2023年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案

2023年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题Thegeneralpublicdidn'tcareaboutthetrialandsowas（

）abouttheverdict.问题1选项A.enragedB.apatheticC.suspiciousD.saddened2.单选题Bypatientquestioningthelawyermanagedto（

）enoughinformationfromthewitnesses.问题1选项A.evacuateB.withdrawC.impartD.elicit3.单选题Withtheincreasingunemploymentrate,femaleworkerswhoare45to55yearsoldareusuallythefirsttobe（

）.问题1选项A.laidasideB.laidupC.laidoutD.laidoff4.单选题Yourblunttreatmentofdisputeswouldputotherpeopleinanegativeframeof（

）,withtheresultthattheywouldnotbeabletoacceptyourproposal.问题1选项A.mindB.ideaC.intentionD.wish5.单选题Tomwastotally（

）whenhereceivedaContheexaminhistory,forhewaspositivethathecouldhavegotanA.问题1选项A.elatedB.frustratedC.incitedD.contented6.单选题FarmlandinpartsofJapanisnolongersafebecauseofhighlevelsofradiationinthesoil,scientistshavewarned,asthecountrystrugglestorecoverfromtheFukushimaatomicdisaster.Ateamofinternationalresearcherssaidfoodproductionwouldlikelybe"severelyimpaired"bytheelevatedlevelsofcaesium（放射性铯）foundinsoilsamplesacrosseasternFukushimainthewakeofmeltdownsatthetsunami-hitplant.Thestudysuggestsfarminginneighboringareasmayalsosufferbecauseofradiation,althoughlevelsdiscoveredtherewerewithinlegallimits."Fukushimaareaasawholeishighlypolluted,*'especiallytothenorthwestofthenuclearpowerplant,theresearcherssaid.Thestudylookedatcaesium-137,whichhasahalf-lifeof30yearsandthereforeaffectstheenvironmentfordecades.Thelegallimitforconcentrationsinsoilwherericeisgrownofthesumofcaesium-134andcaesium-137,whicharealwaysproducedtogether,is5,000becquerelsperkilograminJapan.‘TheeastFukushimaareaexceededthislimitandsomeneighboringareassuchasMiyagi,TochigiandIbarakiarepartiallyclosetothelimitunderourupper-boundestimate,"thestudysaid."EstimatedandobservedpollutioninthewesternpartsofJapanwerenotasserious,eventhoughsomeareaswerelikelyaffectedtosomeextent,"itadded."Concentrationintheseareasarebelow25becquerelsperkilogram,whichisfarbelowthethresholdforfarming.However,westronglyrecommendeachareatoquicklycarryoutsomesupplementarysoilsamplingsatcitylevelstovalidateourestimates."Thestudysaid‘foodproductionineasternFukushimaareaislikelyseverelyimpairedbythecaesium-137loadsofmorethan2,500becquerelsperkilogram’.ThestudywasledbyTeppeiYasunarioftheUniversitiesSpaceResearchAssociationintheUSstateofMaryland.Heandhisteamuseddailyobservationsin.eachJapaneseareaandcomputer-simulatedparticledispersion,modelsbasedonweatherpatterns.JapanhasbeenonalertfortheimpactofradiationsinceanearthquakeandresultingtsunamistruckthenortheastofthecountryonMarch11,damagingtheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant.Itscoolingsystemswereknockedofflineandreactorsweresentintomeltdown,resultingintheleakingofradiation,intotheair,oceansandfoodchain.ShipmentsofanumberoffarmproductsfromtheaffectedregionswerestoppedandeventhosethatwerenotsubjecttoofficialcontrolshavefoundlittlefavorwithJapaneseconsumerscautiousofthepotentialhealtheffects.1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrect?2.Fukushimaatomicdisaster’sdirectcauseis（

）.3.Theradiationdidn’tgointo（

）.

4.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichattitudedoestheJapanesehave?问题1选项A.Japanesefarmlandisnolongersafebecauseoftheneighboringfarmlandishighlypolluted.B.Theconcentrationsinsoilofthesumofcaesium.-134andcaesium-137cannotexceed5,000becquerelsperkilogram.C.Miyagi,TochigiandIbarakiareasexceedthelegallimitforconcentrationsinsoil.D.Japaneseconsumersfromaffectedregionsdon’tworryaboutthepotentialhealtheffectsofthefoodatall.问题2选项A.thefallingoftheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplantB.thehurricaneC.thefoodproductionis“severelyimpaired’D.notmentioned问题3选项A.theoceanB.theairC.thecoolingsystemD.thefoodchain问题4选项A.Angry.B.Worried.C.Scared.D.Unconcerned.7.单选题Wedon't（

）anydifficultiesincompletingtheprojectsolongaswekeepwithinourbudget.问题1选项A.foreseeB.fabricateC.inferD.inhibit8.单选题YouhaveprobablyheardabouteliteuniversitiesofferingfreeonlinecoursesthroughCoursera.Injustthepastfewweeks,Courserahasadded12universities,includingPrinceton,DukeandJohnsHopkins.Thecompany'swebsitesaysitsgoalisto“giveeveryoneaccesstotheworld-classeducationthathassofarbeenavailableonlytoaselectedfew’,andmuchofthenewscoveragehasfocusedonhowthiswilldemocratizelearning.TwoweeksafterCourseraannounceditsinitialroundofpartnerships,HarvardUniversityandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyannouncedaplantoinvest$60millioninasimilarcourseplatformcallededX,andathirdcompany,Udacity,announcedthatittoowouldjointhefray.Despitenearuniversalenthusiasmforsuchprojects,it’simportanttotakeafewstepsback.First,althoughthecontentisfreenow,it’sunlikelythatitwillremainthatwayforlong.AccordingtoCoursera’scontracts,boththecompanyandtheschoolsplantomakeaprofit―theyjusthaven’tfiguredoutthebestwaytodothatyet.Butmoreimportant,I’mconcernedthatcomputer-aidedinstructionwillactuallywidenthegapbetweenthefinanciallyandeducationallyprivilegedandeveryoneelse,insteadofcloseit.Intermsoflearningonthecollegelevel,theDepartmentofEducation,lookedatthousandsofresearchstudiesfrom1996to2008andfoundthatinhighereducation,studentsrarelylearnedasmuchfromonlinecoursesastheydidintraditionalclasses.Infact,thereportfoundthatthebiggestbenefitofonlineinstruction,camefromalearningenvironmentthatcombinedtechnologywithtraditionalmethods,butwarnedthattheuptickhadmoretodowiththeincreasedamountofindividualizedinstructionstudentsgotinthatenvironment,notthepresenceoftechnology.Forallbutthebrightest,themoretimestudentsspendwithtraditionalinstruction,thebettertheyseemtodo.SupportersofonlinelearningsaythatallanyoneneedstoaccessagreateducationisastableInternetconnection.Butonly35%ofhouseholdsearninglessthan$25,000havebroadbandaccesstotheInternet,comparedwith94%ofhouseholdswithincomemorethan$100,000.Inaddition,accordingtothe2010ReportonMobileAccess,onlyhalfofblackandLatinosprimarilyusethen-cellphonestoaccesstheInternet,amuchmoreexpensiveandless-than-idealmethodfortakingpartinonlineeducation.Inshortytheexplosionofthistypeofeducation,thoughfreenow,mayleavebehindthestudentswhoneededucationthemost.It’snothardtounderstandwhythechancetowatchlectures,passtestsandevengetaformalcertificatefromaneliteschoolwouldstirexcitement.ButtherecentlyreleasedreportontheAmericanDreammakesclear,afour-yearcollegedegreeistheonlytypeofeducationalinterventionthatpromotesupwardmobilityfromthelower-middleclass.Ifwereallywanttodemocratizeeducation,findingcreativewaystorealisticallyopenupcollegestodifferentcommunitieswilldomoretohelpthanamodelthatismorebeneficialforstudentswhoarealreadywealthy,academicallypreparedandhighlymotivated.Weoughttomakesurethateveryonehasaccesstothesameopportunities,orwewillfurtherwidentheopportunitygapswemeantoclose.1.Itcanbeinferredfromtheresearchstudiesfrom1996to2008inparagraphfourthatinonlineinstruction,（

）.2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisNotthereasonwhycomputer-aidedinstructionwillactuallywidentheeducationalgap?3.Theauthorconcludesthatifwewanttodemocratizeeducation,weshould（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sdevelopmentofthepassage?问题1选项A.studentscanbenefitthemostfromthepresenceoftechnologyB.whatmattersistheincreasedamountofindividualizedinstructionC.studentscanlearnmorecomparedwithintraditionaloneD.themoretimetheclevereststudentsspend,thehigherscorestheyget问题2选项A.Companiesandschoolswanttomakeaprofitfromonlinecourses.B.Onlineinstruction,won'thelpstudentsasmuchastraditionalclasses.C.NoteveryonehastheequalaccesstoInternetconnection.D.It’sunrealistictoprovideonlinecoursestopeoplefromdifferentcommunities.问题3选项A.attendlectures,andgetacollegedegreehian.eliteschoolB.signupforvariousonlinecoursesandgetaformalcertificateC.establishcollegesforstudentsofdifferentbackgroundscreativelyandrealisticallyD.guaranteethathighlymotivatedstudentshavethesameopportunityasothers.问题4选项A.Introducingtheissue---raisinghisownpointofview---offeringreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatus---citingwaystodealwiththeissue.B.Citingwaystodealwiththeissue---offeringreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatus---raisinghisownpointofview---introducingtheissue.C.Raisinghisownpointofview---citingwaystodealwiththeissue---offeringreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatus---introducingtheissue.D.Raisinghisownpointofview---introducingtheissue---citingwaystodealwiththeissue---offeringreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatus.9.翻译题Operaisexpensive:thatmuchisinevitable.Butexpensivethingsarenotinevitablytheprovinceoftherichunlessweabdicatesociety’spowerofchoice.Wecanchoosetomakeopera,andotherexpensiveformsofculture,accessibletothosewhocannotindividuallypayforit.Thequestionis:whyshouldwe?Nobodydeniestheimperativesoffood,shelter,defense,healthandeducation.Buteveninaprehistoriccave,mankindstretchedoutahandnotjusttoeat.drinkorfight,butalsotodraw.Theimpulsetowardsculture,thedesiretoexpressandexploretheworldthroughimaginationandrepresentationisfundamental.InEurope,thisdesirehasfoundfulfillmentinthemasterpiecesofourmusic,art,literatureandtheatre.Thesemasterpiecesarethetouchstonesforallourefforts;theyarethetouchstonesforthepossibilitiestowhichhumanthoughtandimaginationmayaspire;theycarrythemostprofoundmessagesthatcanbesentfromonehumantoanother.10.单选题Researchuniversitieshavehelpeddriveinnovationfordecades,（

）developmentofeverythingfromjetenginestotheInternet.问题1选项A.spurtingB.creditingC.insinuatingD.preserving11.翻译题不管办不办奥运会，保护环境是任何国家都不能忽视的问题。只是目前北京市政府要完成的硬件建设那么多，要想按时完成这些项目，同时还解决污染问题是困难的。要改变人们几千年的坏习惯是需要时间的。其实是在这次申办奥运会之前，为了改善人民的健康，使人们的国家更干净，更适合人们居住，政府就搞了好几次卫生与健康运动。这些运动的成绩决不能低估。中国的生活方式比过去健康多了，所以我完全有理由对这件事抱乐观态度。12.单选题Teenagersinthe1950s,whohadto（

）anincreasinglyatomizedfamilylifeanddomesticandinternationaltensions,scornedthesterileversionofAmericanlife.问题1选项A.injureB.conjureC.confrontD.inflow13.单选题Thepatient’sprogresswasencouraging,ashecould（

）getoutofbedwithouthelp.问题1选项A.onlyB.nearlyC.hardlyD.badly14.单选题Successas（

）byeconomicoutputbearsnocloserelationshiptohumanachievement.问题1选项A.decidedB.achievedC.assuredD.measured15.单选题Therewasonlyasmall（

）inthecity'spopulationoverthelasttenyears.问题1选项A.intimacyB.incrementC.immortalityD.incidence16.单选题Thisbookisthe（

）ofsome20yearsofscientificresearch.问题1选项A.participationB.toleranceC.allianceD.outcome17.填空题Mostparents,Isuppose,havehadtheexperienceofreadingabedtimestorytotheir（1）.Andtheymusthave（2）

howdifficultitistowriteagoodchildren'sbook.Eithertheauthorhasaimedtoo（3）

,sothatthechildrencan'tfollowwhatisinhis(ormoreoften,her)story,

（4）

thestoryseemstobetalkingtothereaders.Thebestchildren'sbooksareneitherverydifficultnorverysimple,andsatisfyboththechildrenwho（5）

thestoryandtheadultwho（6）

it.Unfortunately,thereareinfact

（7）

bookslikethis,sotheproblemoffindingtherightbedtimestoryisnot（8）

tosolve.Thismaybewhymanyofbooksregardedasworksofchildren'sliteraturewereinfactwrittenfor（9）

.“Alice'sAdventureinWonderland”isperhapsthemostobviousofthis.Children,leftforthemselves,often

（10）

theworstpossibleinterestinliterature.Justleaveachildinbookshopor（11）

andhewillmorewillinglychoosethebookswritteninanimaginativeway,orhavea

（12）

atmostchildren'scomics,fullofthestoriesandjokeswhicharetheobjectionsofteachersandright-thinkingparents.Perhapsweparentsshould

（13）

tryingtobrainwashchildrenintoacceptingourtasteinliterature.Afterallchildrenandadultsareso（14）

thatweparentsshouldnotexpectthattheywillenjoythe（15）

books.SoIsupposewe'lljusthavetocompromiseoverthatbedtimestory.18.单选题Wehopethestudentswould（

）theinformationcontainedinthelecture.问题1选项A.associateB.understandC.assimilateD.assess19.单选题Don'ttrustthespeakeranymore,sincetheremarkshemadeinhislecturesarenever（

）withthefacts.问题1选项A.symmetricalB.comparativeC.compatibleD.harmonious20.单选题TheBrownslivedina（

）andcomfortablyfurnishedhouseinthesuburbs.问题1选项A.confessB.sufficientC.wideD.wretched21.单选题Hesaidtherewasagreatgapbetweentheviewsexpressedinthemediaandwhat（

）peoplewerethinking问题1选项A.usualB.generalC.normalD.ordinary22.单选题Thenewshippingandreceivingbuildingisa(n)（

）facility,largeenoughtomeetourgrowingneeds.问题1选项A.obsoleteB.meagerC.expansiveD.costly23.单选题Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotograph'sfidelitytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineartasdistinctfrommerelyapracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenseofphotographywasidenticalwiththestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofreality,photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.Ironically,nowthatphotographyissecurelyestablishedasafineart,manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves—anythingbutmakingworksofart.Theyarenolongerwillingtodebatewhetherphotographyisorisnotafineart.excepttoproclaimthattheirownworkisnotinvolvedwithart.ItshowstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.Photographers'disclaimersofanyinterestinmakingarttellusmoreabouttheharriedstatusofthecontemporarynotionofartthanaboutwhetherphotographyisorisnotart.Forexample,thosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensionsofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting.Muchofphotography'sprestigetodayderivesfromtheconvergenceofitsaimswiththoseofrecentart,particularlywiththedismissalofabstractartimplicitinthephenomenonorPoppaintingduringthe1960's.Appreciatingphotographsisarelieftosensibilitiestiredofthementalexertionsdemandedbyabstractart.ClassicalModernistpainting—thatis,abstractartasdevelopedindifferentwaysbyPicasso,Kandinsky,andMatisse—presupposeshighlydevelopedskillsoflookingandafamiliaritywithotherpaintingsandthehistoryofart.Photography,likePoppainting,reassuresviewersthatartisnothard;photographyseemstobemoreaboutitssubjectsthanaboutart.Photography,however,hasdevelopedalltheanxietiesandself-consciousnessofaclassicModernistart.Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythatthepromotionofphotographyasanactivitysubversiveofthetraditionalpretensionsofarthasgonesofarthatthepublicwillforgetthatphotographyisadistinctiveandexaltedactivity——inshort,anart.1.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,the19lbcenturydefendersofphotographystressedthatphotographywas（

）.3.Accordingtothepassage,someseriouscontemporaryphotographersmaketheclaimthattheirphotographs（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthormostprobablyconsidersseriouscontemporaryphotographytobea（

）.问题1选项A.definingtheModernistattitudetowardartB.explaininghowphotographyemergedasafineartC.explainingtheattitudeofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstowardphotographyasartandplacingthoseattitudesintheirhistoricalcontextD.definingthevariousapproachesthatseriouscontemporaryphotographerstaketowardtheirartandassessingthevalueofeachofthoseapproaches问题2选项A.atechnologicallyadvancedactivityB.adeviceforobservingtheworldimpartiallyC.anartcomparabletopaintingD.anartthatwouldeventuallyreplacethetraditionalarts问题3选项A.areexamplesofthephotographers’impartialobservationoftheworldB.canbecreatedbyalmostanyonewhocoulddevotetotheactivityC.areimportantbecauseofthesubjectbutnottheresponsesoftheviewersD.exhibitthesameprinciplesusedinpainting问题4选项A.contemporaryartacceptedasfineartB.craftrequiringsensitivitybutbynomeansasartC.mechanicalcopyingofrealityD.modernartthatdisplaystheModernisttendencytotrytosubverttheprevailingaimsofart24.单选题Amembershipcard（

）theholdertousetheclub'sfacilitiesforaperiodoftwelvemonths.问题1选项A.approvesB.authorizesC.rectifiesD.endows25.单选题Despiterepeated（

）byeducationalauthoritiesforconcretemeasurestoreducestudents’burdens，littlehaschanged.问题1选项A.directionsB.recommendationsC.adviceD.calls第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。enraged“激怒，暴怒”；apathetic“冷淡的，无兴趣的”；suspicious“可疑的，猜疑的”；sadden“悲哀的，可悲的”；根据句意‘公众不关心审判，也对判决结果（

）。’确定B选项正确。2.【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项evacuate“疏散；撤退；排泄”；B选项withdraw“撤退；收回；撤销；取钱”；C选项impart“给予；传授；告知”；D选项elicit“抽出；引起；诱出”。句意：通过耐心的询问，律师设法从证人那里……足够的信息。“信息”是证人给出的，律师只有努力去“获取”，综合选项可知D选项正确。3.【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析题。layaside“放弃（某种习惯），积蓄（金钱），把…放在一边”；layup“放置不用，贮存，储蓄，使（某人）待在床上或室内”；layout“设计;展示，安排”；layoff“暂时解雇，裁员，停止工作”；根据句意‘随着失业率不断上升，45-55岁的女性工人通常最先被（

）。’确定D选项正确。4.【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你对争论的处理方式会让其他人心情糟糕，结果就是他们不会接受你的提议。mind“理智；精神”；idea“想法”；intention“意图，目的”；wish“希望，愿望”。5.【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当汤姆得知历史考试得了个C后，非常沮丧，因为他自信地认为可以得A。elate“得意”；frustrate“沮丧”；incite“煽动”；content“使满足”。根据句意，选项B符合题意。6.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B【解析】1.A选项表达太绝对，排除，C选项根据第二段‘someneighboringareassuchasMiyagi,TochigiandIbarakiarepartiallyclosetothelimitunderourupper-boundestimate,"确定是’接近于‘不是’超过‘所以排除，D选项根据最后一段’ShipmentsofanumberoffarmproductsfromtheaffectedregionswerestoppedandeventhosethatwerenotsubjecttoofficialcontrolshavefoundlittlefavorwithJapaneseconsumerscautiousofthepotentialhealtheffects.来自受影响地区的一些农产品已被停止发货，即便是那些不受官方控制的农产品，也没有得到日本消费者的青睐，他们担心这些农产品可能对健康造成影响。确定与原文不符，排除，所以B选项正确。2.文章第一段提到Fukushimaatomicdisaster，但是全文并没有提及原因，所以D选项符合题意。3.根据文章倒数第二段最后一句‘Itscoolingsystemswereknockedofflineandreactorsweresentintomeltdown,resultingintheleakingofradiation,intotheair,oceansandfoodchain.破坏的福岛核电站反应堆冷却系统是把线下和被派往崩溃,导致辐射泄漏,进入空气,海洋和食物链。可知ABD选项正确，C选项没有提及，选择C。4.通过阅读全文以及最后一段，可以知道日本人对这个问题是担心的，所以B选项符合题意。7.【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项foresee“预见；预知”；B选项fabricate“制造；伪造；装配”；C选项infer“推断；推论”；D选项inhibit“抑制；禁止”。句意：只要我们不超出预算，我们就无法……完成这个项目就没有什么困难。完成项目的困难在于预算不够，不超预算则不应有困难，也就是现在“看不到有什么困难”，因此A选项正确。8.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:A【解析】1.根据文章第四段‘inhighereducation,studentsrarelylearnedasmuchfromonlinecoursesastheydidintraditionalclasses.Infact,thereportfoundthatthebiggestbenefitofonlineinstruction,camefromalearningenvironmentthatcombinedtechnologywithtraditionalmethods,butwarnedthattheuptickhadmoretodowiththeincreasedamountofindividualizedinstructionstudentsgotinthatenvironment,notthepresenceoftechnology.Forallbutthebrightest,themoretimestudentsspendwithtraditionalinstruction,thebettertheyseemtodo.在高等教育中，学生从在线课程中学到的东西很少像在传统课程中那么多。事实上，该报告发现在线教学最大的好处来自于一个将技术与传统方法结合起来的学习环境，但报告警告称这种增长更多地与学生在这种环境中获得的个性化教学数量的增加有关，而不是技术的存在。除了最聪明的学生外，所有学生花在传统教学上的时间越多，他们似乎做得越好。‘确定A选项‘学生可以从科技的存在中获益最多’、C选项‘与传统教育相比，学生可以学到更多’错误，D选项‘最聪明的学生花的时间越多，他们的分数就越高’没有提及，所以B选项正确。2.根据第三段第二句‘First,althoughthecontentisfreenow,it’sunlikelythatitwillremainthatwayforlong.首先，尽管内容现在是免费的，但这种情况不太可能持续太久。’可知A选项‘公司和学校都想从在线课程中获利’不是扩大教育差距的原因，A选项符合题意，3.根据文章最后一段倒数第二句’Ifwereallywanttodemocratizeeducation,findingcreativewaystorealisticallyopenupcollegestodifferentcommunitieswilldomoretohelpthanamodelthatismorebeneficialforstudentswhoarealreadywealthy,academicallypreparedandhighlymotivated.如果我们真的想让教育民主化，找到创造性的方法，切实地向不同的社区开放大学，这将比一种模式更有帮助，这种模式更有利于那些已经富有、学业准备充分、积极性很高的学生。可知C选项‘创造性地、现实地为不同背景的学生建立大学’符合题意。4.文章最后提出解决措施，所以排序最后应该是citingwaystodealwiththeissue，确定A选项正确。9.【答案】听戏剧无疑是昂贵的消费。但除非我们放弃社会赋予的选择权，否则昂贵的东西也并非富人专属。我们可以选择让那些无支付能力的人享有戏剧及其他形式的昂贵文化。但问题是，我们为什么要那样做？谁都不会否认，食物、居住、安全、健康和教育是必不可少的。但即使是在史前的洞穴里，人类伸出手来也并不只是为了吃、喝或打斗，也可能是为了涂涂画画。文化冲动，即通过想象和表征来表达、探索世界的欲望，是人类的基本特点。在欧洲，这种渴望已经在音乐、绘画、文学和戏剧的杰作中得以实现。这些杰作是衡量我们一切努力的标准，也是人类思想和想象力可能达到的高度。它们包含着人与人之间能够传递的最深刻的信息。10.【答案】C【解析】动词辨析题。spurt“喷射；喷出”；credit“相信，归因于，记在……的账上，给……记学分（或学时）”；insinuate“暗示，使潜入，使逐渐产生”；preserve“保护；保持；腌制”。由句中“developmentofeverythingfromjetenginestotheInternet从喷气式发动机到互联网的一切的开发”确定C选项“使逐渐产生”符合句意‘研究型大学在数十年里已帮助推进了革新，从而逐渐产生了从喷气式发动机到互联网的一切的开发。’。11.【答案】NomatteritishostingtheOlympicGamesornot,protectingtheenvironmentisanissuethatnocountrycanignore.It'sjustthattheBeijingmunicipalgovernmenthassomuchhardwaretobuildthatit'shardtofinishtheseprojectsontimeandatthesametimesolvethepollutionproblem.Ittakestimetochangepeople'sthousandsofyearsofbadhabits.Infact,beforethisbidfortheOlympicGames,thegovernmentcarriedoutseveralhealthandhealthcampaignsinordertoimprovepeople'shealthandmaketheircountrycleanerandmoresuitableforpeopletolivein.Theachievementsofthesesportsmustnotbeunderestimated.Chineselifestylesaremuchhealthierthantheyusedtobe,soIhaveeveryreasontobeoptimistic.12.【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：二十世纪五十年代的青少年，必须去面对破碎的家庭，国内外的紧张，从而蔑视这种枯燥无味的美国生活。injure“受伤”；conjure“恳求，祈求”；confront“面对”；inflow“流入”。根据句意，选项C符合题意。13.【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。空格后是动词，因此空格处填入副词修饰。A选项only“只，仅仅”；B选项nearly“差不多；密切地”；C选项hardly“几乎不；刚刚”；D选项badly“非常；严重地”。句意：病人的进步是令人鼓舞的，因为他……不需要帮助就能下床。由句中“encouraging”可知，此处表示病人“几乎不需要帮助就可下床”，因此B选项正确。14.【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：靠经济输出来获得的成功与人类成就没有紧密的联系。achievesuccess“获得成功”，选项B符合题意。15.【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。intimacy“亲密，亲昵行为，隐私”；increment“增量，增加”；immortality“不朽，不灭”；incidence“发生率，影响”。由句子中“thecity'spopulation该市人口”确定B选项“增加”符合句意，正确。16.【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项participation“参与；分享；参股”；B选项tolerance“公差；宽容；容忍”；C选项alliance“联盟；联姻”；D选项outcome“结果；成果”。句意：这本书是20多年科学研究的……。由句意和选项分析可知，书只能是研究“成果”，因此D选项正确。17.【答案】（1）children（2）realized（3）high（4）or（5）hear（6）read（7）few（8）easy（9）grow-ups或adults（10）show（11）library（12）look（13）stop（14）different（15）same【解析】（1）由空格前的their可知此处应填入名词。句中出现parents“父母”和bedtimestory“床头故事”，空格前的their指parents，因此可知空格处可填入“children”。（2）空格前的they依然指parents，空格后是how引导的从句，因此空格处为动词。根据句意“他们一定已经……写一本好的儿童书有多难”。这里需要选择一个动词表示父母们“知道”、“认知”写一本好的儿童书的有多难，可填入realized“意识到”，符合语境，（3）由空格前的too可知此处应填入形容词。前面动词aim“设置目标”，加上后面sothat引导的结果状语“孩子们听不懂他(或她)的故事”，因此作者设置的目标应该是“过于高（high）”。（4）空格后是一个完整句，因此空格处应为连接词或关联词。本句句首出现了either，结合后半句句意“这个故事似乎在与读者对话”，可知本句就是在表达写故事的两种后果——一种看不懂，一种似乎是对话。可想到与either搭配的or，either…or…表示“要么……要么……”。（5）空格处为who引导的定语从句修饰先行词thechildren，主语who后面缺少从句的谓语动词成分。宾语是thestory，children自然是“听”故事的人，因此此处填入hear。（6）空格前后都有名词，且这里有并列关系词and，可知空格处应填入动词。Theadult指的是parents，it指thestory，因此应填入动词read。（7）空格处应填入形容词来修饰名词books。由句首的unfortunately可知，“像这样的（上一句所说）故事书”应该是“很难”找到，这个修饰词表示否定含义，因此可用few修饰books，表示“几乎没有（很难找到）这样的书”。（8）空格前有be动词，后面是动词不定式tosolve，需要解决的是“theproblem”，且本句后半部分是so引导的结果状语，原因在前半句“不幸的是，事实上像这样的书没有几本”，由此可知这个问题“不容易解决”，应填入easy。（9）本句句首的“thismaybewhy”说明本句是顺承上句而来的结果，上句说到“真正的儿童书籍几乎没有”，因此本句表示“儿童文学作品实际上是为成年人而写”。空格处应填入表示“成年人”的词，adults或grow-ups。（10）空格处词语的宾语是interest“兴趣”，因此这里说的是“让孩子自己读书时，他们常常对文学毫无兴趣”。“表现兴趣”应用“showtheinterest”表示，空格处填入show。（11）空格前的or在本句表示并列，or前后的词语应该词性一致、并具有同一特点，bookshop“书店”有书供孩子阅读，另一个常见同类地方就是library“图书馆”。（12）本句表示“让孩子们在书店或图书馆自行选书阅读”，空格后是一类图书children’scomics“儿童漫画”，因此前面应是表示“阅读”的动词或动词词组，加上空格前后的havea…at，可推知此处应是“havealookat”。（13）本句句意：也许我们父母应该……尝试给孩子洗脑，让他们接受我们对文学的品味