2022-2023学年四川省成都市新都区高三毕业班上学期摸底测试英语试题

新都区2023届高三毕业班摸底测试英语试题第Ⅰ卷（100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5个小题：每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthehotel.B.Atthecustoms.C.Atthecinema.2.Howmuchmoneywillthemangetback?A.$4.B.$6.C.$10.3.Howdoesthewomanfeelfinally?A.Defeated.B.Depressed.C.Encouraged.4.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Shipmodels.B.Somechips.C.Pigdolls.5.Whatmadethewomanwaitsolongforherclothes?AHernotbeinginformedintime.B.Thewrongdeliveryofherpackage.C.Thebreaking—downofthecompany.第二节（共15小题：每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或对白，每段对话或对白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6断材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howlongwillthespeakerswaitfor?A.45minutes.B.55minutes.C.60minutes.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Waitinline.B.Dosomeshopping.C.Findanotherrestaurant.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whoisthecakemadefor?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Theman’sdaughter.9.Whatwilltheydofirstaccordingtotherecipe?A.Mixtheflour.B.Heattheoven.C.Brushthepan.10.Whatwillthemanfinallydo?A.Cutoutapieceofcake.B.Putsomefruitonthecake.C.Writeamessageonthecake.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题11.WhywasMike’sbrothercrying?A.Mikedidn’tplaywithhisbrother.B.Mikedidn’tgivehisbrother’sthingsback.C.Mikedidn’tlethisbrotherplaywithhistoys.12.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofMike’sbehavior?A.Unfriendly.B.Unusual.C.Unselfish.13.WhatdoesthewomanadviseMiketodo?A.Tosharethings.B.Tobemorecareful.C.Tomakeanapology.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Brotherandsister.C.Motherandson.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthismannedflightmission?A.Itisthehardesttooperate.B.Ittravelsatthefastestspeed.C.Ithasthelongeststayingtime.16.WhatdoTaikonautsdotopassthetime?A.Playtennis.B.Playinstruments.C.Playcards.17.Whatdoesthewoman’sfinalwordsmean?A.Womenareasexcellentasmen.B.Womenundertakemorethanmendo.C.Womenarelesssuitableinthismission.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题18.Whichpetmayanoutgoingpersonprefer?A.Adog.B.Acat.C.Abird.19.Whatmayacatownerbelike?A.Sociable.B.Careful.C.Clever.20.Whatdoesthespeechmainlytalkabout?A.Moreoutgoingdogpeople.B.Lesssociablecatpeople.C.Petpeople’spersonalities.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A4oftheWorld’sMostAmazingTrainJourneysTheBeijingtoLhasaExpress,ChinaStart:BeijingEnd:LhasaDistance:2,330milesDuration（时长）:40hoursConnectingBeijingwithLhasa,theZ21traintransportsitspassengersfromamoderncitytoamysteriousland.What’sunusualisthatthetrainclimbsnearly16,400itonitsjourneytotheroofoftheworld:theTibetanplateau,whereitpassesyaks,flyingprayerflagsandsnow—coveredmountains.TheReunificationExpress,VietnamStart:HanoiEnd:HoChiMinhCityDistance:1,072milesDuration:twodaysSomerailwaysrunthroughhistoriccities,othersrunbesidebeautifulcoastlineandafewarefamousforthecolorfulcharactersonboard.TheReunificationExpressmeetsalltheseconditions.IttravelsoverathousandmilesfromHanoiinthenorthtoHoChiMinhCityinthesouth.There’snobetterwayofexploringallthegloriesinbetween.TheCaliforniaZephyrStart:ChicagoEnd:SanFranciscoDistance:2,438milesDuration:52hrs40minsAsforappreciatingthebreathtakingsceneryoftheNorthAmericancontinent,nothingcompareswithAmtrak’sCaliforniaZephyrtrain.Thisjourneytravelsnearly2,500milesacrossprairies,deserts,theRockyMountainsandtheSierraNevadaonitsway.LondontoFortWilliamontheCaledonianSleeper,UKStart:LondonEnd:FortDistance:509milesDuration:13hrs30minsStartingfromcrowdedcentralLondontothedryandcoldairandbeautifulviewsoftheScottishHighlandsthroughoneovernighttrainjourneyisaperfectexampleofexperiencingtheromance（浪漫）ofrailtravel.It’sjustapitythatthewholeexperience—fromdeliciousfoodsanddrinkstobeingtakenintola-laland—feelslikeit’soververyquickly.1.WhatmakesTheBeijingtoLhasaExpressspecial?A.Itlaststhelongesttime. B.Itcoversthelongestdistance.C.Itpassesthroughnationalborders. D.Itrunsonthehighestraillineintheworld.2.Ifyouwanttoappreciatedesertscenery,whichtrainjourneyshouldyouchoose?A.TheBeijingtoLhasaExpress.B.TheReunificationExpress.C.TheCaliforniaZephyr.D.LondontoFort3.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutLondontoFortA.It’softencrowded. B.It’sarelativelyshortjourney.C.Ittravelsattheslowestspeed. D.Itoffersfreemealstopassengers.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四条世界上最令人惊叹的火车旅行路线。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheBeijingtoLhasaExpress,China部分中的“What’sunusualisthatthetrainclimbsnearly16,400ftonitsjourneytotheroofoftheworld:theTibetanplateau,whereitpassesyaks,flyingprayerflagsandsnow—coveredmountains.(不同寻常的是，火车在通往世界屋脊——青藏高原的旅途中爬了近16400英尺，途中会经过牦牛、飘动的经幡和白雪皑皑的山峰。)”可知，这列火车在世界上最高的铁路线上驶过。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheCaliforniaZephyr,USA部分中的“AsforappreciatingthebreathtakingsceneryoftheNorthAmericancontinent,nothingcompareswithAmtrak'sCaliforniaZephyrtrain.Thisjourneytravelsnearly2,500milesacrossprairies,deserts,theRockyMountainsandtheSierraNevadaonitsway.(至于欣赏北美大陆的壮丽景色，没有什么能与美国铁路公司的加州西风列车相比。这段旅程行程近2500英里，穿越草原、沙漠、落基山脉和内华达山脉。)”可知，如果想看沙漠景观，应该选择TheCaliforniaZephyr。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据TheBeijingtoLhasaExpress,China部分中“Duration（时长）:40hours”可知，该旅行线路时长40小时；根据TheReunificationExpress,Vietnam部分中“Duration:twodays”可知，该旅行线路时长为两天；根据TheCaliforniaZephyr,USA部分中“Duration:52hrs40mins”可知，该旅行路线时长为52小时40分；根据LondontoFortWilliamontheCaledonianSleeper,UK部分中的“Duration:13hrs30mins(时长：13小时30分钟)”和“It’sjustapitythatthewholeexperience—fromdeliciousfoodsanddrinkstobeingtakenintola-laland—feelslikeit’soververyquickly.(只是遗憾的是，从美味的食物和饮料到被带到梦幻国度，整个体验感觉就像很快结束了一样。)”可知，通过比较，这趟列车全程时长较短。故选B。BTheoutbreakofthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia(NCP)hasdisruptedthelivesandworkofnearlyeveryChineseperson.However,anewtrendhasbeenontherise:manyhaveturnedthemselvesintolivestreamingusersorfollowers.AccordingtoQuestmobile,aprofessionalbigdataintelligenceservicesproviderinChina,theaudienceforDouyin,Kuaishouandotherlivestreamingplatformssurgedto574millionduringtheSpringFestivalholiday,up35percentfrom2019.Confinedathome,awayfromtheirfriendsandlovedones,peopleturntolivestreamingtoreachouttotheworld.Forthemlivestreamingcanhelpthemsharetheirlivesandinterestwithaglobalaudience,whichwillgivethemthesenseofbeing“inthemoment”.Evenasviewers,theycanalsoengageimmediatelywithlivestreamersbycommentingandmakingsuggestions.“WhenIcommentonthelivestreamingvideos,I’mnotsimplyanaudiencemember,butalsoanactivepartoftheprogram.Thatgivesmeasenseofengagement,”anInternetusernamedWangHaotoldPeople’sDaily.Livestreamingisnotonlyforfun,butalsoanewtoolformanybusinesses.Affectedbythepandemic,manybusinesseshadtostoptheirsalesinphysicalstores.Tomeettheirbusinessgoalsandsurviveduringthesetryingtimes,manychosetolivestreamtorevivetheirbusinesses.Joyoung,aleadingmakerofsmallkitchenappliances,isagoodexample.Thecompanynotonlyaddedanumberofbroadcastseachdaytoadvertisetheirproducts,butalsosharedthemenusthatwerebeneficialtohealth.“Theresponsestoourlivestreamingshowshavebeenwellbeyondexpectations,”KangLi,whooverseesthecompany’slivestreamingunit,toldChinadaily.“It’sanaturalopportunitytotrulybondwithourfollowers.”Likeitornot,livestreamingislikelytogomainstreaminChinaforbothentertainmentandbusiness.4.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthesecondparagraph?A.TointroducesomepopularlivestreamingplatformsinChina.B.Toreportdataonthedevelopmentoflivestreamingin2019.C.ToshowthatChinesepeoplespendtoomuchtimeonlivestreamingapps.D.ToprovethatlivestreamingarebecomingincreasinglypopularinChina.5.WhatdoesWangHaothinkofcommentingonlivestreaming?A.Itisboringtomakecomments.B.Itistheonlywaytoshareviewers’lives.C.Itmakespeoplefeelinvolvedinthestream.D.Ithelpslivestreamersimprovethemselves.6.Whatdoparagraphs5&6mainlytalkabout?A.Livestreamingreplacedphysicalstoresinmanyareas.B.Manybusinessesturnedtolivestreamingplatformformarketing.C.Livestreamingplatformsfacedchallengesduringthepandemic.D.Livestreamingplatformsmadechangestotheirservices.7.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefutureoflivestreaming？A.Positive. B.Uncertain.C.Disappointed. D.Confused.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个新的趋势正在上升:许多人已经转变成了直播用户或追随者。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“However,anewtrendhasbeenontherise:manyhaveturnedthemselvesintolivestreamingusersorfollowers.”（然而，一个新的趋势正在上升:许多人已经转变成了直播用户或追随者。）第二段“AccordingtoQuestmobile,aprofessional...up35percentfrom2019.”（据中国专业的大数据情报服务提供商Questmobile统计，春节期间，抖音、快手和其他直播平台的观众人数飙升至亿，比2019年增长了35%。）可推知，第二段的内容是通过数据说明直播用户或追随者的数量正在增加，选项D.“ToprovethatlivestreamingarebecomingincreasinglypopularinChina.”（证明直播在中国越来越流行。）与文意相符，故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“WhenIcommentonthelivestreamingvideos,I’mnotsimplyanaudiencemember,butalsoanactivepartoftheprogram.Thatgivesmeasenseofengagement,”anInternetusernamedWangHaotoldPeople’sDaily.”（“当我评论直播视频的时候，我不仅仅是一个观众，也是这个节目的积极分子。这让我有一种参与感，”一位名叫王浩的网友告诉《人民日报》。）可推知，在王浩看来，直播时候自己进行评论，让自己有一种参与感。选项C.“Itmakespeoplefeelinvolvedinthestream.”（它让人感觉自己置身于直播之中。）与文意相符，故选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“Livestreamingisnotonlyforfun,butalsoanewtoolformanybusinesses.Affectedbythepandemic,manybusinesseshadtostoptheirsalesinphysicalstores.Tomeettheirbusinessgoalsandsurviveduringthesetryingtimes,manychosetolivestreamtorevivetheirbusinesses.”（直播不仅仅是为了好玩，也是许多企业的一个新工具。受到流行病的影响，许多企业不得不停止实体店的销售。为了实现他们的商业目标，并在这些艰难的时刻生存下来，许多人选择直播来恢复他们的生意。）主要讲述了直播正在成为一些企业的用于满足市场需要的平台。第六段第一句“Joyoung,aleadingmakerofsmallkitchenappliances,isagoodexample.”（小型厨房用具的领先制造商——九阳，就是一个很好的例子。）通过举例说明，直播正成为企业销售产品的平台。因而第五、六段的主要内容为直播正在成为一些企业的用于满足市场需要的平台。选项B与文意相符，故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Likeitornot,livestreamingislikelytogomainstreaminChinaforbothentertainmentandbusiness.”（不管你喜不喜欢，直播很可能成为中国娱乐和商业的主流。）可推知，作者对直播的未来是赞同的，是肯定的。选项A与文意相符，故选A。CAsachildren’sauthor,Idon’tjustwritebooks.Ibuildbridges.Icarefullyconstructeachofmystoriestoconnectreaderstothestoryitself,tothecharactersinthestory,andtootherreaders.Mygoalistobuildkids’social-emotionallearningskillstohelpimprovehealthyrelationshipsandpreventpeercruelty.AndsinceOctoberisNationalBullyingPreventionMonth,thisistheperfecttimetosharewithyou,dearbooklovers,howliteraturecanbeusedasaneffectivetooltoaddresshurtfulbehaviors.WhatI’mdescribinghereisnothingnew.Foryears,children’sliteraturehasbeenusedbyadvisors,parents,teachers,andlibrarianstoaddresstoughissueskidsfaceintheireverydayworld.Researchersreportthatliterature,withproperadultguidanceandassistanceinasafesocialsetting,canhelpformviewpointandempathy(同情)inyoungreaders.Andlet’sfaceit:themoreempathyandcompassionkidshaveintheirhearts,thelessroomthereisforarroganceandcontempt(蔑视)ofothers.IlovewhatDr.ZiporaSchectman,authorofTreatingChildandAdolescentAggressionThroughBibliotherapy,saidinthebook:“Throughtheimaginativeprocessthatreadinginvolves,childrenhavetheopportunitytodowhattheyoftencannotdoinreallife—becomethoroughlyinvolvedintheinnerlivesofothers,betterunderstandthem,andeventuallybecomemoreawareofthemselves.”Becausethesocialworldoftoday’schildrenisverycomplex,Itrytoincludeinmystoriesthewisdomandinsightsofyoungreaders,sothatmybooksgohandinhandwiththeirlifeexperiencesandviews.Therearealsomanyotherwonderfulbooksthatgeneratethoughtfulconversations(mywebsitelistsmytoppicks-frompre-schooltoyoungadult,bothfictionandnonfiction).Ifyou’relookingforwaystoturnstoriesintoteachablemoments,visitauthors’orpublishers’websitesforready-madelessonplans.Withlessonsinhand,you’rereadytoopentheheartsandmindsofyoungreaderstonewperspectivesandpossibilities!8.Whyisitimportanttoteachkidstohaveempathyandcompassion?A.Theywillhelpkidsaddresstoughissues.B.Theywillmakekidstreatothersequally.C.Theywillmakekidsmoreoptimistictowardlife.D.Theywillmakekidsformrightattitudetolife.9.WhatdoesDr.ZiporaSchectmanmainlytalkaboutinhisbook?A.Theinfluenceofliteratureonchildren.B.Toughissueschildrenfacetoday.C.Theimportanceofimagination.D.Interactionbetweenchildren.10.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorintendsto.A.askustovisithiswebsiteB.makeasummaryofhisviewC.callattentiontohisbooksD.recommendmorebookstous11.What’sthespecificmessagetheauthorwantstoconveyinthetext?A.Social-emotionalleamingskillsareimportanttochildren.B.Childrencan’tgowithoutwonderfulbooks.C.Literaturecanhelptohandleemotionallydamagingmanners.D.Literaturecanhavepowerfulinfluenceonchildren.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。作者从一个文学作者的角度论述了文学在培养儿童优良品格、纠正不良行为等方面所起的作用。【8题详解】细节理解题。从文章第三段最后一句“Andlet’sfaceit:themoreempathyandcompassionkidshaveintheirhearts,thelessroomthereisforarroganceandcontempt(蔑视)ofothers.(让我们面对这个事实：孩子们心中的同理心和同情心越多，傲慢和蔑视他人的空间就越少)”可知，作者认为培养孩子的同情和热情有助于减少他们的傲慢与偏见，让他们能够平等待人。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。从文章第四段中的“Throughtheimaginativeprocessthatreadinginvolves,childrenhavetheopportunitytodowhattheyoftencannotdoinreallife—becomethoroughlyinvolvedintheinnerlivesofothers,betterunderstandthem,andeventuallybecomemoreawareofthemselves.(通过阅读所涉及的想象力过程，孩子们有机会做他们在现实生活中经常做不到的事情——彻底参与他人的内心生活，更好地理解他们，并最终更多地了解自己)”可推断，这位作者在书中谈论的是文学对儿童的巨大影响力。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。分析文章最后一段的“Therearealsomanyotherwonderfulbooksthatgeneratethoughtfulconversations(mywebsitelistsmytoppicks-frompre-schooltoyoungadult,bothfictionandnonfiction).(还有许多其他精彩的书籍，产生深思熟虑的对话，我的网站列出了我的首选——从学前到年轻人，包括小说和非小说)”可推断，作者列出自己的网址，向我们推荐更多好书。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。文章围绕第二段的“AndsinceOctoberisNationalBullyingPreventionMonth,thisistheperfecttimetosharewithyou,dearbooklovers,howliteraturecanbeusedasaneffectivetooltoaddresshurtfulbehaviors.(由于十月是“国家预防欺凌月”，亲爱的图书爱好者们，这是与你们分享文学如何被用作解决伤害性行为的有效工具的最佳时机)”展开的。由此推知，作者想要传达的具体信息是文学可以帮助处理情感上有害的行为。故选C。DOneofthegreatestmysteriesinscienceisjusthowEarthwentfromaplanetwithminimaloxygentothebreathableairwehavenow.Scientistslongfiguredthatcyanobacteria(蓝细菌)wereinvolvedbutcouldn’ttellwhatstartedthegreatoxygen-producingcycle.AnewstudypublishedinMonday’sNatureGeosciencemayprovidethekey.IttheorizesthatEarth’sgraduallylengtheneddayfromsixhourstothecurrent24hourskick-startscyanobacteriaintoproducinglotsofoxygen,makingmostoflifeasweknowitpossible.Herearethetakeawaysofthestudy.About2.4billionyearsago,therewassolittleoxygeninEarth’satmospherethatitcouldbarelybemeasured,sonoanimalorplantcouldlive.Instead,lotsofbacteriabreathedinCO2,andinthecaseofcyanobacteria,producedoxygenintheearliestformofphotosynthesis(光合作用).Atfirstitwasn’tmuch.Butinabout400millionyears,asEarth’srotation(旋转)graduallysloweddownandthedaywaslengthenedfromsixhourstothepresent24hours,thecyanobacteriabreathedmoreandmoreoxygenintoEarth’satmosphereuntilitreachedone-tenththeamountofoxygenwehavenow.Theincreasedoxygenallowedplantstojoinintheoxygen-makingparty.Theauthorsofthestudyputtheirtheorytotestwiththebacteriafoundona24-meter-deepseabedinLakeHuron.Theyexposedthesmellybacteria,whichareverysimilartothecyanobacterialivingaround2.4billionyearsago,tovaryingamountsoflight,andfoundthatthemorecontinuouslightthebacteriagot,themoreoxygentheyproduced.“Whatmakestheideasoconvincingisthatitdoesn’trequireanybigbiologicalchangesinbacteriaortheworld’soceans,”saidTimLyons,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside,whowasn’tpartoftheresearchteam.“ThismaybeasimplebutplausibleexplanationforEarth’soxygenincrease.”12.Whatstartedtheoxygen-producingcycleaccordingtothenewstudy?A.Earth’sfasterrotation. B.Thelengtheneddaytime.C.ThebacteriainLakeHuron. D.TheappearanceofplantsonEarth.13.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheexperiment?A.Toprotectthecyanobacteria. B.Tostudythesimilaritiesofthebacteria.C.Toprovideevidenceforthetheory. D.Toimprovetheoxygenlevelonseabed.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plausible”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Reasonable. B.Sincere. C.Complex. D.Unacceptable.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheRotationofEarthIsSlowingDownB.Cyanobacteria’sRoleHastoBeRe-examinedC.ABreakthroughIsAchievedinOceanProtectionD.Earth’sSlowingRotationIncreasedOxygenProduction【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个最新研究成果：是什么导致了地球大气层中的氧气含量大幅提高。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“IttheorizesthatEarth’sgraduallylengtheneddayfromsixhourstothecurrent24hourskick-startscyanobacteriaintoproducinglotsofoxygen,makingmostoflifeasweknowitpossible.(该理论认为，地球一天的时间逐渐从6小时延长到现在的24小时，蓝藻细菌开始产生大量的氧气，使我们所知道的大部分生命成为可能)”可知，是延长了的日照时间导致了地球大气层中的氧气含量大幅提升。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的“Theauthorsofthestudyputtheirtheorytotestwiththebacteriafoundona24-meter-deepseabedinLakeHuron.(该研究的作者用在休伦湖24米深的海床上发现的细菌来验证他们的理论)”可知，实验目的在于验证他们的理论。故选C。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前文“Whatmakestheideasoconvincingisthatitdoesn’trequireanybigbiologicalchangesinbacteriaortheworld’soceans(这个想法之所以如此令人信服，是因为它不需要在细菌或世界海洋中发生任何重大的生物变化)”推测，plausible与convincing是同义词，即“有说服力的，合理的”。A.Reasonable.合理的；B.Sincere.真诚的；C.Complex.复杂的；D.Unacceptable.不可接受的。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段“Butinabout400millionyears,asEarth’srotation(旋转)graduallysloweddownandthedaywaslengthenedfromsixhourstothepresent24hours,thecyanobacteriabreathedmoreandmoreoxygenintoEarth'satmosphereuntilitreachedone-tenththeamountofoxygenwehavenow.(但在大约4亿年的时间里，随着地球的自转速度逐渐减慢，一天的时间从6小时延长到现在的24小时，蓝藻向地球大气中注入了越来越多的氧气，直到它达到了我们现在所拥有的氧气量的十分之一)”可知，是地球转速变慢导致了地球大气层中的氧气含量大幅增加。故D项“地球缓慢的自转增加了氧气的产生”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。KeepcurrentwithfactsaboutelectriccarsSalesofelectricvehicles(EV)grew40percentlastyearworldwide.Stateside,nearlyathirdofdriverswanttheirnextcartobeelectric.____16____Almost100pure-electricvehiclesaresettocomeintothemarketbytheendof2024.Manymanufacturers,includingGM,Jeep,andVolvo,havepromisedtoofferfullyelectriclineupsbeforethisdecadeisdone.____17____Tesla'supcomingreimaginedRoadsterwillstartat$200,000,whileTesla'scurrentcheapestmodelis$41,000.PlentyofotherEVsareevenmoreaffordable.Chevy,Nissan,andHyundaialloffermodelsforaroundS30,000.WhenassessingthecostofanEV,keepinmindthatsomemodelswillevenqualifyyouforafederaltaxcredit(联邦税收抵免)ofupto$7,500.____18____AtypicalEVownerspendsbetween$6,000and$10,000lessthanaconventionalcarowneronvehiclemaintenance.Onereason:EVsdon’thavetransmissionsorclutches,twoofthecostliestpartstorepair.Thereareabout22,000publicchargingportsnationwide,anumberthatisexpectedtobemorethanthreetimesby2023.ButformostEVowners,chargingathomeisthewaytogo.____19____TheaverageEVgetsabout250milesfromafullcharge,whichisfarlessthanthedistancemostgas-poweredcarscangoonafulltank.ButEVsarecatchingup.Teslacomestheclosest.Itsnewer2021versiongetscloserto500.____20____BMWmakesafast-chargingsystemthataddsabout60milesofdrivetimeinaboutsixminutes.A.They'llhaveoptions.B.Butelectriccarsarenothingnew.C.Thentherearethelong-termsavings.D.Changingtechnologyisalsoimproving.E.SomeEVsarestilleye-wateringlyexpensive.F.Thebatteryisusuallytheentirefloorofthevehicle.G.Ittakeslonger,butyoucandoitovernightwhenelectricityischeapest.【答案】16.A17.E18.C19.G20.D【解析】【分析】文章是一篇说明文，介绍了当今电动汽车的现状，以及未来的发展趋势。【16题详解】根据上文“Stateside,nearlyathirdofdriverswanttheirnextcartobeelectric.”（在美国，有大约三分之一司机的下一辆汽车会选择电动车）和下文“Almost100pure-electricvehiclesaresettocomeintothemarketbytheendof2024.”（到2024年末，有将近100辆纯电动汽车进入市场）可知，选项承接上文，说明消费者面临的选择更多了。They指代的是上文的drivers。故A选项“因此他们会有更多的选择”切题。故选A。【17题详解】根据下文“Tesla'supcomingreimaginedRoadsterwillstartat$200,000,whileTesla'scurrentcheapestmodelis$41,000.”（特斯拉即将推出的新款Roadster起价为20万美元，而特斯拉目前最便宜的车型为万美元）可知，选项承接下文说明现在的电动车价格都很贵。E选项“一些电动汽车仍然昂贵得令人瞠目结舌”，和下文呼应，故选E。【18题详解】根据下文“AtypicalEVownerspendsbetween$6,000and$10,000lessthanaconventionalcarowneronvehiclemaintenance.（一个普通的电动汽车车主在汽车维护上的花费比普通汽车车主少6000到10000美元）可知，将电动车主和传统车主花费的钱对比，凸显电动汽车花费的少。故C选项“而且还能长期的省钱”呼应下文，故选C。【19题详解】根据上文“ButformostEVowners,chargingathomeisthewaytogo.”（对大多数电动车车主来说，在家充电会是一个好办法）可知，选项这里要介绍在家充电的好处，故G选项“这会花更多的时间，但是你可以在电费最便宜的时候充一整晚”切题。故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“TheaverageEVgetsabout250milesfromafullcharge,whichisfarlessthanthedistancemostgas-poweredcarscangoonafulltank.ButEVsarecatchingup.Teslacomestheclosest.Itsnewer2021versiongetscloserto500.”（电动汽车的平均充电里程约为250英里，远低于大多数汽油动力汽车在油箱加满后的行驶里程。但电动汽车正在迎头赶上。特斯拉最接近。新的2021版本接近500英里）可知，选项承接上文说明技术在不断进步。故D选项“充电技术还在不断创新”切题。且呼应下文BMW公司对于充电方面所付出的努力和创新。故选D项。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。EradajereOleitathinksshemayhaveapartialsolutionfortwoofhercountry’spersistent(持续的)problems:garbageandpoverty(贫困).It’scalledtheChipBagProject.The26-year-oldstudentandenvironmentalistfromDetroitisaskinga(n)____21____oflocalsnacklovers:Ratherthan____22____youremptychipbagsintothetrash(垃圾桶),____23____themsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthe____24____.Chipeatersdropofftheir____25____bagsfromDoritos(多力多滋薯片),Lay’s(乐事薯片),andotherfavoritesattwo____26____inDetroit:aprintshopandaclothingstore,whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelperscollectthem.Afterthey____27____thechipbagsinsoapyhotwater,they____28____themopen,laythemflat,andironthemtogether.Theyusesoftmaterialsfromoldcoatstolinetheinsides.It____29____aboutfourhourstosewasleepingbag,andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags,_____30_____whetherthey’resingle-serveorfamilysize.Theresultisasleepingbagthatis“waterproof,lightweight,andeasytocarry_____31_____,”OleitatoldtheDetroitNews.Sinceitsstartin2020,theChipBagProjecthas_____32_____morethan800,000chipbagsand,asoflastDecember,_____33_____110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbesimplerto_____34_____themoneytobuynewsleepingbags.Butthat’sonlyhalfthe_____35_____forOleita—whosefamilymovedtotheUnitedStatesfromNigeriaadecadeagowiththehopeof_____36_____abetterlife—andherfellowvolunteers.“Weare_____37_____ourselvestomakinganimpactnotonlysocially,butenvironmentally,”shesays.And,ofcourse,there’sthesymbolismofrecyclingbagsthatwouldotherwiselandinthe_____38_____andusingthemtohelpthehomeless.It’sapowerfulreminderthatenvironmentalproblemsandpovertyoftengo_____39_____.AsOleitatold:“Ithinkit’stimetoshow_____40_____betweenalloftheseissues.”21.A.advice B.question C.favor D.permission22.A.throw B.track C.leak D.lock23.A.design B.detect C.digest D.donate24.A.homeless B.disabled C.old D.sick25.A.heavy B.empty C.luxury D.full26.A.moments B.decisions C.locations D.conclusions27.A.clean B.load C.soften D.resolve28.A.dig B.slice C.lift D.knock29.A.pays B.takes C.delays D.wastes30.A.resultingin B.figuringout C.contributingto D.dependingon31.A.out B.around C.over D.on32.A.reached B.related C.found D.collected33.A.destroyed B.repaired C.compared D.created34.A.lose B.lend C.raise D.drop35.A.goal B.income C.profit D.way36.A.risking B.recommending C.attaining D.realizing37.A.driving B.devoting C.enjoying D.encouraging38.A.store B.trash C.solution D.family39.A.dayafterday B.stepbystep C.facetoface D.handinhand40.A.generations B.inspirations C.connections D.expectations【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.B26.C27.A28.B29.B30.D31.B32.D33.D34.C35.A36.C37.B38.B39.D40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自底特律的26岁学生兼环保主义者奥利塔通过回收空薯片袋，为无家可归的人制作睡袋，既帮助了贫困人群，又保护了环境。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位来自底特律的26岁学生兼环保主义者请求当地零食爱好者帮个忙：与其把你的空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐赠出来，这样她就可以把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。A.advice建议；B.question问题；C.favor恩惠，善行；D.permission许可。根据文章内容和下文“_____themsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthe_____”可知，她希望零食爱好者能捐赠空薯片袋，以便她能够用这些空薯片袋为无家可归者制作睡袋，由此可知，她希望零食爱好者能帮个忙，“askafavorofsb.”意为“请求某人帮忙”。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位来自底特律的26岁学生兼环保主义者请求当地零食爱好者帮个忙：与其把你的空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐赠出来，这样她就可以把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。A.throw扔；B.track跟踪；C.leak渗漏；D.lock锁。根据下文“_____youremptychipbagsintothetrash”和生活常识可知，我们一般情况下会把空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，“throw…into…”意为“把……扔进……”。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位来自底特律的26岁学生兼环保主义者请求当地零食爱好者帮个忙：与其把你的空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐赠出来，这样她就可以把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。A.design设计；B.detect发现，查明；C.digest消化；D.donate捐赠。根据下文“shecanturnthemintosleepingbags”可知，她想用空薯片袋制作睡袋，由此可知，她希望零食爱好者捐赠空薯片袋。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位来自底特律的26岁学生兼环保主义者请求当地零食爱好者帮个忙：与其把你的空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐赠出来，这样她就可以把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。A.homeless无家可归的；B.disabled有残疾的；C.old老的；D.sick生病的。根据最后一段关键句“…andusingthemtohelpthehomeless”中的“homeless”可知，她想用空薯片袋制作睡袋帮助无家可归的人，“the+形容词”泛指一类人。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把他们的多力多滋薯片、乐事薯片和其他最受欢迎的食品的空袋放到底特律的两个地方：一家印刷店和一家服装店，奥利塔和她的志愿者帮手在那里收集。A.heavy重的；B.empty空的；C.luxury奢华的；D.full满的。根据上文“Ratherthan_____youremptychipb