2023年军队文职《英语》科目考试名师预测卷（二）附详解

2023年军队文职《英语》科目考试名师预测卷（二）附详解

一、单选题

1.HermanMeIviIleJssecondfamouswork,,wasnotpubIishedunti11924,33

yearsafterhisdeath.

AvPierre

BvRedburn

C\Moby-Dick

D、BiIlyBudd

答案：D

解析：赫尔曼•梅尔维尔（1819—1891）,十九世纪美国最伟大的小说家、散文

家和诗人之一，也被誉为美国的“莎士比亚”。《皮埃尔》（1852）、《雷德伯

恩》（1849）、《白鲸》（1851）和《水手比利•巴德》（1924）都是他的作品。

2.ThepubIicationof""markedthebeginningofRomanticAge.

AvDonJuan

BvTheRimeoftheAncientMariner

C\TheLyricaIBaIlads

DvQueenMab

答案：C

解析：1789年华兹华斯和柯勒律治共同编写的《抒情民谣》标志浪漫主义的开

始，1832年沃尔特•司各特的去世宣告了浪漫主义时期的结束。

3.JohnDonnewrotewhatwereIatercaIIedpoetry,whichareplex,high-inte

IIectuaIverse,withmetaphors.

A、romantic

B、modem

CxreaIistic

DxmetaphysicaI

答案:D

解析：作为“玄学派”的创始人，约翰•邓恩(1572—1631)是极具诗歌天赋的，

他的诗采用奇特的比喻，多变的格律，具有独特的诗歌特色。

4.HisanxietyandworryhimtorushintotheroomandinterruptourtaIk.

A、prompted

B、shoved

Cxridiculed

Dxsaddened

答案：A

解析：prompt敦促，促使。shove推，猛推。ridicule嘲笑，奚落。sadden使

悲伤。

5.MembersofHouseofmonshoIdtheirseatfor()yearsatmost.

A、Five

B、Four

C、Seven

DxThree

答案：A

解析：考查加拿大政治。众议院议员任期最长不超过5年

6.TheseientificapproachtoaprobIemconsistsfirstofaIIcoIIectingamp

IemateriaI.

A、with

B、of

C、in

Dvto

答案：C

解析：consistin存在于。consistof由...组成。

7.EmpIoyerswhoretirepeopIewhoarewiIIingandabIetocontinueworkingshouId

reaIizethatchronologicalageisnotaneffectiveindeterminingwhethera

nindividuaIiscapabIeofworking.

Axbarrier

B、factor

Cvcriterion

D、norm

答案：C

解析：criterion评判标准。barrier障碍。factor因素。norm典范，规范。

8.TheteachergaveinstructionsforwritingthepaperonenvironmentaIpro

tection.

AxexpIicit

B、formidabIe

C\cruciaI

D、daring

答案：A

解析：explicit明晰的，清楚的。formidable可怕的,难对付的。crucial决

定性的，至关重要的。daring大胆的，勇敢的。

9.Itwasgreat.

Axhadtohave;hadto

B、usedtohave;couIdnJt

Cxwouldhave;didn,thaveto

D、usedtohave;wouId

答案：D

解析：句意：Gary以前工作的地方，每年公司都会有一次野餐，所有的员工都

会带上家人一起在附近的公园玩上一天，那太棒了。usedtodo和woulddo都表

示过去经常和习惯性的动作，从annual可以推知他们是经常做的事，因而D选

项正确。

10.ThesemantiereIationbetweenvegetabIeandcabbageis.

A、hyponymy

B、meronymy

Cxantonymy

D、homonymy

答案：A

解析：蔬菜和卷心菜之间的语义关系是上下义(hyponymy)0

11.ThereisareaIpossibiIitythattheseanimaIscouIdbefrightened,()asudde

nloudnoise.

Axbeingthere

B、shouldtherebe

Cxtherewas

D、therehavingbeen

答案：B

解析：考查虚拟语气。句中that引导的从句theseanimaIscouIdbefrightened,

asuddenloudnoise是possibiIity的同位语，其中包括一个表示与将来事实相

反的虚拟语气句，条件从句中没有if,应用部分倒装，将助动词should移至句

首。故本题选B。句意：万一突然有巨响，这些动物就会受到惊吓，这确实是可

能的。

12.Themittee'ssuggestionswiIIbeimmediateIy.

A、implemented

B、plemented

Cxexperienced

D、suppIemented

答案：A

解析：implement贯彻，执行。plement补助,补充。experiment实验。supple

ment补充。

13.Idon'tknowexactIy,whathedid,buthegotaknighthoodforit.

Axinanyrate

Bxatthatrate

Cxatthisrate

D、atanyrate

答案：D

解析：atanyrate无论如何；至少。atthatrate那样的话。atthisrate这样的

话。

14.isatypicaIfeatureofSwifswritings.

AxElegantstyle

BxCasuaInarration

CxBittersatire

D、pIicatedsentencestructure

答案：C

解析：斯威夫特是位讽刺大师，讽刺一针见血。但是他的嘲讽却总是隐藏于表面

的严肃之后，不动声色的平静下面潜伏着辛辣的讽刺。

15.OdetotheWestWind?waswrittenby.A.WilliamBIake

AxWiIIiamWordsworth

B、SamuelTaylorColeridge

C、Percy

D、SheIIey

答案：D

解析：OdetotheWestWind（《西风颂》）是英国著名浪漫主义诗人PercyB.SheIIe

y（珀西•雪莱，1792—1822）的代表作。

16.AIIofhisfriendscameandhimonhissuccess.

Axconcentrated

B、melt

CxcongratuIated

D、mounted

答案：C

解析：congratulate庆祝。concentrate精力。melt融化。mount登上。

17.ForhimtheonIyIawis.

A、hisownwiII

B、thenaturaIIaw

C、theBible

DxtheConstitution

答案:A

解析：亚哈拒绝一切外界劝诫，操控并设计自己的命运，展示了其不受命运摆布

的非凡姿态。

18.wrotesomeofthemostbeautifuIodesintheEngIishIanguage,whichhadt

heeuIogyofbeautyastheirthemes.

AxWiIIiamWordsworth

B、LordByron

CxSheIIey

D、JohnKeats

答案：D

解析：约翰•济慈(1795—1821)是杰出的英国诗人作家之一，浪漫派的主要成

员之一。济慈主张“美即是真，真即是美”，代表作品有《恩底弥翁》《夜莺颂》

《希腊古瓮颂》《秋颂》等。

19.ThereareradicaldifferencesbetweenbinaryanddecimaI.

A、division

B、distribution

Cxmu11ipIication

Dxnumeralion

答案：D

解析：句意：二进制数和十进制数之间有根本的区别。numeration计算，读数

法。division区分,除法。distribution分发,分配。muItipIication乘法,

增加。

20.Asfreshflowerswithereasily,theychoosesomeonetodecoratetheirho

use.

A、artificial

B、faIse

C、unnaturaI

D、unreaI

答案:A

解析：artificial假的,人造的。false错误的，虚伪的。unnatural不自然的。

unreal不真实的，虚幻的。

21.Thecityofisnicknamed“SpaceCityofUSA”.

AxLosAngeles

B、Houston

CxBoston

D、Honolulu

答案：B

解析：Houston(休斯顿)是美国得克萨斯州的第一大城，全美国第四大城。休

斯顿官方绰号为SpaceCity“太空城”，因为它是约翰逊航空中心的所在地，任

务监控中心也设在该地。

22.WhichofthefoIlowingpairsisnotaminimalpair?()

Ax/sip//zip/

B、/fi：I//Ii：f/

G/keit//feit/

Dv/sai//sei/

答案：B

解析：考查语音学。根据最小对立体的定义，如果有两个词，它们除了出现在同

一位置上的一个音外，其余音都一样，那么这两个词就构成了一个最小对立体

23.HisanxietyandworryhimtorushintotheroomandinterruptourtaIk.

Axshoved

Bxsaddened

Cxprompted

Dxridiculed

答案：c

解析：prompt敦促，促使。shove推，猛推，强使。sadden使伤心。ridicuIe

嘲笑，奚落。

24.isoneofShakespeare5snarrativepoems.

AxTheWinter,sTaIe

B、VenusandAdonis

CxRomeoandJuIiet

D、TheHouseofFame

答案：B

解析：《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》(VenusandAdonis)是莎士比亚两部叙事长诗之一；

另一部是《鲁克丽丝受辱记》(TheRapeofLucrece)o

25.TherescuepIanrecentIyapprovedbytheAmericangovernmentofthecurrentAm

ericanfinanciaIstormremindsusoftheEmergencyBankingActpresentedbyPresi

dentRooseveItinhis.

AxAmendmentV.

B、BiIIofRights

GMarshalIPIan

D、NewDeaI

答案：D

解析：1933年，为了解决经济大萧条的问题，美国总统罗斯福实施了一系列政

策措施，史称新政(NewDeal)；其中他要求国会于3月9日举行特别会议审议

《紧急银行法》(theEmergencyBankingAct),该法于当天迅速通过；新政并没

有结束大萧条，但有效地是经济状况得到了改善。

26.IfeItsomewhatdisappointedandwasabouttoIeave,somethingoccurred

whichattractedmyattention.

AxunIess

Bvwhen

C、untiI

D、while

答案：B

解析:句意:正当我感到有些沮丧准备离开时,发生的一件事吸引了我的注意力。

when引导时间状语从句。

27.Hermotherisoneoftherepresentativesof()feminism.

Avvital

B、fundamentaI

C、radicaI

D、basic

答案：c

解析：考查形容词辨析。A项指“至关重要的；生死攸关的；有活力的”，B项

指“基本的，根本的”，C项指“激进的；根本的；彻底的”，D项指“基本的;

基础的"。将四项代入句中可知，c项最符合题意。故本题选C。句意：她母亲

是激进派女权主义的代表之一。

28.WhowrotetheDecIarationofIndependenceandIaterbecamethell.S.Presiden

t?

AxThomasJefferson.

BxGeorgeWashington.

C、ThomasPaine.

D、JohnAdams.

答案：A

解析：ThomasJefferson是美国第三任总统（18017809）,写过《独立宣言》；

GeorgeWashington（乔治・华盛顿）是美国第一任总统（1789T797）；Thomas

Paine（托马斯•潘恩）是美国思想家、作家、政治活动家等；JohnAdams（约翰•亚

当斯），是美国第二任总统（1797—1801）。所以正确答案为A项。

29.Britaindoesn1tshareanyIandborderwithanyothercountriesexcept.

A、theRepubIicofIreIand

B、France

C、Iceland

DxNorway

答案：A

解析：英国位于大不列颠群岛，被北海、英吉利海峡'凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大

西洋包围，仅与同属大不列颠群岛的爱尔兰共和国接壤。

30.Thoughmyauntpursuedwhatwas,inthosedays,anenIightenedpolicyshe

neveraIIowedherdomesticstafftoworkmorethaneighthoursaday,shewasextrem

eIydifficuIttopIease.

Axfromwhich

B、inthat

Cxwithwhom

D、bywhat

答案：B

解析：句意：虽然我姑姑遵循当时的开明政策，因为她从来不允许自己的员工每

天工作超过八小时，但是想讨她开心很难。inthat因为，由于，既然。这里表

示因果关系，因此其他选项不合适。

31.TheUNputthe()forwardsoastobettercopewiththetensesituationintheMidd

IeEast.

Axconference

B、summit

Cvrally

D、seminar

答案：A

解析：考查名词辨析。联合国提前召开会议，以便更好地应对中东地区的紧张局

势。

32.AustraIiacanbedividedintothreebigregions,whichofthefoIlowingisnot

incIuded?()

AxTheGreatDividingRange

BxTheMurray

C、TheCentraILowIands

D、TheWesternPIateau

答案：B

解析：考查澳大利亚地理。澳大利亚可分为三大区域，分别为A项TheGreatDiv

idingRange（大分水岭），C项TheCentraILowIands（中央低地）和D项TheWester

nPIateau（西部高原），B项TheMurray（墨累河）不符合题意,它只是澳大利亚的

一条河流。

33.MysonfaiIedtoebackIastnight.ThismormingthepoIicecametoourhouseand（）

myworstfearsthathewasinjuredinacaraccident.

Axadvocated

B、confirmed

Cxpromised

D、insured

答案：B

解析：考查动词辨析。句意：我儿子昨晚没回来。今天早上警察来到我们家，证

实了我最担心的事情，他在车祸中受伤了。advocate“提倡”，confirm"证实，

确认”，promise“承诺”，insure"上保险，投保”。前面说儿子昨晚

没回来，“我”在担心他的安危，这是一种猜测与不确定性，而警察的到来，则

使这种不确定性得到了证实。

34.hermothersheaIwaysturnsforadviceincriticalmoments.

A、By

B、For

C、On

D、To

答案：D

解析：turnto求助于。turnon开启。

35.WhichofthefoIlowingwordsismadeupofboundmorphemesonIy?()

AxHappiness

B、Television

C、EcoIogy

D、Teacher

答案：C

解析：考查黏着语素。题干为：四个选项中哪个单词只是由黏着语素boundmorp

hemes构成的。happiness是由happy和-ness构成，television是由teIe-和v

ision两部分构成，teacher是由teach和-er构成。前面三个单词都有自由词

素happy,vision和teach,只有ecology是由eco-和-Iogy两个黏着语素组成

的，因为它们无法单独使用。

36.NPand()areessentiaIponentsofasentence.

A、VP

B、PP

C、AP

D、aIIoftheabove

答案：A

解析：考查语义知识。名词短语和动词短语是句子的基本成分，它们是构成句子

的重要部分。

37.EveryproductbeforeitissoId.

Axneedstoexamine

Bxneedstohaveexamined

C、wantsexamining

D、wantstoexam

答案：c

解析：在need,want,require,demand,deserve等动词后面习惯上用动名词

的主动语态，但实际上表示被动语态的含义。这些词的后面也可接动词不定式,

但必须用动词不定式的被动形式。

38.HisdaughterwasatohimduringhisiIIness.

Axprop

B、propeIIer

C、spindle

D、curb

答案：A

解析：prop支柱，支撑，倚靠人。propeIler螺旋桨，推进器。spindIe纺锤,

心轴。curb勒马绳。

39.IndeveIopingcountries,atIeastl6citiesareexpectedtohavemoretha

n12miIIionpeopIebytheendofthisdecade,faiIingtogiveprioritytopubI

ictransportwouIdbedisastrous.

Axwhere;each

B、which;/

Cxthat,everyone

D、inwhich;anyone

答案：A

解析：句意：在发展中国家，这个十年末至少有16个城市人口将超过120万，

没有确定公共交通的优先权将导致惨重的后果。第一个空格处是一个定语从句，

由于先行词是国家，故应用where引导，故A项正确。

40.TheIittlegirIwaIkedoverthebrokengIasssothatshewouIdnotgethur

t.

Axconfidently

B、steaIthily

CvwariIy

D、secretively

答案：C

解析：句意：为了避免被玻璃扎到，小姑娘小心翼翼地从碎玻璃上迈过去。war

ily留心地，小心地。confidently信赖地，安心地。steaIthiIy暗地里，鬼鬼

祟祟地。secretiveIy秘密地。

41.SyntaxreIationscanbeanaIysedintothreekinds,nameIy,positionaIreIati

ons,reIationsofsubstitutabiIityandreIationsof.

A、coherence

B、unity

C、co-occurrence

Dxreference

答案：c

解析：句法关系包括位置关系，替代关系以及同现关系。

42.We'IInevergettothestationontimewerunasfastaswecan.

Axincase

B、evenif

Cxprovidedthat

D、ifonIy

答案：B

解析：句意：即使我们跑得再快也无法准时到达车站。evenif即使。incase假

使。providedthat如果。ifordy要是多好呀,常用于虚拟语气中,表达人

的一种愿望。A、C、D这三个选项都用来引导条件状语从句，只有evenif引导

让步状语从句。所以只有B选项符合题意。

43.TheBritishmonarchistheHeadof.

A、ParIiament

B、Government

C、State

D、Cabinet

答案：C

解析：本题考察的是英国的政治体制。英国女王是国家的官方首脑，但她的权力

大部分都只是象征意义上的。

44.SinceGeorgewastheonIy,hereceivedaIargeamountofmoneywhenhisunc

Iedied.

Axheir

Bvfoe

C、ally

D、opponent

答案：A

解析：heir继承人。foe仇敌。ally盟友，同盟国。opponent对手。

45.Thefifth-generationputers,withartificialinteIIigence,()andperfec

tednow.

A、deveIoped

B、havedeveIoped

CxarebeingdeveIoped

DxwiIIhavebeendeveIoped

答案：C

解析：考查进行时的被动语态。空格处动词应用被动语态，首先排除A、B两项。

C、D两项的区别在于时态不同，根据句尾的now可知，应选择进行时，因此C

项符合要求。故本题选c。句意：人工智能的第五代计算机目前正在被开发和完

善中。

46.AccordingtotheOfficiaILanguageofActofCanada,therearetwoofficiaIla

nguagesinCanada,theyare()

AxEnglishandSpanish

BxEnglishandPortuguese

C、EnglishandFrench

D、EnglishandCeltic

答案：c

解析：考查加拿大官方语言。加拿大官方语言为英语和法语。

47.My()yourproposaIspeaksvoIumesformywill.

A、consentto

B、consentwith

Cxhatredof

D、admissionof

答案：A

解析：考查形容词+介词词组。A项指“对……的赞同”，B项无此搭配，C项指

“对……的憎恶”，D项指“承认”。将四个选项代入句中可知，A项符合句意。

故本题选A。句意：我对你提案的认可证明了我的友善。

48.hastheIargestIandareaofaIIthestates,andhasthesmaIIestIan

darea.

AxAlaska;Hawaii

B、Alaska;Rhodelsland

CxTexas;Hawaii

D、Texas;RhodeIsIand

答案：B

解析：阿拉斯加和罗德岛分别是美国面积最大和最小的州。

49.Themachineheoriginatedandperfectedhasnomodernorancientprototy

pe-

A、successor

B、ancestor

Cxforefather

D、predecessor

答案：D

解析：predecessor前任；(被取代的)原有事物。successor接任者。ancest

or祖先。forefather祖先。

50.WhichofthefoIIowingsoundsdoesnotbeIongtotheaIIomorphsoftheEngIishp

IuraImorpheme?()

A、[s]

B、[iz]

G[ai]

D、[is]

答案：c

解析：考查语言学词素。题干为：下列哪个音不属于英语复数词素的同态？A项

［s］xB项［iz］和D项［is］均可以作为英语复数的词素，只有C项［ai］不符合条

件。

51.TheprofessorcouIdhardIyfindsufficientgroundshisargumentsinfav

orofthenewtheory.

Axonwhichtobase

B、whichtobaseon

C、tobaseon

D、tobebasedon

答案：A

解析：句意：教授难以找到充足的论据来证明他赞成新理论的论点。此句中的先

行词which在从句中作baseon的宾语，此处考查的是名词+介词+which/whom+

动词不定式结构的定语从句。

52.IcouIdnotunderstandwhysheactedso.

A、dociIeIy

B、obstinately

CxperverseIy

D、pliablely

答案：c

解析：perversely任性地。docilely温顺地。obstinateIy固执地，顽固地。p

Iiablely易弯地。

53.UnfortunateIy,heatthehospitaIbeforeI.

Axhasdied;wentthere

Bxhaddied;arrived

C、died;hadbeenthere

D、wasdying;hadgone

答案：B

解析：句意：我一收到祖父病重的消息就出发了。不幸的是在我到达医院之前他

就去世了。根据题意第一个空格处应该用过去完成时，表示过去的过去，所以B

项正确。

54.ThesergeantisaImostmotherIytotheyoungrecruits,tothoseinfants.

AxespeciaIIy

B、kindly

CxprotectiveIy

Dxgreatly

答案：A

解析：especially尤其。kindly和善地。protectiveIy保护性地。greatly极

大地。

55.IfonIyshehadknownthatthewarshipswereconstructedofthepoorestmateria

Is,,thecannonwithoutgunpowder.

A、whichwasbest

B、whatwasworse

C、thatwasbetter

Dxasmentioned

答案：B

解析：句意：如果她知道战舰是用劣质材料造成的，以及更糟糕的是，大炮没有

火药这种情况的话那该多好啊。这里采用的是插入语，与前面用劣质材料造战舰

相比较，只有B项符合题意。

56.TheauthorofthereportisweIIwiththeprobIemsinthehospitaIbecause

hehasbeenworkingthereformanyyears.

A、enIightened

B、informed

Cxadvertised

Dxacquainted

答案：D

解析：acquaint对...熟悉或了解。enlighten启蒙，启发。inform通知，告

诉。advertise登广告。

57.referstoreIationsofmeaningthatexistwithinthetext,andthatdefin

eitasatext.

AxAgreement

B、Cohesion

CxRecursiveness

D、Embedding

答案：B

解析：本题考查衔接的定义。衔接机制又叫做衔接手段，指把话语的前后部分联

系起来的语言成分,而所谓衔接就是指语义联系，把几个句子在语义上联系起来。

58.CountIessdivorcedpoIiticianswouIdhavebeeneIectedoutofofficeyearsag

ohadtheyeventhoughtofadivorce,IetaIoneone.

Axgetting

B、toget

C、gotten

D、get

答案:C

解析：句意：无数离婚的政治家过去如果想到离婚就会落选，更不要说真的离婚

了。Ietalone连接两个并列的成分，本句中省略了had。

59.WhichofthefoIIowingisafeatureofBritisheducationasawhoIe?

A、Educationischaotic.

B、Educationisveryexpensive.

C、EducationishighIycentraIized.

DxEducationisratherindependentandenjoysagreatdeaIoffreedom.

答案:D

解析：英国教育具有自由化的特点，集中体现在实行学校的地方管理措施。选项

D正确。

60.WhyaresomanypartymemberseIectedtoParIiamentineachEIectioninBritai

n?

AxBecausepartymembersusuaIIyenjoybetterreputation.

B、Becausepartymembershavemoreexperienceinformingagovernment.

CxBecausepartymembershavethebackingofnationwideorganizations.

D、BecausepeopIetrustpartymemberstoagreaterdegree.

答案：D

解析：英国大选是指英国选举最高立法机构英国国会议员的选举；英国实行两党

制，在国会议员中占多数的党的领袖成为首相。选举候选人大部分是某政党的成

员，大多数英国选民根据候选人的党派，而不是其个人品质或主张来投票选择。

不定项选择（总共40题）

1.FiImhaspropertiesthatsetitapartfrompainting,scuIpture,noveIs,andpIa

ys.Itisalso,initsmostpopuIarandpowerfuIform,astoryteIIingmediumthatsh

aresmanyeIementswiththeshortstoryandthenoveI.AndsincefiImpresentsitss

toriesindramaticform,ithasevenmoreinmonwiththestagepIay:BothpIaysandm

oviesactoutordramatize,showratherthanteII,whathappens.UnIikethenoveI,

shortstory,orpIay,however,fiImisnothandytostudy;itcannotbeeffectiveIy

frozenontheprintedpage.ThenoveIandshortstoryarerelativelyeasytostudyb

ecausetheyarewrittentoberead.ThestageplayisslightIymoredifficuIttostu

dybecauseitiswrittentobeperformed.ButpIaysareprinted,andbecausetheyre

IyheaviIyonthespokenword,imaginativereaderscanconjureupatIeastapaleim

itationoftheexperiencetheymighthavebeenwatchingaperformanceonstage.Th

iscannotbesaidofthescreenpIay,forafiImdependsgreatIyonvisuaIandothern

onvisuaIeIementsthatarenoteasiIyexpressedinwriting.ThescreenpIayrequi

ressomuch“fillingin“byourimaginationthatwecannotreaIIyapproximateth

eexperienceofafiImbyreadingascreenpIay,andreadingascreenpIayisworthwh

iIeonIyifwehaveaIreadyseenthefiIm.Thus,mostscreenpIaysarepubIishednot

toreadbutrathertoberemembered.StiII,fiImshouIdnotbeignoredbecausestud

yingitrequiresextraeffort.AndthefactthatwedonotgeneraIIy"read"films

doesnotmeanweshouIdignoretheprincipIesofIiteraryordramaticanaIysiswhe

nweseeafiIm.LiteratureandfiImsdosharemanyeIementsandmunicatemanything

sinsimiIarways.PerceptivefiImanaIysisrestsontheprincipIesusedinIitera

ryanalysis,andifweappIywhatwehaveIearnedinthestudyofIiteraturetoouran

aIysisoffiIms,wewiIIbefaraheadofthosewhodonot.Therefore,beforeweturnt

otheuniqueeIementsoffiIm,weneedtoIookintotheeIementsthatfiImshareswit

hanygoodstory.DividingfiImintoitsvariouseIementsforanalysisisasomewha

tartificiaIprocess,fortheeIementsofanyartformneverexistinisoIation.It

isimpossible,forexampIe,toisolatepIotfromcharacter:EventsinfIuencepeo

pIe,andpeopIeinfIuenceevents;thetwoareaIwayscIoseIyinterwoveninanyfic

tionaI,dramatic,orcinematicwork.NevertheIess,theanalyticalmethodusess

uchafragmentingtechniqueforeaseandconvenience.Butitdoessowiththeassum

ptionthatwecanstudytheseeIementsinisoIationwithoutIosingsightoftheiri

nterdependenceortheirreIationshiptothewhoIe.FromthethirdparagraphweIe

arnthat.

AxthemeansbywhichweanaIyzeaIiteraryworkcannotbeappIiedtofiImanalysis

B、agoodfiImandagoodstoryhavemanyeIementsinmon

C、weshouIdnotpayextraefforttostudyfiIms

D、usingtheprincipIesofIiteraryanaIysismakesnodifferenceinfiImanaIysi

答案：B

角星析：第三段第三句：LiteratureandfiImsdosharemanyeIementsandmunicatem

anythingsinsimilarways明确表明，电影和文学作品有很多共同点，文学作品

的分析方法对电影分析也有一定的帮助。

2.GotmiIk?Ifyoudo,takeamomenttoponderthetrueoddnessofbeingabIetodrink

milkafteryouJreababy.Nootherspeciesbuthumanscan.Andmosthumanscan,te

ither.TheIongIistsoffoodaIIergiessomepeopIecIaimtohavecanmakeitseemas

ifthey'rejustfinickyeaterstryingtorationaIizeIikesanddisIikes.Notso.

Eggs,peanuts,treenuts,fish,sheIIfishsoyandgIutenaIIcanwreakhavoconthe

immunesystemofaIIergicindividuaIs,evencausingadeadIyreactioncaIIedana

phyIaxis.ButthoseaIIergicreactionsarereIativeIyrare,affectinganestima

ted4%ofaduIts.Milk,sdifferent.TherearepeopIewhohavetruemiIkailergies

thatcancausedeadIyreactions.ButmostpeopIewhohavebadreactionstomiIkare

n'tactuaIIyaIIergictoit,inthatit'snottheirimmunesystemthat,srespon

dingtothemiIk.Instead,peopIewhoareIactoseintoIerantcanJtdigestthemai

nsugar—Iactose一foundinmilk.InnormaIhumans,theenzymethatdoesso一Iact

ase—stopsbeingproducedwhenthepersonisbetweentwoandfiveyearsoId.Theun

digestedsugarsendupinthecoIon,wheretheybegintoferment,producinggastha

tcancausecramping,bloating,nausea,fIatuIenceanddiarrhea.Ifyou5reAmer

icanorEuropeanishardtoreaIizethis,butbeingabIetodigestmiIkasanaduI

tisoneweirdgeneticadaptation.It5snotnormaI.SomewhatIessthan40%ofpeop

IeintheworIdretaintheabiIitytodigestIactoseafterchiIdhood.Thenumbersa

reoftengivenascIosetoO%ofNativeAmericans,5%ofAsians,25%ofAfricanandCa

ribbeanpeopIes,50%ofMediterraneanpeopIesand90%ofnorthernEuropeans.Swe

denhasoneoftheworId'shighestpercentagesofIactasetoIerantpeopIe.Being

abIetodigestmiIkissostrangethatscientistssayweshouIdn'treaIIyealilac

toseintoIeranceadisease,becausethatpresumesit'sabnormaI,instead,they

caIIi11actasepersistence,indicatingwhat5sreaIIyweirdistheabiIitytoco

ntinuetodrinkmiIk.There5sbeenaIotofresearchoverthepastdecadeIookinga

tthegeneticmutationthataIIowsthissubsetofhumanitytostaymiIkdrinkersin

toaduIthood.AIong-heIdtheorywasthatthemutationshowedupfirstinNorthern

Europe,wherepeopIegotIessvitaminDfromthesunandthereforedidbetterifthe

ycouIdaIsogetthecruciaIhormone(it'snotreaIIyavitaminataII)frommiIk.B

utnowagroupatllniversityCoIIegeLondonhasshownthatthemutationactuaIIyap

pearedabout7,500yearsagoindairyfarmerswhoIivedinaregionbetweenthecent

raIBaIkansandeentraIEurope,inwhatwasknownastheFunneIBeakercuIture.The

paperwaspubIishedthisweekinPLOSputationaIBiology.Theresearchersusedap

utertomodeIthespreadofIactasepersistence,dairyfarming,otherfoodgather

ingpracticesandgenesinEurope.Today,thehighestproportionofpeoplewithla

ctasepersistenceIiveinNorthwestEurope,especiaIIytheNetherIands,Irelan

dandScandinavia.ButtheputermodeIsuggeststhatdairyfarmerscarryingthisg

enevariantprobabIyoriginatedincentraIEuropeandthenspreadmorewideIyand

rapidIythannon-dairyinggroups.AuthorMarkThomasofUniversityCoIIegeLond

on'sdeptofGenetics,EvoIutionandEnvironmentsays,“InEurope,asingIegen

eticchange...isstrongIyassociatedwithIactasepersistenceandappearstoha

vepeoplewithitabigsurvivaIadvantage.nTheEuropeanmutationisdifferentf

romseveraIIactasepersistencegenesassociatedwithsmaIIpopuIationsofAfri

canpeopIeswhohistoricaIIyhavebeencattIeherders.Researchersatthellniver

sityofMaryIandidentifiedonesuchmutationamongNiIo-Saharan-speakingpeop

IesinKenyaandTanzania.Thatmutationseemstohavearisenbetween2,700to6,80

Oyearsago.TwoothermutationshavebeenfoundamongtheBejapeopIeofnortheast

ernSudanandtribesofthesameIanguagefamilyinnorthernKenya.Accordingtoth

ethirdsentenceofParagraphs,whichofthefoIlowingiternsisINCORRECT?

A、AnaphyIaxismaycausepeopIetodie.

B、EggscandamageaIItheaIIergicindividuaIs5immunesystem.

C、OnewhoisaIIergictogIutencannoteat.

D、TunamaycauseapersonwhoisaIlergictofishtodie.

答案：B

解析：第三段最后一句指出，鸡蛋等食物可能对过敏体质的人造成严重破坏，并

没有说人人都是如此。B项错误。

3.AcIoserobserverofthesmaIIscreenoncecaIledita“vastwasteIandofviolen

ce,sadismandmurder,privateeyes,gangstersandmorevioIence-andcartoons.5,

ThatishowNewtonMinow,allStelevisionreguIator,describeditin1961.Sinceth

antelevisionlanguagehasbeemorecoIourfuI,violencemoreexpIicitandsexmor

eprevaIent.?LadyChatterIey,sLoverhasmovedfromthebannedbooksheIftoacI

assicBBCseriaI.ConcernoversuchchangingstandardshasshapedourviewofteIe

vision一andmaskeditsbroaderinfIuenceindeveIopingcountries.ToiIIustrat

eitseffects,KennycitesthecaseofBraziI.Whentelevisiontherebegantoshowa

steadydietofIocaIsoapsinthe1970s,BraziIianwomentypicaIIyhadfiveormore

chiIdrenandweretrappedinpoverty.AsthepopuIarityofthesoapsgrew,birthra

tesfeIIAccordingtoresearchers,72%oftheIeadingfemaIecharactersinthemai

nsoapshadnochiIdrenandonIy7%hadmorethanone.OnestudycaIcuIatedthatsuch

soapshadthesameeffectonfertiIityratesaskeepinggirIsinschooIforfiveyea

rsmorethannormaI.Itisnotjustbirthratesthatareaffected.Kennynotes:"Ki

dswhowatchTVoutofschooI,accordingtoaWorIdBanksurveyofyoungpeopIeinthe

shantytownsofFortaIezainBraziI,areconsiderabIyIessIikeIytoconsumedrug

s.Televisionappearstohavemorepowertoreduceyouthdrugusethanthestrict

uresofaneducatedmotherandBraziIiansoapspresentingeducatedurbanwomanru

nningtheirownbusinessesarethoughttobepeIIingroIemodeIs.TeIevisioncana

IsoimproveheaIth,InGhanaasoapoperaIinethatwarnedmotherstheywerefeedin

gtheirchiIdrenumorethanjustriceniftheydidnotwashtheirhandsafterdefe

catingwasfoIIowedbyaseemingIypermanentimprovementinpersonaIhygiene.Wh

ydosuchchangeshappen?SimpIe,saysKenny:soapoperas,whetherIocaIversions

ofllgIyBettyorvintageimportsofBaywatch,openupnewhorizons.uSomehoursco

uIdhebetterspoutpIantingtrees,heIpingoIdladiesacrosstheroadorpIayingc

ricket,hesaid.uButwatchingTVexposespeopIetonewideasanddifferentpeo

pIe.WiththatwiIIegreateropportunity,growingequaIityandabetterundersta

ndingoftheworId.Notbad.,JWhatisthemeaningof“mask"inthethirdparagrap

h?

A、suggest

B、cover

C、discover

DxreveaI

答案:B

解析：mask是“掩盖，掩饰”的意思。第三段意思为：这种变化的标准影响了

人们对电视的看法，而且掩盖了其对于发展中国家的更广泛的影响。

4.StudentsofUnitedStateshistory,seekingtoidentifythecircumstancesthat

encouragedtheemergenceoffeministmovements,havethoroughIyinvestigatedt

hemid-nineteenth-centuryAmericaneconomicandsociaIconditionsthataffect

edthestatusofwomen.Thesehistorians,however,haveanaIyzedIessfuIIythede

veIopmentofspecificalIyfeministideasandactivitiesduringthesameperiod.

Furthermore,theideologicaloriginsoffeminisminthellnitedStateshavebeeno

bscuredbecause,evenwhenhistoriansdidtakeintoaccountthosefeministideas

andactivitiesoccurringwithinthellnitedStates,theyfaiIedtorecognizethat

feminismwasthenatruIyinternationaImovementactuaIIycenteredinEurope.Am

ericanfeministactivis