主谓一致的讲解最全面的主谓一致的讲解

PAGEPAGE4主谓一致的讲解一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and连接主语时And连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数LiMingandZhangHuaaregoodstudents.Likemanyothers,thelittletrampandthenaughtyboyhaverushedthereinsearchofgold.小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子Bothriceandwheataregrowninthisarea.2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。Theprofessorandwriterisspeakingatthemeeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言Ajournalistandauthourlivesonthesixthfloor.一位新闻记者兼作家HislawyerandformercollegefriendwaswithhimonhistriptoEurope.他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行ThePremierandForeignMinisterwaspresentatthestatebanquet.总理兼外长比较：thewriterandtheeducatorhavevisitedourschool.thewriterandeducatorhasvisitedourschool.HislawyerandhisformercollegefriendwerewithhimonhistriptoEurope.注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可Aboyandgirlareplayingtennis.3)并列主语前有each,every,manya,no等修饰时谓语动词用单数Eachdoctorand(each)nurseworkinginthehospitalwasaskedtohelppatients.Everyman,womanandchildisentitledtotakepartintheactivity.有权参加Everyboyand(every)girladmireshimforhisfinesenseofhumour.Manyaboyand(manya)girlhasmadethesamemistakeNoboyandnogirlistherenow.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意：manya跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多Manyastudentwasdisappointedafterseeingthemovie.4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数Alawandruleaboutprotectingenvironmenthasbeendrawnup.法规制定Theknifeandforkhasbeenwashed刀叉已经被洗好Warandpeaceisaconstantthemeinhistory战争与和平是历史永恒的主题注意;常被视为主体的结构Acupandsaucer一副杯碟Ahorseandcart马车Aknifeandfork一副刀叉Alawandrule法规Aneedleandthread一套针线Fishandchips炸鱼加炸薯条Thestarsandstripes星条旗2.由(either)…or或neither…nor等连接的主语时由either…or,neither…nor,or,notonly…but(also)…连接主语时，谓语动词陈述句中就近原则EitheryouorJaneistobesenttoNewYork.要么你要么简被派往纽约Neitheryounorhehasfinishedtheexperiment.Neithertheteachernorthestudentslikethispieceofmusic.都不喜欢这首曲子Notonlytheoldfarmerbutalsohisfamilywerefriendlytome.Notonlyhisfriendsbutalsohehimselfislookingforwardtotakingpartintheparty.3.主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走NotyoubutIamtoanswerthequestionI,notyou,amtoanswerthequestion.二、单一主语的主谓一致1.名词本身自带s作主语时1）学科名词:physics物理mathematics/maths数学economics经济学politics政治学新闻;news体操：GymnasticsAsweknow,Physicsisafundamentalsubjectinscience.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科Mathematicsisarequiredcourseformiddleschoolstudents.数学是中学生的一门必修课Einsteinoncesaid,“Politicsismuchmoredifficultthanphysics.”注意：当mathematics表示运算时谓语动词用单数复数都可Ifmymathematicsis/areright,theansweris56.如果我的运算正确，答案就是56Thetelevisionnewsisat7o’clockintheeveningeverydayGymnasticsismysister’sfavouritesport2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语means方式方法aircraft飞机works工厂crossroads十字路口deer鹿sheep羊fish鱼Thisworkswasbuildin1982这座工厂是Byfar,threesteelworkshavebeencloseddowninthiscityThismeansoftransporthasbeentriedAllpossiblemeanshavebeentried3）由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数chopsticks筷子compasses圆规glasses眼镜gloves手套Jeans牛仔裤pants裤子scissors剪子shoes鞋子shorts短裤socks短袜trousers裤子Mytrousersarewhiteandhisclothesareblack.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的Whyareyourshoessodirty?注意;如果这些词由单位词（apairof,asuitof,apieceof,akindof等）修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数Apairofscissorsislyinginthatdrawer.Thesekindsofglassesarepopularthissummer.4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数TheunitedStatesisadevelopedcountryTheNewYorkTimesiswidelyreadintheworld.5)以-s结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数TheHimalayashaveamagnificentvarietyofplants.植物种类繁多TheNiagaraFallsaresplendidwaterfalls.6)以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数ThestudentseachhaveanEnglish-Chinesedictionary7.noneof+不可数名词谓语用单数noneof,neitherof,+可数名词复数/复数代词+谓语动词单数复数都可eitherof,Noneofthatmoneyinthedeskishis不可数名词Noneofhisclassmatesknowsthetruth.=NoneofhisclassmatesknowthetruthNeitherofthestatementsistrue=Neitherofthestatementsaretrue两种说法没有一个真实Eitherofthequalificationsisacceptable=Eitherofthequalificationsareacceptable8.neither与either做形容词修饰单数名词时谓语动词用单数Eitherqualificationisacceptable两种资格中的任何一种都可以接受Neitherqualificationisacceptable9.分数百分数+of+名词，someof,plentyof,alotof,lotsof,mostof,therestof,all(of),half(of)谓语常与of后面的名词一致分数/百分数+of+复数名词/复数代词谓语动词用复数分数/百分数+of+单数名词/单数代词谓语动词用单数不可数名词Twothirdsofthestudentssupporttheplan复数名词Onetenthofthemaresufferingfromthiskindofillness.复数代词Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea单数名词EightypercentoftheemployeesinthecompanyarefromBeijing百分数复数名词Thirtypercentofitsareaisfloodedeachyear.百分数单数名词TherestofthemoneybelongstoyouTherestofthestudentsspeakforit.HalfoftheappleisrottenHalfoftheapplesarerotten10.more(…)thanone…结构作主语时More(…)thanone…+单数名词谓语用单数More+复数名词+thanone谓语用复数Morethantwo+复数名词谓语用复数MorethanonewhiterosehasbloomedinthegardenMorewhiterosesthanonehavebloomedinthegardenMorethantwowhiteroseshavebloomed两个以上的的白玫瑰开了11.anumberof+复数名词谓语用复数许多的Thenumberof+名词谓语动词用单数…的数量AnumberoftreesaregreeninAprilAgreatnumberoftouristshavebeentotheGreatWallAlargenumberofworkerwereoutofworkbecausethefactorywasdestroyedinflood.Thenumberofstudentsinthecomputerclassislimitedtoten.Thenumberofworkerswhowereoutofworkwas1,000.12.there/here…引导句子时就近原则TherearesomechairsandatableintheroomThereisatableandsomechairsintheroomHerearesomegiftsforyouHereisabook,apenandsomepaperforyou.13.当主语后接修饰语时With,alongwith,togetherwith,but,besides,except,like,including,inadditionto,aswellas,ratherthan,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致Alibrarywithfivethousandbooksisofferedtothenationasagift被作为礼物送给了这个国家Theteacher,alongwithherstudents,isgoingtoattendthelecture听报告Apeasant,togetherwithsomesoldiers,isabouttohelpus.Allbutonehavearrivedhere.除了一个人外所有人都到了Nooneexcepttwostudentswaslateforclass.再没有其他人上课迟到Thegarage,inadditiontothehouse,wasburned.Sheaswellastheothergirlsisgoingtoanothersupermarked.YouaswellasIarewrong.Thefather,ratherthanthebrother,isresponsible.父亲而不是兄弟们应当负责14.The+形容词做主语时表示一类人用复数谓语表示抽象概念用单数谓语Theinjuredwerecarriedawayonstretchers.用担架抬走了TheoldaremorelikelytocatchcoldthantheyoungT