英语学习前景英语

英语学习前景英语第1页/共127页Unit2 FoodCulture第2页/共127页PartCPartBPartALeadinTextExercisesLeadinTextExercisesPhoneticsGrammarFunctionsandNotionsUnit2 FoodCultureWritingWorkshop第3页/共127页Task2Task1Task3PartALeadin第4页/共127页Task1Studythepicturesanddiscussthequestionsbelowin

smallgroups.Usethewordsgivenbelowifnecessary.1. Doyoulikevegetables?Why?2. WhatdoyouthinkofthefoodinMcDonald’s?3. Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthecookingpotinthethirdpicture?

Cues:delicious,balance,healthy,tastelessCues:tasty,healthproblems,gettingfatCues:earthenpot(砂锅),soup,delicious,takealongtimePartALeadin第5页/共127页Doyoulikevegetables?Why?

2. WhatdoyouthinkofthefoodinMcDonald’s?Task1Studythepicturesanddiscussthequestionsbelowin

smallgroups.Usethewordsgivenbelowifnecessary.a.Yes,Ilikethemverymuch.Someofthemarevery

deliciousandcankeepourskinyoung.Besides,we

cantakeinnutritionfromthemandmaintaina

healthyandbalanceddiet.PartALeadinb.No,Idon’t.Vegetablesaretasteless,andasfor

fruits,justdon’thavethehabitofeatingthem.ThefoodinMcDonald’sisverytastyandmanypeoplearoundtheworldarereallyintoit.It’sOKtoeatitoccasionally,buteatingtoomuchwillcausehealthproblemssuchasgettingtoofat,whichisexactlywhattheboysinthesecondpicturearesuffering,Iguess.第6页/共127页Task1Studythepicturesanddiscussthequestionsbelowin

smallgroups.Usethewordsgivenbelowifnecessary.3.Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthe

cookingpotinthethirdpicture?

PartALeadinTomyknowledge,thiscookingpotiscalledtheearthenpot.ManyChinesefamilieshaveoneormore.Mymomoftenusesittocookporridge(粥)orsoup,whichtastemoredeliciousthanthosecookedbyelectricity-drivencookers.However,itreallytakesalongtimetocookthem.Iguessthat’swhytheytastesogood.第7页/共127页Task2Listentothefollowingshortdialoguesandfillinthe

blanks.Dialogue1

W: Hello,Mr.Zhang.Canyou__________meafewminutes?M: Sure.What’sup?W: Thanks.Iwas____________whetheryoucanexplaintwoChinesetermstome.M: Uh-huh.Whatterms?W: Yinandyang,whichI__________fromaChinesearticleaboutfoodtheotherday.Youknow,I’mveryinterestedinChinesefoodculture.M: Oh,Isee.ThesetwotermsarecommonlyusedinChinese__________andphilosophy,aswellasmedicine,diet,etc.W: Wow...theyseemtobevery__________inChinesetraditionalculture.M: Yougotit.Comeon,haveaseat.I’llexplainthemtoyouindetail.sparePartALeadinwonderinglearnedscienceimportant第8页/共127页Task2Listentothefollowingshortdialoguesandfillinthe

blanks.Dialogue2

M: Excuseme,areyouVicky?W: Yeah,it’sme.Gladtoseeyouhere.M: Me,too.Actuallyalittle__________.Well,whendidyoucomebackfromEngland?Howwereyouthere?W: Lastweek.Everythingwentjustfine,but...yousee,mybodyis______________now.M: Wow...that’s...reallyimpressive.Whathappened,girl?Youhadbeenvery__________beforeleaving.W: Stopjoking,OK?IknowIatetoomanyhotdogs,hamburgers,andthingslikethat.Iguessthat__________alot.M: Yeah,maybe.Different__________habits,aren’tthey?W: Right.I’lltrytogetbackintoshapeassoonaspossible.surprisedPartALeadinoutofshapeslimexplainseating第9页/共127页

Task3Discussthefollowingquestions.

1. Whatdoyouthinkisa“balanceddiet”?2. Haveyouheardoftheconceptsofyinandyang?Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthem?Canyougivesomeexamples?Cues:health,enoughnutrients,water,variousfoodsCues:opposingforces,interconnected,interdependent,

traditionalChinesemedicine,martialartsPartALeadin第10页/共127页

Task3Discussthefollowingquestions.

1. Whatdoyouthinkisa“balanceddiet”?Abalanceddietcanhelpmaintainorimprovehealth.Itinvolvesconsumingappropriateamountsofallessentialnutrientsandanadequateamountofwater.Differentnutrientscanbeobtainedfromdifferentfoods.Thatmeansourdailyfoodsshouldbevarious.PartALeadin第11页/共127页

Task3Discussthefollowingquestions.

2. Haveyouheardoftheconceptsofyinandyang?Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthem?Canyougivesomeexamples?PartALeadinAsfarasIknow,yinandyangareoftenusedtodescribehowopposingforcesareinterconnectedandinterdependentinthenaturalworld.Manyopposingthingsorevents,suchasdarkandlight,femaleandmale,lowandhigh,coldandhot,areconsideredyinandyangrespectively.TheseconceptsarewidelyusedintraditionalChinesemedicine,martialartsandexercises,suchastaijiquan(taichi),qigong(chikung),etc.第12页/共127页PartA TextSolvingtheAmericanHealthCrisiswithChineseDietMethodology

HowtoeathealthyhaslongbeenoneofthemostconfusingmysteriesfacingtheWesternworld.Althougheveryfewmonthsoneseesthereleaseofanewdiettrend,ourwaistlinescontinuetobecomewiderandwiderandourhealthproblemsthataredirectlyconnectedtopooreatinghabitshavecontinuedtoincrease.Perhapsthat’swhysomepeopleareturningtoEasternthoughtforadietingsolutionandtryingtounderstandChinesedietmethodology.

第13页/共127页PartA TextAttheheartofChinesedietmethodologyistheconceptoftheyinandyang.ThisisthemainideaoftheChinesediet.Yinandyangareopposites.TheyareoftendescribedintheTaijituasblackandwhiteswirlthatarecombinedharmoniouslydespitetheirobviousdifferences.InChinesephilosophy,theyinisconsideredfeminineandtheyangisthemasculineforce.Again,bothoftheseforcesaremeanttobeinbalanceforthegreatestsuccess.第14页/共127页PartA TextIntheChinesediet,theyinandyangarealsoveryimportant.Justasbalancebetweenyinandyangisdesiredinotheraspectsoflife,soisitdesiredintheEasterndiet.Forthisreason,Chinesefoodisclassifiedasoneortheotherofthesetwoforces.Forexample,vegetablesandfruitsareassociatedwithyin.Meat,ontheotherhand,isassociatedwithyang.第15页/共127页PartA TextIdeally,thismeansthatindividualswilleatagoodbalanceofbothyinandyangfoods.YoucanfindbookswrittenbyChinesedoctorsthatwilllistallofthefoodsthatarecategorizedaseitheryinoryang.Understandingthesecategorizationsisessentialifyouwanttoachievetruebalanceandharmonyinyourdiet.第16页/共127页PartA TextTheChinesepeoplebelievethatmostillnessescanbetracedbacktoalackofbalanceinthediet.Forexample,ifyouarefeelingweakandtiredtoomuch,thatmaymeanyouareeatingtoomuchoftheyinfoods.Rheumatismcanalsobetheeffectsofconsumingtoomuchyinfoods.Ontheotherhand,ulcerscanbecontributedtoeatingtoomuchyangfoods.Andifweconsumetoomuchyanginourbody,theChinesecalledthisas“heatiness”.第17页/共127页PartA TextThisideaistakenveryseriouslyinChina,particularlywhensomeoneinthefamilybecomesill.Tohelptreattheirsickness,soupsbasedonyinandyangingredientsareoftenpreparedandfedtothepersonwhoissuffering.Evenwhentheyarehealthy,Chinesepeopledotendtopaycarefulattentiontowhattheyareconsumingsothattheymaymaintainthishealthybalanceintheirdiet.第18页/共127页PartA TextWhilesomepartsoftheChinesemethodologymayseemunusualtoWesterners,manyoftheideasarenotascompletelyopposedasonemightthink.EvenWesterndoctorssuggestthekeytoahealthylifestyleiseatingabalanceddiet.Andisn’tchickensoup—themostoftenprescribedcureforthecommoncoldsbyWesternmoms—basicallyasoupcreatedfromyinandyangingredients?(495words)第19页/共127页运用中国的饮食方法来解决美国的健康危机

如何健康饮食，已成为西方世界长期以来所面临的一个最为困惑而神秘的问题。尽管每隔几个月就会出现新的饮食趋势，但是我们的腰围依然渐长渐宽，由不良饮食习惯直接引起的健康问题也在持续增加。也许这就

是为什么有些人想求助东方思想来解

决饮食问题并试图理解中国饮食方法

的原因。PartA Text Translation

第20页/共127页中国饮食方法的核心就是阴阳这对概念，这也是中国饮食的宗旨。阴和阳是相对的。在圆形太极图中黑白表示为阴阳鱼环转相抱。尽管颜色差异明显，但它们非常和谐地组合在一起。在中国哲学里，阴代表阴柔之气，而阳则被视为阳刚之气。同样，这两种力量要达到平衡，才能取得最大成功。PartA Text Translation

第21页/共127页阴和阳在中国的饮食里也非常重要。正如东方人希望生活的方方面面都要达到阴阳平衡一样，饮食也不例外。因此，中国的食物都被归为阴阳两类。例如，蔬菜和水果与阴相关，而肉类则与阳相关。PartA Text Translation

第22页/共127页也就是说，我们每个人摄取的阴阳食物要达到均衡。你会发现中医所写的书籍里列出的所有食物都分为阴性或者阳性。

如果想使自己的饮食真正达到均衡与协调，你就必须了解这些分类。PartA Text Translation

第23页/共127页中国人认为，大部分疾病都可以归因为饮食不均衡。例如，如果你总觉得身体虚弱疲惫，那可能意味着你吃了过多的阴性食物。

得风湿病也可能是因为吃了太多阴性食物。相反，溃疡则可能是因为吃了太多阳性食物引起的。如果体内摄入过多阳性食物，中国人就称之为“上火”。PartA Text Translation

第24页/共127页这种观念在中国很受重视，当家里有人生病时更是如此。为了帮助治疗疾病，人们会将阴阳食材搭配起来煲汤给病人喝。即使身体无恙，中国人也非常注重保持饮食的健康均衡。PartA Text Translation

第25页/共127页虽然西方人会觉得中国饮食方法论里有些说法很奇怪，但很多观点并非人们想像的那样有极大反差。连西医也认为均衡饮食是健康生活方式的关键。鸡汤经常被西方的母亲们用来治疗普通感冒，而这鸡汤不也是由阴阳食材做成的吗？PartA Text Translation

第26页/共127页n.(news,filmsetc.)tobemadeknown;theactofsetting

freeorbeingsetfreee.g.Thereleaseofhernewalbumgainedgreatfameforher.新专辑的发行使她一举成名。Aftertheirrelease,theprisonerscamehome.犯人们被释放后回了家。PartAText

LanguagePointsrelease第27页/共127页turntosomebody/somethingtogotosb./sth.forhelp,advice,etc.e.g.Shehasnobodyshecanturnto.

她求助无门。Thechildturnedtohismotherforcomfort.那孩子向母亲寻求安慰。PartAText

LanguagePoints第28页/共127页OriginallytheChinesecharactersforyinrepresentedthemoonandyangrepresentedthesun.Note:Chinesephilosophyusesyinandyangtorepresentawiderrangeofoppositepropertiesintheuniverse:coldandhot,slowandfast,stillandmoving,masculineandfeminine,lowerandupper,etc.Thefunctionofyinandyangisguidedbythelawofunityoftheopposites.Inotherwords,yinandyangareinconflictbutatthesametimemutuallydependent.Thenatureofyinandyangisrelative,withneitherbeingabletoexistinisolation.Without“cold”therewouldbeno“hot”;without“moving”therewouldbeno“still”;without“dark”,therewouldbeno“light”.

yinandyangPartAText

LanguagePoints第29页/共127页atermwhichreferstoaChinesesymbolfortheconceptofyinandyang(Taiji).Note:TheTaijituconsistsofasymmetricalpatterninsideacircle.OnecommonpatternhasanS-shapedlinethatdividesthecircleintotwoequalpartsofdifferentcolors.Thepatternmayhaveoneormorelargedots.TheclassicTaoistTaijitu,forexample,isblackandwhitewithablackdotuponthewhitebackground,andawhitedotupontheblackbackground.

TaijituPartAText

LanguagePoints第30页/共127页n.themovementofcausing(air,water,etc.)tomoveor

flowwithtwistsandturnsandwithvaryingspeede.g.Swirlsofsmokerosethroughthetrees.树林中升起袅袅青烟。Shetoppedthecakewithaswirlofcream.她给蛋糕浇上旋涡状的奶油。

swirlPartAText

LanguagePoints第31页/共127页harmoniouslyad.inawaythatthepartsofsth.gowellandarein

proportiontoeachothere.g.Inthegarden,therearestonepathsthatblend

harmoniouslywiththescenery.

花园里的石子路和周围的景色很协调。Thegroupofbuildingsstandsharmoniouslywiththe

surroundings.这组建筑群与周围的环境很协调。PartAText

LanguagePoints第32页/共127页philosophyn.abelief(orsystemofbeliefs)acceptedasauthoritative

bysomegrouporschoole.g.HebelievedinthephilosophyofRussell.他信奉罗素的哲学。Heisquiteinterestedinpre-Qinphilosophy.他对先秦哲学很感兴趣。PartAText

LanguagePoints第33页/共127页femininea.oforlikewomen;havingthequalitiesorappearance

consideredcharacteristicofwomene.g.That’safemininereaction.这是女性特有的反应。Thatdressmakesyoulookveryfeminine.那条裙子让你看起来很有女人味。PartAText

LanguagePoints第34页/共127页masculinea.havingthequalitiesorappearancethoughttobetypical

ofmene.g.masculinelooks,attitudes男子汉的容貌、姿态Shelooksrathermasculineinthatsuit.她穿着那套衣服看上去有些男性化。PartAText

LanguagePoints第35页/共127页classifyv.toarrange(sth.)systematicallyinclassesorgroupse.g.Thebooksinthelibraryareclassifiedby/accordingto

subject.图书馆的书是按照科目分类的。

Wouldyouclassifyhernovelsasseriousliteratureor

other?你认为她的小说属于严肃文学类，还是其他类?PartAText

LanguagePoints第36页/共127页associatev.tojoin(peopleorthings)together;toconnect(ideas,

etc.)inone’sminde.g.WhiskyisusuallyassociatedwithScotland.人们常把威士忌同苏格兰联系起来。Ialwaysassociatehimwithfastcars.我总是由他联想到高速汽车。PartAText

LanguagePoints第37页/共127页categorizetoputpeopleorthingsintogroupsaccordingtowhat

typetheyaree.g.Participantswerecategorizedaccordingtoageandsex.参加者按年龄和性别进行分类。Hislatestworkcannotbecategorizedaseitheranovelor

anautobiography.他的新作既不属于小说也不属于自传。PartAText

LanguagePoints第38页/共127页essentialnecessary;indispensable;mostimportante.g.Ismoneyessentialtohappiness?金钱对于幸福是必不可少的吗?It’sessentialthatyouattendallthemeetings.你务必要参加所有的会议。PartAText

LanguagePoints第39页/共127页tracebacktotofindtheoriginofsth.e.g.Herfearofwatercanbetracedbacktoachildhood

accident.她很怕水,起因可追溯到儿时的一次事故。ThestorycanbetracedbacktoanoldNormanfamily.这个故事可以追溯至一个古老的诺曼家族。PartAText

LanguagePoints第40页/共127页consumetouse(sth.)up;toeatordrink(sth.)e.g.Thecarconsumesalotoffuel.这辆汽车很费汽油。Hesoonconsumedhisfortune.他很快就把财产挥霍殆尽。PartAText

LanguagePoints第41页/共127页heatinessAsinnature,heatcausesexpansionandincreasedactivity.Whenoutofbalance,heatcanleadtoirritability,fever,andinflammatoryconditions.Byitsnature,heatrises,appearingasaredfaceandeyes,sorethroat,anddizziness.PartAText

LanguagePoints第42页/共127页feedsomethingtosomebody/somethingtogive(apersonorananimal)sth.asfoode.g.Pleasefeedsomemorestewedappletothebaby.请给婴儿多喂些炖苹果。Shefeedsfishtothecat.她喂鱼给猫吃。PartAText

LanguagePoints第43页/共127页prescribetoadviseorordertheuseof(esp.amedicine,remedy,

etc.)e.g.Askthedoctortoprescribesomethingforthatcough.请医生开点咳嗽药。Thedoctorprescribedaholidayasthebestcureforhis

depression.医生认为治疗他的抑郁症的最好方法是去度假。PartAText

LanguagePoints第44页/共127页Task

2Task3Task4Task5Task6Task7Task1PartA Exercises第45页/共127页Task1Readthetextagainandcheckwhetherthefollowing

statementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).1. Moreandmorehealthproblemsareconnectedwithpoordietinghabits.()2. InChinesephilosophy,theyinisconsideredasmasculineforce.()3. Vegetablesandfruitsareassociatedwithyang.()4. TheChinesepeoplebelievethatimbalanceinthedietmaycauseillnesses.()5. ThewholeChinesedietmethodologyiscompletelyopposedtotheWesternone.()PartA ExercisesFTFTF第46页/共127页Task2Identifythekeywordsormainideasofthefollowing

paragraphsParagraph2:introductiontothe_________oftheyinandyangParagraph3:Chinesefood_____________astheyinandyangParagraph8:the

conceptsoftheyinandyangusedin__________sicknessParagraph9:theChinesedietmethodologyin___________eyesconceptPartA ExercisesclassifiedtreatingWesterners’第47页/共127页Task3FillinthepuzzlespaceswiththewordsfromTextAaccordingto

theexplanationsgivenbelow.Across3.tofindtheoriginofsomething;tofollowordiscoversomebody/somethingbyfindingandnoticingmarks6.tojoin(peopleorthings)together;toconnect(ideas,etc.)inone’smind8.afoodthatisusedwithotherfoodsinthepreparationofaparticulardish9.oforlikewomen;havingthequalitiesorappearanceconsideredcharacteristicofwomen10.(news,filmsetc.)tobemadeknown;theactofsettingfreeorbeingsetfreeDown1.toadviseorordertheuseof(esp.amedicine,remedy,etc.)2.touse(something)up;toeatordrink(something)4.toarrange(something)systematicallyinclassesorgroups5.toputpeopleorthingsintogroupsaccordingtowhattypetheyare7.necessary;indispensable;mostimportant1.prescribe2.consume3.trace 4.classify5.categorize6.associate7.essential8.ingredient9.feminine10.releasePartA Exercises第48页/共127页Task4Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsfrom

Task3.Changethewordformsifnecessary.1. Hisfatherisableto________thefamilybacktomanycenturiesago.2. Theprisonerwasquestionedbeforehis________.3. Thehealthproblems___________withobesityarenumerous.4. Shelikes__________thingslikelipsticks,scarvesandjewelry.5. Thesefamousquotationsare__________bysubjectsandauthors.tracePartA Exercisesreleaseassociatedfemininecategorized第49页/共127页Task4Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewords

fromTask3.Changethewordformsifnecessary.6. Morepeopleneedlandtoliveonandwoodproductsto____________.7. Whenmencook,theyarepicky(挑剔的)aboutwhat___________theyuse.8. Didthedoctor__________anymedicineforyourheadache?9. Hardworkis__________tosuccess.10. Wewill________thesesubjectsunderthreetopics.consumePartA Exercisesingredientsprescribeessentialclassify第50页/共127页Task5Completethesentencesusingderivativesofthewords

inthebox.Changethewordformsifnecessary.1. Somewebsitesoffermedicineswithouta____________oradoctorreview.2. Ialwaystakefuel___________intoconsiderationwhenbuyingacar.3. Thedesigner’saimistoproducea_________ofshapeandtexture.4. Ifyouwouldlikea_________service,pleasechooseregisteredmail.5. Theresultsofthissurveycanbedividedintothreemain____________.prescriptionPartA Exercisesconsumptionharmonytraceablecategories第51页/共127页Task6Rewritethefollowingsentencesafterthemodels.Twoappletreesstandinfrontofthebuilding.Anoldladylivesintheoldhouse.Alargepumpkinfelltotheground.Infrontofthebuildingstandtwoappletrees.PartA ExercisesIntheoldhouselivesanoldlady.Tothegroundfellalargepumpkin.第52页/共127页Task6Rewritethefollowingsentencesafterthemodels.1.Igotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.2.Inordertoarriveintime,theysetoutearly.3.Heshoutedatthetopofhisvoicesoastobeheard.IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchthefirstbus.PartA ExercisesTheysetoutearlysothattheymightarriveintime.Heshoutedatthetopofhisvoiceinorderthathemightbeheard.第53页/共127页Task7TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,paying

attentiontothehighlightedparts.1.他对蛇的惧怕源自他孩童时的一

次意外事故。（tracebackto）2.遇到生词时，你可以求助于词典。

（turnto）3.老师鼓励大家参与讨论。（contributeto）4.孩子们常常把火鸡和感恩节联系

在一起。（associate...with）5.缺乏运动让人健康不佳。

（alackof）1.Hisfearofsnakescanbe

tracedbacktoanaccidentin

hischildhood.2.Whenyoumeetnewwords,

youmayturntothe

dictionaryforhelp.3.Theteacherencouraged

everyonetocontributetothe

discussion.4.Childrenoftenassociate

turkeywithThanksgiving.5.Alackofexerciseresultsin

poorhealth.PartA Exercises第54页/共127页Task1Task2PartBLeadin第55页/共127页

ThoughChinahasitsownstrongculture,Westernfood(1)_______animportantroleinthemodernshapingofcitiesacrossthecountry.TodayyouwillfindanumberoffastfoodchainsinChinathat(2)_____________justasmuchsuccessastheirWesterncounterparts.Many(3)___________restaurantsacrossChinahavebeenpushedoutbyAmericanfastfoodchains.KentuckyFriedChicken,PizzaHutandMcDonald’sarejustafew(4)_______thatarepopularinChina.Theserestaurantsadapttolocalcuisine,butusethesametypeof(5)_______andrestaurantstyle.Task1Listentotherecording,andcompletethefollowing

passage.playsPartBLeadinexperiencefamily-runchainsmenu第56页/共127页Task1Listentotherecording,andcompletethefollowing

passage.AvarietyofChinesefastfoodrestaurantsarealso(6)________,includingChowKing,Mr.Lee’sandKungfu.Allofthesefastfoodrestaurantsservelocal,ethnicfoodin90secondsorless,justlikeWestern(7)__________restaurants.WesternfastfoodchainsarepopularinChinabecausetheyare(8)____________andallowavarietyofworkingclasspeopletoeatamealout.Theserestaurants(9)_________aquickmeal,allowingmorecustomerstofilterthroughthroughouttheday.This(10)__________inhigherprofits,andeventuallytheconstructionofmorerestaurants.popularPartBLeadinfastfoodinexpensiveprovideresults第57页/共127页Task2Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartner

aboutfoodcultures.

1. WhatdoyouknowaboutWesternfoodculture?2. Whichdoyouprefer,ChinesefoodorWesternfood?Why?Cues:paymuchattentiontonutrition,preparationof

Westernfood,lesstime-consumingCues:Chinesefood,moredelicious,Westernfood,more

nutritiousPartBLeadin第58页/共127页Task2Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartner

aboutfoodcultures.

1. WhatdoyouknowaboutWesternfoodculture?2. Whichdoyouprefer,ChinesefoodorWesternfood?Why?a.Westernfoodculturepaysmuchattentiontonutrition.PartBLeadinb.PreparationofWesternfoodislesstime-consumingand

mostchefsaremorecomfortableinmakingthem.a.IpreferChinesefoodbecausetheyaremoredelicious.b.IpreferWesternfoodbecausetheyaremorenutritious.第59页/共127页PartBTextTheEasternandWesternCookingCultures

WesterncookingbyfarisconsideredeasierthanEasterncooking.OneofthepossiblereasonsisthatinWesterncookingtheingredientsusedareavailableinternationallyandisgenerallyusedacrosscontinentsandthereforeaccesstoingredientsiseasier.第60页/共127页PartBTextEvenintermsofcookingitself,Westerncookingisfareasierastheelectricalappliancesareeasytofindandusewithonlyapushofabutton.Ofcoursecertainamountofcarehastobetakenintheuseofanyappliance,butingeneral,useofelectricalapplianceshasbecomeawayoflifeinthewesternworldratherthananexception,duetothesimplenatureofusingtheappliances.第61页/共127页PartBTextInwesterncookingculture,thevegetablesareusuallyavailableworldwide.Preparationsofsuchvegetablesarecommontochefsinmostpartsoftheworld.Westerndishescanbepreparedinanypartoftheworldtothesamestandardsaswhereitoriginatedfrom.第62页/共127页PartBTextEasterncookingcultureiscomplexforseveralreasons.Oneofthereasonsissomeoftheingredientsarenotavailableeasily.However,becauseofallthedifferentingredients,theEasternfoodisconsideredexotic.Thevariedweatherconditionshavecontributedtothearomaticingredients.Furthermore,intheEastthefoodissodiversethatnotonlyarethereregionalandcountrydifferences,butalsodifferenceswithinthecountryitself.…第63页/共127页PartBText…IndiaisaverygoodexamplewherethefoodintheSouthisverydifferenttothefoodintheNorth.IntheNorththemaindietiswheatbasedandintheSouthitisricebased.Inmostcaseshere,foodisamarkerofsocialandreligiousidentity.Forinstance,somepeopleembrace

vegetarianism.AndduetoHinduphilosophyandBuddhism,thispracticehasgainedmorepopularity.第64页/共127页PartBTextPreparationofEasternfoodisalsomoretime-consuming.Takethemasalaforexample.Itismadebygrindingdifferentspicestogetherandmakingamixedpowder.Intheurbanareaspeoplewillusegrinderstomakethismix.Butintheruralareaswherepeoplearenoteconomicallystabletheyhavetogrinditmanually,whichcostsalotoftime.第65页/共127页PartBTextAsaresultofallabove,mostchefsarecomfortableinmakingWesternfood.ButwhenitcomestoEasternfood,theyareskepticalaboutproducingthesamequalityofthedishes.(390words)第66页/共127页东西方饮食文化

迄今为止，人们普遍认为西方烹饪比东方烹饪更容易。可能的原因之一是在世界各地均可买到西方烹饪所需的原料，它们在各大洲被广泛使用，因此更容易采购。PartB Text Translation第67页/共127页甚至就烹饪本身而言，西方烹饪也要简单得多，因为家用电器在西方很普及，使用起来方便快捷，轻轻一按按钮就可以了。当然，使用电器也有一些注意事项。但由于操作起来简单方便，使用电器已经成为西方人普遍的生活方式。PartB Text Translation第68页/共127页西式烹饪所需的蔬菜通常在世界各地都能买到。世界很多地方的厨师都会烹制这些蔬菜。因此世界各地制作的西式菜肴都能达到与其发源地同样的水准。PartB Text Translation第69页/共127页东方烹饪文化更为复杂，其原因较多。首先，它们的某些原料通常不易获得。由于烹制东方美食的原料品种很多，人们因此认为东方食物具有异国情调。不同的气候条件为获取各种香料提供了便利。此外，东方食物如此多样化，以至于不仅不同国家与地区之间的食物不同，就连同一国家内部的食物也大相径庭。……PartB Text Translation第70页/共127页……印度就是个很好的例子，其南部与北部的食物截然不同。印度北部的主食以小麦为主，而南部则以大米为主。在印度，很多时候食物还是社会与宗教身份的标志。例如，有些印度人信奉素食主义。由于印度教以及佛教的传播，越来越多的印度人开始吃素。PartB Text Translation第71页/共127页烹制东方食物所需的时间也更多。以马撒拉粉为例，它是由各种香料研磨混合而成的。在城市，人们用研磨机来制作这种粉末，而在经济不发达的农村地区，人们则不得不依靠手工研磨，而这耗费很长时间。PartB Text Translation第72页/共127页由于上述原因，大部分厨师在烹调西方美食时感觉轻松，而烹调东方美食时则会怀疑自己所制作的食物是否能达到同样标准。PartB Text Translation第73页/共127页appliancen.durablegoodsforhomeorofficeusee.g.Isthisthevideoandaudioappliancecounter?这里是