2021高考英语二轮总复习阅读理解七选五阅读限时组合练7（含解析）

阅读理解+七选五阅读限时组合练7(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020山西太原一模)GreatinventorslikeThomasEdisonhaveinfluencedpeople’sliveswiththeirinventions.Whiletheircontributionsarecertainlyvaluable,otheramazinginventionswereactuallycreatedbychildren!ThetrampolineTrampolinesaregreatforbothfunandexercise,buttheyareafairlyrecentinvention.Inthe1930s,GeorgeNissenwasinspiredtomakeabouncy“net”afterseeingacircusperformance.Hethoughtitmoreentertainingforperformerstocontinuebouncinginsteadoflandinginanet.So,attheageof16,hemadeitbystretchingthickclothinametalframe.ThepopsicleColdweatherledtothecreationofadeliciousinvention—thepopsicle.FrankEppersonwasjust11yearsoldwhenheaccidentallycreatedhisfirstpopsicle.Hewasmakinghimselfasodadrinkandlefthisglassoutsideovernight.Whenhefounditinthemorning,ithadfrozensolidwiththestir(搅拌)stickstillintheglass.Andthefirstpopsiclewasborn.BrailleThree-year-oldLouisBrailleexperiencedaseriouseyeinjurythatblindedhiminbotheyes.Hestruggledtoreadbymovinghisfingersacrossraisedletters,butthatprovedverydifficult.Attheageoftwelve,Louislearnedaboutacommunicationsystemwheremessagescouldbereadsilentlywithfingertips.HechangeditandcreatedBraille.It’snowusedaroundtheworld!BeaconWhenHannahHerbstwasjust14yearsold,shewasnamedAmerica’sTopYoungScientistforinventingadevicecalledbeacon.AfterreceivingaletterfromherEthiopianpenpal,Hannahwasinspiredtocreateadevicethatcouldconverttheenergyfromoceanwavesintoelectricitywhichshehopeswillhelppeoplewithouteasyaccesstoelectricity.1.Whichoftheinventionsgreatlybenefitstheblind?A.Thetrampoline. B.Thepopsicle. C.Braille. D.Beacon.2.Whowasawardedanationaltitleforhis/herinvention?A.GeorgeNissen. B.FrankEpperson.C.LouisBraille. D.HannahHerbst.3.Whatdothechildinventorshaveincommon?A.Theywereallawardedfortheiramazinginventions.B.Theyallmadeimprovementsonpreviousinventions.C.Theywereallteenagerswhentheymadetheirinventions.D.Theyallinventedgreatthingsthatinfluencepeople’slives.B(2020福建福州质检)FireCaptKevinLloydarrivedatthesceneofacaraccidentinWestPoint,Utah,northofSaltLakeCity.Apregnantwomanandherscreaming2-year-olddaughterweretrappedinthecar.Whilehispartner,AllenHadley,waslendingtothedriver,Lloydcouldn’tgetthefrightenedgirltocalmdown.Hesawshewasholdingseveralbottlesofnailpolish,andthenhehadabetteridea.Heaskedherifshewantedtopainthisnails.Soonhereyeslitup.Atthesametime,Hadleyshoweduptocheckonthescene.Lloydhadcalmedherdownandwasintheprocessofgettinghisfingerspainted.ThenHadleyjustputhishandinthere.Thegirlbegantocolorhisnailspink.Bythistime,shewasnotonlycalm,butshewasalsohappy.Thegirl’smotherwasnotinjured.Shethankedthemforhelpingherdaughterfeelbetter,andtheyallchuckled,lookingatthenails,andtooksomephotos.Thefirefightersbroughtthephotosbacktotheheadquartersandshowedthemaround.Thedepartmentputthemuponthesocialmedia,andthousandsofpeopleresponded,withmanythankingthefirefightersforgoingoutoftheirwaytocalmdownafrightenedgirl.FireChiefMarkBecraftsaidhehadbeensurprisedatalltheattention.Hesaidhewasproudofhisfirefighters,andaddedthathehadknownmembersofthedepartmentwhohaddonemanythingsthatweren’tpartofthejob.Afterthefact,LloydandHadleyhadasmallmattertotendto:thelayersofpolishontheirnails.Theyboughtabottleofnailpolishremover,andusedalmostallofit.4.Whywasthe2-year-oldgirlfrightened?A.Shewascaughtinanaccident.B.Hermotherwasbadlyinjured.C.Hernailswerehurtbythebottles.D.Shewasafraidofseeingfirefighters.5.Whichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“chuckled”inParagraph4?A.Sighed. B.Shouted.C.Laughed. D.Hugged.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethetwofirefighters?A.Knowledgeable. B.Caring.C.Humorous. D.Courageous.7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toaskustolearntocalmdownintimesofdanger.B.Tospeakhighlyofthewarm-heartedfirefighters.C.Tointroducethelittlegirlwholikespaintingnails.D.Topraisethetwofirefighterswholearntodecoratenails.CJustaskanynewparent:Addingababytoahouseholdcanalsoaddstresstoacareer.Now,anewstudybacksthatupwithsomeastonishingnumbers:Afterscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics(STEM)professionalsbecomeparents,43%ofwomenand23%ofmenswitchfields,transition(转变)topart-timework,orleavetheworkforceentirely.ManyresearchersandparentsalreadyknewthatSTEMcanbeunwelcomingtoparents,particularlymothers.But“theconsiderabledeparturewasastonishing,”saysErinCech,anassistantprofessorofsociologyattheUniversityofMichiganinAnnArborandleadauthorofthestudy,publishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Forbothgenders,“theproportionswerehigherthanweexpected.”Thesurprisinglyhighreductionrateformenalsohighlightsthat“parenthoodinSTEMisnotjustamothers’issue;it’saworkers’issue,”Cechsays.Shehopesthatthefindings“mightmotivatechanges,”suchasmorepaidparentalleavefrombothgovernmentandemployersandpoliciesthatbettersupportflexibleworktimewithoutatightroutine.“WearenotsuggestingthatpeoplewhowantfamiliesshouldavoidSTEM;that’snotthesolution,”sheemphasizes.By2018,78%ofnewfatherswerestillworkinginSTEM,thevastmajorityfulltime.Fornewmothers,68%werestillinSTEM,butonly57%workedfulltime.Forprofessionalswithoutchildren,ontheotherhand,84%ofmenand76%ofwomenwerepredictedtostillbeworkinginSTEMfulltimein2018.Forthenewparentsacrossallfields,16%ofwomenwereworkingpart-timeand15%hadlefttheworkforce,ascomparedwithjust2%and3%,respectively,formen.Thesesharpdifferencesmakeclearthat,eventhoughthereductionrateforfathersishigherthanexpected,mothersstillfaceparticularcareerchallenges.8.WhatmakesmanySTEMemployeeschangetheirjobs?A.Worryingabouttheirfamily.B.Theattractionofpart-timejobs.C.Beingtiredoftheformerjobs.D.Theheavyburdenathomeandwork.9.WhichstatementmayErinCechagreewith?A.Workingathomemaybeapopularchoice.B.IncreasingwelfaremaykeepSTEMparents.C.PeoplewithfamiliesshouldleaveSTEM.D.STEMprofessionalsshouldobeytherules.10.Howmanynewmothersamongthelaborforceworkedfulltimein2018?A.69%. B.76%.C.57%. D.31%.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressbylistingthesharpdifferences?A.ToomanyfathersleaveSTEM.B.It’shardformotherstomakeabalance.C.STEMjobsarenolongerpopular.D.It’simpossibletohaveasuccessfulcareer.D(2020安徽重点学校联考)GretchenAltmanissmiling,leaningbackcasually,withacupofcoffeeinherhand—HillsBros.Coffee,tobeprecise.Itlookslikeacasualshot,butifyougivealike,leaveacomment,andtagafriend,youcangetthreedifferentcupsofcoffee,forfree.Altmanispartofagrowingtrendof“micro-influencers”.Shehasasmallfollowing—around6,000onInstagram.Hergoingrateisfrom$300to$800topromotesomething.Shedoessomepostsinexchangeforfreegoods,aslongasit’sstuffshebelievesin.Asamicro-influencershehasamuchcloserrelationshipwithherfollowersthanabigsocialmediastar.“I’mjustlivinganormallifeandpeoplerelatetothat,”shesays.“TheyjustfeellikeI’mafriendoftheirs.”Butitworriesconsumerrightsgroups.Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatyoungaudiencesarelargelyunabletounderstandwhensomethingissponsoredcontent.Insomecases,it’sclear.WhenabigstartakestoadvertisingCoca-Colaonthesocialmedia,forexample,theassumptionisthatheorshe’sprobablygettingpaidtodoso.Andthepostsareclearlylabeledasads,withthecaption“advertisement”or“sponsoredcontent”.Butwhatmayhappenwhenanordinarypersonwithjustacouplethousandfollowerstakestoextolling(颂扬)thevirtuesofaproduct?Themotivationsarenotsoclear.Theproblemwiththesesocialmediapostsisthatyoudon’tknowwhetherit’sanadornot.Altmanisdiligentaboutusingthosehashtags(话题).Sheloveswhatshedoesandseesitasbusiness,butshedoesn’tnecessarilywanttobeasocialmediacelebrity.“Withsocialmediabeingsointegratedintooureverydaylives,wehavethisuniqueopportunitythatIdon’tthinkanyonehaseverhadbeforewherewecaneachbeourownbrand,”Altmansays.12.Whatdoesamicro-influencerdoaccordingtothepassage?A.Giveenoughlikes.B.Dopoststopromoteproducts.C.Recommendsomecomments.D.Designadvertisements.13.Whatmakesconsumerrightsgroupsfeelworried?A.Sponsoredadscontent.B.Adswithcaptiononposts.C.Theunclearmotivationsoftheposts.D.Theincreasinglygrowingnumberofaudiences.14.HowdoesGretchenAltmanfeelaboutbeingamicro-influencer?A.Annoyed.B.Delighted.C.Ambitious.D.Depressed.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.InstagramAdvertising:DoYouKnowIt?WhenYouSeeIt?B.ToBeaMicro-influencerortoBeaBigStarC.WeCanEachBeOurOwnTopBrandD.HillsBros.Coffee,YourCoffeeⅡ.七选五HowDoLanguagesDie?Howmanylanguagesdoyouthinkthereareintheentireworld?Altogether,peoplearoundtheworldspeakabout6,000languages.Doesthatsurpriseyou?16Today,abouthalftheworld’sspokenlanguagesareendangered.Expertssaythatanotherlanguagebecomesextinct(灭绝)everytwoweeks.

Howdolanguagesdie?Theydiewhenpeoplestopusingthem.Butmostpeopledon’tjuststopspeakingtheirnativelanguage.It’smorecomplexthanthat.Moreoften,they’reeitherpressuredorforcedtodoso.17They’reoftenpressuredtospeakthearea’smainlanguageinsteadoftheirown.Thisleadsmanyimmigrantstostopusingtheirnativelanguage.Theymightnoteventeachittotheirchildren.

Slowly,thenativelanguagediesout.Sometimes,languagesshiftordevelopinsteadofbecomingextinct.HaveyoueverheardthatLatinisadeadlanguage?Inaway,itis.NoonetodayspeaksLatinastheirnativelanguage.18PeoplestilluseLatininmanyways.Scientistsuseittonameplantsandanimals.

19Thatmeansthedeathofalanguagehurtspeople’sabilitytotakepartinculturaltraditions.Theymightloseaccesstostoriesandknowledgethatwerepasseddownformanyyears.Thisisonereasonwhymanypeopletodayareworkingtosavedyinglanguages.

Howcanlanguagesbesaved?Someyoungpeoplelearnthelanguageoftheirancestorsasadults.Linguiststraveltheworldtorecordthelastnativespeakersofdyinglanguages20Theydosoinhopesthatfuturegenerationswillbringthelanguagesbacktolife.Manyeducationalprogramstodayalsoworktohelppreservenativelanguagesandcultures.

A.Thereusedtobemanymore!B.Youmayhaveuseditinschool.C.Languageisextremelycloselytiedtoculture.D.Butthatdoesn’tmeanitdisappearedcompletely.E.Oneexampleiswhenpeoplemovetoadifferentcountry.F.Somenativespeakerswritedictionariesintheirlanguages.G.Thereareplentyofthingstodotohelpprotectlanguages.【帮你拓知识】核心知识,词块记忆①afairlyrecentinvention最近的一项发明②inventadevicecalledbeacon发明一种叫做beacon的装置③receivealetterfromherpenpal收到了一封来自她笔友的信④calmdown平静下来⑤highlightv.对……予以特别的注意;强调⑥flexibleworktime灵活的工作时间⑦acrossallfields在所有领域⑧agrowingtrendof日益增长的趋势⑨extollthevirtues颂扬美德⑩amuchcloserrelationship更亲密的关系asocialmediacelebrity社交媒体名人dieout灭绝,绝迹;消失参考答案阅读理解+七选五阅读限时组合练7Ⅰ.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。像爱迪生那样的大发明家发明的东西对人们的生活产生了很大的影响,但是实际上也有一些改变人们生活的东西是由孩子们发明的。本文重点介绍了四种孩子们的发明。1.C细节理解题。由题干关键词“benefitstheblind”定位至第四段,根据该段内容特别是最后两句“HechangeditandcreatedBraille.It’snowusedaroundtheworld!”可知,Braille这个发明对盲人极为有益,故C项正确。2.D细节理解题。根据尾段第一句“WhenHannahHerbstwasjust14yearsold,shewasnamedAmerica’sTopYoungScientistforinventingadevicecalledbeacon”可知,HannahHerbst在14岁时,因发明了一种名为beacon的装置而被称为美国顶级青年科学家。故D项正确。3.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“haveinfluencedpeople’slives”和“otheramazinginventions”并通读第二段至第五段可推知,孩子们的四种发明——蹦床、棒冰、盲文、海浪发电装置都很棒,它们影响了人们的生活,故D项正确。【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在车祸现场,一个两岁的小女孩由于受到惊吓一直无法镇静下来,消防员为了让她镇静下来,就让她给自己涂指甲,后来他们拍了一些照片;其后,消防部门把当时的照片上传到社交媒体上,数千人给予回应,消防员的这种做法获得了好评。4.A细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“acaraccident”以及第二句“Apregnantwomanandherscreaming2-year-olddaughterweretrappedinthecar”可知,小女孩之所以害怕是因为她遇到了车祸,故选A项。5.C词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“colorhisnailspink”“shewasalsohappy”以及画线词所在句中的“Shethankedthemforhelpingherdaughterfeelbetter”和“lookingatthenails”可推知,当时那位母亲没有受伤,她感谢消防员安慰自己的女儿;看着被涂了指甲油的指甲,他们都笑了,而且拍了一些照片。故选C项。6.B推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Bythistime,shewasnotonlycalm,butshewasalsohappy”以及第五段第二句中的“thousandsofpeopleresponded,withmanythankingthefirefightersforgoingoutoftheirwaytocalmdownafrightenedgirl”可知,消防员通过让小女孩给自己涂指甲不仅使她镇静了下来,而且使小女孩很开心;在社交媒体上,很多人感谢消防员们设法安慰那个受了惊吓的小女孩。由此可推知,这两个消防员是关心他人的。故选B项。7.B推理判断题。文章讲述了两位消防员为了使一个两岁的受了惊吓的小女孩镇静下来,就让她给自己涂指甲油,这一做法在社交媒体上广受好评;这本来是他们的分外之事,但是他们却想方设法来帮助他人。由此可推知,本文的目的是称赞热心肠的消防员。故选B项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以STEM为例,阐述了家庭和工作给女性们带来的巨大压力,女性(尤其是新妈妈)全职比例与男性相较较低。8.D推理判断题。根据第一段的“Justaskanynewparent:Addingababytoahouseholdcanalsoaddstresstoacareer.”可推知,是家庭和工作的重担让STEM员工改变了他们的工作,故选D项。9.B推理判断题。根据第三段的“Shehopesthatthefindings‘mightmotivatechanges,’suchasmorepaidparentalleavefrombothgovernmentandemployersandpoliciesthatbettersupportflexibleworktimewithoutatightroutine.”可以推知,ErinCech可能会同意“增加福利可以留住STEM(做父母)的员工”这个观点,故选B项。10.A细节理解题。根据第四段的“Forthenewparentsacrossallfields,16%ofwomenwereworkingpart-timeand15%hadlefttheworkforce,ascomparedwithjust2%and3%,respectively,formen.”可以推算出,在2018年全职工作的新母亲所占比率为100%-(16%+15%)=69%,故选A项。11.B推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thesesharp