2019年高三-高考真题英语

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2019年高考真题英语（江苏卷）

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简答题（综合题）本大题共65分。简答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步

骤。

1

21.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）

第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项,

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheor

shewants.

A.howeverB.

whateverC.

whicheverD.whenever

答案是B。

21.Wehaveenteredintoanagedreamshavethebest

chanceofcomingtrue.

D.whichA.

whatC.when

D.that

22.Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembersten

performancesinthelastthreemonths.

A.givesBhas

givenC.have

givenD.give

23.Thedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatients

theyneedmedicalassistance.

A.ifonlyB.as

ifC.even

thoughD.incase

24.Morewindpowerstationswilltomeetthedemandfor

cleanenergy.

A.takeupB.clear

upC.hold

upD.springup

25.Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidenceplasticis

findingitswayintothehumanbody.

A.whatB.

thatC.which

D.where

26.Nowadaysthefortravellingisshiftedfromshopping

tofoodandscenery.

A.

priorityB.potential

CproportionD.pension

27.Favorablepoliciesaretoencourageemployees，

professionaldevelopment.

A.ineffectB.in

commandC.in

turnD.inshape

28.Unliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeople

optionstoexercise.

A.casualB.

regularC.flexible

D.tight

29.AfewmonthsafterhehadarrivedinChina,Mr.Smith

inlovewiththepeopleandculturethere.

A.wouldfallB.had

fallenC.has

fallenD.fell

30.theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manysenior

citizensstartedtousesmartphones.

A.To

enjoyB.Enjoying

C.TohaveenjoyedD.Enjoy

31.Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orweagood

timetogether.

A.hadB.

willhaveC.wouldhave

hadD.hadhad

32.China/simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries

itsroleininternationalaffairs.

A.recognizingB.

beingrecognizedC.tobe

recognizedD.recognized

33.Theyaretryingtomakesurethat5Gterminalsby2022

fortheBeijingWinerOlympics.

A.willinstallB.will

havebeeninstalledC.areinstalledD.

havebeeninstalled

34.Acityistheproductofthehumanhandandmind,man's

intelligenceandcreativity.

A.resemblingB.reflecting

C.

reviewingD.restoring

35.一Lei'stakeacoffeebreak.

We'vebeenworkingforhours.

A.Whybother?B.What

for?C.Yougotme

there.D.Yousaidit.

分值：15分查看题目解析＞

1

36.第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳

选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Wildlifehasbeengreatlythreatenedinthemodemage.Thereare

species（物种）thatare36everyday.Thewhite-napedcraneis

atypicalexample.Soscientistsaretryingtheirbest

to37thespeciesfromgoingoutofexistence.

ChrisandTimworkatazoo,helpingendangeredcraneswith

their38.Emma,afemalecrane,hasbeenin

their39sinceshearrivedin2004.

Bornataninternationalcranefoundation,Emmawas40byhuman

caretakers.Thisledtoanunexpected41,thoughshehada

wonderfultimethere.Emmahad42takenherselfasacrane

andbecomedeeplyattachedtohumans.She43tolivewithmale

cranes,andevenhada44forkillingsomeofthem,which

madeit45forhertobecomeamother.

46,thetwozookeepersdidn'twanttoseetheextinction（灭

绝）ofthispreciousspecies.Withtheirpatienceandefforts,they

successfullydevelopeda47ofartificialbreeding（人工繁

殖）andnaturalreproduction.This48Emmatogivebirthto

fivebabycranes.

Thetwokeepersareproudoftheirproductivework.Butbeforethey

canbe49,moreeffortsmustbemade,becausethepopulationof

thecraneinthewildisonthe50,andmanyotherspecies

appearheadedtowardextinction.51,noteveryonehasrealized

thatwildlifehasthoughts,feelings,andmostimportantly,equal

rightstosurvive.

Howcanwe52theever-wideninggapthatseparatesus

fromotheranimals?ChrisandTimofferedusthe53:human

beingstookitforgrantedthattheir54heldallthe

solutions,butmaybetheirheartscanbeabetter55.

36.A.growingB.

migratingC.

competingD.disappearing

37.A.banB.

saveC.split

D.remove

38.A.abortionB.

recreationC.

reproductionD.administration

40.A.foundB.

chosenC.raised

D.seized

41.A.bonusB.

consequenceC.victory

D.sacrifice

42.A.neverB.

alwaysC.

unluckilyD.cheerfully

43.A.likedB.

refusedC.decided

D.hesitated

44.A.giftB.

skillC.concern

D.reputation

45.A.illegalB.

inspiringC.important

D.impossible

46.A.ThereforeB.

MoreoverC.

HoweverD.Instead

47.A.combinationB.

collectionC.

strategyD.system

48.A.forcedB.

forbadeC.

taughtD.

enabled

49.A.defeatedB.

gratefulC.assured

D.tolerant

50.A.itB.

riseC.agenda

D.

decline

51.A.IncontrastB.After

allC.Bythe

wayD.Onthecontrary

52.A.leaveB.

bridgeC.

openD.

identify

53.A.courseB.

excuseC.answer

D.reward

54.A.brainsB.

behaviorsC.

servicesD.

projects

55.A.guideB.

treatC.

exampleD.companion

分值：20分查看题目解析＞

1

第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最

佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

s

56.Ifyouwanttotakeanundergounldjourney,whichplaceisthe

bestchoice?

APole，sCaven.

BPavilionGardens.

CBuxtonMuseum.

DGreenManGallery.

57.BuxtonOpenHouse&PavilionArtsCentreisspecialbecauseit

offers.

Aridesinsmalltrains

Bcoursesinmodemarts

Cartisticandculturalactivities

Dbasiccoursesinhorseriding

分值：4分查看题目解析》

1

B

Inthe1960s,whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstone

NationalPark,BobChristiansenbecamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat,

oddly,hadnottroubledanyonebefore：hecouldn'tfindthepark5s

volcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewas

volcanicinnature—that，swhataccountedforallitshotsprings

andothersteamyfeatures.ButChristiansencouldn，tfindthe

Yellowstonevolcanoanywhere.

Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,thinkoftheclassiccone

（圆锥体）shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwhen

eruptingmagma（岩浆）pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In

1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmall

partofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofacone

fivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmost

fourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.

AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,

allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecond

lesknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn，tinvolvemountainbuilding.

Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebig

crack,leavingbehindavasthole,thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviously

wasofthissecondtype,butChristiansencouldn，tfindthecaldera

anywhere.

JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecameras

bytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedon

someofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthat

theymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors，centers.As

soonasChristiansensawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedto

spotthecaldera;almostthewholepark-2.2millionacres-was

caldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross一

muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.Atsometime

inthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyond

thescaleofanythingknowntohumans.

58.WhatpuzzledChristiansenwhenhewasstudyingYellowstone?

Altscomplicatedgeographicalfeatures.

Bitsever-lastinginfluenceontourism.

CThemysterioushistoryofthepark.

DTheexactlocationofthevolcano.

59.Whatdoesthesecond-paragraphmainlytalkabout?

ATheshapesofvolcanoes.

BTheimpactsofvolcanoes.

CTheactivitiesofvolcanoes.

DTheheightsofvolcanoes.

60.Whatdoestheunderlinedword〃blow-up〃inthelastparagraph

mostprobablymean?

AHot-airballoon.

BDigitalcamera.

CBigphotograph.

DBird，sview.

分值：6分查看题目解析》

1

C

WhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmore

importantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?Whydoesitmatter

thatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?

Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterof

people'sopinions.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultin

misguideduseofscarceresources.

ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)

revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountries

wronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"thatthey

shouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety”

hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造业)

withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.

Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeoplein

richcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryabout

the“digitaldivide"betweentherichcountriesandthepoor

countries.Thishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneyto

developingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternet

facilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthe

developingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthose

lessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricity

networksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhave

improvedpeople'slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptop

computerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnot

sayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmany

donatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefully

assessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternative

usesoftheirmoney.

Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopleto

believethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunications

andtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina

''borderlessworld”.Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,many

peoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappeningtoday

istheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhich

willbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld,

manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessary

regulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,with

poorresults.

Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectly

designingeconomicpolicies,bothatthenationalandthe

internationallevels,andformakingtherightcareerchoicesatthe

individuallevel.However,ourfascinationwiththelatest,andour

undervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,led

usinallsortsofwrongdirections.

61.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto

Aalackofconfidenceintechnology

Baslowprogressintechnology

Caconflictofpublicopinions

Dawasteoflimitedresources

62.TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould

Atakepeople，sessentialneedsintoaccount

Bmaketheirprogrammesattractivetopeople

Censurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupport

Dprovidemoreaffordableinternetfacilities

63.Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?

ANeglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.

BBelievingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.

CIgnoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.

DOver-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.

64.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

APeopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.

BTraditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.

CMakingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.

DEconomicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.

分值：8分查看题口解析＞

1

D

The65-year-oldSteveGoodwinwasfoundsufferingfromearly

Alzheimer's（阿尔楚海默症）,Hewaslosinghismemory.

Asoftwareengineerbyprofession,Stevewasakeenloverofthe

piano,andtheonlymusicianinhisfamily.Musicwashistrue

passion,thoughhehadneverperformedoutsidethefamily.

Melissa,hisdaughter,feltitmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic,

towhichshefellasleepcatchnightwhenshewasyoung.Shethought

abouthiringaprofessionalpianisttoworkwithherfather.

Naomi,Melissa'sbestfriendandatalentedpianist,gottoknow

aboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp.

“Whydothis?”Stevewondered.

“Becauseshecares.Melissasaid.

Stevenodded,tearsineye.

NaomidrovetotheGoodwinhome.ShetoldSteveshe'dlovetohear

himplay.Stevemovedtothepianoandsatatthebench,hands

tremblingashegentlyplacedhisfingersonthekeys.

Naomiputasmallrecordernearthepiano,Startsandstopsand

mistakes.Longpauses,heartsinking.ButStevepressedon,playing

forthefirsttimeinhislifeforastranger.

“Itwasbeautiful.Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording.

“Themusicwasworthsaving.”

Herresponsibility,herprivilege,wouldbetorescueit.Themusic

wassillinSteveGoodwin.Itwasbiddeninroomswithdoorsaboutto

belocked.

NaomiandStevemeteveryotherweekandspenthourstogether.He'd

movehisfingersclumsilyonthepiano,andthenshe'dtakehis

place.Hestruggledtoexplainwhatheheardinhishead.Hestoodby

thepiano,eyesclosed,listeningforthefirsttimetohisownwork

beingplayedbysomeoneelse.

SteveandNaomispokeinmusicalcodelines,beats,intervals,moving

fromtheroottoendasonginanewkey.Steveheardit.Allofit.

Hejustcouldn,tplayit.

WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.Ithadexcitedwithinhim

thebeliefhecouldwriteonelastsong.Oneday,Naomireceivedan

email.Attachedwasarecording,arecordingoflossandlove,ofthe

fight.StevecalledituMelancholyFlower”.

Naomiheardmultiplestopsandstarts,Stevestruggling,searching

whilehiswifeJonicalledhim“honey“andencouragedhim.Thetask

wassohard,andSteve,angryandupset,saidhewasquitting.Joni

praisedhim,tellingherhusbandthiscouldbehissignaturepiece.

Naomimanagedtofigureout16ofSteve'sfavorite,andmost

personalsongs.WithNaomi'shelp,theGoodwinfamilyfoundasound

engineertorecordNaomiplayingSteve'ssongs.Jonithoughtthat

wouldbetheend.Butitwasn't.

Inthemonthsleadinguptothe2016OregonRepertorySingers

Christmasconcert,Naomitoldthedirectorshehadaspecialonein

mind:"MelancholyFlowerv

ShetoldthedirectoraboutherprojectwithSteve.Thedirector

agreedtoaddittotheplayinglist.ButNaomiwouldhavetoask

Steve?spermission.Heconsidereditanhonor.

Aftertheconcert,NaomitoldthefamilythatSteveJsmusicwas

beautifulandprofessional.Itneededtobesharedinpublic.

ThefamilyrentedaformerchurchindowntownPortlandandscheduled

aconcert.Bythedayoftheshow,morethan300peoplehadsaidthey

wouldattend.

Bythen,Stevewashavingahardtimerememberingthenamesofsome

ofhisfriends.Heknewthepathhislifewasnowtaking.Hetoldhis

familyhewasatpeace.

Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surroundedbyhisfamily.The

houselightsfaded.Naomitookthestage.Herfingers.Hisheart.

65.WhydidMelissawanttosaveherfather'smusic?

AHismusiccouldstophisdiseasefromworsening.

BShewantedtopleaseherdyingoldfather.

CHismusicdeservedtobepreservedinthefamily.

DShewantedtomakeherfatheraprofessional.

66.AfterhearingSteve'splaying,Naomi.

Arefusedtomakeacommentonit

Bwasdeeplyimpressedbyhismusic

CdecidedtofreeStevefromsuffering

Dregrettedofferinghelptoherfriend

67.HowcantheprocessofSteve,srecordingbedescribed?

Altwasslowbutproductive.

Bitwasbeneficialtohishealth.

CItwastiresomeforNaomi.

DItwasvitalforNaomi'scareer.

68.BeforeStevefinished^MelancholyFlower,z，hiswifeJoni

AthoughtthemusictalentofStevewasexhausted

Bdidn,texpectthedamagethediseasebroughtabout

Cdidn'tfullyrealizethevalueofherhusband'smusic

Dbroughtherhusband?smusiccareertoperfection

69.HowdidStevefeelattheconcertheldindowntownPortland?

AHefeltconcernedabouthisillness.

BHesensedaresponsibilityformusic.

CHeregainedhisfaithinmusic.

DHegotintoastateofquiet.

70.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?

ATheKindnessofFriends

BThePowerofMusic

CTheMakingofaMusician

DTheValueofDetermination

分值：12分查看题目解析》

填空题本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分。把答案填写在题中横线上。

1

71.第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰

当的单词。

注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

TheCostofThinking

Despitetheirmanydifferences,allhumanbeingsshareseveral

definingcharacteristics,suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalk

uprightontwolegs.

Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshave

extraordinarilylargebrainscomparedwithotheranimals.Itseems

obviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.Mammals（哺乳

动物）weighingsixtykilogramshaveanaveragebrainsizeof200cm2.

Modernmanhasabrainaveragingl200-1400cm2.Wearesofondofour

highintelligencethatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,

moremustbebetter.Unfortunately,thatisnotthecase.

Thefactisthatahugebrainisahugedrain一consumptionofenergy一

onthebody.Tsnoteasytocarryaround,especiallywhenboxed

insideamassiveskull（倾骨）.It'sevenhardertoprovidesenergy.

Inmodernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2-3%oftotalbody

weightbutitconsumes25%ofthebody，senergywhenthebodyisat

rest.Bycomparison,thebrainsofapes（类人猿）requireonly8%of

rest-timeenergy.Earlyhumanspadfortheirlargebrainsintwoways.

Firstly,theyspentmoretimeinsearchfood.Secondly,theirmuscles

grewsmallerandweaker.It，shardlyanobviousconclusionthatthis

isagoodwaytosurvive.Achimpanzee（黑猩猩）can'twinanargument

withamodernman,butitcantearthemanapartlikearagdoll.

Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standing

up,it，seasiertofindfoodorenemies.Inaddition,theirarmsthat

areunnecessaryformovin