2023学年完整公开课版语法附录3

1.not...until/till...直到……才……Itis/wasnotuntil...that...Notuntil...＋主句(部分倒装)Ihadn’trealizedthethingwassoseriousuntil/tillshetoldmeaboutit.直到她告诉我，我才意识到这件事多么严重。Itwasnotuntilshearrivedinclassthatsherealizedshehadforgottenherbook.到了教室她才意识到她忘记带书了。Notuntilhereturneddidwehavesupper.直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。2.wouldratherdosth.宁愿做某事wouldrathersb.didsth.宁愿做某事wouldrathersb.haddonesth.宁愿某人过去做过某事wouldratherdosth.thandosth.宁愿做……而不愿做……Hewouldratherworkinthecountryside.他宁可到农村去工作。Iwouldratheryoudidn’tsmokeintheoffice.我希望你不在办公室里抽烟。IwouldratherIhadpassedtheexaminationlastweek.我真希望我上周通过了考试。Shewouldratherdiethanturnagainsthermotherland.她宁可死也不背叛祖国。3.比较等级与倍数句型as＋形容词/副词原级＋as和……一样……as＋many＋可数名词复数＋as...和……一样多……as＋much＋不可数名词＋as...和……一样多……Johnisnearlyastallashisfathernow.约翰差不多和他爸爸一样高了。Hehasbeenintheprofessionforasmanyyearsasyouhave.他在这一行的时间和你一样多。Hehasasmuchinterestinpoliticsasinliterature.他对政治与文学同样感兴趣。A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as＋BA＋be＋倍数＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than＋BA＋be＋倍数＋thesize/length/height/depth/width＋of＋BThissquareisthreetimesasbigasthatone.＝Thissquareistwicebiggerthanthatone.＝Thissquareisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.这个广场是那个的三倍大。4.it句型Itbe＋过去分词(said/believed/hoped/reported/known)＋that...It’snecessary/important/natural/strangethatsb.(should)dosth.Ittakes/tooksb....todo...Itis＋adj.＋(for/of)sb.todosth....It’sapity/shamethat...Itissuggested/required/requested/orderedthatsb.(should)do...ItissaidthathehasbeentoJapan.据说他去过日本。It’snecessarythatJohntaketheexamfirst.约翰有必要先参加考试。Ittookusthreehourstorepairthecar.我们修车花了三个小时。It’snotdifficulttofindoutinformationabouttheprograms.要找到有关这些节目的信息并不难。It’sapitythatsheshouldmissthechancetogoabroad.很遗憾她竟然错过了这次出国的机会。Itisrequiredthatchildren(should)besenttoschoolwhentheyreachtheageforschool.当孩子到了上学年龄的时候应该送去上学。5.系动词look/seem/appear等相关句型Itlooks/seemsasif/though...看起来好像……Itseems/appears(tosb.)that...看起来……(该结构不能用look)Thereseems/appears(tobe)...看起来似乎有……(该结构不能用look)主语＋seems/appears/looks＋(tobe)adj./n....看起来……Itseems/appears(tosb.)asif...看起来好像……Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.看起来要下雨了。Itseems/appearsthatitwillraintonight.看来今夜要下雨。Thereseems/appearstobenodangerthere.那里似乎没有危险了。Helooks/seems/appearstobeverystrong.他看上去很强壮。Helooks/appears/seemstired.他似乎很累。Itseemed/appearedasifhehadknownthetruth.看起来他好像知道了事情的真相。6.表示最高级的常见句式比较级＋than＋anyother＋单数名词比较级＋than＋alltheother＋复数名词比较级＋than＋anything/anyoneelse＋比较范围Heisclevererthananyotherstudentintheclass.他比这个班的其他学生都聪明。Shesangbetterthananyoneelseinthecountry.她比这个国家的任何人唱得都好。(1)比较级的否定形式表示最高级—Didyousleepwelllastnight?—Neverbetter，likearock.——你昨晚睡的怎么样？——从来没这么好过，睡得很死。Nobodylovedmoneybetterthanhedid.没有人比他更贪财。(2)cannot(never)/couldnot(never)与enough/too连用也表示最高级含义，意为“再……也不为过”Youcanneverbetoocareful.你再怎么小心也不过分。(3)完成时＋never＋so＋adj.(adv.)/so＋adj.＋a(n)＋n./such＋(a/an)＋adj.＋n.Ihaveneverseensuchaglorioussunrise.我从来没有看到过如此壮观的日出。Neverbeforehavesomanypeopletakenpartinthemovement.从来没有这么多人参加这个活动。(4)否定词＋so/as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as...NothinginmylifeshookmesodeeplyasthisfirstvisittoChina.在我的一生中给我震撼最大的是我第一次到中国参观。7.使役动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语(1)have＋sb.＋dosth.(＝toletsb.dosth.)使/让某人做某事have＋sb./sth.＋doing让某人/某物持续地进行某一个动作have＋sth./sb.＋done让别人做某事；使某事被做Whatwouldyouhavemedo?你让我做什么？Thefilmhadusallsittingontheedgesofourseatswithexcitement.这部电影让我们大家激动不已。Ihadmytoothpulledoutyesterday.我昨天拔了颗牙。

Pleasehavetheboytakentothestation.请把这个男孩送到车站。(2)getsb.todosth.＝havesb.dosth.让某人做某事getsb./sth.done＝havesth./sb.done请/让人做某事getsth./sb.doing使……动起来Canyoutrytogetthemtobringdown(＝havethembringdown)theprice?你能想法让他们把价格降下来吗？I’llgoandget/havemyhaircut.我将去理发。Don’tlettheincidentgetyouupset.别为这事烦恼。Canyougetthethingflying?你能使这个东西飞起来吗？Whathesaidgotusthinking.他所说的话使我们思考起来。(3)find＋宾语＋宾语补足语，意为“发现/觉得……处于某种状态”find＋宾语＋(tobe)形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词，意为“发现……”Comeandjoininthegame.You’llfindit(tobe)interesting.过来一起做游戏吧，你会觉得它很有趣。

Weseldomfindhimout.我们很少发现他外出。Whenshewokeup，shefoundherselfinthehospital.她醒来时发现自己在医院里。Theyfoundthelostchildhidinginthecave.他们发现那个失踪的孩子藏在山洞里。Wefoundtheplacemuchchanged.我们发现这个地方变化很大。(4)keep/leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语，意为“让/使某人(某物)继续处于某种状态、某地等”Hekeptmewaitingintherain.他让我在雨中等。Hewillneverkeepajobhalfdone.他从来都不会让工作半途而废。Leavethedooropenandyouwillbreathefreshair.让门开着你就会呼吸到新鲜的空气。Don’tleavemewaitingoutsidetoolong.别让我在外面等候太久。Thebadweatherlefttheprojecthalffinished.坏天气使工程只完成一半。8.thesame...as...与……相同……(同一类)thesame...that...与……相同……(同一个)Hehasmadethesamemistakeaslasttime.他犯了和上次相同的错误。ThisisthesamepenthatIlostlastweek.这就是我上周丢失的那支钢笔。9.表示可能性的句型sb./sth.belikelytodo...Itispossiblethat.../(forsb.)todo...Itisprobablethat...(The)Chancesare(that)...There’sachance(that)...Thereisapossibilitythat...Whatdoyouthinkislikelytohappen?你认为可能会发生什么事？Itispossible(foryou)togrowthisflowereveninwinter.即使在冬天(你)也可能种这种花。Itispossiblethatshemighthavegotlostonthewayhome.她有可能在回家的路上迷路了。Itishighlyprobablethathewilltakeoverhisfather’sbusiness.他极可能继承他父亲的事业。(The)Chancesarethathehasalreadyarrived.他可能已经到了。There’salwaysachancethatsomethingwillgowrong.总有可能会出现问题。10.enough相关句型adj./adv.＋enoughtodo...足够……可以做……begood/kindenoughtodosth.劳驾；务请做某事havehadenoughofsth./sb.(对某人/某事)受够了

Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他不小了，可以去上学了。Bekind/goodenoughtoreplyearly.请早日答复。I’vehadenoughofhercontinualchatter.我已厌烦了她喋喋不休的闲谈。I’msurprisedyouhaven’thadenoughofhimyet—Ifoundhimveryboring.你对他还没有受够，我很惊讶——我觉得他很烦人。11.time相关句型Itistimeforsth.到做某事的时间了。Itistime(forsb.)todosth.到(某人)做某事的时间了。It’s(about/high)timethatsb.didsth./shoulddosth.表示

“到了做某事的时间了”。It(This/That)is/wasthefirst/second...time(次数)(year/day)thatsb.have/has/haddonesth.是某人第……次/年/天做某事。every(each)time/thefirsttime/nexttime/thelasttime/bythetime(that)＋从句＋主句

“每一次/第一次/下次/最后一次/到……时候……”Itistimeforlunch.到吃午饭的时间了。It’stimeforyoutogotoschool.你该上学去了。It’stimethatthekidswereinbed/shouldbeinbed.到了孩子们睡觉的时间了。ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavebeentotheGreatWall.这是我第一次去长城。Itwasthethirdtimethatshehadcometothismountainvillagetoseethechildren.这是她第三次来到这个山村看望这些孩子。Bythetimehewasten，hehadlearnedabout2,000Englishwords.到他10岁时，他已经学会了约2000个英语单词。EverytimeIhearthesongIfeelhappy.我每一次听到那首歌都很愉快。ThefirsttimeIsawher，shewasworkinginthefield.我第一次见到她的时候，她正在地里干活。12.before相关句型Itwon’tbe...before...用不了多长时间就会……Itwillbe...before...得过多长时间才……Itwasn’t...before...没过多长时间就……Itwas...before...过了多长时间才……Itis/hasbeen＋时间段＋since...自从……以来已有……(时间)Itwillbealongtimebeforewefinishthetask.我们还需要很长时间才能完成这项工作。Itwasnotalongtimebeforehelearnedtousethecomputer.不久他就学会了使用计算机。ItistwoyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.我开始学英语已有两年了。13.Thereisno＋n.与itisno＋n.相关句型Thereisnoneed(forsb.)todosth.(对某人来说)做……是没有必要的Thereisa(no)possibilitytodosth./ofdoingsth./that...做……(没)有可能性Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……Itisnowonder(that)...＝Nowonder(that)...难怪……Isthereanyneedtoexplainfurther?＝Isthereanyneedforfurtherexplanation?有必要更进一步说明吗？Isthereanypossibilitythathewillbeelectedchairman?他有被选为主席的可能吗？Nowonderthathehaspassedtheexamination.难怪他考试及格了。14.when相关句型was/weredoing(常为延续性动词)＋when＋一般过去时(常为瞬间动词)正在干某事，突然或这时……过去完成时(常为瞬间动词)＋when＋一般过去时，表示“某事刚刚(或快要)完成时，突然发生了另一件事”IwaswalkingalongtheriverwhenIheardadrowningboycryingforhelp.我正沿着河边走，突然听到一个溺水男孩的呼救。Hewasonthepointofwinningwhenhestumbledandfell.他正要获胜时，脚绊了一下，跌倒了。Hewasjustabouttojumpupwhenhefeltsomethingmovingnearhisfeet.他正要站起身，忽然感到有什么东西在他的脚边蠕动。Hesaidhehadjustgotintobedabouthalfpastelevenwhenhefeltthefloorshakingunderhim.他说他十一点半刚刚睡觉，忽然感到地板在摇动。15.too相关句型too...to...太……而不能……too＋adj./adv.＋forsb./sth....对某人/物来说，太……(而不能)onlytoo...todosth.做某事非常……/很……Youaretooyoungtounderstandsuchthings.你太年轻了不懂得这些事情。

Thatcrosswordistoodifficultforme.那种纵横字谜对我来说太难了。Ishallbeonlytoopleasedtogethome.能回到家里我很高兴。16.比较级＋and＋比较级越来越……the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...越……就越……Sheisgettingthinnerandthinner.她变得越来越瘦了。Themoreyouread，themoreyouwilllearn.你读得越多，收获越大。17.adj./adv./n./v.＋as＋主语＋谓语＋主句尽管……但是……Hardasheworked，hefailedintheexam.他学习很努力，但是考试却没有及格。Tryashewill，heneverseemsabletocontrolhimself.尽管他愿意努力，但是他似乎控制不住自己。18.强调句型Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that/who...Where/Who/What/How＋is/was＋it＋that...ItwasIwho