2022-2023学年福建省泉州市高三（第2次）质量监测英语试卷（含解析）

2022-2023学年福建省泉州市高三（第2次）质量监测英语试卷ASTEMInnovative.Eye-opening.Inspiring.Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathconstantlyreshapethecommunitieswelivein.OurSTEMtourschallengestudentstodevelopimaginativesolutionstoglobalproblemsthroughcriticalthinkingandcreativeexpression.HealthSciencesinGreatBritainPagingthenextgenerationofdoctors,nurses,andhealthprofessionals—thistourthroughEnglandandScotlandisforyou.TracetheinnovationsthatshapedBritain'smodernhealthcarelandscape,andparticipateinhands-onworkshopstodiscoverhowreal-lifemedicalcareersoperate.Robotics,Engineering,andtheFutureofCitiesinJapanHometocountlessorganizationsspecializinginroboticsandengineering,Japanisattheforefrontofinnovationinsustainabilityandhumanmobility.Fromhigh-speedsuperconductingmagnetic(磁悬浮)trainstoASIMOtherobot,seehowthefutureofcitiesiscloserthanyouthinkinJapan.YoucantakeaguidedtourofTokyowithaSTEMexpertbeforevisitingotherJapanesecities.AgricultureinIrelandGetyourhandsdirtyasyouexperiencethefarm-to-tablejourney—animportantpartoflifeinIreland—byvisitingavarietyoflocalfarmsaroundthecountry.Learnaboutorganicandsustainablefarmingpractices,theimpactofclimatechangeontraditionalfoodproduction,andhoweachagriculturalproductrequiresspecializedcare.Reef(礁)RegenerationandConservationinAustraliaAstheworld’slargestlivingorganism,theGreatBarrierReefisthefoundationofAustralia’scoastalecosystems.AndTownsville,whichwillserveasyourbaseofoperationsforthistour,isaworld-famouscenterforscientificreefresearchandconservation.Conductafieldsurveywithkoalasandsnorkel(潜水)alongsidetheReef.1.Whichbestsuitsthoseexpectingacareerinmedicine?A.ThetourinGreatBritain. B.ThetourinJapan.

C.ThetourinIreland. D.ThetourinAustralia.2.WhatdoesthetourinIrelandprovide?A.Healthcareworkshops. B.Robotprogramingclasses.

C.Laborexperienceinthefields. D.Afieldsurveywithsealives.3.Whoisthetextaimedat?A.Artists. B.Adventurers. C.Volunteers. D.Students.BWhenmostpeoplethinkofdrones(无人机),theythinkoftechnologyandfun.Safetosay,fewpeoplewouldthinkaboutfarming.However,agroupofstudentsfromYorkCollegeofPennsylvaniahavebeenbuildingadronethatwillnotonlyhelplocalfarmersbuttheenvironment,aswell.SamanthaGotwaltandBlaydeReich,twoseniorMechanicalEngineeringmajorsatYorkCollegeinthegroup,bothfoundtheworktobequitefascinating.AccordingtoSamantha,theideacamefromaYorkCollegeprofessor,whohasworkedwithdrones,andwantedtogetstudentsinvolvedwithaprojectbeneficialtothecommunity."Wereallywanttohelpfarmingandagriculture.It'ssuper-importanttoAmericaandoureconomy,"

Blaydesays."Wewanttohelpthesmallerfarmers,andoneoftheperksisnothavingtospendtheirmoneyonfertilizerandpesticides(杀虫剂)."Theideaistodesignandbuildadronethatwilltakevideoimageryofthefieldstodeterminewhatisneededtoproducethebestcrop,whilesavingmoneyandsparingtheenvironmentbyreducingpollutantsinthewaterrunoff.Ideally,thatdatagainedwillhelpthefarmersbetterdeterminewhatchemicalstheyneed-andwhattheydon't.However,findingtherightequipmentfortheprojectwasachallenge,startingwithwhatdronetheteamwoulddesignforthisparticularusage.Samanthasayssheresearcheddurabilityandcontrolofdronestohelpmaketheproperdetermination."Weareflyingoverthefieldandwewanttohaveenoughefficiencyandgorelativelyslowenoughthatourpicturesturnoutwell—andflylowenoughthatitisnotusingupallofitspower,"shesays."Thefieldsareacouplehundredacres(英亩),soyouneedyourdronetobeabletoflythelengthofthatfield."Blaydesaystheteamcontinuestolearnagreatdealofinformationthatwillhelpthefarmersandtheenvironment.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"perks"inparagraph2referto?A.Challenges. B.Features. C.Benefits. D.Solutions.5.Whatparticularusageisthedronedesignedfor?A.Spreadingproperquantitiesofpesticides.

B.Helpingtodeterminethechemicalsneeded.

C.Assistingtomonitorthestateofcrops.

D.Measuringtheareasofthefields.6.Whattechnicalissueofthedroneshallbetackled?A.Itscameracapacity. B.Itsdatacollectionability.

C.Itsdurabilityandcontrol. D.Itsmaterialandefficiency.7.Whatcanbestdescribethestudents?A.Disciplinedandrealistic. B.Experiencedandreliable.

C.Humbleandreserved. D.Responsibleandcreative.CAUnitedAirlinesflightfromChicagotoWashingtonD.C.madeabitofaviation(航空)historylastDecember,completinga600-miletripthattheairlinehopeswillprovethefirstlegofajourneytoagreenerfuture.Inafirst,oneofthetwoenginesonthe737Max8waspoweredentirelybyfuelmadefromusedcookingoilandwastefatfrombeef,porkandchicken.Refined(提炼)ataSouthernCaliforniaplant,thefuelproducesabout80%lessemissions(排放)thanconventionalaviationfuel.Biofuelhadbeenmixedwithconventionalfuelinthepast,butUnitedAirlinessaidithadneverbeenusedbyitselfintheengineofacommercialflight.TheChicagocarriermadetheflighttoshowtheprogressithasmadetowarditsgoalofgettingridofgreenhousegasemissionsby2050.It'sagoalsharedbytheInternationalAirTransportAssociation(IATA).Fornow,thebiggestchallengeisproducingenoughlow-emission,sustainableaviationfuelthatcanbeusedinexistingcommercialplaneswithoutadjustmenttopowertheworld'sairlines.Theworld'srefineriesnowproduceabout26.4milliongallonsoflow-emission,sustainableaviationfuelayear.Thatisonlyatinypartofthe18.3billiongallonsoffuelburnedbyU.S.carriersalonein2019."Thereisnoquestionthereisachallenge,"GeneGebolys,chiefexecutiveofWorldEnergy,aBostonbiofuelenergycompany,said."It'sallaboutscale(规模)."WorldEnergy'sParamount,California,facilitynowhasthecapacitytorefinecookingoilandanimalfatinto15milliongallonsofsustainableaviationfuelayear.Thecompanyisinvesting$1.5billiontomodernizethefacilityandenableittoproduceupto370milliongallonsayear."Standingwherewearerightnow,itisgoingtobeanextremelyambitiousgoaltogettonetzeroby2050,"Gebolyssaid."DoIthinkit'spossible?Absolutely."8.WhatistheexperimentofUnitedAirlines?A.Usingfuelfromfatandoilaloneinengines.

B.Refiningcookingoilandwastefat.

C.Mixingbiofuelenergywithconventionalfuel.

D.Developingbiofuel-poweredcarriers.9.Whatbarrierdoesthenewenergypromotionface?A.Thestabilityoftherefinedcookingoil.

B.Thelackofrawmaterials.

C.Thelimitedproductioncapacity.

D.Theenergyconsumptioninproduction.10.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothepopularizationofthenewenergy?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.EnergyCompanyDiscoversaNewGreenFuel

B.GlobalAirlinesPromiseaLow-emissionFuture

C.IsBiofuelEnergyReadyforMassProduction?

D.CouldCookingOilHelpAirlinesReachZeroEmissions?DThefour-dayworkweek'smomenthasarrived.Withanewproposaloflegislation(立法)inAmericatoreducethestandardworkweekfrom40to32hours,awarenessofashorterworkweek—andenthusiasmforitisgaining.Andsoisthedoubtaroundit.InitialdoubtisreasonablesinceAmericanworkculturehasbeenfoundedonconstantworkingandexpectationsforoverachievement.However,iftherewereeveratimefortransformingthinking,thisisit.Thechallengesoverthepastyearshavestrengthenedourmusclesofadaptation.Andthenewpracticeofworkingfromhomeprovedthatwecanadjustquicklytochangingconditions.Four-dayworkweekpilots(试点)areemergingacrosstheglobe,withsomecompaniesnowdecidingtoadoptthepolicypermanently.MicrosoftJapanandKickstarterrepresentjustthegrowingnumberoforganizationsexploringthefour-dayworkweek.Supporterscitemanybenefits,includingimprovedphysicalandmentalhealth,increasedgenderequityandpositiveenvironmentalimpacts.Itiseasytoimaginewhatwemightdowithanadditionalday-off-spendtimewithfamilyandfriends,pursueahobby,sleep.Pilotfindingsshowincreasedproductivityaswell.Manyinfavorofthefour-dayworkweekanticipateamorefulfilledcommunity.Someleaderswillseetheresearchandbelievethatapilotisworthwhile.Otherswillresisttheidea.Theyweretaughtthatfacetimewithemployeesistheonlywaytoensureaccountability(责任心)andproductivity.Lessfacetimecanfeellikealossofcontrol.Whileeachorganizationwillneedtofindwhatworksforthem,doingsocanbeaproductiveexercise.Leaderscanletemployeesworkoutthedetailsratherthan"solving"thechallengefromthetopdown.PerpetualGuardianaskedemployeestoproposetheirownproductivitymeasures,includinghowtoincreaseproductivityandarrangeshifts.Awin,atechfirm,saw80employeesvolunteerfortaskforcestoensurethattheirswitchtoafour-dayworkweekwentsmoothly.12.WhyareAmericansdoubtfulaboutthenewworkweekpractice?A.Therearelimitedlegislationproposalsforit.

B.ItchallengesAmericanworkvalue.

C.Itgoesbeyondtheirstandardworkweek.

D.Therearefewpilotsforitacrosstheglobe.13.Whatisparagraph2mainlydiscussing?A.Americanworkculture.

B.Challengesofthenewpractice.

C.Detailsofthenewworkweekpilots.

D.Thepossibilityofadoptingthenewpractice.14.Whatcanbeachievedbythenewpractice?A.Amorehealthyandefficientsociety.

B.Diversityoforganizationmanagement.

C.Increasedsenseofresponsibility.

D.Morechoicesofcommunityservices.15.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestleadersdo?A.Handlethechallengesfromthetopdown.

B.Allowtheemployeestotrythenewpractice.

C.Workoutdetailedsolutionsfortheorganization.

D.Developmorewaystomeasureproductivity.Iwasrecentlyinabusinessmeeting,wheretwomanagersfacedoffwiththeirwildlydifferentopinions.Buttooursurprise,themeetingwentremarkablywell—andallbecauseoneofthemsimplyshowedacalmmaturity(成熟).Hekeptsayingthingslike,"Iabsolutelyseeyourpoint,Jeff,"

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♦Knowhowtolaughatyourself.JoanRiverssaid,"Lifegoesbyfast.Enjoyit.Calmdown.It'sallfunny."

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Wecanquantifyourcalmbyourabilityto"shakeitoff".Youreallycanchoosetofreeyourselffromanything:aruderemark,adisrespectfromsomeoneyou'veneverliked,apassive-aggressivecolleague...whatever.Whenyoucanshakeallthatoffandjustfocusonthepresentmoment,youkindofhaveitfiguredout.A.Neverreact.B.Don'tblameothers.C.Lifedoesn'thavetobesoserious,doesit?D.Andwhenthathappens,lifegetsawesome.E.Willguiltandregrethaveyoulivinginthepast?F.Hemethiscolleague'sargumentwithabsolutecalm.G.Maturitybeginswhendramaanddissatisfactionend.16.

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A.straight B.muddy C.smooth D.uneven36.SpaceStationRiceTestsShowPromiseChineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)onboardtheTiangongspacestation.Therehavebeenotherrice

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long-termspaceexplorations,"Zhengsaid.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)37.假定你是李华，你校来自新西兰的交换生Terry发邮件请你推荐一门特色课程，请你用英文给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.推荐的课程及简介；2.推荐的理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTerry,

Yours,LiHua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Oneofthemostdifficultrealitiesabouttheteachingprofessionisthatweseldomknowifwehavemadeadifference.WhenIbecomediscouragedaboutmyjob,mystudentsormyself,Ioftenthinkbacktooneparticulardayofmyteachingcareer.Myfirstyearofteachingwasalmostover.ItaughtjuniorEnglishatMilfordHighSchoolonaone-yearcontract.IhadabrightgroupofstudentsandIwasgratefulforthat.However,astheendoftheschoolyeardrewtoaclose,mystudentscontinuallyaskediftheregularteacherwouldbereturning.Itriedtorespondwithlittleemotion.Deepdown,though,IwasmorebotheredbyleavingthanIadmitted.Finally,thedaycametogivemylastfinalexam.Ipassedtheofficebeforethebellrangandsawacoupleofthestudentsfrommyclass,andIthoughthowdifficultsayinggood-byewouldbe.TheywereagroupwithwhomIcouldjoke,havefunandshareideas.Teachingthemwasapleasure,andweallhadlearnedalotthatyear.But,assuccessfulstudentsdo,theyweremovingontotwelfthgrade,andIdoubtedtheywouldremembermuchaboutmeafterafewmoreyearsoftheiracademiccareersandbusylives.JustaboutthistimeIwasonhalldutyoutsidemyclassroom,andInoticedthecrowdsthinningoutandclassroomdoorsshutting.Ilookedinmyroomtofindonlytwostudentsinattendance.WhenIcommentedthatitwasawfullystrangethattheirclassmatesweresolate,theyagreedandthenquicklyaskedtogetadrinkoutside.Thehallwaywasawfullyquiet.Iwalkeddownthehallseveraltimestoseeifanyonewascoming.Suddenly,Iheardfootstepscomingdownthehall.Iwasannoyedthataftersuchagreatyearwiththesekids,Iwould—ontheirlastdaywithme—havetogivethemalectureaboutresponsibility.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Isighedandthenobservedthemcomingpeacefullytowardsmewithsomethingintheirhands.​​​​​​​

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答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、C、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些学生们可以挑战的为全球问题制定富有想象力的解决方案的项目。

1.

根据第二段内容（召唤下一代的医生、护士和卫生专业人员——这趟穿过英格兰和苏格兰的旅行是为你准备的。追踪塑造英国现代医疗环境的创新方法，并参加实践研讨会，了解现实生活中的医疗职业是如何运作的。）可知，英国之旅可以提供医学相关内容，适合希望从事医学职业的人。故选A。

2.

根据AgricultureinIreland部分中的Getyourhandsdirtyasyouexperiencethefarm-to-tablejourney—animportantpartoflifeinIreland—byvisitingavarietyoflocalfarmsaroundthecountry.（亲身体验从农场到餐桌的旅程——这是爱尔兰生活的重要组成部分——参观全国各地的各种当地农场。）可知，在爱尔兰，人们可以在农场亲自动手操作，了解田野中的劳动经验。故选C。

3.

根据第一段中的OurSTEMtourschallengestudentstodevelopimaginativesolutionstoglobalproblemsthroughcriticalthinkingandcreativeexpression.（我们的STEM旅程通过批判性思维和创造性表达挑战学生，为全球问题制定富有想象力的解决方案。）可知，本文介绍了一些学生们可以挑战的项目，推测文章的目标读者是学生。故选D。

4~7.【答案】C、B、C、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍来自宾夕法尼亚约克学院的一群学生正在建造一架无人机，帮助当地农民和保护环境。

1.

根据划线词句子Wewanttohelpthesmallerfarmers,andoneoftheperksisnothavingtospendtheirmoneyonfertilizerandpesticides(杀虫剂).（我们想帮助小农户，其中一个好处就是他们不用花钱买化肥和农药。）可知，不用把钱花在化肥和杀虫剂上这应该是好处，由此猜测perks意为“好处，益处”，和C选项“Benefits”同义。故选C。

2.

根据第三段内容（他们的想法是设计和建造一架无人机，它可以拍摄田地的视频图像，以确定生产最好作物所需的条件，同时节省资金，并通过减少水径流中的污染物来保护环境。理想情况下，获得的数据将帮助农民更好地确定他们需要什么化学品，不需要什么化学品。）可知，无人机的具体用途是帮助确定所需的化学品。故选B。

3.

根据第四段内容（然而，为这个项目找到合适的设备是一个挑战，首先是团队将为这种特殊用途设计什么样的无人机。Samantha说，她研究了无人机的耐用性和控制能力，以帮助做出正确的决定。）可知，制作无人机遇到了挑战，需要解决无人机的耐用性和控制能力。故选C。

4.

根据第二段中的"Wereallywanttohelpfarmingandagriculture.It'ssuper-importanttoAmericaandoureconomy,"

Blaydesays."Wewanttohelpthesmallerfarmers,andoneoftheperksisnothavingtospendtheirmoneyonfertilizerandpesticides(杀虫剂)."（“我们真的想帮助农业。这对美国和我们的经济非常重要。”“我们想帮助小农户，其中一个好处就是不用把钱花在化肥和农药上。）可推知，他们是有责任心的；再根据第三段内容（他们的想法是设计和建造一架无人机，它可以拍摄田地的视频图像，以确定生产最好作物所需的条件，同时节省资金，并通过减少水径流中的污染物来保护环境。理想情况下，获得的数据将帮助农民更好地确定他们需要什么化学品，不需要什么化学品。）可推知，他们是有创造力的。故选D。

8~11.【答案】A、C、A、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了去年12月，美国联合航空公司从芝加哥飞往华盛顿特区的航班创造了一段航空历史，使用生物燃料为飞机的发动机提供动力，该公司希望这将是通往更绿色未来旅程的第一段。

1.

根据第二段中的Inafirst,oneofthetwoenginesonthe737Max8waspoweredentirelybyfuelmadefromusedcookingoilandwastefatfrombeef,porkandchicken.（首先，737Max8两个发动机中的一个完全由用过的食用油和牛肉、猪肉和鸡肉的废脂肪制成的燃料提供动力。）以及Biofuelhadbeenmixedwithconventionalfuelinthepast,butUnitedAirlinessaidithadneverbeenusedbyitselfintheengineofacommercialflight.（生物燃料过去曾与常规燃料混合，但联合航空公司表示，它从未单独用于商业航班的发动机。）可知，联合航空公司的尝试是在发动机中单独使用来自脂肪和油的燃料。故选A。

2.

根据第四段内容（目前，最大的挑战是生产足够的低排放、可持续的航空燃料，使其可以无需调整在现有商用飞机上使用，为世界航空公司提供动力。目前，全球炼油厂每年生产约2640万加仑低排放、可持续的航空燃料。这仅仅是2019年美国航空公司燃烧的183亿加仑燃油的一小部分。）可知，目前，低排放、可持续的航空燃料生产量不足，新能源的推广面临的挑战是生产能力有限。故选C。

3.

根据最后一段内容（“站在我们现在的位置，到2050年实现零排放将是一个极其雄心勃勃的目标，”Gebolys说。“我认为这可能吗？当然。”）可知，作者在文中介绍了Gebolys的观点，新能源是可能在2050年实现零排放的，推测作者对于新能源的普及是支持的。故选A。

4.

根据第二段中的Inafirst,oneofthetwoenginesonthe737Max8waspoweredentirelybyfuelmadefromusedcookingoilandwastefatfrombeef,porkandchicken.（首先，737Max8两个发动机中的一个完全由用过的食用油和牛肉、猪肉和鸡肉的废脂肪制成的燃料提供动力。）以及最后一段内容（“站在我们现在的位置，到2050年实现净零将是一个极其雄心勃勃的目标，”Gebolys说。“我觉得有可能吗？绝对。”）可知，本文主要介绍了联合航空公司的一列航班使用用过的食用油和牛肉、猪肉和鸡肉的废脂肪制成的燃料为飞机的发动机提供动力，这种新能源有可能在2050年实现零排放，所以D项“食用油能帮助航空公司实现零排放吗？”可以作为文章标题。故选D。

12~15.【答案】B、D、A、B【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。介绍了新的四小时工作周新惯例在社会上引起的怀疑，支持和试点等情况。

1.

根据第二段第一句InitialdoubtisreasonablesinceAmericanworkculturehasbeenfoundedonconstantworkingandexpectationsforoverachievement.(最初的怀疑是合理的，因为美国的工作文化建立在不断工作和对超额成就的期望之上。）可知，美国的工作文化其价值观是“不断工作，超额成就”，而新的工作周惯例是四天制，这与其原有价值观相违背，因此美国人怀疑这一新的工作制度。故选B。

2.

根据第二段第二句However,iftherewereeveratimefortransformingthinking,thisisit.（然而，如果有一个转变思维的时机，那就是现在。）可知，作者认为现在是时候转变原有思维，即原有的工作文化价值观。故可推测本段主要讲述转变思维，适应新的惯例的可能性。故选D。

3.

根据第四段第一句Supporterscitemanybenefits,includingimprovedphysicalandmentalhealth,increasedgenderequityandpositiveenvironmentalimpacts.（支持者列举了许多好处，包括改善身心健康、增加性别平等和积极的环境影响。）和第三句Pilotfindingsshowincreasedproductivityaswell.（试验结果表明，生产率也有所提高。）可知，新的工作时长惯例能够促进身心健康，也能够提高生产效率，因此整个社会将会更加高效。故选A。

4.

根据最后一段二三句Leaderscanletemployeesworkoutthedetailsratherthan"solving"thechallengefromthetopdown.PerpetualGuardianaskedemployeestoproposetheirownproductivitymeasures,includinghowtoincreaseproductivityandarrangeshifts.（领导者可以让员工解决细节问题，而不是自上而下地“解决”挑战。新西兰最大的慈善服务私人机构PerpetualGuardian要求员工提出提高自己的生产力措施，包括如何提高生产力和安排轮班。）可知，领导者要让员工自己解决细节问题，且以PerpetualGuardian为例，进一步指出员工自己可以提出自己的生产力措施，即老板应该允许员工自己践行一些新实践。故选B。

16~20.【答案】F、D、C、B、G【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了可以给我们的生活带来更多的冷静和从容的方法。

1.

根据前文Iwasrecentlyinabusinessmeeting...Hekeptsayingthingslike,"Iabsolutelyseeyourpoint,Jeff,"

and"You'rerightaboutthat.Couldweconsider…?"（最近，我参加了一个商务会议，两位经理针锋相对，提出了截然不同的观点。但令我们惊讶的是，会议进行得非常顺利——而这一切都是因为其中一人表现出了冷静成熟的态度。他一直在说，“我完全明白你的意思，杰夫，”和“你说得对。我们可以考虑……吗?”）可知，其中一人以绝对冷静的态度面对争论，F项（他以绝对冷静的态度面对同事的争论。）符合语境。故选F。

2.

根据前文Itcanbesoeasytocompareourselvestootherpeopleoverourpaychecks,thecontentsofourclosets,relationshipstatusesetc.Butwhenyourealizethatallthatmattersisyou,youcan'thelpbutjustdoyou.（我们很容易拿自己的薪水、衣柜里的东西、关系状况等与他人比较。但当你意识到最重要的是你自己时，你就会情不自禁地做你自己。）推知，当我们意识到自己是最重要的后，生活会有改变。D项（当这种情况发生时，生活就变得精彩了。）符合语境

。故选D。

3.

根据前文JoanRiverssaid,"Lifegoesbyfast.Enjoyit.Calmdown.It'sallfunny."（JoanRivers说过：“生命过得很快。享受它。冷静下来。一切都很有趣。”）以及后文Andonceyougettothepointwhereyoucanlaughatyourself,youcanlaughatprettymuchanything.（一旦你到了可以自嘲的程度，你就可以嘲笑任何事情了。）可知，空处是一个过渡句，是对前一句的进一步说明，并引出下文，所以C项（生活没必要这么严肃，不是吗？）讲述的是抱着愉快的态度看待生活，是对前文的进一步说明，同时通过反义疑问句，引出下文。故选C。

4.

根据倒数第二段内容（我认为没有什么比对自己的生活承担百分之百的责任更成熟的了。没有借口或例外——父母的，政府的或其他的。当你拥有你的环境和你的“东西”时，你就被赋予了力量。）可知，本段说的是自己去承担责任，不要责怪他人，所以B项（不要指责他人。）符合语境。故选B。

5.

根据最后一段内容（我们可以通过“摆脱冷静”的能力来量化我们的冷静。你真的可以选择让自己从任何事情中解脱出来：一句粗鲁的话，一个你不喜欢的人的不尊重，一个消极攻击的同事……无论什么。当你能摆脱所有这些，专注于当下，你就找到了答案。）可知，本段是在讲述，当能摆脱一些让自己不快的事时，就说明你成熟了，所以G项（当戏剧性事件和不满结束时，成熟就开始了。）符合语境。故选G。

21~35.【答案】B、C、B、D、A、C、D、A、B、D、C、A、A、C、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者接受朋友Marga的邀请，一起远足旅行的经历。

1.

句意：我欣然接受了这个机会。A.turneddown拒绝；B.jumpedat欣然接受；C.lookedfor寻找；D.gaveup放弃。根据下文中的“WemetourguideAchutPandeyinKathmandu.”可知，作者去见向导，所以作者接受了邀请。故选B。

2.

句意：他是一个快乐和善良的人，去过大本营超过100次。财富；诚实；善良；品味。根据下文中的“Beforewe

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BaseCamp,hecarriedourpacksandskillfullynegotiatedourmoodsandcapabilities.”可知，这位向导很友善，帮助我们背包，调节我们的情绪。故选C。

3.

句意：当我们离开NamcheBazaar时，我们选择了三高山口路线，这条路线人迹罕至，时间更长，难度更大。更适合的；困难的；拥挤的；废弃的。根据and前的两个形容词“less-traveled,longer”可知，作者他们选择走的路是条难走的路。故选B。

4.

句意：我们几乎被冻住了。疯狂的；饥饿的；拼命的；结冰的，惊呆的。根据上文中的“Thetemperaturesrangedfromtheteenstobelow0°F.”可知，气温很低，所以我们都被冻僵了。故选D。

5.

句意：我们吃完晚饭，就钻进了睡袋。撤退；暴露；帮助；辞职。根据上文中的“Thetemperaturesrangedfromtheteenstobelow0°F.”可知，天气很冷，吃完饭后，作者他们都钻进了睡袋里，withdraw意为“撤退”引申为“钻进”符合语境。故选A。

6.

句意：虽然我们最初能够吃下几个鸡蛋和一块吐司，但我们走得越高，我们吃得越少。逐渐地；最终；起初；显然地。根据下文中的Eventually可知，此处表示的是“一开始，起初”作者他们的胃口还不错。故选C。

7.

句意同上。期望；休息；遭受；吃。根据上文中的“Whilewe

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wereabletodownacoupleofeggsandapieceoftoast”可知，一开始大家能吃下很多，但是随着海拔增高，吃的越少。故选D。

8.

句意：最终，只吃一碗米饭就费了不少功夫。努力；趣事；运气，财富；压力。结合上文，随着海拔的增加，吃的越来越少，最后吃一碗米饭都很费劲。故选A。

9.

句意：海拔在其他方面轻松打败我们。支持；贬低，打败；使迷惑；指引。根据上文中对作者他们饮食的描述可知，随着海拔高度的增加，作者他们的饮食在不断减少，由此可知，海拔轻而易举的打败了我们，humble作为动词意为“贬低，轻松打败”的意思，符合语境。故选B

10.

句意：随着我们的食欲变差，我们的步伐也放缓了。成长；演讲；呼吸声；步速。根据下文中的“RenjoLaPass,thefirstpass,wassupposedtotakeeighthours.Ittook12.”可知，作者他们行走的时间增加，说明步速慢了。故选D。

11.

句意：Achut对我们的信心从未动摇过。恢复；测试；摇晃；奖励。根据下文中的“Hegreeteduseachdaywitha

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“goodmorning.”可知，向导很愉快的问候说明对我们的信心毫不动摇。故选C。

12.

句意：他每天都用愉快的“早上好”迎接我们。兴高采烈的；不情愿的；冷静的；无意义的。根据上文中的“Achut'sfaithinuswasnever

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.”可知，向导信任我们，应该是“高兴地”问候作者。故选A。

13.

句意：在我们到达大本营之前，他带着我们的行李，熟练地与调节我们的情绪和激发我们的能力。到达；离开；守护；成立。根据下文中的“hecarriedourpacksandskillfullynegotiatedourmoodsandcapabilities”可知，向导在我们到达大本营前帮助我们背包，调节我们的情绪。故选A。

14.

句意：我们信任他，他自信而坚强地指引着我们，在结冰、不平、有时甚至狭窄的道路上行走。羡慕；表扬；引导；接触。根据上文中的“WemetourguideAchutPandeyinKathmandu.”可知，作为向导，他的职责是“引导”我们到达目的地。故选C。

15.

句意同上。直的；泥泞的；顺利的；不均匀的。根据下文中与该空并列的narrow可知，此处仍是对小路的描述，后为狭窄的，此处应为“不平的”符合语境。故选D。

36.【答案】【小题1】experiments【小题2】its【小题3】a【小题4】largest【小题5】are【小题6】and【小题7】tocontrol【小题8】vitally【小题9】brought【小题10】for【解析】1.

句意：在太空中还进行过其他大米实验。分析句子可知，设空处应用名词作主语；experiment意为“实验”，为可数名词，符合题意。结合语境可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，故填experiments。

2.

句意：但在天宫上进行的这项研究是第一次以培育植物的完整生命周期为目标，从种子开始，到产生新种子的成熟植物结束。分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。

3.

句意同上。分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词表泛指，应用不定冠词；且设空后mature以辅音音素开头，故填a。

4.

句意：太空实验室重23吨，高米，是我国迄今为止最大的航天器。分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词作定语，并且根据句意可知是迄今为止最大的，应用形容词最高级，故填largest。

5.

句意：飞船上有8个实验载荷，其中一个用于水稻实验。分析句子可知，设空处应填动词作谓语；结合语境可知，此处描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时；且本句为倒装句，主语是eightexperimentalpayloads，谓语应用复数形式，故填are。

6.

句意：中国科学院研究员郑慧琼表示：“我们想研究微重力如何在分子水平上影响植物开花时间，以及是否有可能利用微重力环境来控制相关过程。”分析可知，howmicrogravityaffectstheplantfloweringtimeonthemolecular(分子的)level和whetheritispossibletousethemicrogravityenvironment

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(control)therelatedprocess并列作宾语，应用and连接