Unit 10 Section A Grammar focus -4c 人教版八年级英语下册

Unit10I'vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.SectionA3Grammarfocus–4cHowlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?I'vehaditforthreeyears.Howlonghashissonownedthetrainandrailwayset? He’sowneditsincehisfourthbirthday.Haveyoueverplayedfootball?Yes,IdidwhenIwaslittle,butIhaven'tplayedforawhilenow.GrammarFocusfor和since在现在完成时中的应用for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：（1）for后须接“时间段”HehasstudiedEnglishforfiveyears.他学英语5年了。（2）since后须接“时间点”

HehasstudiedEnglishsince1999.他从1999年开始学英语。（3）二者可以转换for+一段时间=since+一段时间+agoHehasbeenhereforfiveweeks.=Hehasbeenheresincefiveweeksago.他到这儿已经有五个星期了。如：HehastaughtheresincehecametoChina.自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。Wehavebeenfriendssincewemetinschool.我们从在学校见面起就成为了好朋友。(4)since能引导时间状语从句(主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时)，而for则不能。（5）现在完成时常用句型：①Itis(hasbeen)+时间段+since+时间状语或从句ItisfourdayssincelastFriday.从上周五到现在已经四天了。IthasbeentwoyearssinceJimcametoBeijing.吉姆来北京已经两年了。②Thisisthefirst(second…)timethat+从句句型中的that从句通常使用现在完成时。如：ThisisthefirsttimethatJennyandDannyhavebeentoChina.这是珍妮和丹妮第一次来屮国。ThisisthethirdtimethatIhaveseenKaren.这是我第三次见到Karen。（6）均须与延续性动词连用，也可以与非延续性动词的否定式连用。如:Ihaveboughtthiscomputersincefouryearsago.(×)Ihavehadthiscomputersincefouryearsago.(√)Ihaven’tboughtanythingfortwomonths.(√)Ihaven’theardfromhimfor3weeks.(√)

此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词(否定句除外)。1.这本书我买了5年了。

Ihaveboughtthebookforfiveyears.()I’vehadthebookforfiveyears.()×√句中动词的特点2.你哥哥参军多长时间了？

Howlonghasyourbrotherjoinedthearmy?(

)Howlonghasyourbrotherbeeninthearmy/beenasoldier?()×√1.转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。

borrow—keepbuy—haveputon—wearcatchacold—haveacoldgettoknow—knowgettosleep—sleep非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换2.转化为“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词”

begin/start—beon goout—beout close—beclosed open—beopen getto/arrive/reach—be(in) die—bedead leave—beawayfinish—beoverfallsleep—beasleepjoin—bein/beamemberofbecome—bemakefriends—befriendscome/go/—be+相应的介词短语1.She_______thisbookfornearlythreeweeks.A.hasborrowedB.haslentC.hasboughtD.haskept2.Tenyearshaspassed____theCCTVeventPeopleWhoMovedChinatookplacein2002.A.whenB.whileC.beforeD.since√√Exercises4aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.Theyhavebeenhungryfortenhours/sincetenhoursago.JimhasbeeninJapanforthreeyears.3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009.4.IknowAnna.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.Ihavehadacamerasince2009.IhaveknownAnnforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday.4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.I_______________(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto_____(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_________________(neverown)anypets,butthey___________(alwayswant)tohaveadog.haveneverbeengohaveneverownedalwayswant3.We_________(have)apianosincelast November.We_______(buy)itfrom theLifamilywhentheymovedtothe USlastyear.4.CathyandAmy____________(notbe) backtotheirhometownfortwoyears. They______(miss)theirhometowna lotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.havehadboughthaven’tbeenmiss5.Thismuseum_________(be)herefor over20years.It_____(be)oneofthe oldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.

hasbeenisFillinthequestionsandasktwostudents.Thencompletethechart.1.Doyouhavea(n)________?Howlonghaveyouhadit?2.Doyouowna(n)________?Howlonghaveyouownedit?Groupwork4cThingsHowlongTonyfavoritebookbasketballfortwoyearssincehewas10yearsoldstudent1Student2课时重点回顾Review1.现在完成时表示动作或状态在过去已经开始持续到现在可能还要持续下去，常和for,since引导的表示一段时间