2023年考研考博-考博英语-厦门大学考试历年高频考点真题答案

2023年考研考博-考博英语-厦门大学考试历年高频考点真题答案第1卷一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题CollegeBoardPresidentGastonCapertontrumpetedrisingSATmathscoresandbemoaned_______verbalscoreslastweek.问题1选项A.motionlessB.stagnantC.brisknessD.sluggish2.单选题Asapersonwhocombinescarewith_______,Marisacompletedherdutieswith_______aswellaszeal.问题1选项A.levity...resignationB.enthusiasm...meticulousnessC.vitality...willingnessD.empathy...rigor3.单选题Thegovernmentrecentlypresentedanambitiousplantotackletheviolenceand_______thatfollowwhentoomanypeopledrinktoomuchtooquicklyintoosmallanarea.问题1选项A.alienationB.delimitationC.barenessD.mayhem4.单选题Forthefirsttime,wefound____thatallowustoconnectthefirstphaseofhumanevolutionandthesecondphase.问题1选项A.theoriesB.morassesC.frescosD.fossils5.单选题High-fructosecomsyrupiseasyforfoodandbeveragemakerstouse,andhas_______theformerleadingsweetener:sucrose,orordinarytablesugar.问题1选项A.edgedoutB.edgedinC.edgedawayD.edgedon6.单选题Hewantstostarthisownbusiness,but_______handlingpayroll,governmentcompliance,andbenefitschores.问题1选项A.loatheB.remarkC.upholdD.systematize7.单选题Ifitistruethatmoralitycannotexistwithoutreligion,thendoesnottheerosionofreligionheraldthe_______ofmorality?问题1选项A.regulationB.basisC.beliefD.collapse8.单选题Butcellphoneshadbeenaroundfor15yearsbeforetheycaughtonwith_______America.Bythatyardstick,broadband—widelyavailableforonlythepastcoupleofyears—hasmanymoremilestogo.问题1选项A.main-topmastB.mainstayC.mainarteryD.mainstream9.单选题Theloudestoutcry（呐喊）aboutpovertyseemedtocomeinthewealthiestcountry-byfar-intheworld.Accordingtomostcalculations,throughmostofthe1945-1970periodtheUnitedStateshadastandardoflivingwellaboveEurope'sandmanytimesabovetheworldaverage.Yetprotestsaboutgrindingpoverty,hunger,anddreadfulneedproceedmorefromtheUnitedStatesthanfromcountrieswithone-fortiethoftheirlivingstandard.（AnannualpercapitaincomeofeightdollarsistypicalofmuchofAfricaandAsiaandnotalittleofSouthAmerica.）Itwouldseemstrangetothesepeople（weretheyonlyawareofthefact）thatAmericanradicalsdemandaretreatfromanAmericancommitmenttothefarcomersoftheglobesothatthemoneythussavedcanbespentraisingthestandardoflivingofunderprivilegedAmericans.Whatthislastpointsuggestsisnotsomuchthathumanwantsarenevertobesatisfiedthoughthisisdoubtlesstrue,andtheAmericanlivinginsuburbdeprivedofhissecondcarandhiscolorTVsuffersjustasacutelyasanAfricanfarmerinneedofasecondcowandascreendoor.Rather,itsuggeststheextentofcontemporarybreach（违反）ofsocialnorms（标准）一theemancipation（解放）oftheindividualself.Peoplehavelearnedthattheirwantsaresacredandrightsoughttobesatisfied.Theyhavelearnedtoconsideranyobstacletopersonalfulfillmentandintolerableinsult.Theyhavegreatlyexpandedthecircleofselfawareness.Theynolongeracceptsharplimitationsonindividualdesiresinthenameofthegroup.Theamountofpotentialhumandiscontenthasalwaysbeeninfinite—misery,failure,misfitting,bitterness,hatred,envybeyondtelling.Ithasusuallyfailedofutterance,andinthepastitwasacceptedpassivelyasbeingbeyondhelp.1.Accordingtothepassage,mostcomplaintsoverapoorlivingstandardweremadebythosewhocamefrom（）2.TheaverageincomeforeachAmericanayearduringthe1960swasmostlikelyintheneighborhoodof（）.3.InordertoimprovethestandardoflivingofpoorAmericans,theextremistsintheStatesdemand（）.4.Therealcauseforthemostfortunatepeopletoprotestaboutpovertyliesin（）.5.Fromthelastsentence,itcanbesafelyinferredthatoutcryaboutpovertyineffectinvolvespeoples'（）.问题1选项A.theUnitedStatesB.AsiancountriesC.theEuropeanCommunityD.CommonwealthofNations问题2选项A.1,120dollarsB.40dollarsC.320dollarsD.80dollars问题3选项A.afulltaxreliefoncitizenslivingoverseasB.astoptoarmsraceagainstnationsfarawayC.acutinfinancialassistancetopoorcountriesD.afavorablebalanceoftradewithforeigncountries问题4选项A.addedconsciousnessofselfB.theireconomicstatusC.limitationsofhumannatureD.conflictinclassinterests问题5选项A.abilitytosufferahardlifeB.understandingoftheirrightsC.politicalattitudetowardthegovernmentD.wholeoutlookondifferentlifestyles10.单选题Sincetheauthor'sunflatteringreferencestoherfriendswereso_______,shewassurprisedthather_______wererecognized.问题1选项A.laudatory...stylesB.obvious...anecdotesC.oblique...allusionsD.criticaleulogies11.单选题Theflickerofimpatienceinthehusband'seyesmeltsintobemused_______ashiswifeasksfor"justalittlemoretime"atthemall.问题1选项A.resignationB.regradationC.retiralD.reverse12.单选题Sincetheearly1990s,conservationistshave_______protectingtheAmazoninpartbecauseofitsabundanceofplantandanimalspecies.问题1选项A.calledforthB.calledbackC.calledupD.calledfor13.单选题.AnyDemocraticpresidentwilltryto_______theUnitedStatesfromthemessinIraq,yetallwouldfacerigidconstraints.问题1选项A.knockoutB.distinguishC.overtureD.extricate14.单选题NowtheythinkthattheirviewsaboutthepresidentandhispoliciesonIraq,globalwarmingorunilateralismhaveallbeen_______,sowhykeepranting?问题1选项A.treacherousB.fraudulentC.avengedD.vindicated15.单选题Sinceitsinception,Pakistanhasstriveddesperatelyto_____India,cultivatingtieswithanystatewillingtohelpit.问题1选项A.counteractB.counterfeitedC.counterchangeD.counterbalance16.单选题Ournetworksecuritysolutionsarebeingusedbydozensofmerchantsathundreds'oflocationsacrossthecountrythatsupportPCI_______requirements.问题1选项A.complianceB.controversyC.quiescenceD.asseverating17.案例题Everybodywastestime.Insteadofdoinghishomework,theschoolboywatchestelevision.Insteadofwritingheressaythestudentgoesoutwithherfriends.Theyallhavegoodintentions,buttheykeepputtingoffthemomentwhentheymuststartwork.Asaconsequence,theybegintofeelguilty,andthenwasteevenmoretimewishingtheyhadnotallowedthemselvestobedistracted.Whensomeoneelseisorganizingourtimeforus,asforinstanceduringlessonsorworkinghours,wedonotnecessarilyworkmoreefficiently,butatleastwearesubjecttothedisciplineofaroutine.Itiswhenweareresponsiblefororganizingourowntimethattheneedforself-disciplinearises.Iknowtwowriterswhoseemtoworkinquitedifferentways.Bobisextremelymethodical.Hearrivesathisofficeat9a.m.andiscreativeuntil12:30.At2p.m.hereturnstohisdeskandiscreativeuntil5p.m.,whenhegoeshomeandswitchesoffuntilthefollowingmorning.Alan,ontheotherhand,worksininspiredbursts,oftenmissingmealsandsleepinordertogethisideasdownonpaper.Suchperiodsofintenseactivityareusuallyfollowedbydayswhenhepottersaroundhisflat,listeningtoMozartandflickingthroughmagazines.Theirplacesofworkreflecttheirstyles.Bob'sbooksareneatlyarrangedontheshelves;hecanalwaysfindthebookshewants.Alan,ontheotherhand,hasbooksandmagazinesallovertheplace.Theyareabouteverysubjectunderthesun,mostlyunconnectedwithhiswork.Allthesamehehasaknackofmakinguseoftheunlikelyinformationtoilluminatehisbooks.1.Peopleoftenwastetheirtimeby（）.2.Self-disciplineisneededwhenone（）.3.WhydoestheauthorsayBobisextremelymethodical?4.Alanoftengoeswithoutmealsandsleepwhen（）.5.Alanreadsagreatvarietyofbooksandmagazines,sothat（）.

18.单选题Salasisoneof13,000KingCountyemployeeswhowillbeaskedtoconfidentially_______whetherthey'reoverweight,smokeorengageinotherhealth-relatedvices.问题1选项A.dementB.divulgeC.retaliateD.disservice19.单选题Hehadscarcelylefttherailwaystation_______itstartedtorain.问题1选项A.thanB.thenC.whenD.since20.单选题Whichsporthasthemostexpenses_______trainingequipment,players'personalequipmentanduniforms?问题1选项A.inplaceofB.bywayofC.intermsofD.bymeansof21.单选题Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat_______thespeakersstoppedfordeferments.问题1选项A.atlargeB.atintervalsC.ateaseD.atrandom22.单选题Someanthropologistsclaimthatafewapeshavebeentaughtarudimentarysignlanguages,butskepticsarguethattheapesareonly_______theirtrainers.问题1选项A.imitatingB.condoningC.instructingD.acknowledging23.单选题Ifacountrywantstodevelopitseconomysuccessfully,therehastobeaclear_______ofitssocialneeds.问题1选项A.assessmentB.assumptionC.assuranceD.appreciation24.单选题Youcouldrefuseto_______yourSocialSecuritynumberexceptforSocialSecuritypurposes,whichisallthatthelawrequires.问题1选项A.expoundB.divulgeC.apprehendD.unriddle25.单选题Hello,mynameisRichardandIamanegosurfer.Thehabitbeganaboutfiveyearsago,andnowIneedhelp.Likemostjournalists,Ican'tdenythatoneofmyprivatejoysisseeingmybylineinprint.Nowtheinternetisallowingmetofeedthisvanitytoanevergreaterextent,andtheoccasionalsneakywebsearchhasgrownintoafull-blownobsessionwithhowhighupGoogle'srankingmyarticlesappearwhenIputmynameintothesearchbox.WhenIlastlooked,mybesteffortwasaratherhumiliating47thplace.Youknowyouhaveaproblemwhenyoufindyourselfcompetingforrankingwitharetiredbasketballplayerfromthe1970s.NotthatI'maloneinsufferingfromadysfunctionaltechno-habit.Newtechnologieshaverevealedawholeraftofhithertounsuspectedpersonalityproblems:thinkcrackberry,powerpointlessnessorcheesepodding.Mostofusarefamiliarwithsendinganemailtoacolleaguesittingacoupleoffeetawayinsteadoftalkingtothem.Somegoontothewebtosnooponoldfriends,colleaguesorevenfirstdates.MoreofusthaneverrevealhighlypersonalinformationonblogsorMySpaceentries.Afewwillevenuseinternetanonymitytofoolothersintobelievingtheyaresomeoneelsealtogether.Soarethesewebsyndromesandtechnologicalticsnewversionsofoldafflictions,orarewedevelopingfreshmindbugs?Developingabadhabitiseasierthanmanymightthink."Youcanbecomeaddictedtopotentiallyanythingyoudo,"saysMarkGriffiths,anaddictionresearcheratNottinghamTrentUniversityintheUK,"becauseaddictionsrelyonconstantrewards."Indeed,althoughdefinitionsofaddictionvary,thereisabodyofevidencethatsuggestsdrugaddictionsandnon-drughabitssharethesameneuralpathways.Whileonlyahardcorefewcanbeconsideredtruetechnologyaddicts,anentirelyunscientificsurveyoftheweb,andofNewScientiststaff,hasrevealedhowprevalenttechno-addictionsmayhavebecome.Thewebinparticularhasopenedupahostofopportunitiesforoverindulgence.TakeWikipedia,Updatingtheentries—somethinganyonecando—hasbecomealmostawayoflifeforsome.Therearemorethan2400"Wikipedians",whohaveeditedmorethan4000pageseach."It'sclearlylikecrackforsomepeople,"saysDanCloselyatCornellUniversityinNewYork,whohasstudiedhowwebsitessuchasWikipediafosteracommunity.TocommittedWikipedians,hesays,thesiteismorethanausefulinformationresource;it'stheembodimentofanideologyoffreeinformationforall.ThentherearephotologsiteslikeFlickr.Whilemostofuswouldratherdiethanbecaughtsurreptitiouslybrowsingthroughsomeoneelse'sphotos,thereneedbenosuchqualmsabouttheprivatepicspeopleputuponthesesites.MostpeopleusingFlickrandsimilarsitesspenttimeeachdaybrowsingalbumsownedbypeopletheyhadnevermet.Theydothisforemotionalkicks.KhalidandDixsuggest:flickingthroughsomeoneelse'sweddingphotos,forexample,allowspeopletodaydreamabouttheirownnuptials.Emailisanotherareawherethingscangetoutofhand.Whileemailhasledtoarevivalofthehabitofpenningshortnotestofriendsandacquaintances,theeasewith,whichwecandothismeansthatwedon'talwaysthinkhardenoughaboutwhereourcasualcommentscouldendup.ThiswastheundoingofUSbroadcasterKeithOlbermann,whoearlierthisyearsentaprivateemailinwhichhedescribedafellowMSNBCreporteras"dumberthanasuitcaseofrocks".UnfortunatelyforOlbermann,thewordsfoundtheirwayintotheNewYorkDailyNews.PamBriggs,aspecialistinhuman-computerinteractionattheUniversityofNorthumbria,UK,saysthelackofcuessuchasfacialexpressionsorbodylanguagewhencommunicatingelectronicallycanleadustoovercompensateinwhatwesay."Themediumissothin,there'slittleroomforprojectingourselvesintoit,"saysBriggs."Whenallthesocialcuesdisappear,wefeelwehavetoputsomethingelseintothevoid,whichisoftenanoveremotionalorover-intimatemessage."ThehabitofforwardingjokeyemailsorYouTubevideos―thinkDietCokeandMentosfountains—canalsosayalotabouthowpeoplewanttobeperceived,Briggsadds."Werarelywanttobeseenastooserious,sowetrytoprojectmoreofourpersonalityintoemail."Thiscouldalsoexplainwhymanybloggersexposeprivateinformationthattheywouldnevershoutouttoacrowdedroom.1.Richardfeltdisgracedwhenhefound（）.2.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingsareconsideredasoneofthewebsyndromes,EXCEPT（）

.3.WhichofthefollowingistruetoWikipedia?4.BrowsingFlickrandsimilarsitesshowsthat（）

.5.Whatdoestheparagraphmainlytalkedabout?问题1选项A.hisarticlewasratedlowB.hegotadysfunctionaltechno-habitC.hecomparedhimselfwitharetiredbasketballplayerD.hebecamemoreegocentric问题2选项A.pryintotheprivateaffairsofothersB.exposinghighlypersonalaffairsonthenetC.surfingforinformationofcolleaguesD.talkingtonearbycolleaguesbyemail问题3选项A.Morethan4000pagesareofferedforedition.B.Morethan2400Wikipediansworkfortheedition.C.Everyonecandotherevisiononthewebpage.D.Theentriescontributetopeople'sdevelopment.问题4选项A.peopledonotcarebecaughtwhilebrowsingthroughother'spicsB.peopleworryaboutuploadingthosepersonalalbumsC.peoplecanmakebetterarrangementoftheirownweddingD.peopleflickthroughother'sphototostimulatetheirownemotion问题5选项A.Thewebinparticularhasopenedupahostofopportunitiesforoverindulgence.B.Drugaddictionsandnon-drughabitssharethesameneuralpathways.C.Peoplecanbecomeaddictedtopotentiallyanythingyoudo.D.Newtechnologieshaverevealedsomeunsuspectedpersonalityproblems.第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】B【解析】motionless不动的,静止的;stagnant停滞的,迟钝的;briskness敏捷,活泼;sluggish行动迟缓的。句意：上周，学校董事会主席GastonCaperton鼓吹SAT数学成绩的提高，也哀叹语文成绩停滞不前。选项B符合句意。2.【答案】B【解析】levity...resignation轻率屈从;enthusiasm...meticulousness热情严谨;vitality...willingness活力乐意;empathy…rigor同情严厉。句意：Marisa是一个细心与热情相结合的人,她一丝不苟、兢兢业业地完成了自己的职责。选项B符合句意。3.【答案】D【解析】alienation疏远,转让;delimitation定界;bareness赤裸,裸露;mayhem蓄意的破坏,故意的伤害罪。句意：政府最近提出了一项雄心勃勃的计划，以解决在一个面积太小的地区，如果有太多的人饮酒太多太快而制造的暴力和混乱。选项D符合句意。

4.【答案】D【解析】theory理论,学说;morass沼泽;fresco壁画;fossil化石。句意：我们第一次发现了化石,它使我们能够把人类进化的第一阶段和第二阶段联系起来。选项D符合句意。5.【答案】A【解析】edgeout替代,挤掉;edgein挤进;edgeaway缓缓移动;edgeon怂恿,鼓励。句意：高果糖玉米糖浆对食品和饮料生产商来说很容易使用,而且已经取代了以前重要的增甜剂——蔗糖或普通的食糖。选项A符合句意。6.【答案】A【解析】loathe讨厌，厌恶;remark评论,谈及;uphold支持,赞成;systematize系统化。句意：他想自己创业，但又讨厌处理工资、应对政府法规和处理收益上的琐事。选项A符合句意。7.【答案】D【解析】regulation管理,规则;basis基础,底部;belief信仰,教义;collapse失败,衰竭。句意：如果没有宗教,道德就不可能存在,那么宗教的侵蚀不就预示着道德的崩溃吗?选项D符合句意。8.【答案】D【解析】main-topmast[航海]主桅中桅；mainstay中流砥柱；mainartery主要干线；mainstream主流。句意：在手机成为美国主流之前，它已经存在了15年。按照这个标准，宽带还有很长的路要走——宽带仅在过去几年才普及。选项D符合句意。9.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:C第4题:A第5题:A【解析】第1题:1.根据第一段的第三句"...grindingpoverty,hunger,anddreadfulneedproceedmorefromtheUnitedStates..."对极度贫困、饥饿和可怕需求的抗议更多地来自美国。选项A正确。2.根据第一段第三句,对极度贫困、饥饿和可怕需求的抗议更多地来自美国,而不是那些生活水平只有美国四十分之一的国家。(非洲和亚洲大部分地区的年人均收入通常为8美元,南美也不例外。)所以美国年人均收入为320美元。3.根据第一段最后一句"...AmericanradicalsdemandaretreatfromanAmericancommitmenttothefarcomersoftheglobe..."美国激进分子要求美国放弃对世界上那些遥远国家的承诺,这样节省下来的钱就可以用来提高美国贫困人口的生活水平。也就是说减少对贫穷国家的财政援助。选项C符合原文。4.根据第二段的三四五句"Peoplehavelearnedthat...selfawareness."人们已经认识到他们的需要是神圣的,权利应该得到满足。他们学会了考虑个人成就和无法忍受的侮辱带来的任何障碍。他们极大地扩展了自我意识的圈子。选项A符合原文。5.根据句意：它通常无法表达,在过去,人们被动地接受它,认为它毫无用处。由此可推断,"它"指的是人们吃苦耐劳的能力,所以选项A正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:10.【答案】C【解析】laudatory...styles赞美的风格；obvious...anecdotes明显的轶事；oblique...allusions拐弯抹角的隐喻；critical...eulogies爱挑剔的颂词。句意：由于作者对她朋友的不恭维是如此的拐弯抹角，所以她很惊讶她的隐喻被发现了。选项C符合句意。11.【答案】A【解析】resignation放弃,顺从;regradation倒退,后退;retiral退休,撤退;reverse相反,倒退。句意：当妻子要求在商场“再多待一会儿”时,丈夫眼中闪现的不耐烦化为了呆滞的放弃。选项A符合句意。12.【答案】D【解析】calledforth引起,唤起;calledback召回;calledup召集,提出;calledfor呼吁,提倡。句意：自从1990年起,环保人士一直呼吁保护亚马逊,因为该地区有着丰富的动植物物种。选项D符合句意。13.【答案】D【解析】knockout击倒;distinguish区别,辨别;overture作动词意为建议;extricate使摆脱,解救。句意：任何一位民主党总统都将试图把美国从伊拉克的混乱中解救出来,但所有人都将面临严格的约束。选项D符合句意。14.【答案】D【解析】treacherous背叛的，奸诈的；fraudulent欺骗性的；avenged报复，报仇；vindicate证明...正确，维护。句意：现在他们认为，他们对总统及其在伊拉克，全球变暖或单边主义政策的问题上的看法，都被证明是正确的，那他们为什么还这么义愤填膺呢？选项D符合句意。15.【答案】A【解析】counteract对抗,阻碍,中和;counterfeit伪造,假冒;counterchange交换,调换;counterbalance抵消,平衡。句意：从一开始,巴基斯坦就拼命对抗印度,与任何愿意帮助它的国家建立联系。选项A符合句意。16.【答案】A【解析】compliance遵从,服从;controversy争论,辩论;quiescence静止,沉默;asseverate郑重声明,断言。句意：我们的网络安全解决方案正被全国各地数百家支持PCI兼容需求的商家所使用。选项A符合句意。17.【答案】1.sparfortime.2.arrangetimeforhimself.3.BecauseBobalwaysarrangeswellwithhisdailyscheduleandworkingtools.4.Allenneedstoburstintothoughtsandrecorditdown,hedoesn'teatnorsleep.5.sparkinspiration.【解析】1.根据第一段的第四句"Theyallhavegoodintentions,buttheykeepputtingoffthemomentwhentheymuststartwork."人们通过拖延时间而浪费时间。2.根据第二段的最后一句"Itiswhenweareresponsiblefororganizingourowntimethattheneedforself-disciplinearises."当我们组织自己的时间时,自律的产生就很有必要了。3.根据第三段的内容可知：Bob的生活特别规律,他把