高二英语译林版选修六讲义UNIT4SECTIONⅤ

Ⅰ.Readthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．Whichofthefollowingactivitieswasn'ttheauthorinvolvedin?A．Theburialofdeadbodies.B．Thefortingoflocalpeople.C．Thecleaningofthehealthcentre.D．Thebuildingofafortablehospital.2．Theauthorarrivedattheislandtofindeverythingwas________.A．inorderB．inchaosC．indangerD．ingoodcondition3．WhileinSudan,theauthorandtheothermembersofthemedicalteamgavechildrenshotstostopthemdyingfromdiseasesin________.A．citiesB．villagesC．schoolsD．hospitals4．WhentheauthorthinksbacktowhatshehasdonesincejoiningDoctorswithoutBorders,shefeels________.A．nervousB．sorryC．luckyD．surprised5．Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat________.A．thestaffinDoctorswithoutBorderswereseldomindangerB．theauthorfeltafraidwhengivingshotstolocalpeopleC．manypeopleinthefloodedareahadpsychologicalproblemsD．thedamagetotheislandwasrepairedsoonbythelocalgovernment答案：Ⅱ.Fillineachblankwithnomorethanthreewordsaccordingtothetext.Mfession/occupation/career/job/workAnurseworkingforDoctorswithoutBordersMyworkingareasSudanwithmuchfighting2.A_flooded_island3.Problems/Situationsthelocalpeopleface4.Sandwasblowinghereandtherebecauseofdryclimate.•Thehospital,which5.failstobeusedatthemoment,isbadlydamagedandinamess.•Itisdifficulttogoaroundwithmudandwatereverywhere.•Peoplewhoneedtotakemedicinesregularlyhaveno6.accesstothem.•Cutsandwoundstakealongtimetogetbetterandbacteriaspreadeasilyduetothewater.•Thereis7.a_lack_ofshelter,foodandcleanwater.Whatwedotohelp•Settingupcentrestoensurepeoplegetfood•Checkingbabies'healthtoensurethatthey8.gain_weight•Givingshotstochildrentopreventthemdyingfromdiseases•Settingupatemporaryclinic•Buryingthekilledpeopleassoonaspossibletostopdiseasespreading•Listeningtoand9fortingmanylocalpeopleMyfeelingsabouttheexperiences•Ifeelveryfortunatetohavebeenabletohelpothersanddosomethingworthwhile.•Ihavelearnedto10.appreciatewhatIhaveandlookatthingsfromanotherangle.•Itakeprideinofferinghelpandmakingadifferencetopeople'slives.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Shediscussedtheideawithsomeofhercolleagues(同事)．2．Ourclotheshadgotabitdamp(潮湿的)intherainydays.3．Bacteria(细菌)isthepluralformofbacterium.4．Theteachingstaff(全体员工)ofthisschoolis/areexcellent.5．Theysoonovercamethelanguagebarrier(障碍)．6．Thestrongwindleftthegardeninchaos(乱七八糟)．7．Theyfoundshelter(藏身之处)fromthestorminabarn.8．Seenfromthisangle(角度),thewomaninthepictureissmiling.Ⅱ.拓展词汇9．mitmentn．承诺，保证；投入，奉献；不得不做的事→mitv．承诺；投入；犯(罪或错等)10．vacantadj.空着的，未被占用的；(职位)空缺的→vacancyn．空缺；空处11．muddyadj.多泥的，泥泞的→mudn．泥12．crowdn．人群v.挤满，塞满，使拥挤→crowdedadj.拥挤的13．remindvt.提示，使想起→remindern．提示者14．interpretern．口译工作者，口译译员→interpretv．口译15．assistantn．助理，助手adj.助理的，副的→assistv．帮助[巧记单词]派生词mitment→mit＋mentassistant→assist＋antⅢ.补全短语1．inchaos处于混乱状态2．inamess杂乱不堪3．putonweight发胖4．fromplacetoplace从一地到另一地5．getholdof得到；抓住6．remindsomebodyof让人想起……，提示某人……7．thinkbackto回想8．makeadifference有作用(关系、影响)9．becrowdedwith挤满10．belimitedtodoingsth.被限制在做某事上1．[教材原句]Insteadofsandblowingeverywhere,thereismudandwatereverywhere,makingitdifficulttotravelfromplacetoplace.这里没有沙尘飞扬，我们看到的处处是泥浆和水，这使得从一地方到另一地方的行程变得很困难。[句型点拨]句中makingitdifficult...是动词ing短语作结果状语。[佳句赏析]Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago,leavingherwiththreechildrentolookafter.她丈夫十年前去世了，撇下她和三个孩子。2．[教材原句]Itseemsthatmanypeopleherejustneedtotalk,soIamfindingthatmyjobisnotlimitedtobeinganurse.在这儿，很多人好像就是要和你交谈，所以，我发觉我的工作不仅仅是做护士。[句型点拨]在Itseemsthat...分句中，that引导表语从句。[佳句赏析]Itseemsthatnooneknowswhathashappenedinthepark.好像没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。eq\a\vs4\al([课文对译])Changingtheworld—mymitment20OctoberArrivedheretofindeverythingwasinchaos.Havenothadtimetowritemydiaryforawholeweek.Thewholeislandisflooded.Manyofthepeoplehavefledtothemountainstoescape.Thehospitalisbadlydamagedandinamess；itcannotbeusedatthemoment.Thisisanewexperienceforme.Usually,Iamworkinginareasthathavedryclimates,suchasKenyaandSudan.InSudan，wesetupcentrestoensurethatpeoplegotfood,andwecheckedthehealthofbabiestomakesuretheywereputtingonweight.Wealsogavechildrenshotstostopthemdyingfromdiseases.However,thatcampaignwasconductedinvillageswheretherewaslotsoffighting,farfromthecity.Runningfromoneplacetoanotherbecameawayoflife.Thesituationisverydifferenthere,asaretheproblems.Insteadofsandblowingeverywhere,thereismudandwatereverywhere,makingitdifficulttotravelfromplacetoplace.Yesterday,mycolleaguesonthemedicalteamandI(twodoctors,onenurse—me—andtwoassistants)foundavacanthealthcentreonthenorthsideofthetown.Wearegoingtosetupatemporaryclinicthere.Medicalsuppliesarenowontheirwayfromabroad.Wehavestartedtocleanthehealthcentre.Oneofthehealthproblemsisthatpeoplewhoneedtotakemedicinesregularlycannotgetholdoftheminadisastersuchasthis.Smallinjuriesalsoneedtobetakencareof,especiallyasitissomuddyanddamp.Themajorityofwoundsarefromwallsandroofsthathavefallenonpeople.Thewatermakesitdifficultforthecutsandwoundstogetbetterandeasyforbacteriatospread.Meanwhile,intherestofthecity,shelterandaccesstofoodandcleanwaterarebigproblems.Thefieldsandharvesthavebeendestroyed,andsoalackoffoodwillbeaprobleminthefuture.Foodhasstartedtoarrive,butthisisaproblemaspeoplehavestartedtoworrythattheywillnotgetenough.Thismorning,therewerefightsascrowdsofpeopletriedtogetfood.ItremindedmeofmytimeinSudan,whereseveralDoctorswithoutBordersstaffwereattackedaspeopletriedtogetthefood.OnegoodthinghereisthatmanypeoplecanspeakEnglishorFrench.Thismakesiteasiertomunicateandfindoutaboutpeople'sproblems.Whenyoucan'tspeakthesamelanguage,itissometimesverydifficulttofindoutwhatiswrongwithsomeone.However,myactingskillsareverygood,soIcanstillmunicatewithpeople,evenwhenthereisalanguagebarrierandnointerpreteraround.Itseemsthatmanypeopleherejustneedtotalk,soIamfindingthatmyjobisnotlimitedtobeinganurse.Itisalsobeingapersonwhocanlistentoandfortothers.Itisquitehorribletoimaginelosingeverything,includingsomeofyourfamily.Ourfirstjobherewastotrytoorganizeaplacetoburythepeoplewhowerekilled.Weneededtodothisassoonaspossibletostopdiseasespreading.ThatwasareallyhorriblejobandIfeltsosorryfortheirrelatives.WhenIthinkbacktoalltheexperiencesthatIhavehadaroundtheworldsincejoiningDoctorswithoutBorders,IfeelthatIhavebeenveryluckytobeabletohelpothersanddosomethingworthwhile.NowImustthinkabouttomorrow.WehopetheclinicwillbeopenandthenIwon'thaveanytimetowritemydiary.ThisexperiencemakesmeappreciateallthethingsIhaveandgivesmethechancetoseethingsfromanotherangle.IknowIcan'tchangethewholeworld,butI'mproudthatIcanhelphereandthere,andmakeadifferencetopeople'slives.转变世界——我的义务10月20日到达这里后我发觉一切都是乱糟糟的。已经整整一周抽不出时间写日记了。整个岛屿都患病了洪水的侵袭。很多人为躲避洪水都逃到了山上。医院严峻被毁，已是一片狼藉，目前无法使用了。这一切对我来说是一种新的体验。通常状况下，我都是在那些气候枯燥的地区工作，如肯尼亚和苏丹。在苏丹，我们设立中心，确保人们能够得到食物；我们还检查婴儿的健康状况，确保婴儿的体重在增加。我们还给孩子们打针，不让他们死于疾病。然而，这场救助活动是在远离城市的乡村进行的，这里战乱频繁。辗转奔波已经成了家常便饭。这里的情形很不一样，所存在的问题也不同。这里没有随处飞扬的沙尘，但处处都是泥浆和水，因此从一个地方转移到另一个地方特别困难。昨天，医疗队里我的同事和我(两名是医生，我是护士，还有两名助手)在城镇的北边发觉了一个废弃的医疗中心。我们预备在那里设立一个临时诊所。来自海外的医疗设备正在运输途中。我们已经开头清理这个医疗中心。有关健康的问题之一是：那些需要定期服药的病人遇到这样的灾难无法得到药品。稍微伤口也需要处理，特殊是在如此泥泞和潮湿的状况下。大多数病人的伤口是由于墙壁和屋顶坍塌后落在人身上所致。这里的水使伤口难以愈合，也易于细菌的传播。与此同时，在这座城市的其他地区，住宅、食物和洁净水的供应都成了大问题。土地和庄稼都毁了，所以将来食物匮乏会成为一个问题。食品已开头抵达，但这是一个问题，由于人们开头担忧自己是否能够得到足够的食物。今日上午由于争抢食品，发生了几次殴斗。这使我想起了在苏丹的那段时间，当时人们哄抢食物，有好几名“无国界医生组织〞的工作人员受到了攻击。在这里有一个有利因素，就是很多人都会说英语或法语。这让彼此之间的沟通变得简单多了，也易于了解他们的各种问题。当你不能说同一种语言时，有时你就很难弄清对方的问题。不过，我有很好的表演技巧，所以在甚至没有翻译员而又存在语言障碍时，我依旧能与他们沟通。在这里，很多人好像就是要和你交谈，所以，我发觉我的工作不仅仅是做护士了，我还是一个倾听别人倾诉和抚慰别人的人。想象一下，失去一切，其中包括你的局部家人，是多么的可怕。我们在这里做的第一件事就是找块地方掩埋那些死去的人。我们需要尽快做这件事，以阻挡疾病的扩散。这真是一件特别可怕的工作，我为那些死者的亲属感到特别难受。回想起我参与“无国界医生组织〞以来在全世界范围的全部经受，我觉得自己特别幸运，能够关心别人做一些有价值的事情。现在，我得考虑明天的事了。我们盼望诊所明天能开门，到那时我就没有时间写日记了。这一经受让我珍惜自己所拥有的一切，并给了我从另一个角度看待事物的时机。我知道我无法转变整个世界，但我挺骄傲，由于我能处处关心，能对人们的生活起作用。1．(教材P62)Changingtheworld—mymitment转变世界——我的义务★mitmentn．[C，U]承诺，保证；[C]已承诺的事，不得不做的事；[U]投入，奉献(常与介词to连用)(1)makeamitment(to...)(对……)作出承诺carryoutone'smitment履行承诺(2)mitvt.承诺；犯(错误、罪)vi.忠于，全心全意投入mitoneself/sb.to(doing)sth.承诺做某事mittosb./sth.全身心地投入……①eandlookroundourshopwithoutmitmenttobuysomething.请随时来我们店转转，不肯定非要买东西。②Shedoesn'twanttomakeabigemotionalmitmenttoSteve.她不想对史蒂夫在感情上作出重大承诺。③ThePresidentis_mitted_to_reforming_health_care.总统承诺卫生保健制度。2．(教材P62)Oneofthehealthproblemsisthatpeoplewhoneedtotakemedicinesregularlycannotgetholdoftheminadisastersuchasthis.影响到健康的问题之一是，那些需要定期服药的病人遇到这样的灾难后很难得到药品。★getholdof得到；抓住；找到(某人)；与(某人)联系；把握，开头理解(1)catchholdof抓住，捉住，握住，占有(2)getalongwith进展；相处getawaywith躲避getdownto(doing)sth.着手做某事getridof除去；摆脱①I'dliketogetholdoftwoticketsfortheconcert.我想得到两张音乐会的票。②Imanagedtocatchholdofthecupbeforeitfellontotheground.我设法在茶杯落地之前抓住了它。③Badhabitsarenoteasyto_get_rid_ofonceyoudevelopthem.坏习惯一旦养成，你会很难改掉。3．(教材P63)ItremindedmeofmytimeinSudan,whereseveralDoctorswithoutBordersstaffwereattackedaspeopletriedtogetthefood.这使我想起了在苏丹的生活，当时有好几名无国界医生组织的工作人员由于人们哄抢食品而受到了攻击。★remindvt.提示，使想起remindsb.of/aboutsth.提示某人某事remindsb.todosth.提示某人做某事remind(sb.)that/how/when...提示(某人)……①Theoldpicturesremindedmeofmychildhood.这些老照片让我想起了我的童年。②Besuretoremind_her_to_e_backearly.肯定提示她早点回来。③Pleaseremind_me_whenhewillleaveforShanghai.请提示我一下他去上海的时间。4．(教材P63)WhenIthinkbacktoalltheexperiencesthatIhavehadaroundtheworldsincejoiningDoctorswithoutBorders,IfeelthatIhavebeenveryluckytobeabletohelpothersanddosomethingworthwhile.回想起我参加无国界医生组织以来在世界各地的全部经受，我觉得自己特别幸运，能够关心别人做一些有价值的事情。★thinkbackto回想thinkof考虑；想出；想象thinkhighly/wellof高度评价thinklittle/badlyof认为不好；评价不好①Whathesaidmademethinkbacktothedayswespentinthesummercamp.他说的话使我想起我们在夏令营度过的时间。②Thinking_back_to_my_lifeinearlyyears,Ifeelabitsad.想起我早年的生活，我感到有点难受。③Whenwefeelothersthink_badly_ofus,itmakesusfeelbad,sowetrytoavoidthis.当我们觉得别人认为我们不好时我们会感到很懊丧，所以我们尽量防止此类状况发生。5．(教材P63)IknowIcan'tchangethewholeworld,butI'mproudthatIcanhelphereandthere,andmakeadifferencetopeople'slives.我知道我无法转变整个世界，但我能处处助人，并能给人们的生活以乐观的影响，我颇感骄傲。★makeadifference有作用(关系、影响)makesomedifferenceto与……有些关系makemuchdifferenceto与……有很大关系makeallthedifferenceto对……关系重大；使大不相同makenodifferenceto与……没有关系tellthedifferencebetween区分……①It'swhatyoudotodaythatwillmakeadifferencetoyourlifetomorrow.是你今日的成就使你的明天与众不同。②Whatwecandowillmakemuchdifferencetooursociety.我们所能做的事情会对我们的社会产生很大的影响。③Justawordortwoattherightmomentcanmake_all_the_difference_tosomeone.在适当时刻只言片语的鼓舞足以令人改观。6．Insteadofsandblowingeverywhere,thereismudandwatereverywhere,makingitdifficulttotravelfromplacetoplace.这里没有沙尘飞扬，我们看到的处处是泥浆和水，这使得从一个地方到另一个地方的行程变得很困难。[用法分析1]句中的makingitdifficulttotravelfromplacetoplace是动词­ing短语作结果状语。①Janefelloffthebike,cuttingherleg.简从自行车上掉下来，划破了腿。②Theyoungpeoplegotoworkinbigcities,leaving_the_elderly_and_their_kidsathome.年轻人都到大城市打工去了，家里只留下老人和孩子。[名师点津]不同的“结果；现在分词表示必定的结果，前可加thus；不定式表意外的结果，前可加only。③Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory,thusresultinginanincreaseinproduction.这家工厂安装了很多新机器，因而产量增加了。④Ihurriedtoschool,only_to_findthatitwasSunday.我匆忙忙忙去了学校，结果发觉是周日。(意料之外的结果)[用法分析2]句中用的是“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语〞结构，即“动词＋it＋adj./n.＋todosth./that从句〞结构，该结构意为“使(做)某事变得……〞。可用于这一结构的动词还有find,feel,think,believe,consider等。⑤Whereverheis,hemakesitaruletotakepartinphysicallabour.不管他在哪里，他通常都会参与体力劳动。⑥Wethink_it_wrongthatthechildwasleftaloneinthehouse.我们认为把孩子单独一个人留在家里是不对的。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．CanyougetholdofMikeandtellhimthemeetinghasbeenpostponed?2．Thephotosonthewallremindmymotherofthosehappy,olddayswhenalargefamilylivedtogether.3．Theteacher'swordsmadesuchagreatdifferencetoherlifethatshewouldn'thaveachievedherdreamofbeingawriterwithouthim.4．Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,killing(kill)allfourpeopleonboard.5．Yourdeskiscrowdedwithtoomanyunnecessarythings.Youhavetoremovesomeofthem.6．Thehousewasinchaosaftertheparty,andittookmemorethanonehourtocleanitup.7．Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforitto_be_reused(reuse)．8．ChattingonWeChatforalongtime,Marylookeduponlyto_find(find)thatitwas1：00am,longpastherusualbedtime.9．Thephotosmademethinkbacktomystayinthecountryside.10．IfeltIdidn'thavetomakesuchamitment(mit)tothem.Ⅱ.完成句子1．It_seems_that(好像)theworldisgettingsmallerandsmaller.2．Thinkofaplacewhere_we_can_go_for_dinner(我们可以去那里吃晚饭)．3．Thechildslippedandfell,hitting_his_head_against_the_door(头撞到了门上)．4．Europeanfootballisplayedinmanycountries,making_it_the_most_popular_sport_in_the_world(使它成为世界上最普及的一项体育运动)．5．It_could_make_a_difference(可能有影响)betweenmissingyourtrainandgettingtoworkontime.[对应同学课下力量提升(十六)]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Freeroomandboardareprovidedforallhotelstaff(全体员工)．2．Hewasoneofthelastofthecrowdtopassthroughthebarrier(障碍)．3．Thepicturereminded(使想起)meofthehappytimeIhadspentwithmyparents.4．Theescapedcriminalwascaughtinhisshelter(藏身之处)whenthepoliceweresearchingthemountain.5．Withoutrules,peoplewouldliveinchaos(混乱)．6．Acolleague(同事)referstoapersonwhoworksinthesameofficeordepartmentandsoon.7．Ourmitment(承诺)willbeofthehighestorder.8．Wedrovealongamuddy(泥泞的)roadtoreachthefarmhouse.Ⅱ.选词填空becrowdedwith，getholdof，thinkbackto，intears，makeadifference，makeamitment1．Hegot_hold_ofmyhands,andthankedmeagainandagain.2．I'vebeentryingtothink_back_tothatlastevening.3．Ifhewasabletogetothers'encouragement,itwouldmake_a_differencetoachild.4．Havingheardhisfunnystory,weallburstintolaughterandsomewereevenin_tears.5．Oncehemakes_a_mitment,_hewillkeephispromisenomatterwhathappens.6．Hishouseis_crowded_withpeoplewhoetovisithimeveryday.Ⅲ.完形填空Holidaysoftenincludeplanstoreturnhome.SinceIliveclosetomyparents'home,I__1__havethischance.Oneday,Ioverhearda(n)__2__betweenmydadandhiscaregiver,Sonny.ThestrokeleftDad'sleftsideinasleepystatebutthesituationwas__3__withhisstrokerehabilitation(中风康复).However,he__4__needshelpwithmoving,dressing,somethingthatwewoulddowithourleftside.Hemust__5__acaregivertohelphim.Thatdaywasparticularly__6__asmydad'sarmsandlegswerenotactingproperly.ThatmadeDadvery__7__.ItwasduringthatdaythatIoverheardSonnytellDadsomething__8__.Sonnysaid,“Don't__9__，Bill,Iwillbeyourleftsidetoday.〞AndIwaslostinthoughtsofgratitude(感谢)forSonnyandhisexpressionof__10__.Sonnydidn'tsay,“Leanonme__11__Iwilldoitall.〞He__12__Dad'sdignity(尊严)andworth.Sonnysawwhatneededtobedoneanddidit,assuringDadthathewasthereas__13__.Haveyou__14__anyoneyourleftside?Thisishardforme__15__Iamthespokespersonfortheclubwiththetitle,“IfIcandoanything,justletme__16__.〞Iamwillingtohelppeopleandalways__17__forotherpeopletoetomeandtellmetheyneedhelp.Toturnintention(意图)intoactionisthebalanceI__18__.ButSonnyturnedintentionintoaction.Heclearlyknewanother's__19__andacted.Heservedthatdayand__20__todaytoserveasmydad'sleftside.语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文。作者假期探访父母时偶然听到瘫痪在床的父亲和护工桑尼的一段对话，让作者感受颇深。1．A.hardly B．particularlyC．simply D．frequently解析：选D依据上文“SinceIliveclosetomyparents'home...〞可知，作者住的地方离父母的家很近，所以常常有时机去看父母。2．A.conversation B．discussionC．secret ．argument解析：选A依据下文可知，此处指作者听到父亲和护工的对话。3．A.judged B．checkedC．improved D．recorded解析：选C依据上文“ThestrokeleftDad'sleftsideinasleepystatebut...〞可知，中风让父亲左边身体失去知觉，但是在康复熬炼中父亲的状况有所改善。4．A.always B．stillC．just D．even解析：选B虽然父亲的状况有所改善，但是一些事情还是需要别人的关心。5．A.relyon B．refertoC．watchover D．stareat解析：选A由于父亲左半身瘫痪，他必需依靠桑尼的关心。6．A.important B．wonderfulC．unforgettable D．difficult解析：选D依据下文“...asmydad'sarmsandlegswerenotactingproperly〞可知，对父亲来说，这一天特殊困难。7．A.relieved B．satisfiedC．frustrated D．puzzled解析：选C依据上文“...asmydad'sarmsandlegswerenotactingproperly〞可知，父亲的胳膊和腿不能正常活动，这让父亲特别懊丧。8．A.disturbing B．inspiringC．subjective D．direct解析：选B也就是那天作者意外听到桑尼对父亲说的一些鼓舞人心的话。9．A.try B．stopC．move D．worry解析：选D依据下文“...Iwillbeyourleftsidetoday〞可知，桑尼说：“不要担忧……〞。10．A.pleasure B．careC．surprise D．doubt解析：选B依据句中的“gratitude〞可知，此处指上文桑尼所说的话，也就是关怀的表达。11．A.so B．butC．and D．or解析：选C此题考查规律关系，上下文是并列关系。12．A.kept B．discoveredC．selected D．ignored解析：选A联系上文桑尼说的话可以推知，他维护了父亲的尊严和价值。13．A.advice B．supportC．success D．energy解析：选B桑尼知道自己该干什么，他能够做到的就是支持父亲。14．A.showed B．passedC．paid D．offered解析：选D由桑尼的态度可知，他是乐观主动的，由此可知此处的问题是：你曾经主动提出作为任何人的“左半身〞吗？15．A.though B．unlessC．because D．before解析：选C依据下文“IfIcandoanything,justletme________〞可知，作者所做的事情让其很难答复这个问题，由于自己做的事情只停留在语言上，而不是行动上。16．A.go B．mentC．guess D．know解析：选D依据下文“...tellmetheyneedhelp〞可知，作者的意思是以前总会说：“假如我能为你做点什么，告知我。〞17．A.wait B．lookC．search D．cheer解析：选A作者很情愿关心别人，也始终等着别人来告知作者他需要关心。18．A.miss B．avoidC．seek D．forget解析：选C作者要表达的意思是：关键是行动，所以把意图转化为行动是自己始终追寻的平衡。19．A.point B．needsC．habits D．happiness解析：选B结合桑尼的语言和行动可以推知，他知道别人的需求然后行动。20．A.continues B．startsC．manages D．agrees解析：选A分析thatday和today的时间关系，再由桑尼的行为可知，今日他仍旧连续着自己所做的事情。Ⅳ.阅读理解Lastnightwehadacallfromaneighbortosaythattherewasaforeigncarparkedinthevillageandaskuswhetheritwassomeoneheadingtoourproject.Weweren'texpectinganyone,butmypartnerheadeddowntocheckiftheywereOK.Itwasasingleladywhosaidshewassearchingforsomewherebuthaddecidedtoparkovernightasvisibility(能见度)waslow.Shedidn'twantanyhelp,somypartnertoldherwheretofindusiftherewasaneedandthencamehome.SothismorningIfoundaforeigncarinthedrivewayandtheladywantedtouseourtoilet.Iinvitedherinandcontinuedtopreparemybreakfastwhenshewasbusy.Knowingwewerelackinglocalshops,Icheckedifshe'dhadbreakfast.Shesaidno,soIinvitedhertositdown,offeringherporridgeandtea,anditturnedoutshewasheadingtoaprojectshe'dheardabout,somewhereabout60kmaway.She'dbeensearchingforaboutaweekbecauseshecouldn'treachthembyphoneandhadeventuallybeenpointedinourdirectionbyabusdriverwhothoughtitmightbeus.Soitwasactuallyusthatshewaslookingforlastnightbutshedidn'trealizeit!Ittookmeabout10minutesonFacebooktoprovideherwithatelephonenumber,mapandgridcoordinates(方格坐标)fortheprojectshewasoriginally(原来)lookingforbyaskingpeopleIknewinthearea.Iequippedherwithapacketoffoodsandanewumbrella,mytelephonenumberincaseoffurtherdifficulties,andshewasbackontheroad.语篇解读：本文为记叙文。一位女士要去参与一个工程迷路了，作者帮她找到了她要去的目的地。1．Whydidtheneighborcalltheauthor?A．Hewasinterestedintheforeigner.B．Hewantedtolearnabouttheproject.C．Heaskedtheauthortohelpthewoman.D．Hethoughtthewomanwaslookingforher.解析：选D细节理解题。依据第一段的“...andaskuswhetheritwassomeoneheadingtoourproject〞可知，邻居以为那位女士是来找作者的。2．Whydidtheauthoraskthewomanifshehadhadbreakfast?A．Shewasonlybeingpolite.B．Itwasnotconvenienttobuyfoodthere.C．Thewomanappearedveryhungry.D．Shewantedtohaveatalkwiththewoman.解析：选B细节理解题。依据第三段的“Knowingwewerelackinglocalshops,Icheckedifshe'dhadbreakfast〞可知，作者知道当地的商店少，买东西不简单，所以问她是否吃过早饭。3．Whatwasthereasonwhythewomanappearedinthevillage?A．Sheneededtouseatoilet.B．Shewasmisledbysomeone.C．Shewantedtofindabusdriver.D．Shecametojointheauthor'sproject.解析：选B细节理解题。依据第三段的“...hadeventuallybeenpointedinourdirectionbyabusdriverwhothoughtitmightbeus〞可知，最终，一位公交车司机给她指路，错误地将她引到这个村子里。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Famous. B．Wise.C．Considerate. D．Knowledgeable.解析：选C推理推断题。依据最终一段的内容可知，作者在Facebook上为这位妇女查到了她要去的地方的号码、地图、坐标，送给她食物和雨伞，还把号码给她，说明作者办事考虑特别周到。Ⅴ.语法填空Whenwethinkaboutthevalueofexercise,wetendtofocusonphysicalbenefits.Butoverthepastdecade,socialscientists__1__(discover)morebenefitsofregularexercise:itsimpact__2__thewaywethink.Studiesindicatethatputtingregularexerciseintoyourroutine__3__improveconcentration,memoryandhelplowerstress.Thereisalsoevidence__4__(suggest)thatexerciseduringregularworkhoursmayimproveperformance.Withinthestudy,__5__(research)hadover200employeesatavarietyofpaniesself­reporttheirperformanceonadailybasis.Theyfoundthat__67__reportedmanagingtheirtimemoreeffectively,beingmoreproductive,andgettingonwellwiththeircolleagues.__8__，manyofuscan'ttakeexerciseregularly.Thereasonisthatwedon'thavethetime.Butlet'sbeclear:__9__wereallymeanwhenwesaywedon'thavetimeforanactivityisthatwedon'tconsideritapriority.Insteadofviewingexerciseassomethingwedoforourselves,it'stimewe__10__(start)consideringphysicalactivityaspartoftheworkitself.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，讲的是体育熬炼不仅能让我们强身健体，而且能让我们精力充分，与同事和谐相处，提高工作效率。1．havediscovered考查时态。本句中的时间状语“overthepastdecade〞说明该句应用现在完成时。2．on考查介词。名词impact与介词on连用，表示“对……的影响〞。3．can考查情态动词。讨论说明，把常常性的熬炼纳入日常生活中能提高留意力，增加记忆力，关心削减压力。can“能，会〞，符合语境。4．suggesting考查非谓语动词。动词suggest与其规律主语evidence之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词作后置定语。5．researchers考查名词。本句缺主语，故填research的名词形式。依据下一句中的“Theyfound〞可知，这里应用复数形式，指讨论人员让这些员工报告自己的表现。6．when/after考查连词。分析句子结构可知，此处指当员工参与熬炼时或参与熬炼后，故填when或after。7．They考查代词。依据上文中的“over200employees...self­report...〞可知，这里指这些被调查的员工报告说，故用They。8．However考查副词。依据下文中的“manyofuscan'ttakeexerciseregularly〞可知前后文在内容上形成比照，且空后有逗号，故此处应用However。9．what考查主语从句。分析句子结构及语境可知，空处引导主语从句且作动词mean的宾语，故what“什么，所……的〞符合语境。10．started/shouldstart考查固定句式。在itistime(that)...的句式中，that后面的从句用“主语＋did/shoulddo...〞结构，其中不能省略should。单元质量检测(四)(时间：100分钟总分值：120分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。ASpecialVolunteers(SVs)areindividualswhovolunteerhisorhertimetoprovideresearchservices,directpatientcare,technicalassistance,oranyothernecessaryservicesforNationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH).SVsarenotfinanciallysupportedbyNIHfortheirservicesnordoestheNationalInstituteofMentalHealth(NIMH)providehealthinsurance.AllSpecialVolunteersonavisamusthaveavalid(有效的)workpermit.Visaassistanceisprovidedtothosewhoqualify(有资格)．SpecialVolunteersmayreceivesupportfromoutsidesourceswithapproval.Volunteerservicesmaybeacceptedfromanyindividualswhoare•providingtheirservicesasmembersofvolunteerorcharitableorganizations.•offeringtheirservicesontheirowntime,forexamplestudents.•receivingfellowshiporfinancialsupportfromoutsideorganizationswithwhomtheyhavenoemploymentrelationships.•employeesofoutsideorganizationsonholiday.•governmentemployeesvolunteeringservicesunrelatedtotheirofficialdutiesandresponsibilities,outsideoftheirnormalworkhours.Applications：Therearenodeadlinesforapplicationsastheyareacceptedona“rollingadmission〞basis.SpecialVolunteerswhohavefoundamatchwithaPrincipalInvestigatorwillbeaskedtosignavolunteeragreementand,ifenrolled(参加),submitpaperworkfromtheirschooltomakesurethatpropercreditisgiven.TosubmitanonlineSpecialVolunteerapplication,visittheNIMHStudentIRTASpecialVolunteerapplicationats：///tra.Benefits：Thosewhovolunteerformorethanafour­monthappointmentmayreceiveaparkingpass.ForadditionalinformationonSpecialVolunteerprogramandthoserequiringvisaassistancepleasegetintouchwithAnekaReidintheOfficeofFellowshipTraining.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了特殊志愿者工程的相关信息。)1．WhatdoweknowaboutSpecialVolunteers?A．Theydon'tneedtoworkoverseas.B．Theyarenotofferedhealthinsurance.C．QualifiedSVsshouldgetavisaontheirown.D．Theyenjoyfreeparkingduringtheirservice.解析：选B细节理解题。由第一段“SVsarenotfinanciallysupportedbyNIHfortheirservicesnordoestheNationalInstituteofMentalHealth(NIMH)providehealthinsurance〞可知，特殊志愿者没有酬劳也没有保险。由第一段最终两句可知A项错误。2．WhoarelikelytobeeSpecialVolunteers?A．Governmentemployeeswhoareonduty.B．Non­membersofvolunteerorganizations.C．Housewivessupportedbyoutsideorganizations.D．Peoplewantingvolunteerduringworkhours.解析：选C细节理解题。由文中所列举的可以供应志愿者效劳的人群中的“offeringtheirservicesontheirowntime,forexamplestudents〞和“receivingfellowshiporfinancialsupportfromoutsideorganizationswithwhomtheyhavenoemploymentrelationships〞可知，受外部组织支持的家庭主妇可能成为特殊志愿者。3．TobeaSV,________.A．youcanapplyatanytimeB．avolunteeragreementisnotamustC．anonlineapplicationshouldbesubmittedD．youshouldgetintouchwithAnekaReidfirst解析：选A细节理解题。由Applications局部的“Therearenodeadlinesforapplications〞可知，特殊志愿者的申请是没有截止日期的，随时都可申请。BThevolunteerprojectwasamazing.EverythingworkedoutfineandeveryonewassokindandnicetomethatIhadthemostwonderfultimethere.Myhostfamilywasreallygreat.Everyonewasniceandhelpful,soIfeltathome.IreallyfoundasecondfamilyinThailandandwegotalongsowellevennotspeakingthesamelanguage.MyhostmothermadeagreatefforttolearnsomeEnglishandItriedmybesttolearnacoupleofThaiwords.OnSundays,Iwenttoatempleschooltoteachthelittleonesaged5－8yearstogetherwithotherteachers.Alltheteachersintheschoolworkedsohardthattheyspentmuchoftheirfreetimeworkingintheschool.Itimpressedmedeeply.Andthestudentswerejustwonderful.Theyweresoniceandpoliteandreallystudiedhard.Teachingwasnotonlygreatfunbutalsoquitechallenging.BecauseItaughtmanydifferentclassesatdifferentlevelsofEnglish.SoIalways