【知识讲解】Unit 1 Vocabulary Learning 说课

VocabularyLearning—association【释义】n.anofficialgroupofpeoplewhohavejoinedtogetherforaparticularpurpose协会，社团；aconnectionorrelationshipbetweenpeopleororganizations关联，联系【例句】NationalBasketballAssociationisreallyagoodplaceforawonderfulbasketballplayerlikeyou.对于像你这样优秀的篮球运动员来说，NBA确实是个好地方。TheyhavemaintainedacloseassociationwithacollegeintheUS.他们和美国一所学院保持了密切联系。【同根词】associatev.将……联系起来；associatedadj.

联合的【常用搭配】[associationwith]Ihavenoassociation

withforeigners.我和外国人没有来往。association/əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃ(ə)n/VocabularyLearning—bond【释义】n.somethingthatformsaconnectionbetweenpeopleorgroups,suchasafeelingoffriendshiporsharedideas纽带；v.todeveloporcreatearelationshipoftrustwithsb增强信任关系;tojointwothingsfirmlytogether;tojoinfirmlytosthelse使牢固结合【例句】Aspecialbondunitesourtwocountries.一种特殊的纽带把我们两国联结起来Diamondmaybestronginitself,butitdoesnotbondwellwithothermaterials钻石本身可能很坚固，但却不易与其他物质很好地黏合。【常用搭配】[abondbetweenAandB]Theexperiencecreatedaveryspecialbondbetweenyouandme.这段经历构成了我们之间一条非常特殊的纽带。bond

/bɒnd/VocabularyLearning—combination【释义】n.twoormorethingsjoinedormixedtogethertoformasingleunit结合体；联合体theactofjoiningormixingtogethertwoormorethingstoformasingleunit联合；混合【例句】Histreatmentwasacombinationofsurgery,radiationanddrugs.对他的治疗是把手术、放射和药物治疗结合为一体。

Thefirmisworkingonanewproductincombinationwithseveraloverseaspartners.这家公司与几家海外合伙人在联合开发新产品。

Thesepaintscanbeusedindividuallyorincombination.

这些涂料可单独或混合使用。【同根词】combinev.结合；联合【语境活用】Wecan’talways________workwithpleasure,andthe____________ishardtoget.(combine)combination/ˌkɒmbɪˈneɪʃn/combinationcombineVocabularyLearning—consume【释义】v.toeatordrinksth吃；喝；饮tousesth,especiallyfuel,energyortime消耗；耗费【例句】Beforehediedhehadconsumedalargequantityofalcohol.他死亡前喝了大量的酒。

Theelectricityindustryconsumeslargeamountsoffossilfuels.电力工业消耗大量的矿物燃料。

The

fact

of

the

matter

is

that

most

people

consume

far

more

protein

than

they

actually

need.

真实的情况是，大多数人摄入的蛋白质比他们实际所需的多出许多。【同根词】consumern.消费者【语境活用】Theairconditionersofthistype____________toomuchelectricity.Many___________complainaboutthis.(consume)consume/kənˈsjuːm/consumersconsumeVocabularyLearning—digest【释义】v.convertfoodintoabsorbablesubstances消化；tothinkaboutsth.sothatsb.canfullyunderstandit领会，领悟，理解n.ashortreportcontainingthemostimportantfactsofalongerreportorpieceofwriting摘要，概要，文摘【例句】Fishiseasytodigestwhenyou’reill.生病时吃鱼容易消化。Ihavedigestedmostoftheimportantpointsinthebook.我领悟了书中大部分要点。【同根词】digestionn.消化【词语辨析】absorb,digest这组词都有“吸收”的意思，其区别是：absorb普通用词，词义广泛，既可指吸收光、热、液体等具体东西，又可指吸收知识等抽象概念的东西；digest侧重在消化道内改变食物的化学结构后被人体吸收。digest/daɪˈdʒest/VocabularyLearning—emotion【释义】n.astrongfeelingsuchasloveoranger,orstrongfeelingsingeneral感情，情感；情绪【例句】Likealotofmen,hefindsithardtoexpresshisemotions.像很多男人一样，他不大会表达自己的感情。TheBritishtraditionallytendnottodisplaymuchemotioninpublic.英国人习惯上不太喜欢在公共场合表露情绪。【常用搭配】[beovercomeby/withemotion]Mymotherwasovercomewithemotionandburstintotears.我母亲控制不住自己的感情，泪如雨下。【同义词】feelingn.感情；感触；情绪【同根词】emotionaladj.情绪的，情感的emotion/ɪˈməʊʃən/VocabularyLearning—emphasise【释义】v.togivespecialimportancetosth.强调，重视；togiveextraforcetoawordorphrasewhenyouarespeaking,especiallytoshowthatitisimportant重读【例句】Heemphasisedhowlittlewasknownaboutthedisease.他强调指出对这种疾病所知甚少。WhichwordshouldIemphasise?我应该重读哪个词？【同根词】emphasisn.重点；强调；加强语气【常用搭配】[emphasisetheimportanceofsth.]TheteacheremphasisedtheimportanceofspeakingEnglisheveryday.老师强调了每天说英语的重要性。emphasise/'emfəsaɪz/VocabularyLearning—enhance【释义】v.toincreaseorfurtherimprovethegoodquality,valueorstatusofsb/sth提高；增强；增进【例句】

Thisisanopportunitytoenhancethereputationofthecompany.这是提高公司声誉的机会。As

a

general

rule,

all

muscular

effort

is

enhanced

by

breathing

in

as

the

effortis

made.通常，肌肉的力量能通过使劲儿吸气增强。Thiswillenhanceyourenjoyment.这会增加你的乐趣。【同义词】boostv.

增强complementv.

增进improvev.

提高【反义词】decreasev.

减少diminishv.

减弱

enhance/ɪnˈhɑːns/VocabularyLearning—essential【释义】pletelynecessary,extremelyimportantinaparticularsituationorforaparticularactivity极其重要的，必不可少的【例句】Waterisessentialtofish.水对鱼来说是必不可少的。Experienceisessentialforthisjob.对于这个工作，经验是非常重要的。【近义词】necessaryadj.必要的；fundamentaladj.

根本的，绝对必要的【同根词】essencen.本质【常用搭配】[Itisessentialthat…]Itisessentialthatyouhavesomeexperience.你必须得有些经验。essential/ɪ'senʃ(ə)l/VocabularyLearning—estimate【释义】v.toformanideaofthecost,size,value,etc.ofsth,butwithoutcalculatingitexactly估计；估算n.

ajudgementthatyoumakewithouthavingtheexactdetailsorfiguresaboutthesize,amount,cost,etc.ofsth估计；估算【例句】Thesatellitewillcostanestimated£400million.这颗卫星估计要耗资4亿英镑。Policeestimatethecrowdat30000.警方估计聚集的人有3万。Atleast5000peoplewerekilled,andthat’saconservativeestimate.至少5000人丧生，这还是个保守的估计。【同根词】estimationn.估计；尊重estimableadj.可估计的【语境活用】Itis__________(estimate)thatsevenmillionpeopleareatriskofstarvation.estimate/ˈestɪmət/estimatedVocabularyLearning—expand【释义】v.tobecomegreaterinsize,numberorimportance扩大，增加，增强【例句】Achild’svocabularyexpandsthroughreading.孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。Ourforeigntradehasexpandedduringrecentyears.近年来我们的对外贸易有所增加。【同根词】expansionn.膨胀，扩张expansiveadj.宽泛的，扩张的【词语辨析】enlarge,increase,expand这组词都有“增加，增大”的意思，其区别是：enlarge主要指面积或体积等的扩大。increase指数量、强度和大小等方面的扩大或增加。expand指范围、程度、体积和尺寸等方面的扩大或增加。expand/ɪkˈspænd/VocabularyLearning—generate【释义】v.toproduceorcreatesomething产生，创造【例句】Wecan’tgenerateenoughpowerfortheentirecity.我们的发电量不够整个城市用。ThePresidentspokeaboutongoingeffortstogeneratejobs.总统谈到了为创造就业机会所做的持续努力。【近义词】producev.生产；createv.

创造【同根词】generationn.一代人【常用搭配】[generateelectricity]Waterpowercanbeusedtogenerate

electricity.水力可以用来发电。generate/ˈdʒenəreɪt/VocabularyLearning—greedily【释义】adv.Ifyoudescribesomeoneas

greedy,youmeanthattheywanttohavemoreofsomethingthanisnecessaryorfair.贪婪地；贪心地【例句】She

ate

noisily

and

greedily.

她吧嗒着嘴狼吞虎咽地吃。

Hegrabbedthebottleanddrankgreedily.他抓起瓶子就贪婪地喝了起来。

Shegazedatthediamondringgreedily.她贪婪地注视着那枚钻石戒指。【同根词】greedyadj.贪婪的；贪心的

greedn.贪婪；贪心【语境活用】Livyatethepasties__________andwithhugeenjoyment.Helookedatthegoldwith__________eyes.(greed)greedily/'griːdɪlɪ/greedygreedilyVocabularyLearning—innovation【释义】n.theintroductionofnewthings,ideasorwaysofdoingsth.革新，创新【例句】Thistechnicalinnovationwillsaveusmuchtimeandlabour.这项技术革新可以为我们节省大量的时间和劳力。Wemustencourageinnovationifthecompanyistoremaincompetitive.如果公司要具有竞争力，我们必须鼓励创新。【近义词】reformationn.革新；renovationn.革新【同根词】innovatev.创新，革新；innovativeadj.创新的，革新的；innovatorn.创新者，革新者innovation/ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/VocabularyLearning—link【释义】v.ifsthlinkstwothings,theyareconnected联系；相关联tomakeaconnection把……连接起来n.

aconnectionbetweentwoormorepeopleorthings联系；连接arelationshipbetweentwoormorepeople,countries关系；纽带【例句】Thevideocamerasarelinkedtoapowerfulcomputer.

这些摄像机是与一台功能强大的计算机相连接的。

Exposuretoultravioletlightiscloselylinkedtoskincancer.暴露在紫外线下与皮肤癌密切相关。

Socialcustomsprovideavitallinkbetweengenerations.社会风俗在代与代之间起到了极其重要的纽带作用。【会应用】Thereisnodenyingthatlungcanceris_________(link)tosmoking.Theirnameshavebeen_______romantically.Clickthe______andseewhathappens.link/lɪŋk/linkedlinkedlinkVocabularyLearning—multiple【释义】adj.many,or

involving

manythings,people,

events

etc数量多的；多种多样的n.

aquantitythatcontainsanotherquantityanexactnumberoftimes倍数【例句】Baxterwasrushedtothehospitalwithmultiplestabwounds.巴克斯特因多处刺伤被紧急送往医院。Hisnewalbumincludesmultipleversionsofthesamesongs.他的新专辑包括同一首歌的多个版本。20isamultipleof5.20是5的倍数。【同义词】manyadj.许多的variousadj.多样的【构词法】multipleadj.多个的tripleadj.三个的

multinationaladj.跨国的multimediaadj.多媒体的multiple/ˈmʌltəpəl/VocabularyLearning—relieve【释义】v.toremoveorreduceanunpleasantfeelingorpain解除；减轻；缓和tomakeaproblemlessserious缓解【例句】The

doctor

drew

off

some

fluid

to

relieve

the

pressure.

医生排掉了一些液体以缓解压力。

Being

able

to

tell

the

truth

at

last

seemed

to

relieve

her.

能够最后讲出真话似乎使她感到轻松。

【同根词】reliefn.宽慰；轻松；解脱relievedadj.感到宽慰的；放心的【语境活用】Muchtoour__________,myfriendbegantopickupafterstayinginhospitalforseveraldays.Drugs

can

________

much

of

the

pain.You’ll

be

__________

to

know

your

jobs

are

safe.

(relieve)relieve/rɪˈliːv/relieverelievedreliefVocabularyLearning—scenery【释义】n.thenaturalfeaturesofanarea风景；景色thepaintedbackgroundthatisusedtorepresentnaturalfeaturesorbuildingsonatheatrestage舞台布景【例句】We

stopped

on

the

mountain

pass

to

admire

the

scenery.我们在山口停下来欣赏风景。

You

will

find

scenery

to

rival

anything

you

can

see

in

the

Alps.

你能看到的景色可与你在阿尔卑斯山所见的任何景色相媲美。

Several

painters

were

working

on

a

huge

piece

of

canvas

which

would

serve

as

the

scenery.几位画家正在一块用作舞台布景的巨大帆布上作画。【同义词辨析】scenery;sight;scenescenery指某一国家或地区的群山、森林等自然风景。sight指眼见的景色，如城市景象或自然风光，也指人造景物或奇特的景象。scene指某地方、图画等中的景色。scenery/ˈsiːn