2023年山西省运城市高考英语模拟试卷及答案解析

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023年山西省运城市高考英语模拟试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ANPR'sStudentPodcast（播客）Challengeisback-forafifthyear!Thisyear'scompetitionwillopenforentriesonJanuary6，2023andcloseonApril28.

Asinpastyears，ourjudgeswillchoosewinnersintwocategories：gradesfivethrougheightandgradesninethroughtwelve.Entriesmustbesubmittedbyaneducatororastudentleaderwho's18yearsoldorolder.Anotherimportantruleisthatthemaximumlengthofyourpodcastiswithineightminutes，andlongerentrieswillbedisqualified.

Ourjudgeswillusethefollowingcriteriatonarrowdownandchoosethewinners：

Informationandstructure，40percent

Doesthepodcasttellagoodstoryorteachussomethingnewandimportant？Isitstructuredinawaythatkeepslistenersengaged？Canweeasilyfollowthestoryyou'retellingortheinformationyou'reexplaining？Haveyouspenttimecuttingoutunnecessaryinformationtomakesurethemainideascomethroughclearly？

Personalityandcreativity，40percent

Doesithavepersonality，ordoesitsoundlikeyou'rereadingfromascript（脚本）？Doesitmakeuslaughorcryorleaveusdeepinthought？

Production，20percent

We'renotjudgingyouonhowfancyyourequipmentisandwedon'texpectyoutobeanexpertonrecordingandeditingsound，butwehopeyou'lltry.

Somepodcastsmayuseanarration（讲述）format.Othersmaybemoreofaninterviewformat.Ifyouusesoundapartfrominterviewsandnarration，makesureitisclearandsmooth.1.Whatisthedeadlineforhandinginyourpodcast？______A.January6. B.February18. C.March26. D.April28.2.Whoarequalifiedtosubmitthepodcasttothecompetition？______A.Allmonitors. B.Anystudent. C.Teachers. D.Parents.3.Whatisarequirementfortheentries？______A.Theyshouldbemorethaneightminutes.

B.Theymustbewellstructuredandedited.

C.Theyhavetoadoptaninterviewformat.

D.Theymustbeproducedwithspecialsoundeffects.BOnFebruary20，thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostopacceptinganynewarticlesfromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAIwrittenstories.

"Bythetimeweclosedonthe20th，wehadreceived500humanwrittenstoriesand700AIwrittenones，"saideditor-in-chiefNeilClarke."Itwasincreasingatsuchaspeedthatwefiguredthatbytheendofthemonth，wewouldhavedoubledthenumberofarticleswenormallyhave.Theratehadbeengrowingfrompreviousmonths，andwewereconcernedthatwehadtodosomethingtostopit."

WorriesaboutAImisusehavefrequentlyappearedinheadlinesrecently，particularlysincethelaunchofChatGPTinNovember，2022，whichcannotonlyanswerabroadrangeofquestions，butalsocreateoriginalpoemsandstories.

Clarkesaidmagazineslikehis，whichpaycontributorsfortheirwork，werebeingtargetedbypeopletryingtomakequickmoney.HesaidhehadalreadyspokentoeditorsofothermagazinesandthatallofthemhadagreedtostopacceptingAI-writtenarticles.Healsoadmittedthatthehumorofhissci-fimagazinebeingtargetedbyAIrobotsisnotlostonhim.

"Youknow，ourmascot（吉祥物）isarobot.Soweseetheirony，"hesaid."Butthethingisthatsciencefictionisoftenintendedtogiveawarningtopeople.Wedon'tcelebratetechnologyjustbecauseitexists.Wewanttomakesurethatwe'reusingitright.Andtherearesomesignificantlegalandmoralissuesaroundthistechnologythatwe'renotreadytoaccept.

Clarkesaidthemagazinedidn'tknowhowtodealwiththeissue，andpartofthemotivationtospeakoutwasinthehopeoffindingsomesolutions.HealsosaidthequalityoftheAIwrittenstorieswasverypoor.4.What'sthematterwiththemagazineClarkesworld？______A.Itwillclosedownforever. B.ItwastargetedbyAIwriters.

C.Itstoppedpayingcontributors. D.Ithaslostmanygoodauthors.5.Whatcanweinferaboutothermagazines'attitudetotheAI-writtenstories？______A.Disapproving. B.Favorable. C.Unknown. D.Tolerant.6.WhatdoesNeilClarkesayaboutsciencefiction？______A.Itoftenintendstofindsomesolutions.

B.Itwelcomestheexistingnewtechnologies.

C.ItwillacceptAIwrittenstoriesinthenearfuture.

D.Itoftentriestowarnthedarksideoftechnologies.7.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom？______A.Anotice. B.Asciencefiction.

C.Anewsreport. D.Abookreview.CThenewWebbtelescopehasdiscoveredwhatappeartobegalaxies（星系）thatdatebacktowithin600millionyearsoftheBigBang.Thesixnewlydiscoveredobjectssuggestthattheearlyuniversemayhavebeendevelopingunexpectedlyfasttoproducethesehugegalaxies.

Whilethenewtelescopehasspottedevenoldergalaxies，datingtowithin300millionyearsofthebeginningoftheuniverse，it'sthesizeofthesesixgalaxiesthatshocktheresearchers.

"Mostgalaxiesinthiseraarestillsmallandonlygraduallygrowinglargerovertime，"leadresearcherIvoLabbeofAustralia'sSwinburneUniversityofTechnologysaid."Butthesesixgalaxiesarefast-trackingtomaturity.Whythisisthecaseorhowthisworksisunknown."

Accordingtothereport，whichwaspublishedinthejournalNatureonWednesday，eachofthesixobjectsweighsbillionsoftimesmorethanoursun.Inoneofthem，thetotalweightofallitsstarsmaybeasmuchas100billiontimesgreaterthanoursun.

ThePennsyIvaniaStateUniversity'sJoelLeja，whoalsotookpartinthestudy，said，"Whatwefoundissounexpectedthatitactuallycreatesproblemsforscienceanditmightcallthewholepictureofearlygalaxyformationintoquestion."

Thesegalaxyobservationswereamongthefirstsetofdatafromthe＄10billionWebbtelescope，whichwasjustlaunchedoverayearago.UnlikeHubble，thebiggerandmorepowerfulWebbcanseethroughcloudsofdustwithitsinfrared（红外的）visionanddiscovergalaxiespreviouslyundetected.Scientistshopetoeventuallyobservethefirststarsandgalaxiesformedfollowingthecreationoftheuniverse13.8billionyearsago.

Theresearchersarestillwaitingforofficialconfirmation."It'spossiblethatafewoftheobjectsmightnotbegalaxies，butblackholes.OneearlylessonfromWebbistoletgoofourexpectationsandbereadytobesurprised，"Labbesaid."Nextyearitwilltellus."8.Whatisspecialaboutthesixnewlydetectedobjects？______A.Theirage. B.Theircolor. C.Theirsize. D.Theirshape.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"fast-trackingtomaturity"inparagraph3mean？______A.Turningquickly. B.Circlingsmoothly.

C.Travellingfast. D.Growingrapidly.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwotelescopes？______A.HubblecanseefurtherthanWebb.

B.WebbismorepowerfulthanHubble.

C.WebbismuchcheaperthanHubble.

D.HubbleisrelativelybiggerthanWebb.11.WhatdoesIvoLabbemeaninthelastparagraph？______A.Thedatamightnotbecomplete.

B.Theresearcherswillbedisappointed.

C.HedoesnotagreewithJoelLeja.

D.ThenewWebbtelescopeisunreliable.DDuringtheindustrialage，whenhighschoolwaskeytotheAmericandream，public-schoolsystemscoveredthecostsofearningadiploma.Today，however，ascollegedegreeshavereplacedhighschooldiplomasastheticketintothemiddleclass，familiesareforcedtocoverthecostsofhighereducationandmore.Iftheinformation-ageeconomydemandsaworkforcewithhighereducation，theUSgovernmentneedstomakethesamedealwithstudentsandtheirfamilies：Anyonewillingtoworkhardandearnthedegreeshouldbeabletoattendcollege-forfree.

Withthatbasicbargaininmind，MichiganhaslatelyjoinedOregon，RhodeIslandandTennesseeinexperimentingwithwaystomakecommunitycollegefree.UnderthetermsoftheChicagoStarScholarship，aprogramthathasalreadyenrolledmorethan6，000students，ifastudentatapublichighschoolinMichiganmaintainsaBaverage，thestatewillprovideafreedegreeatalocalcommunitycollege.Then，throughanotherprogramChicagoStarPlus，studentswhohavescored3.0GPAarequalifiedtoreceiveatuitiondiscountat18ofthefouryearcollegeslocatedinMichigan.

ChicagoStarScholarshipandChicagoStarPlusarealreadychangingyounglives.Itshighschoolgraduationrategrewfrom56.9percentin2011to78.2percentin2022.AndChicagoStarPlus'collegeattendingrateis86percent，wellabovethenationalaverageof62.7percent.

Morethanacenturyago，Americaachievedanexplosionofsocialmobilitybycreatingasupportivepublicschoolsystemthatrunsto12thgrade.Byaddingcommunitycollegestothenation'spublic-schoolsystemsandeducationalrequirements，wecanstrengthenthebeliefintheAmericandreamagain.12.WhatdoestheauthorsuggesttheUSgovernmentdotoday？______A.Cancelallcollegestudents'debts.

B.Reducethecostsforthemiddleclass.

C.Providefreehighereducationforqualifiedstudents.

D.Helppoorfamiliestocoverthefeesofhighereducation.13.WhocanreceivetheChicagoStarScholarship？______A.Anystudentwhohasachieved3.0GPA.

B.AllpublichighschoolstudentsinMichigan.

C.Allstudentsadmittedintothe18four-yearcolleges.

D.AnyMichiganpublichighschoolerwhomaintainsaBaverage.14.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout？______A.ThesignificanceoftheprogramsinMichigan.

B.ThehighdropoutrateintheUScolleges.

C.ThepotentialcostsofChicagoStarPlus.

D.ThepopularizationofhighereducationintheUS.15.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped？______A.Byanalyzingdata. B.Bylistingexamples.

C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byconductingsurveys.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）AccordingtoJaimeRoberts，goodconsultingisoftenaboutlooseningthebody，openingthemindand，moreoftenthannot，keepingthemouthshut.

Yourbodylanguagematters

JaimeRobertshasbeenoneofmygotoexpertsforadvicefordecades.WhenIonceaskedherwhyshewassogoodatconsulting，shewasquicktomentionherbodylanguage."（1）______，"shesaid."Otherwise，theymightnotopenuptomeasmuchasIwouldwantthemto.

Youdon'thavetofixtheproblem

That'sanotherthingJaimeRobertshaslearnedonthejob."Peoplewhoask'WhatshouldIdo？'oftenwanttoprocessaproblemthemselves.（2）______，"shesaid."Partofthetrickisrememberingthatlisteningisthebestthingyouhavetodo，inmostcases.，"

Youdon'tneedtogiveadvicerightnow

TextsandFaceTimemightbeimmediate，butyouradvicedoesn'thavetobe.（3）______."Forcingyourselftogiveadvicewhenyoucan'twilldomoreharmthangood，"shesaid.

（4）______.

You'reboundtohearaboutproblemsyouhaven'texperiencedfirsthand.That'swhyJaimeRobertssaysyoushouldletthemknowthatyou'rejusthumanbeingswithlimitedexperience.（5）______.

A.Don'tsaytheirchoicesarewrong

B.Youcannotgiveadviceasgivingsomeoneanorder

C.Itrytoappearrelaxedandavoidlooksofshockorjudgment

D.Youdon'tneedtohavethesameproblemtobeagoodconsultant

E.Butyoushouldletthemknowyouwilldoyourbesttounderstandthem

F.You'reagoodconsultantifyoucanhelpthemfixtheproblemontheirown

G.Youcanpolitelyexplaintothemthatyouwilltalktothemwhenyou'reready16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）SujataHalarkarwouldliketoeatfishcurry（咖喱）everyday.It'savery（1）______currywiththebasicingredients（原料），nothingveryfancy.However，it'sarecipepasseddownfromher（2）______whoisstilllivinginMumbai，India.

HalarnkarnowlivesinYuma，Arizona，butshe（3）______inMumbai，andhergrandparentslivedina（n）（4）______coastalvillage.Hermotherwouldsendhertohergrandparents'homefor（5）______.There，hergrandmawouldcookthiscurryforher.

"TheylivedinaneighboringvillageandIwenttherealmosteveryweek.Thatisoneofthe（6）______memoriesIhadaboutmychildhood，"Halarnkarsaid."Wehadaprettyandpeacefulbeachtoourselvesandwewould（7）______fishfromtheseaeverymorning.

（8）______later，fishcurryisstillthecomfortfoodtoHalarnkar，whosaidherfamilyalwayscooksitwhenthey，（9）______atweekendsintheUS.

"We'llgoouttothefishmarket，buyfresh（10）______andmakethiscurry，"shesaid."Wedon'tevenworryaboutvegetables.Wejusteatsomesteamedriceandthisfishcurry."

Halarnkarhaspassedonthe（11）______toherdaughterNatasha，wholivesinSanDiegoandsharesHalarnkar'sloveofcooking.Andeventhoughthenext（12）______hastherecipe，Halarnkarsaidshestill（13）______thecurryhergrandmamadeinIndia.Infact，she'slookingforwardtohavingitnexttimeshegoesto（14）______her.

"I'm10%surethatsheisgoingtomakeitformewhenI（15）______there，"Halarnkarsaid.21.

A.expensive B.extraordinary C.new D.traditional22.

A.grandmother B.husband C.aunt D.neighbor23.

A.passedaway B.settleddown C.grewup D.criedout24.

A.dangerous B.nearby C.busy D.ugly25.

A.parties B.schools C.weekends D.gifts26.

A.saddest B.hardest C.strangest D.best27.

A.see B.catch C.raise D.save28.

A.Days B.Weeks C.Months D.Decades29.

A.work B.play C.hunt D.gather30.

A.chicken B.fish C.meat D.milk31.

A.recipe B.talent C.house D.thought32.

A.store B.village C.generation D.guest33.

A.avoids B.invents C.hides D.prefers34.

A.pay B.hug C.visit D.treat35.

A.arrive B.leave C.move D.marry四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.Chinahasplantedmillionsoftreesinitsnorthwestoverthepasttwodecadesaspartofits（1）______（amaze）fightagainsttheexpandingdeserts.

Theefforthaspaidoff.Around2000，desertsacrossthecountrywerestillincreasingby10，400m2ayear.

Butin2017，theyweredecreasingbymorethan2，400m2ayear.The（2）______（achieve）wasconfirmedbyastudyfromtheLaboratoryofClimateandEnvironmentalSciencesinParis"In1999，theChinesegovernmentbeganplantingmillionsoftreesinitsGrainforGreenProgram.It（3）______（carry）outtorepairdamagedfarmlandinnorthwesternChina，（4）______isroughlythesizeofFrance，"saysPhilppeCiais，aresearcheratthelaboratory."Iwasthereafewmonthsago，anditisindeedsurprisingthatoncebarelandscapesarenowalmostfullycoveredbyplants."

"Thegrowthofforestsissignificant（5）______necessaryprogressinthefightagainstdesertification，"saysJianpingHuang，aresearcheratLanzhouUniversity."Butit'sstilltooearlytodeterminewhetherithassolvedtheproblem.Researchershavefoundthatmanyoftheplantspecies（6）______（introduce）totheregionusemorewater（7）______nativevegetation.Itcouldleadtowatershortagesforhumans.

Thenationalforestrydepartmenthasrecognizedtheerror.Inrecentyears，ithasworkedmorecloselywithresearchersandcommunitiestofindwaystoplantless（8）______（thirst）plantsthathaveeconomicvalue.

"All（9）______（program）needtotakeintoaccountlocalconditions，"theforestrydepartmentsaidinMarch."（10）______（we）effortsshouldgotowardskeepingvegetationsustainable，ratherthansimplyplantingmoretrees."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是李华。你的外国笔友Tom对你班开展的课外活动（extracurricularactivities）非常感兴趣，希望你介绍这方面的有关情况。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：

（1）课外活动介绍；

（2）你最喜欢的活动；

（3）喜欢的原因。

注意：

（4）写作词数应为80左右；

（5）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

__________________38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Afterfillingoutsixtyapplications，goingthroughthreeinterviews，andwinningjustoneoffer，ItookwhatIcouldget：toteachinaremoteareainwesternNewJersey.IkeptremindingmyselfthatIcoulddowhatIhadalwaysdreamedofdoingsinceIwasfourteen：teachingEnglish.

Attheschool，Iworkedveryhard，onlytakingtimeofftoeatandsleep.Igotalongverywellwithmystudentswhowereonlysevenoreightyearsyoungerthanme.

ButIhadaproblemlongbeforeIknewit.Iwasstrugglinginmyworkasayoungidealisticteacher.Iwantedtomakeliteraturecomealiveandtopromotealoveforthewrittenwords，whilethestudentspreferredtothrowpaperplanesandwhisperdirtywordsinthebackoftheroom.

Incollege，Ihadbeentaughtthatasuccessfuleducatorshouldignorestudents'badbehavior.SoIdid，feelingconfidentthat，asthetextbookshadsaid，thebadbehaviorwoulddisappearasIgavemystudentspositiveattention.Itsoundedreasonable，butthetextbooksevidentlyignoredthefactthathumans，particularlyteenagers，rarelyseemreasonable.

Bythetimetheprincipal，whowasalwaysreadytofirebadteachers，cameintotheclassroomtoobservemyclass，thestudentsexhibitedverylittlegoodbehavior.Afterbesettleddowninthebackoftheroom，theboysintheclasswerestillmakinganimalnoises，hittingeachotherandthegirlsfiled（修剪）theirnailsorreadmagazines.

Ijustpretendednothingwrongwashappening.Iwentonlecturingandtriedtoasksomeinspiringquestions.Theprincipalseemedtobegrowingmoreandmoreannoyed.Aftertwentyminutes，heleft，silently.

Visionsofunemploymentmarchedbeforemyeyes.IonlyfeltmildlycomfortedthatIpoweredthroughtherestoftheclasswithoutcrying.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

Afterclass，Iwasaskedtoseehim.__________

Imadeupmymindtomakeachange.__________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、C、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段This

year's

competition

will

open

for

entries

on

January

6，2023

and

close

on

April

28.（今年的比赛将于23年1月6日开始报名，4月28日结束。）可知提交播客的截止日期是4月28日。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Entries

must

be

submitted

by

an

educator

or

a

student

leader

who's

18

years

old

or

older.（参赛作品必须由18岁或以上的教育工作者或学生领袖提交。）可知有资格向比赛提交播客的是教师。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据Information

and

structure，40

percent部分Isitstructuredinawaythatkeepslistenersengaged？Canweeasilyfollowthestoryyou'retellingortheinformationyou'reexplaining？（它的结构是否能吸引听众的注意力？我们能很容易地跟上你讲的故事或你解释的信息吗？）可知参赛作品的要求是它们必须有良好的结构和编辑。故选B。

本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了NPR新闻的学生播客挑战赛的详细信息。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】B、A、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的OnFebruary20，thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostopacceptinganynewarticlesfromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAI-writtenstories.（2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。）可知Clarkesworld是被AI写手逼得不得不暂停接受新稿件。故选B。

（2）观点态度题。根据第四段中的HesaidhehadalreadyspokentoeditorsofothermagazinesandthatallofthemhadagreedtostopacceptingAI-writtenarticles.（他说，他已经和其他杂志的编辑谈过，他们都同意停止接受人工智能撰写的文章。）可知，其他杂志对AI生成的作品持不赞成的态度。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第五段中的But

the

thing

is

that

science

fiction

is

often

intended

to

give

a

warning

to

people.We

don't

celebrate

technology

just

because

it

exists.We

want

to

make

sure

that

we're

using

it

right.And

there

are

some

significant

legal

and

moral

issues

around

this

technology

that

we're

not

ready

to

accept.（但问题是，科幻小说往往是为了给人们一个警告。我们不会因为技术的存在而赞美它。我们要确保我们正确地使用它。关于这项技术，有一些重大的法律和道德问题，我们还没有准备好接受。）可知，NeilClarke认为科幻杂志经常试图警告技术的黑暗面。故选D。

（4）文章出处题。根据第一段中的OnFebruary20，thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostopacceptinganynewarticlesfromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAI-writtenstories.（2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。）可知文章第一段中交代了事情发生的时间，由此判断，这是一篇新闻报道。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了享誉全球的科幻杂志Clarkesworld最近受AI作品的影响，不得不暂停接受新稿件。

考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

8~11.【答案】C、D、B、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的Whilethenewtelescopehasspottedevenoldergalaxies，datingtowithin300millionyearsofthebeginningoftheuniverse，it'sthesizeofthesesixgalaxiesthatshocktheresearchers.（虽然新望远镜发现了更古老的星系，可以追溯到宇宙起源的3亿年内，但这六个星系的大小令研究人员震惊。）可知，这六个星系的大小尺寸是其特别之处，因此让研究人员震惊。故选C。

（2）词义猜测题。根据第一段中的Thesixnewlydiscoveredobjectssuggestthattheearlyuniversemayhavebeendevelopingunexpectedlyfasttoproducethesehugegalaxies."（这六个新发现的天体表明，早期宇宙可能以出人意料的速度发展，产生了这些巨大的星系。）及划线词前的Mostgalaxiesinthiseraarestillsmallandonlygraduallygrowinglargerovertime，...But...（这个时代的大多数星系仍然很小，只是随着时间的推移逐渐变大，"澳大利亚斯威本科技大学的首席研究员伊沃•拉贝说。但是）可推断，fast-trackingtomaturity意为"快速走向成熟"，结合选项A.Turning

quickly快速拐弯；B.Circling

smoothly顺利旋转；C.Travelling

fast快速旅游；D.Growingrapidly迅速生长。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第六段中的UnlikeHubble，thebiggerandmorepowerfulWebbcanseethroughcloudsofdustwithitsinfrared（红外的）visionanddiscovergalaxiespreviouslyundetected.（与哈勃望远镜不同的是，韦伯望远镜体积更大、功能更强大，它可以用红外视野穿透尘埃云，发现以前未被探测到的星系）可知，韦伯望远镜比哈勃望远镜更强大。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据第五段中的Whatwefoundissounexpectedthatitactuallycreatesproblemsforscienceanditmightcallthewholepictureofearlygalaxyformationintoquestion.（我们的发现是如此出乎意料，它实际上给科学带来了问题，它可能会让早期星系形成的整个图景受到质疑。）以及第六段中的Thesegalaxyobservationswereamongthefirstsetofdatafrom...（这些星系观测是价值100亿美元的韦伯望远镜的首批数据之一，该望远镜于一年多前刚刚发射）及最后一段One

early

lesson

from

Webb

is

to

let

go

of

our

expectations

and

be

ready

to

be

surprised（韦伯给我们的一个早期教训是，放下我们的期望，准备好接受惊喜）可知，韦伯望远镜观测的结果受到了质疑。由此推知，IvoLabbe担心第一批数据可能不完整。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了韦伯太空望远镜最近发现的六个疑似星系。

考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

12~15.【答案】C、D、A、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Iftheinformation-ageeconomydemandsaworkforcewithhighereducation，theUSgovernmentneedstomakethesamedealwithstudentsandtheirfamilies：Anyonewillingtoworkhardandearnthedegreeshouldbeabletoattendcollege--forfree.（如果信息时代的经济需要受过高等教育的劳动力，那么美国政府也需要与学生及其家庭达成同样的协议：任何愿意努力学习并获得学位的人都应该能够免费上大学。）可知，作者建议美国政府今天为合格的学生提供免费高等教育。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的UnderthetermsoftheChicagoStarScholarship...ifastudentatapublichighschoolinMichiganmaintainsaBaverage，thestatewillprovideafreedegreeatalocalcommunitycollege.（根据芝加哥之星奖学金的条款如果密歇根州公立高中的学生平均成绩保持在B，州政府将在当地社区大学免费提供学位。）可知，这个奖学金项目惠及的是密歇根州成绩达到B级的高中生。故选D。

（3）段落大意题。根据第三段的第一句ChicagoStarScholarshipandChicagoStarPlusarealreadychangingyounglives.（芝加哥明星奖学金和芝加哥明星Plus已经改变了年轻人的生活。）可知，第三段主要讲述的是这些项目在密歇根的意义。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据第二段With

that

basic

bargain

in

mind，Michigan

has

lately

joined

Oregon，Rhode

Island

and

Tennessee

in

experimenting

with

ways

to

make

community

college

free.Under

the

terms

of

the

Chicago

Star

Scholarship，a

program

that

has

already

enrolled

more

than

6，000

students，if

a

student

at

a

public

high

school

in

Michigan

maintains

a

B

average，the

state

will

provide

a

free

degree

at

a

local

community

college.Then，through

another

program

Chicago

Star

Plus，students

who

have

scored

3.0

GPA

are

qualified

to

receive

a

tuition

discount

at

18

of

the

four

year

colleges

located

in

Michigan.（考虑到这一基本交易，密歇根州最近加入了俄勒冈州、罗德岛州和田纳西州的行列，尝试让社区大学免费。根据已经招收了6000多名学生的"芝加哥之星奖学金"（ChicagoStarScholarship）项目的条款，如果密歇根州公立高中的学生平均成绩保持在B，州政府将在当地社区大学免费提供学位。然后，通过另一个项目ChicagoStarPlus，平均分达到3.0的学生有资格获得密歇根18所四年制大学的学费折扣。）可知，作者主要是通过密歇根州的两个奖学金项目所产生的积极成果来支持自己的论点的。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。作者认为在信息时代，国家有义务为国民提供免费的高等教育。

考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

16~20.【答案】C、F、B、D、E【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据空前When

I

once

asked

her

why

she

was

so

good

at

consulting，she

was

quick

to

mention

her

body

language.（有一次我问她为什么这么擅长咨询，她很快就提到了自己的肢体语言。）可知，本空承接上文，继续介绍肢体语言。C选项"I

try

to

appear

relaxed

and

avoid

looks

of

shock

or

judgment.我尽量表现得很放松，避免露出震惊或评判的表情。"符合语境。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。本段主题句是You

don't

have

to

fixthe

problem.

（你不需要解决问题）；结合空前People

who

ask

'What

should

I

do？'

often

want

to

process

a

problem

themselves（那些问"我应该做什么？"的人经常想自己解决问题。）可知，空前围绕主题，说明你不需要解决问题的原因，此处承接上文，具体介绍你该怎么做。你只需要起到帮助作用即可。F选项"You're

a

good

consultant

if

you

can

help

them

fix

the

problem

on

their

own如果你能帮助他们自己解决问题，你就是一个好的顾问。"符合语境。故选F。

（3）细节理解题。根据空格后Forcing

yourself

to

give

advice

when

you

can't

will

do

more

harm

than

good，"

she

said.（当你不能给别人建议的时候，强迫自己给别人建议只会弊大于利，她说。）可知，提出不要强迫自己给别人建议。B选项"You

cannot

give

advice

as

giving

someone

an

order.你不能像给别人命令一样给别人建议。"符合语境。故选B。

（4）标题归纳题。本空为本段的主旨句。根据本段中的关键句You're

You're

bound

to

hear

about

problems

you

haven't

experienced

firsthand，

（你一定会听到一些你没有亲身经历过的问题。）可知，顾问会遇到各种问题，而不会总是同样的问题。D选项"You

don't

need

to

have

the

same

problem

to

be

a

good

consultant.要成为一名优秀的顾问，你不需要遇到同样的问题。"符合语境。故选D。

（5）推理判断题。根据空格前You're

bound

to

hear

about

problems

you

haven't

experienced

firsthand.That's

why

Jaime

Roberts

says

you

should

let

them

know

that

you're

just

human

beings

with

limited

experience.（你一定会听到一些你没有亲身经历过的问题。这就是为什么杰米罗伯茨说你应该让他们知道你只是一个经验有限的人。）可知，前文指出自己是个经验有限的人，此处承接上文，说明经验有限的顾问，该如何去做，E选项"But

you

should

let

them

know

you

will

do

your

best

to

understand

them但是你应该让他们知道你会尽最大努力去理解他们。"符合语境。故选E。

这是一篇说明文。本文章介绍了成为好顾问的几个技巧。

"七选五"选择题，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项，得出正确的答案。

21~35.【答案】D、A、C、B、C、D、B、D、D、B、A、C、D、C、A【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.expensive昂贵的；B.extraordinary

非凡的；C.new新的；D.traditional传统的。句意：这是一种非常传统的咖喱，只有基本的食材，没有什么特别的。根据空后"withthebasicingredients"及下文细节可知，这种鱼咖喱饭是比较传统的，里面没啥花哨的食材。故选D。

（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.grandmother祖母；B.husband丈夫；C.aunt姑姑；D.neighbor邻居。句意：然而，这是她仍然住在印度孟买的祖母传下来的食谱。根据下文"There，hergrandmawouldcookthiscurryforher."及"...Halarnkarsaidshestill（13）thecurryhergrandmamadeinIndia."可知，她是从外祖母那里学会做鱼咖喱的。故选A。

（3）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.passedaway去世；B.settleddown定居；C.grewup成长；D.criedout大声呼喊。句意：哈拉恩卡现在住在亚利桑那州的尤马，但她在孟买长大，她的祖父母住在附近的一个沿海村庄。根据空前"HalarnkarnowlivesinYuma，Arizona，but..."可知，她是在孟买长大的。故选C。

（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.dangerous危险的；B.nearby附近的；C.busy忙碌的；D.ugly丑陋的。句意：哈拉恩卡现在住在亚利桑那州的尤马，但她在孟买长大，她的祖父母住在附近的一个沿海村庄。根据下文"'TheylivedinaneighboringvillageandIwenttherealmosteveryweek.'"可知，外祖母家很近。她几乎每个周末都会去那里吃外祖母做的鱼咖喱。故选B。

（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.parties聚会；B.schools学校；C.weekends周末；D.gifts礼物。句意：她妈妈会把她送到祖父母家过周末。根据下文"'TheylivedinaneighboringvillageandIwenttherealmosteveryweek.'"可知，外祖母家很近。她几乎每个周末都会去那里吃外祖母做的鱼咖喱。故选C。

（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.saddest最伤心的；B.hardest

最困难的；C.strangest最奇怪的；D.best最好的。句意：那是我童年最美好的回忆之一。根据空后"memoriesIhadaboutmychildhood"可知，这样的儿时记忆当然是最美好的：跟着外祖母在美丽的海滨捕鱼做咖喱。故选D。

（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.see看见；B.catch

抓住；C.raise提高；D.save挽救。句意：我们有一个美丽而宁静的海滩，每天早上我们都会从海里抓鱼。根据空后"fishfromtheseaeverymorning"可知，跟着外祖母在美丽的海滨捕鱼做咖喱。故选B。

（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.Days天；B.Weeks周；C.Months月；D.Decades几十年。句意：几十年后，咖喱鱼仍然是哈拉恩卡的心头好，她说她的家人在美国周末聚会时总是会做咖喱鱼。根据空后"fishcurryisstillthecomfortfoodtoHalarnkar"可知，此处指几十年后，鱼咖喱饭还能给身处异国他乡的Halarnkar带来莫大的安慰。故选D。

（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.work工作；B.play玩；C.hunt打猎；D.gather聚集。句意：几十年后，咖喱鱼仍然是哈拉恩卡的心头好，她说她的家人在美国周末聚会时总是会做咖喱鱼。根据空后"atweekendsintheUS"可知，在美国她的家人周末聚会时，也只买鱼做咖喱饭吃。故选D。

（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.chicken小鸡；B.fish

鱼；C.meat

肉；D.milk牛奶。句意：我们会去鱼市，买新鲜的鱼，然后做咖喱。根据空前"We'llgoouttothefishmarket，buyfresh"可知，在美国她的家人周末聚会时，也只买鱼做咖喱饭吃。故选B。

（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.recipe

食谱；B.talent天赋；C.house房子；D.thought思想。句意：哈拉恩卡把食谱传给了她的女儿娜塔莎，她住在圣地亚哥，和哈拉恩卡一样热爱烹饪。根据空后"toherdaughterNatasha，wholivesinSanDiegoandsharesHalarnkar'sloveofcooking."可知，Halarnkar已经把这个菜谱传给了自己的女儿。故选A。

（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.store商店；B.village村子；C.generation一代；D.guest客人。句意：尽管下一代有了这个食谱，哈拉恩卡说她仍然更喜欢奶奶在印度做的咖喱。根据空