2023年份四级英语考题附有答案

.现在不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2.出现这

种情况因素3.为了改变这种情况,我认为…

DueAttentionShouIdBeGivenToSpeIling

Part11ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15mi

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogoover

thepassagequiandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,compIetethesen

tenceswiththenrmationgiveninthepassage.

CaughtintheWeb

Afewmonthsago,itwasn'tunusuaIfor47-year-oIdCarIaToeb

etospend15hoursperdayonIine.She'dwakeupearIyFturn

onherIaptopandchatonInternetdatingsitesandinstant-me

ssagingprogramsIeavingherbedforonlybriefinte

househoIdbiIIspiIedup,aIongwiththedishesand

dirtyIaundry,butittooknear-constantcomplaintsfromherfour

daughtersbeforeshereaIizedshehadaproblem.

IwasstartingtofeeIlikemywhoIeworIdwasfaIIingapart-ki

ndofslippingintoadepression,"saidCarla."IknewthatifI

didn*tgetoffthedatingsites,I'djustkeepgoing,"detaching

(使脱离)herseIffurtherfromtheoutsideworId.

Toebe'sconeIusion:ShefeltIikeshewas"addictedHtotheInt

ernet.She'snotaIone.

ConcernaboutexcessiveInternetuseisn'tnew.Asfarback

as1995,artidesinmedicaIjournaIsandtheestabIishmento

faPennsyIvaniatreatmentcenterforoverusersgeneratedinterest

inthesubject.There'sstillnoconsensusonhowmuchtimeo

nlineconstitutestoomuchorwhetheraddictionispossibIe.

ButasreIianceontheWebgrows,therearesignsthatth

equestionisge11ingmoreseriousattention:Lastmonth,as

tudypublishedinCNSSpectrumscIaimedtobethefirstIarge-

scaIelookatexcessiveInternetuse.TheAmericanPsychiatricAsso

ciationmayconsiderIistingInternetaddictioninthenexted

itionofitsdiagnosticmanuaI.AndscoresofonIinediscussion

boardshavepoppeduponwhichpeopIediscussnegativeexpe

riencestiedtotoomuchtimeontheWeb.

"There'snoquestionthatthere1repeopIewho1reseriousIyin

troubIebecausethey'reoverdoingtheirInternetinvoIvement,"

saidpsychiatrist（精神科医生）IvanGoIdberg.Goldbergcallsthep

robIemadisorderratherthanatrueaddiction.

JonathanBishop,aresearcherinWalesspeciaIizingin

onIinecommunities,ismoreskepticaI."TheInternetisane

nvironment,"hesaid."Youcan*tbeaddietedtotheenvironmen

t."BishopdescribestheprobIemassimplyamatterofpriori

ties,whichcanbesoIvedbyencouragingpeopIetoprioritizeother

IifegoaIsandplansinpIaceoftimespentonIine.

ThenewCNSSpectrumsstudywasbasedonresuitsofanationwide

teIephonesurveyofmorethan2,500aduIts.Likethesurvey,

thisonewasconductedbyStanfordUniversityresearchers.About6%o

frespondentsreportedthatntheirreIationshipssuffered

becauseofexcessiveInternetuse."About9%attemptedtoconce

aI"nonessentiaIInternetuse,"andnearIy4%reportedfeeIin

gnpreoccupiedbytheInternetwhenoffIine.”

About8%saidtheyusedtheInternetasawaytoescapepr

oblems,andaImost14%reportedthey"foundithardtostayawa

yfromtheInternetforseveraIdaysatatime."

"TheInternetprobIemisstillinitsinfancy,"saidEliasA

boujaoude,aStanfordprofessor.Nosingleonlineactivityi

stoblameforexcessiveuse,hesaid."They'reonIineinchatrooms,c

heckinge-maiI,orwritingbIogs.[TheprobIemis]notIimited

toporn（色情）orgambling"websites.

ExcessiveInternetuseshouIdbedefinednotbythenumberofh

oursspentonlinebut"intermsofIosses,"saidMaressaOrzac

k,aHarvardUniversityprofessor.Ifit'saIoss[where]you

'renotgettingtowork,andfamiIyreIationshipsarebreaking

downasaresuIt,thenit'stoomuch."

SincetheearIy199Os,severaIclinicshavebeenestabIish

edintheU.S.totreatheavyInternetusers.TheyincIudeth

eCenterforInternetAddictionRecoveryandtheCenterforInt

ernetBehavior.

ThewebsiteforOrzack'scenterIiststhefollowingamong

thepsychologicaIsymptomsofcomputeraddiction:

•Havingasenseofwell-being（幸福）orexcitementwhileat

thecomputer.

•Longingformoreandmoretimeatthecomputer.

•Neglectoffamilyandfriends.

•Feelingempty,depressedorirritabIewhennotatthecomp

uter.

•LyingtoemployersandfamiIyaboutactivities.

•InabiIitytostoptheactivity.

•ProblemswithschooIorjob.

PhysicaIsymptomsIistedincIudedryeyes,backaches,skippingm

eaIs,poorpersonalhygiene（卫生）andsleepdisturbances.

PeopIewhostruggIewithexcessiveInternetusemaybedepres

sedorhaveothermooddisorders,Orzacksaid.WhenshediscussesI

nternethabitswithherpatients,theyoftenreportthatbeing

onIineoffersa"senseofbelonging,andescape,excitemerit[and]

fun,"shesaid."SomepeopIesayrelief…becausetheyfindthems

eIvessoreIaxed.n

SomepartsoftheInternetseemtodrawpeopIeinmorethan

others.InternetgamersspendcountIesshourscompetinging

amesagainstpeopIefromaIIovertheworId.Onesuchgame,called

WorIdofWarcraft,iscitedonmanysitesbyposterscompIain

ingofa"gamingaddiction."

AndrewHeidrich,aneducationnetworkadministratorfromSa

cramento,playsWorIdofWarcraftforabouttwotofourhoursev

eryothernight,butthat'snothingcomparedwiththe40to60

hoursaweekhespentplayingonlinegameswhenhewasincoll

ege.HecutbackonlyafterafulI-seaIefamilyintervention

（干预），inwhichreIativestoldhimhe'dgainedweight.

"There'sthiswholecuItureofcompetitionthatsucks

peopIein"withonIinegaming,saidHeidrich,nowafatheroftwo.

"PeopIedoitattheexpenseofeverythingthatwasaconstant

intheirlives."Heidrichnowvisitswebsitesthatdiscuss

gamingaddictionregularIy"toremindmyseIftokeepmyI

oveforonIinegamesincheck."

ToebealsoreguIarlyvisitsasitewherepostersdiscussInternet

overuse.InAugust,whenshefirstreaIizedshehadaprobIem,

shepostedamessageonaYahooInternetaddictiongroupwith

thesubjectIine:”1haveanInternetAddiction.

"I'mseIf-empIoyedandneedtheInternetformywork,butI'm

failingtoaccomplishmywork,totakecareofmyhome,togive

attentiontomychiIdren,*'shewroteinamessagesentto

thegroup."IhavenomoneyorinsurancetogetprofessionaIheIp;I

cantevenpaymymortgage什氐押贷款)andfaceIosingeverything.

SineethenrToebesaid,shehaskeptherpromisetoherseIfto

cutbackonherInternetuse.Ihaveaboyfriendnow,andI*m

notinterestedinonIinedating,"shesaidbyphoneIastw

eek.It'saIotbetternow.”

1.WhateventuaIlymadeCarlaToebereaIizeshewasspending

toomuchtimeontheInternet?

A)ThepoorIymanagedstateofherhouse.

B)ThehighfinanciaIcostsaddingup.

C)FatigueresuItingfromIackofsleep.

Herdaughter'srepeatedcompIaints.

2.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutexcessiveInternetuse?

A)11hasbecomevirtuaIIyinevitabIe.

B)Ithasbeensomewhatexaggerated.

IPeopIehaven'tyetreachedagreementonitsdefinition.

D)PeopIeshouIdbewarnedofitsharmfuIconsequences.

3.JonathanBishopbeIievesthattheInternetoverusepro

blemcanbesolvedifpeopIe

A)canreachaconsensusonitsdefinition

B)canreaIizewhatisimportantinIife

C)trytoimprovetheInternetenvironment

D)becomeawareofitsseriousconsequences

4.AccordingtoProfessorMaressa0rzack,Internetusewould

beconsideredexcessiveif

itseriousIyaffectedfamilyreIationships

B)onevisitedpornwebsitesfrequentIy

C)toomuchtimewasspentinchatrooms

D)peopIegotinvolvedinonlinegambling

5.AccordingtoOrzack,peopIewhostruggIewithheavy

eIianceontheInternetmayfeeI

A)pressured

B)puzzIed

depressed

D)discouraged

6.WhydidAndreHeidrichcutbackonlinegarning?

A)Hehadoffendedhisrelatives.

B)Hiscareerhadbeenruined.

0)HehadlostaIotofmoney.

HisfamiIyhadintervened.

7.AndrewHeidrichnowvisitswebsitesthatdiscussonIinega

mingaddictionto

hisdesireforonIinegaming

B)improvehisonlinegarningskills

0)exchangeonIinegamingexperienee

D)showhowgoodheisatonlinegaming

8.Inoneothemessagesshepostedonawebsite,Toebe

admittedthatshe

9.ExcessiveInternetusehadrenderedToebesopoorthatshe

couIdn'taffordoseek

10.Nowthathe'sgotaboyfriend,ToebeisnoIongercrazy

abouton11!iedating

PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)

Directions:Inthissection,youwiIIhear8shortconversation

sand2Iongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,on

eormorequestionswiIIbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththe

conversationandthequestionswiIIbespokenonIyonce.Afterea

chquestiontherewiIIbeapause.Duringthepause,you

mustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)randdecide

whichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingIettero

nAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11.

A)HecannotfinishhisassignmentbeforethedeadIine.

B)Hecannotgetaccesstotheassignedbook.

C)HehasdifficuItyunderstandingthebook.

D)Hehasprovedtobeabetterreaderthanthewoman.

12.

A)ShewiIIdrivethemantothesupermarket.

B)Themanneedn'tgoshoppingeveryweek.

C)ThemanshouIdbuyacarofhisown.

D)Shecanpickthemanupatthegroeerystore.

13.

A)Tidyuptheplace.

B)Holdaparty.

0)Getmorefoodanddrinks.

D)Askhisfriendtocomeover.

14.

A)Thefirst-roundtaIksshouldstartassoonaspossibIe.

B)HecouIdchangehisscheduIetomeetJohnSmith.

C)ThetaIkscanbeheIdanydayexceptthisFriday.

D)ThewomanshouIdcontactJohnSmithfirst.

15.

A)HehasgonethroughasimiIarexperienee.

B)Heunderstandsthewoman'sfeeIings.

C)TheteacherisjustfoIIowingtheregulations.

D)ThewomanshouIdhavegoneonthefieldtrip.

16.

C)Sheissorrythemanwillnotcome.

D)ShehastoinviteDavidtotheparty.

B)ShewillaskDavidtotaIkless.

A)Shewillmeetthemanhalfway.

17.

A)ManystudentsfindProf.Johnson'sIecturesboring.

B)FewstudentsunderstandProf.Johnson'sIectures.

0)ManystudentshavedroppedProf.Johnson'sclass.

D)FewstudentsmeetProf.Jonson'srequirements.

18.

A)Studyacomputerprogram.

B)Checktheircomputerfiles.

C)AssembIeacomputer.

D)Makesomecomputations.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejust

heard.

19.

A)ItaIIowshimtomakeaIotoffriends.

B)ItrequireshimtoworkIonghours.

C)ItheIpshimunderstandpeopIebetter.

D)ItenableshimtoappIytheorytopractice.

20.

A)Itrequireshimtodowashing-upaIIthetime.

B)ItexposeshimtooilysmokeaIIdaylong.

C)Itdemandsphysicalenduranceandpatience.

D)ItisinteIlectuaIIychaIIenging.

21.

A)Inahotel.

B)Atacoffeeshop.

C)AtaIaundry.

D)Inahospitai.

22.

A)Knowingtheneedsofcustomers.

B)Planningeverythinginadvanee.

C)Payinga11entiontoeverydetaiI.

D)GettingalongweIIwithcolIeagues.

Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejust

heard.

23.

A)ThethingsBritishchiIdrenspendmoneyon.

B)TheannuaIinflationrateinBritain.

C)ThepocketmoneyBritishchiIdrenget.

D)TherisingcostofraisingachildinBritain.

24.

A)ItoftenriseshigherthaninfIation.

B)Itgoesdownduringeconomicrecession.

C)Ithasgoneup25%inthepastdecade.

D)ItenableschiIdrentolivebetter.

25.

A)Makedonationswhennecessary.

B)Buytheirownshoesandsocks.

C)Saveupfortheirfutureeducation.

D)PayforsmaIIpersonaIthings.

Directions:Inthissection,youwiIIhear3shortpassages.A

ttheendofeachpassage,youwiIIhearsomequestions.Both

thepassageandthequestionswiIIbespokenonIyonce.Afteryou

hearaquestiontyoumustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoi

cesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingIe

tteronAnswerSheet2withasingleIinethroughthecentre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

PassageOne

Questions26to29arebasedontheconversationyouhavejus

theard.

26.

A)SeniorcIerks.

B)Salesdirectors.

C)Districtmanagers.

D)ReguIarcustomers.

27.

A)ThesupportprovidedbythereguIarcIients.

B)TheinitiativeshownbythesaIesrepresentatives.

C)TheimportantpartpIayedbydistrictmanagers.

D)TheurgencyofimpIementingthecompany*spIans.

28.

A)SomeofthemwerepoliticaI-minded.

B)FiftypercentofthemwerefemaIe.

C)Mostofthemwereratherconservative.

D)Onethirdofthemwereseniormanagers.

29.

A)Hedidnotkeeptothepoint.

B)Heusedtoomanyquotations.

C)HespenttoomuchtimeondetaiIs.

D)Hewasnotgendersensitive.

PassageTwo

Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejust

heard.

30.

A)StateyourprobIemtotheheadwaiter.

B)Demandadiscountonthedishesordered.

C)Askthenameofthepersonwaitingonyou.

D)AsktoseethemanagerpoIiteIybutfirmly.

31.

A)Youdon'tknowifyouarecomplainingattherighttime.

B)YouprobIemmaynotbeunderstoodcorrectly.

C)YourcompIaintmaynotreachthepersonincharge.

D)Youcan'ttellhowthepersononthelineisreacting.

32.

A)Sticktothepoint.

B)ProvidealIthedetaiIs.

C)Senditbyexpressmail.

D)Demandapromptresponse.

PassageThree

Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejust

heard.

33.

A)Architect.

B)Cityplanner.

C)Engineer.

D)Fashiondesigner

34.

A)Workflexiblehours.

B)GetaweII-paidpart-timejob.

C)Gobacktoherpreviouspost.

D)Dosomevolunteerwork.

35.

A)ItwilladdtothefamiIy'sfinanciaIburden.

B)Ababy-sitterisnorepIacementforamother.

0)ThechiIdrenwon'tgetalongwithababy-sitter.

D)Fewbaby-sitterscanbeconsideredtrustworthy.

Directions：InthissectionryouwiIIhearapassagethreeti

mes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouId

IistencarefuIIyforitsgeneraIidea.Whenthepassageisread

forthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillinthebIanksnum

beredfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejusthea

rd.Forbtanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredto

fiIIinthemissinginformation.ForthesebIanks,youcaneither

usetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainp

ointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadfor

thethirdtime,youshouIdcheckwhatyouhavewritten.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

AImosteverychiId,onthefirstdayhesetsfootina

schooIbuilding,issmarter,more(36),lessafraidof

whathedoesn'tknow,betteratfindingand(37)things

out,moreconfident,resourcefuI(机敏)，persistentand(38)

thanhewiIIeverbeagaininhisschooling-or,unle

ssheisvery(39)andveryIucky,fortherestofhis

life.AIready,bypayingcloseattentiontoand(40)

withtheworldandpeopIearoundhim,andwithoutanyschool-type

(41)instruction,hehasdoneataskfarmoredifficult,

compIicatedand(42)thananythinghewiIIbeaskedtod

oinschooI,orthananyofhisteachershasdoneforyears.Hehas

soIvedthe(43)ofIanguage.Hehasdiscoveredit-b

abiesdon'tevenknowthatIanguageexists-and(44)

_________________________________________________________________.Hehasdoneitby

expIoring,byexperimenting,bydeveIopinghisownmodelofthe

grammarofIanguage,(45)________________________________________________________

untilitdoeswork.Andwhilehehasbeendoing

this,hehasbeenIearningotherthingsaswell,(46)

______________________________________________________,andmanythataremoreco

mpIicatedthantheonestheydotrytoteachhim.

PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

WhenwethinkofgreenbuiIdings,wetendtothinkofn

ewones-thekindofhigh-1ech,solar-paneledmasterpiecesthatma

kethecoversofarchitecturemagazines.ButtheU.S.hasmore

than100millionexistinghomes,anditwouIdbe_Iincredibly

wastefuItotearthemaIIdownand___48_themwithgr

eenerversions.Anenormousamountofenergyandresourcesw

entintotheconstructionofthosehouses.AnditwouIdtakea

naverageof65yearsforthe__carbonemissions

fromanewenergy-efficienthometomakeupfortheresources

lostbydestroyinganoIdone.Sointhebroadest_

thegreenesthomeistheonethathasaIreadybeenbuiIt.But

atthesametime,nearlyhalfofU.S.carbonemissionscomefro

mheating,cooIingand___ourhomes,offic

esandotherbuiIdings."Youcan'tdeaIwithcIimatechang

ewithoutdeaIingwithexistingbuiIdings,"saysRichardMoe,

thepresidentoftheNationaITrust.

Withsome,theoIdesthomestendtobe

theIeastenergy-efficient.Housesbuiltbefore1939useabout

50%moreenergypersquarefootthanthosebuiltafter,mainIy

duetothetinycracksandgapsthat___53_overtimeandIe

tinmoreoutsideair.

FortunateIyFthereareanumberofreIatively

simpIechangesthatcangreenolderhomes,from

oneslikeLincoIn'sCottagetoyourownpostwarhome.An

defficiencyupgrades(升级)cansavemorethanjustthee

arth;theycanhelp_propertyownersfromrising

powercosts.

A)vast

B)supplying

0)shifted

D)sense

E)repIace

F)reduced

G)protect

H)powering

I)incredibIy

J)historic

K)expand

L)excep