新视野大学英语II(强化练习)

单元练习ofthemgoesastepfurther.

UnitOneA)hostilityB)distinctionC)acquisitionD)hospitality

PartIVocabulary14.Thecountry'squickfromtheeffectsof(hewarwaspartlyduetoa

SectionAfavorableclimateoftheworldeconomy.

Directions:Eachofthefollowingsentencesisprovidedwithfourchoices.ChooseA)recoveryB)discoveryC)consequenceD)isolation

theonethatbestcompletesthesentenceorthatbestexplainsthe15.Hehasconsiderabledifficultyeveninmemorizingfactsthatare______

underlinedpart.everyschool-boy.

1.I'mafraidIcan'tyouonthepointyou'vebeentalkingaboutforsoA)familiarwithB)familiartoC)abundantinD)compared

long.to

A)talkwithB)gowithC)agreeD)match16.Judingfromhisresponsetothestress,Idon'tthinkhehasfullyappreciated

2.Ihavenomoneytospend,youhavenothingtospendmoneyon.thedangeroussituationhe'sin.

A)whereasB)whereuponC)althoughD)whereA)bethankfultoB)understandandenjoy

3.ProfessorWheelockisalearnedscholar,Ishouldsay.ButIreallyfinditC)increaseinvalueD)understandfully

difficulttounderstandhisbooks,islectures.17.Itisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatreallycounts.

A)muchmoreB)muchlessC)evenlessD)stilllessA)beimportantB)consider;regard

4.Ididn'tevenfindachanceiotalktohimatthedinnerparty,todir,C)saythenumbersinorderD)include

cussyourproblemwithhim.18.lbourgreatamazementwehavebeenhearingfavorableaccountsofyour

A)muchmoreB)manymoreC)muchlessD)moreworkherefrombothyourcolleaguesandyoursubordinates.

thanA)givingorshowingagreementB)helpful;advantageous

5.Indiscussingthemarketingstrategyforthecomingyear,IshouldliketoC)mostlikedD)kindandgenerous

drawevery-body'sattentiontothefactthatretailing68percentofour19.Socialworkersnotethatthedistinctionsofbirtharelessimportantthanthey

profitthisyear.usedtobe.

A)chargesforB)resultsinC)bringsaboutD)accountsforA)specialelementoruniquequalityB)differenceorcontrast

6.theobscurenatureofthechargeagainstme,IfeelsurethatifIhadC)qualityofexcellenceD)specialmarkorhonor

comefromapoorfamilyandhadreallybeenunemployed,thereisevery20.Tlieritualhouseholddutiesarealwaysconsideredadrearygrind,forefforts

chancethatIhesearegenerallynotappreciated.

A)GiventhatB)ProvidedthaiC)GivenD)ProvidedA)conventionalB)habitualC)regularD)routine

withSectionB

7.IsincerelyhopethatyouwillnottakemynegativeremarksaboutyourDirections:Fillintheblankswiththewordsorexpressionsgivenbelow.Change

proposal.Thereisnothingpersonalinmycomment.theformwherenecessary.

A)personallyB)privatelyC)inpersonD)inprivaterecognitiongowithdesirableaccountfbrfulfill

8.It'sstillimpossibletothefullvalueofthisinvention,whichisnotincreasingly

onlyfinancialbutalsointellectual.distressacquisitionconductcompetentreplacemechanism

A)accessB)assessC)assetD)assume1.AgreatleapforwardintheofhumanknowledgeoccuiTed

9.Byallowingtaxdeductionthatfavorssmallandmedium-sizedprivatewiththeinventionofmovabletypeinthefifteenthcenturybyGutenbergand

enterprises,thegovernmenthopestothecurrentcrisisintheothers.

employmentmarket.2.Themanchargedwithmurdercouldn't(hefactthathe

A)alleviateB)accelerateC)strengthenD)recoverhappenedtobeatthesceneofthecrime.

10.Divorceisnotnecessarilythebestsolutionwhenacouplelearningto3.Ourcompanywasingreatfinancialwhenagenerous

eachotherfinddifficultyindoingso.loanfromthebankbroughtitthrough.

A)copewithB)gothroughC)competewithD)adjustto4.Inthisarticle,theauthortriestoawakenpeopletotheof

11.Iventuretosaythatthepresentover-heatedeconomyisnothingbutathepotentialdangerofanover-heatedeconomy.

ofthelossofcontrolofthegovernmentoverdomesticsituation.5.Mfeallthinkthatheshouldhavebeensatisfied,havingso

A)symbolB)sampleC)symptomD)signalmanyofhischiId-hooddreams.

12.Anythingwouldbetohavingherwithusforthewholeweek!6.Ihavecometorealizethateveryrightitcorresponding

A)advisableB)preferableC)desirableD)favorableresponsibilities.

13.Overthepastfiveyears,tensionhasbeenbuildinguptoanopen7.Peoplearebecomingawareoftheurgencyandsignificanceof

betweenthetwocountries,andawarseemstobeaninevitableresultffeitherprotectingournaturalenvironment.

8.Weareasurveyintopeople'sreactionstothenewpolicyofC)onaccountofD)byallaccounts

thelocalgovernment.15.Hexaccountofthebreakdownofhermarriagewasafamiliarstorythe

9.Wilhavetoyouifyoufailtoproveyourselfpsychiatrist.

forthisposition,regardlessofwhereandhowyoucamehere.A)withB)toC)onD)for

10.Amaster'sdegreeisbutnotessentialforthisjob.16.Thecourtisnothearyourcase.

PartIIStructureA)competentforB)competenttoC)capableofD)ableto

Directions:Foreachofthefollowingincompletesentences,therearefourchoices17.Icouldseethatmywifewashavingthatfurcoat,whetherIapproved

markedA),B),C),andD).Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletestheofitornot.

sentence.A)intentonB)adequatefbrC)shortofD)deficientin

1.There'snocomparisonbetweenthem,oneclearlymuchbetterthan18.EachyearintheUnitedStates,manyblackteenagersofschool,either

theother.be­

A)beingB)wasC)beD)havingbeencausetheycannotkeepuportheyhavetoworktosupporttheirfamilies.

2.,wemustremaincheerfifl.A)gooutB)checkoutC)dropoutD)pullout

A)WhatmaycomeB)MaywhatcomeC)ComewhatmayD)Come19.Thetrainislate,andIcandonothingbut.

whatevermayA)waitB)waitingC)awaitD)towait

3.Thebravesoldierwould___yieldtosuchanenemy.20.Timcannotbut_____hissupervisortohelphimsolvethedifficultyhehasin

A)assoondieasB)soonerdiethandoingtheproject.

C)assoonerdiethanD)soondieasmuchA)toaskB)askC)askingD)asked

4.By1990,Australiahadthanithadpeople.

A)15timessheepB)15timesmoresheepPartIIIReadingComprehension

C)15moretimessheepD)15timessheepmoreDirections:Inthispart(herearefourpassagesfollowedbysomequests,eachwith

5.fairlyrecentlythatthisproblemwassolved,atleastpartially.foursuggestedchoices.Choosetheoneyouthinkistheanswer.

A)UntilB)NotuntilC)ItwasuntilD)ItwasnotuntilPassage1

6.Itisreportedthat___adoptedchildrenwanttoknowwhotheirnaturalTheterm"cultureshock"hasalreadybeguntocreepintothepopular

parentsvocabulary.Cultureshockistheeffectthatimmersioninastrangeculturehason

theunpreparedvisitorCultureshockiswhathappenswhenatravelersuddenly

A)themostB)mostofC)mostD)themostfindshimselfinaplacewhereyesmaymeanno,wherea"fixedprice"isnegotiable,

7.Nemustsavemoneybeforewecanthinkofbuyinganewhouse.wheretobekeptwaitinginanouterofficeforinsult,wherelaughtermaysignify

A)moreverymuchB)verymoremuchC)muchverymoreD)verymuchanger.Itiswhathappenswhenthefamiliarpsychologicalcuesthathelpan

moreindividualtofunctioninsocietyaresuddenlywithdrawnandreplacedbynewones

8.rightnow,shewouldgetthereonSunday.thatarestrangeorincomprehensible.

A)WouldsheleaveB)IfsheleavesThecultureshockphenomenonaccountsformuchofthebewilderment,

C)WereshetoleaveD)Ifshehadleftfrustration,anddisorientation(hatplaguesAmericanintheirdealingswithother

9.Theplantisdead.Iitmorewater.societies.Ilcausesabreakdownincommunication,amisreadingofreality,an

A)willgiveB)wouldhavegiveninabilitytocope.Yetcultureshockisrelativelymildincomparisonwiththemuch

C)mustgiveD)shouldhavegivenmoreseriousmalady,futureshock.Futureshockisthedizzyingdisorientation

10.moreattention,theflowerscouldhavegrownbetter.broughtonbytheprematurearrivalofthefuture.Itmaywellbethemostimportant

A)GivenB)TbgiveC)GivingD)Havinggivendiseaseoftomorrow.

11.Responsibilitygoesbecomingafather.Takeanindividualoutofhisowncultureandsethimdownsuddenlyinan

A)forB)withC)onD)aRerenvironmentsharplydifferentfromhisown.withadiflerenlsetofcuestoreact

12.Hissuccessisentirelytohardwork.to-differentconceptionsoftime,space,work,love,religion,sexandeverything

A)dueB)attributeC)oweD)goelse-thancuthimofffromanyhopeofretreattoamorefamiliarsociallandscape,

13.1can'tattendthemeeting____,butI'msendingsomeonetospeakforme.andthedislocationhesuffersisdoublysevere.Moreover,ifthisnewcultureis

A)inthepersonB)inpersonC)personalD)itselfinconstantturmoil,andif—worseyet—itsvaluesareincessantlychanging,the

personablesenseofdisorientationwillbestillfurtherintensified.Givenfewcuesastowhat

14.Thedefendantcouldn'tthefactthatthemoneywasfoundinhishouse.kindofbehaviorisrationalundertheradicallynewcircumstances,thevictimmay

A)onhisownaccountB)accountforwellbecomeahazardiohimselfandothers.

2

Nowimaginenotmerelyanindividualbutanentiresociety,anentirethepalate,andbeingreadyforthecheese.WhyAmericanseattheirsaladfirstis

generation—includingitsweakest,leastintelligent,andmostirrationaluncertain.Thefollowingjokingsuggestionsmightmakesense:thecustommaybe

members-suddenlytransportedintothisnewworld.Theresultismassrelatedtotheslimmingcraze,for"saladfirst"mayfillyouupwithoutanyworry

disorientation,futureshockonagrandscale.aboutfattening;toavoidcustomers'impatiencewithwaiting,therestaurantserves

Thisistheprospectthatmannowfaces.Changeisavalanchinguponoursaladfirsttokeepthembusywhilethemaincoursesarebeingprepared:eatingraw

headsandmostpeopleareabsurdlyunpreparedtocopewithit.foodwhileoneiswaitingforthecookedfoodmaybeawayofannouncingthatone

I.Cultureshockoccurs.isnotwastingtime,whichisseenasavirtue;orprobablyunfairtotherestaurant,

A)whereonecanconductnegotiationsforgoods,offixedpricesthiscustomhasbeenencouragedbythemerchantasatrick—themeagrenessofa

B)wherepeopleexpressideasandemotionscontrarytowhattheyintendtomealislessnoticeableifitcomesaftex"flee"salad-afterall,rabbitfoodismuch

expresscheaperthantherabbit.

C)whenvaluestandardsaresodifferentthatoneisunabletomakehisown1.InAmericanrestaurants,peopleareusuallyservedintheorderof.

judgmentA)soup,salad,maincourse,'drinksanddessert

D)whenonelosesallhopeofreturningtohishomeenvironmentB)drinks,salad,maincourse,soupanddessert

2.Onethingthatisincommonbetween"cultureshock"and"futureshock"istheC)drinks,soup,salad,maincourseanddessert

D)drinks,soup,maincourse,saladanddessert

A)constanlturmoilofthenewcultureitself2.Before(hemiddleofthenineteenthcentury,.

B)absenceofapopularvocabularyA)Americansatethesaladbeforethemaincourse

C)constantandradicalchangesB)Americansatethesaladafterthemaincourse

D)bewildermentandfrustrationofthevictimsC)Americansatethesaladeitherbeforeorafterthemaincourse

3.Itseemsthatonegoodmeasuretopreventfutureshockisforpeopleto.D)Americansdidn'teatthesaladatall

A)cherishmorehopeforthefuture3.Thesentence"Americanspreferredtogettheirgreensindirectly,aftertheyhad

B)replaceconventionalideaswithmodemonesbeenprocessedbyrabbitsordeer"(Line3,Para.2)means

C)trytoundersoldwhatishappeningandprepareforthechangesA)Americanspreferredtoeatvegetablescookedwithrabbitsordeer

D)takeacloserlookathowpeopleinotherculturesbehaveB)Americanspreferredvegetablesdigestedbyrabbitsordeer

4.Thispassagewasprobablywrittento.C)Americanspreferredmeattovegetables

A)warnpeopletodayagainstwhatmayhappentomonowD)Americanspreferredvegetablestomeat

B)prcparetravelersfortheunfamiliarenvironments4.Inthelastsentenceofthepassage,"rabbitfood"refersto.

C)helppsychologistsunderstandcertainirrationalbehaviorbelterA)thesaladB)foodmadeofrabbitmeal

DjenablesociologiststopredictmoreaccuratelywhatwillhappentomankindC)junkfoodD)foodpreparedfortherabbit

5.Intheauthor'sopinion,"cultureshock"is.5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A)theproductofsomefuturesocietyA)SaladfirstappearedinAmerica,andthenwasintroducedtoEurope.

B)theeffectofanewcultureonanunpreparedvisitorB)TheAmericantraditionofeatingsaladbeforethemaincoursewasformed

C)atermincomprehensiveinthepopularvocabularymainlyforthesakeofheahh.

D)aseroussocialmaladyinthefastchangingsocietyC)Inlessthanfiftyyears,saladbecamepopularthroughouttheUnitedSlates.

D)Servingsaladbefore(heentreebytherestaurantsisawayofcheatingthe

Passage2diners.

Whendininginrestaurants,Americansusuallyorderdrinksfirst,thensoup,

salad,maincourseorentree,anddessertatlast.ThisissomewhatadifferentorderPassage3

wayfromthatinEurope."Americaisabigmeltingpot."Thisisalmost(heonlythingIcanremember

Untilaboutthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury,Americansdidn'thavetofromthecourse"AmericanSocietyandCulture"Ilookalcollege.Now,even

worryaboutwhetherthesaladcamebeforeorafterthemaincoursesincetheythoughoveradecadehaspassed,thedefinitionourteachergaveisstillclearly

didn'teatsaladatall.Chompingongreenswasonceconsideredsissy,andwritteninmymind:themeltingpotheremeansthatpeoplewithdifferentcultural

Americanspreferredtogettheirgreensindirectly,aftertheyhadbeenprocessedbyandethnicalbackgroundsimmigratetotheState,livetogether,getmixedandbuild

rabbitsordeer.TlieshiftofpublictastetowardthesaladmaybeattributedtoNewupthiswonderfulculturethatwecallAmericanculturetoday.

York'sDelmonicobrothers,whooriginallyintroducedsmorgasbordfromEurope、ThefirsttimeIcametoAmericaonabusinesstrip,IvisitedNewYorkCity.

andserveditintheirrestaurant.SuchnoveltiesbecamesopopularthatbytheendThere,walkingalongthefamous5thAvenue,Iwassimplyexcited.Surroundedby

ofthenineteenthcentury,theWaldorfsaladhasswept(hecountry.thishugeseaofpeoplefromallovertheworld,Ifeltateasewiththem,withmyself

Europeansstillchompongreensafterthemaincourse,asawayofcleaningandmostofallwiththeworldIwasin.IdidnotfeelIwasastrongeroratourist

fromanotherland;Ijustwaspartofit.4.Fromthispassage,theauthorwantstotellus.

TheconceptofameltingpotwasfurtherengravedinmymindwhenIappliedA)thediversestudentsinAmericaB)theconceptofameltingpot

tothebusinessedschool.AlltheschoolsIappliedtostressedthattheyhadagreatC)AmericaisabigmeltingpotD)Americaisnotameltingpot

diversestudentbodyandhowthisdiversitywouldenhancethequalityofeducation.5.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageisto

Andeveryoneofthemhadanessayquestionondiversity.IwasexcitedbecauseA)informB)criticizeC)persuadeD)

afterall1wouldsoonbecomeamemberofthatdiversestudentbody.entertain

WhenIcametotheschool,thingsdisappointedme.Yes,wedidhaveadiverse

studentbody,almost40percentofwhichwasmadeupofinternationalstudents.Passage4

However,theywerenotintegratedwithnativeAmericans.AsiansalwayshangTotalkaboutproblem-solvingwithinanationalenvironmentmeans

outwithAsians,blackswithblacks,SpanishwithSpanish.Theycouldbeintheexaminingmanycomplexculturalforces.Itmeanstrying(omeasurethe'impactof

samestudygrouporthesameclassorgotothesamerestaurant,butrarelycouldtheseforcesoncontemporarylife,andalsocomingtogripwithchangesnowtaking

theybecomegreatfriends.Thisphenomenonwasneitherduetothebarrierofplace.

language,norduetodifferentpersonalities.ThebottomlinehasalwaysbeenForexample,theconceptofprofessionalidentitydiffersmarkedlybetweenthe

culture.U.S.andJapan.Inthewest,theemphasisisonwhatamanorawomandoesfora

Istillrememberthefirstfewpartiesfor(heAsianstudentstowhichmany'living.InJapanthemostimportantthingiswhatorganizationyouworkfor.This

Americanswerealsoinvited.Thosewhoshowedupsoonleftsincetheycouldnotbecomessignificantwhenyouwanttoanalyzethedecision-takingor

joinourchataboutgreatfood,norcouldtheyenjoy(heslir-fliedfoodwemade.Idecision-makingprocess.

wasalsoinvitedbyAmericanstudentstogotobars.ButIcouldneverbringmyselfWhilewedifferinmanyways,suchdifferencesareneithersuperiornor

toenjoydrinkinginthatnoisyplaceandtalkingasloudlyastheydid.Soafterinferiortoeachother.Aparticularpatternofmanagementbehaviordevelopsfroma

makingsomeinitiatives,eachpartyrealizedthattheydidnothavemanythingsincomplexityofuniqueculturalfactors—andwillonlyworkinagivenculture.

commonbeyond(henecessarygroupwork.TheyremainedjustnoddingAcharacteristicisbasedon"censusopinion"and"bottom-updirection".In

acquaintances.Japanconsiderationisgiventoandrelianceplacedonthethoughtsandopinionsof

Diversityisbeneficial(o(helearningenvironment.However,itisnecessaryeveryoneatalllevels.Tounderstandthis,itisimportanttorealizethatJapanisa

forpeopleinthisenvironmenttobeopenandreceptivetofirings,whicharedenselypopulatedhomogeneouscountry.Moreover,thepeopleareawareand

differentfromtheirs.Butthisisthemostchallengingtasktoaccomplish.Someofarticulate.Literacyisalmost100percent.Problemsareshared.

myfriends,evenaftergraduatingfromthetopschoolsandworkingveryThisbringsusthesecondpartofthischaracteristic.Thetenn"bottom-up"

successfullyinsomefamouscompaniesoruniversities,stillfeellikeoutsiderstoreferstoastyleofmanagement-perhapswhatyouwouldcallkeepingyourfinger

Americanculture.Thisisperhiipsbecauseasminoritiestheyknowmuchmoreofon(heimpulseofthepublic.ThedifferenceisthatinJapanwerecordtheimpulse

AmericanculturethanthemainslreamAmericansknowofothercultures.Thisandithasarealmeaning.Itinfluencesthedirectionfinallytakenatthetop

imbalanceandalmostone-waygarlicinunderstandingissurelyanothersideoftheregardingaspecificimportantissue.Inotherwords,westernstyleof

meltingpot.Wewillnevergettoknowaboutthisunlesswearereallyinit.decision-makingprocessconiespredominantlyfromtopmanagementandoften

1.WhentheauthorfirstvisitedNewYorkCity,hedidnotfeelnervousbecausedoesnotconsultthemiddlemanagementortheworkers,whileinJapanthe

directioncanbeformulatedatthelowestlevel,travelupwardthroughan

A)Americanpeopleweresokindandhospitableorganization,andhaveanimpactonthefinaldecision.

B)themweremanytouristsfromothercountriesThisplacestimeasadifferentperspective.InJapanthewesterndeadlineis

C)manyAmericanpeoplecamefromdifferentareassecondarytoathoroughjob.ThusAmericansareoftenexasperatedbyseemingly

D)AmericanpeopleneverthoughthewasaforeignerendlessmeetingsoftheJapanese.ButwheretheAmericansarepressingfbra

2.Inthebusinessschool,itdisappointedtheauthorthat.specificdecision,theJapanesearetryingtoformulatearatherbroaddirection.

A)i(washardfor