第13练非谓语动词-2022年八年级英语（牛津上海版）（原卷版）

第13练非谓语动词高频考点：1．动词不定式作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语的用法。2．动名词的用法。3．现在分词和过去分词的用法。动词不定式：知识点1:常用动词不定式作宾语的情况英语中常用动词不定式作宾语的一般有以下几种情况：(1)在动词want，hope，wouldlike，decide，wish，like等后常跟动词不定式作宾语。HowIwishtoseemyoldfriendsagain!我是多么想再见到我的老朋友啊!Ireallyliketowatchfootballmatches.我非常喜欢看足球赛！(2)在find/feel+it+形容词+todosth句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式。Ifinditnecessarytolookintotheworld.我发现放眼世界很有必要。(3)有些动词，如tell,ask，advise,show，teach．forget,remember，see,wonder，findout，decide，discuss等，后面常用带连接词的动词不定式作宾语。Idon'tknowwhattodo.我不知道怎么办。Let'sdiscusswheretogofirst.咱们讨论一下先去哪里知识点2：动词不定式作宾语补足语时to何时该省略某些动词后面要求跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，这种情况主要有以下三类：(1)感官动词see，hear，watch，lookat,listento,feel，notice等，(2)使役动词make，let，have等；(3)固定搭配及句型中接不带to的不定式做宾补．whynot(dosth.)．hadbetter(dosth.)，wouldrather(dosth),Will/Wouldyouplease(dosth.).知识点3：不定式作定语的要求不定式作定语一般要后置，不定式与其所修饰的词之问有两种关系。一是不定式与其修饰的同有逻辑上的动宾关系,若动词为不及物动词,其后面的介词不可以省略。二是被修饰词与不定式之间是主谓关系，被修饰词是不定式的逻辑主语知识点:4:不定式作状语的重点结构动词不定式在句中作状语，多表示目的，原因和结果等。常用的重点结构如下：(1)too+adj./adv.+todo结构表示“太……而不能”，常和“so..that..”及“not..enough...todosth”互换。Thegirlistooyoungtogotoschool=Thegirlissoyoungthatshecan'tgotoschool.=Thegirlisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.这女孩太小，不能上学。(2)inordertodosth/soastodosth短语常用作状语，表示”为了”。inordertoachievemydream，Imuststudyhard为实现梦想，我必须努力学习。(3)so+adj./adv.+to...如此……以至于……）结构。Youaresokindtotellmethetruth你直好，告诉了我真话。知识点5:Itis/was+形容词+for/ofsb.todo句型在此句型中，of或for引导不定式的逻辑主语sb其中，forsb句型常用表示客观情况的形容词：easy．difficult．hard等，这时形容词描述不定式的特征和性质；ofsb句型常用表示主观感情或态度的形容词：careful．clever，foolish.kind．nice等．这时形容词描述sb的性质、身份和特征。知识点6:动词不定式作主语与动名词作主语的区别动词不定式和动名词可用作句子的主语．且常用it作形式主语，而将不定式或动名词放在句子后面。不定式作主语表示一次的，具体的动作，动名词作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验。知识点7:短语中介词to与to作不定式符号的用法区别英语中有些短语中的to为介词，故其后需接动名词作宾语，不能把它们误当作动词不定式而跟动词原形。初中阶段常见to作为介词的短语有lookforwardtodoingsth.“渴望做某事”．Payattentiontodoingsth“注意……”，makeacontributionto“为……作贡献”，devote...to..“把……用于……”.beusedtodoingsth“习惯做某事”。常考不定式做动宾：三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide不要假装在选择：pretend，choose【速记口诀】①“一准备”即prepare。②“二决定”即decide和determine。③“三要求”即ask，demand，request。④“四希望”即desire期望，expect盼望，hope希望，wish愿望。动名词：【动名词成份】动名词做宾语动宾enjoy/finish/keep/practice/mind/suggest/consider/avoid/admit/deny/imagine/giveupdoing/preferdoingtodoing…介宾lookforwardtodoing；be/get/becomeusedtodoing；insteadofdoinghavedifficulty/trouble(in)doing；spend/wastesometime(in)doing动名词做主语Playingcomputergamesisaverypopularwayforpeopletorelax.(play)动名词做表语Myhobbyisswimming/Myfavoritesportsisswimming动名词做定语aswimmingpool/asleepingbag（相当于形容词，说明名词功能）【注】：动名词否定形式为notdoing结构。难点:某些动词或短语动词接动词不定式与接V-ing形式作宾语的意义差别某些动词后接不定式和V-ing形式作宾语意义不同，常见的有下列动词：(l)stopdoing..停止做（原有的动作）；stoptodo停下来去做（另一件事）。(2)forgetdoing忘记做过（已做）……；forgettodo忘记要做（未做）……。(3)Rememberdoing...记得做过（已做）……；remembertodo记得要做（未做）……。(4)regretdoing后悔曾做过……；regrettodo很遗憾要做……。(5)meandoing意味着做某事；meantodo.打算做某事。(6)trytodosth尽力做某事，trydoingsth尝试做某事。(7)see/hear/watch/noticesb.Dosth=see／hear/watch/noticesb.doingsth。前一种用法省略不定式符号to．表示do这一动作的全过程；后一种用法表示do这一动作正在进行。(8)goontodosomething是做完一件事紧跟着做另一件事；而goondoingsomething是在做一件事的.一、单项选择1．Anexperiencedguideisrequired________theadventureintothemountains.A．organize B．toorganize C．organized D．organizing2．WhenIwalkedpastthemusicroom,Iheardsomeone________thepianoinit.A．toplay B．played C．playing D．play3．Amyturnedoffherdesktopaftershefinished________thereportontheschoolproject.A．write B．towrite C．writing D．wrote4．BeatingFanZhendongintheTokyoOlympics,MaLongbecamethefirstplayerback-to-back(连续的)________Olympictitlesinthemen’ssingles’competition.(男子单打头衔)A．towin B．won C．winning D．towinning5．Jacktriedhisbesttomakehiscomicstrips________tolife.A．come B．came C．coming D．tocome6．Nicklikestravellingandheisalwaysgoodat________cheapflightsonline.A．found B．find C．finds D．finding7．Theofficerrefused________themanenterthehallbecausehedidn’twearamask.A．let B．tolet C．lets D．letting8．IcanrecognizethesingerbecauseIremember________himsomewhere.A．interview B．interviewed C．tointerview D．interviewing9．Sinceyou’vemadeadecision________abroad,youhavetodependonyourself.A．study B．tostudy C．studied D．studying10．Thecrewspentthreedaysinspace_________theEarthmorethan15timeseachday.A．circle B．tocircle C．circling D．tocircling11．IsawTom________footballwithhisclassmatesatthreethisafternoon.A．plays B．played C．playing D．toplay12．Billoftenpretends________inclass,butactuallyhedoesn’tatall.A．understand B．understanding C．understood D．tounderstand13．Heisamanwithstrongwillandnothingwillmakehim________hismind.A．tochange B．change C．changing D．changed14．Daisyisconsidering________anewbedforherson.Theoldoneistoosmall.A．buy B．tobuy C．buying D．bought15．TheAfricandoctorshope________withtheChinesemedicalteamonceagain.A．work B．towork C．working D．worked二、阅读回答问题AboycalledMariohadmanyfriends,andhewasproudofit.Whoeverhemet,hewouldliketoshowoffhowpopularhewasatschool.Oneday,hisgrandpasaidtohim,“Mario,Iknowthatyoudon’thaveasmanyfriendsasyouthink.Manyofthemarenottruetoyou.”Mariothoughtmaybehisgrandpawasright.However,hedidn’tknowthewaytotestwhetherhisschoolmateswererealfriendsornot,soheaskedhisgrandpa.Theoldmananswered,“Ihavejustexactlywhatyouneed.It’sinmyroom.Waitaminute.”Theoldmanleft.Soonhereturnedasif(好像)hecarriedsomethinginhishand,butMariocouldseenothingthere..“Takeit.It’saverymagicchair.Becauseit’sinvisible,itwillbehardforyoutositonit.However,ifyoumanagetositonityoucanusethechair’smagicpowertotellwhoyourrealfriendsare.”Thenextday,Mariotookthestrangeinvisiblechairtoschool.Atbreaktime,heaskedeveryonetoformacircle,andheputhimselfinthemiddlewithhischair.“Nobodymoves.You’reabouttoseesomethingamazing.”saidMario.Thenhetriedsittingonthechair.Ir’sdifficultforhimtoseethechair,sohemissedandfellontheground.Everyonelaughed.“Wait!Wait!”saidMario,andhemadeanothertry.Butagainhemissedtheseat.Mariodidn’tgiveup.Hekepttryingtositonthemagicchair.Finally,hedidit.Thistimehefelthimselfinmid-chair.Thenheexperiencedthemagicthathis