilitaryposition.So,thefirsttwoyearsoftheCivilwarwentbadlyfortheNorth.Itwasnotuntilthesummerof1863thattheUniontroopsbegantowindecisivevictoriesonthebattlefields.OnJuly1,1863,theConfederatesmettheUnionarmyatthelittletownofGettysburginsouthernPennsylvania.Afterthreedaysoffighting,thesouthernforcesweakenedandwereforcedtoretreat.TheBattleofGettysburghasbeencalledtheturningpointofthewar.FinallytheConfederatearmyhadtosurrender,endingthewarinMay,1865.Asaresultofthewar,slaverywasabolishedandtheUnionwaskept.

(27)

A.$600,000.B.$4,000,000.C.$5,000,000.D.$5,000,000,000.

39.

【B7】

40.听力原文：W:ProfessorMarnes,IwonderifyoucanfillmeinonyourlecturelastFriday.Ihadtoattendascholarshipawardceremony.

M:Ohwell,congratulations.Ihopeyouwererewardedhandsomely!

W:Well,everybithelps.So,aboutyourlecture,Iunderstandyouweretalkingaboutextinctions.

M:Yes.Well,thecruxofmytalkwasjustthatwetendtothinkofextinctionasadramaticevent,butmostspeciesdieoutoverquiteaperiodoftime.

W:Whydotheydieoff?Ithoughttheywerecontinuouslyimprovingthemselves.Naturalselection,Ithinkyouoncementioned.

M:Ah,butyouseewhilethereisnaturalCompetitionbetweenthespecies,whatdetermineswhichspeciessurviveislargelybychance.

W:Idon'tgetit.Whydospeciesbothercompeting?

M:Well,thereareshort-termadvantages.Butmanyspeciesalsoarehelpedbyothers.Forexample,thecommonhouseflyandcockroachesmighthavediedoffyearsagoifnotforhumans.

W:Butyou'renotsayingthathumansaresosuccessfulmerelybecauseofchance?

M:Toacertainextent,humanswereinitiallyluckyenoughtohavetherightweatherconditionsandalackofpredators,butnow,ofcourse,wesurvivebyingenuity!

W:gowemayneverbecomeextinct.

M:No,becausewemaybeinacrashcoursetoextinctionbyourcontinuousexploitationoftheenvironment.Wearearelativelyyoungspeciesandourtimeishotyetoverdue.

W:Butthereare6billionofus!

M:Yesandthere'remanymorehousefliestoo!Eachwiththecapacitytospreadonediseasefromonepersontoanotherinafastperiodoftime.

(20)

A.Sheiswritingacompetitivepaperforascholarship.

B.Sheisdoingapaper.

C.Shemissedthelecture.

D.Sheisplanningtoattendthescholarshipawardceremony.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Whichofthefollowingcompanieswillfaceamoredifficultproblem?

A.McDonald'sB.UnileverC.QuelleSchickendansD.Volkswagen

42.

Theresearchoncoinsstoredfrom100B.C.to50C.E.indicatesthat______.

A.civilwarsreducedabout1000000people

B.theAugustancensusesincludedwomenandchildren

C.populationexplosionhypothesisisreasonable

D.somecivilwarsdidn'tcausehighcasualties

43.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Withtheprospectofcoalandpetroleumsuppliesrunningoutandwithairpollutionbecominganincreasingconcern,themajorcountriesoftheworldareseekingalternatesourcesofenergy.Ifameanstoobtainenergyfromwater,especiallyfromtheocean,canbeeffectedeconomically,itwouldprovideanever-endingsupplyofenergy,since70%oftheearth'ssurfaceisoceanandanother10%isfreshwaterinriversandlakes.

Fromthebeginningoftimemanhasusedwaterpowerasasourceofworkingenergy—waterfallsanddams—butthesearefreshwatersourcesandarelandlocked.Theseashavecontributedlittleornothinginthewayofpower.Theuseoftemperaturevariationbetweencurrentsisoneareaofexploration.Oceanwaterisheatedbythesunneartheequatoranddrawnbytherotationoftheearthtowardthepoles,whereitcoolsanddropstowardtheoceanfloorandstartsitsjourneybacktowardtheequator.Thedifferentialbetweenthetwocurrentsisl℃and7℃.Touseit,thescientistsmustfindtheplaceswheretheyrunnearlandandarenottoofarawayfromeachother.

America,thegreatestconsumerofenergy,hasbeenworkingonanotherkindofthermalseaenergyproposal.Oneplanwouldsomewhatresembletheoperationofarefrigeratoronavastscale.Warmwaterwouldbetheheatsource,coldwatertheheatsink.Acomponentsuchasfogwouldbeliquidatacoldtemperatureandturntogasasitwarmed.

Oceansalsoofferwavepower,tidesandthechemicalreactionofsaltwateraspotentialsourcesofenergy.Alltheseusesaretheoreticallypossible.Britainisinterestedinwavepower,usingastringof"teardrop"devicesthatdependonveryactivewaveareasat100feetdepths.Inadditiontothis,theBritishareworkingonamethodthattheJapanesehavealreadyputintopracticaluseonasmallscaleforpoweringtheirnavigationalboats.Thismethodiscalledanoscillating(振荡)watercolumnandridesthewaveswithaseriesofcylinders(气缸)havingone-wayairvalves.Wavemovementproducesairunderpressurethathasonlyoneescaperoute—toaturbine(涡轮)thatpowersagenerator.

Theuseofwaterreferredinthispassageis______.

A.anewconceptcomparedwithotherwaysofnaturalresources

B.lessexpensivethanpetroleumandothermeansofenergies

C.nowbeingusedmorefromtheoceanthanfromriversandlakes

D.beingdevelopedtosupplementothersourcesofenergy

44.

InwhatwaydoesBoliviaincreasebarrierstodoingbusiness?

45.

Researchuniversitiesstillattachimportancetoresearchinacademicpromotionspartlybecause______.

A.professorswithacademicachievementsareusuallyresponsibleandtough

B.itisdifficulttoconductobjectiveevaluationofteachingquality

C.topstudentswhowanttobechallengedappreciateresearchprofessors

D.researchhelpstoimprovetheeffectivenessofteaching

46.

【C4】

47.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

TwocitiesthatlayattheedgeoftheMediterraneanmorethan1.200yearsago,HerakleionandEasternCanopus.disappearedsuddenly,swallowedbythesea.Now,aninternationalteamofscientistsmayhavefiguredoutthemysteryofwhyithappened.

Theresearchershaveconcludedthatthetwocitiescollapsedwhenthelandtheywerebuiltonsuddenlyliquefied(液化).

Untilrecently,theonlyevidencethattheyexistedcamefromGreekmythologyandthewritingsofancienthistorians.Then,duringexpeditionsin1999and2000.ateamofFrenchmarinearchaeologistsheadedbyFranckGoddiofoundtheruins--almostcompletelyintact--buriedontheseaflooroftheAbuQirBayinEgypt.

Sincethen,therehasbeenmuchspeculation(猜测)aboutwhythecitiesdisappearedsosuddenly.Earthquakes,subsistence(生存)conditions,andariseinsealevelhaveallbeensuggestedaspossibilities.

"Therearenowrittendocumentsonhow.When,orwhythesetwocitieswentdown,"saidJean-DanielStanley,ageoarchaeologistwiththeSmithsonianInstitutioninWashington.D.C.

StanleyandhiscolleaguesattheInstituteEuropeend'ArcheologieSans-MarineinParis(theEuropeanInstituteofMarineArchaeology)arguethatamajorfloodoftheNileinthemiddleoftheeighthcenturyA.D.wastoblame.Theflood,theysay,triggeredthesinkingofEasternCanopusandHerakleionbyturningthegroundbeneaththecitiesintoliquefiedmud.

Thecollapsewassuddenandcatastrophic,saidStanley."Wecantell,"hesaid,"becauseinbothplaceswe'vefoundgoldandjewelry,which,iftherehadbeentime,peoplewouldhavetakenwiththemwhenfeeing."

HerakleionandEastCanopusoncestoodatthemouthofthenow-extinctCanopicbranchoftheNile.BuiltsometimebetweentheseventhandsixthcenturiesB.C.,asthedaysoftheEgyptianPharaohswarecomingtoanand,thecitiesflourishedasgatewaystoEgypt.

HarakleinnwasaportofentrytoEgyptandgrewwealthybycollectingtaxesongoodsbeingshippedupriver.

Frozenintimebelowthewatersweremanytemplesandstatuesofgodsandgoddesses,alsoattestingtothecities'roleasdestinationsforreligiouspilgrims.

Untiltheunderseadiscovery,historiansknewaboutthecitiesonlythroughmythandancientliterature.Menelaus,thekingofSpartaandhusbandtoHelen,overwhomtheTrojanWarwasfought,wassaidtohavestayedinHerakleionfollowingtheten-yearwaragainstTroy.

GreekmythologyholdsthatthecityofCanopuswasnamedafterMenelaus'helmsman(舵手),whowasbittenbyaviper(毒蛇)andtransformedintoagod.

TheGreekhistorianHerodotuswroteofhavingvisitedthecitiesin450B.C.

Thecities'fortunesdeclinedwhenAlexandertheGreatfoundedAlexandriain331B.C.Yetcenturieslater,GreekgeographerStrabo(63B.C.-21A.D.)describedthelocationandwealthofHerakleion,whileSeneca(5B.C.-65A.D.)condemnedthecitiesfordecadent(颓废的)andcorruptlifestyles.

Accordingtothepassage,whendidHerakleionandEasternCanopusdisappear?

48.

Theauthorstates"politiciansassertbutdonotargue"attheendofParagraph3inordertosuggestthatpoliticians______.

A.makeclaimswithoutprovidingreasonsfortheclaims

B.takestrongerpositionsonissuesthaninthepast

C.enjoyexplainingtheissuestobroadcasters

D.dislikehavingtoexplaintheirownpositionsonissuestocitizens

49.

Accordingtothewriter,skiingconditionsintheSalzburgareaofAustriabeforetheaccidenth