高二英语人教版选修七讲义UNIT3SECTIONⅠ

Unit3witnessoppositefleedragdepthurgeabandontargetsortouthelp(...)outbe/becomeawareofreflectawarenarrowsharpscareupsidedowngetcloseto(be)scaredtodeath背景抢Underthesea单®知识1.It/Thai/Then*was

atimewhen...2.beabouttodo...表示即将发生的动作.with.独立主格结构动词-ing形式的被动式投诉信Whalesarebeautifulandcleveranimals.Mostpeopleareawareofihefactthatcommercialwhalingendangerswhalesandagreethatwhalesshouldnotbekilledtomakemoney.Ifyouseewhalesbeingdraggedoutoftheseaandcutup,youmightbeshocked.Anditmightmakeyoureflectonwhetherwhalingshouldbecontinued.ButtherearestillafewcountrieslikeIcelandwhichcontinuecommercialwhaling.In1883thefirstwhalingstationwassetupinAlptafjor-dur.Iceland.Seeingthesuccessofihewhalingstation«peoplesetupanotherfiveontheislandl)elween1896and1903.Whalecatchingreacheditslimitin1902*when1*305whaleswerecaughttoproduceoil.AIKinonwhalingwaspassedinIcelandin1915.('onser-X«vation'^'playedaneffectiveroleinprevailingwhalestrornIm-ingkilledanditwasnotuntil1935thatanIcelandiccompanyLjtiestablishedanotherwhalingstation.Between1948and1975,anaverageof250fin,65baleen,and78spermwhalesweretakenannually.L'nlikethemajorityofcommercialwhalingatthetime,thisoperationwasbasedonthesaleoffrozenmeatratherthanonuil.ii*a［阅读障碍词］①commercialadj.商业的②conservation〃,保护"That'sOldTom,thekiller,"oneofthewhalers,George,calledouttome.“He'stellingusthere'sawhaleoutthereforus.〃Anotherwhaleryelledout,“Rush-oo...rush-oo.，zThiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewasabouttobeawhalehunt.“eon,Clancy.Totheboat,"Georgesaidasheranaheadofme.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn'tlikebeingkeptwaiting,soeventhoughIdidn*thavetherightclotheson,Iracedafterhim.Withoutpausingwejumpedintotheboatwiththeotherwhalersandheadedoutintothebay.IlookeddownintothewaterandcouldseeOldTomswimmingbytheboat,showingustheway.Afewminuteslater,therewasnoTom,soGeorgestartedbeatingthewaterwithhisoarandtherewasTom,circlingbacktotheboat,leadingustothehuntagain.Usingatelescopewecouldseethatsomethingwashappening.Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.WhatYetheydoing?〃IaskedGeorge.“Well,it'steamwork-thekillersovertherearethrowingthemselvesontopofthewhale'sblow-holetostopitbreathing.Andthoseothersarestoppingitdivingorfleeingouttosea,"Georgetoldme,pointingtowardsthehunt.Andjustatthatmoment,themostextraordinarythinghappened.Thekillersstartedracingbetweenourboatandthewhalejustlikeapackofexciteddogs.Thentheharpoonwasreadyandthemaninthebowoftheboataimeditatthewhale.Heletitgoandtheharpoonhitthespot.Beingbadlywounded,thewhalesoondied.Withinamomentortwo,itsbodywasdraggedswiftlybythekillersdownintothedepthsofthesea.Themenstartedturningtheboataroundtogohome.uWhat*shappened?”Iasked.uHavewelostthewhale?”“Ohno,"Jackreplied."We1!!returntomorrowtobringinthebody.Itwon'tfloatuptothesurfaceforaround24hours.〃“Inthemeantime,OldTom,andtheothersarehavingagoodfeedonitslipsandtongue,〃addedRed,laughing.****AlthoughOldTomandtheotherkillerswerefiercehunters,theyneverharmedorattackedpeople.Infact,theyprotectedthem.TherewasonedaywhenwewereoutinthebayduringahuntandJameswaswashedofftheboat.“Manoverboard!Turntheboataround!”urgedGeorge,shoutingloudly.Theseawasroughthatdayanditwasdifficulttohandletheboat.ThewaveswerecarryingJamesfurtherandfurtherawayfromus.FromJames'sface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.ThensuddenlyIsawashark.“Look,there'sasharkoutthere,"Iscreamed.“Don'tworry,OldTomwon'tletitnear,“Redreplied.IttookoverhalfanhourtogettheboatbacktoJames,andwhenweapproachedhim,IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom.Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes.Therewereshoutsof"Welldone,OldTom"and"ThankGod〃aswepulledJamesbackintotheboat.AndthenOldTomwasoffandbacktothehuntwheretheotherkillerswerestillattackingthewhale.虎鲸老汤姆1902年6月，我16岁的时候，就开头在捕鲸站工作了。在此之前我曾听说过虎鲸，它们每年关心捕鲸人捕获大鲸鱼。那时我以为这只是一个故事，但是后来我亲眼观察过许屡次。一天下午我来到捕鲸站，当我整理我的住处时，我听到从海湾方向传来了一阵巨大的吵闹声。我们准时跑到岸边，看到了一只浩大的动物在我们对面从水里跳出来，然后又坠落到水里。它黑白相间，外形像鱼。但是我知道它并不是鱼。“那是老汤姆，是虎鲸。〃一位叫乔治的捕鲸人高声对我说。“它是在告知我们那边有头鲸，让我们去捕猎。〃另外一位捕鲸人大声喊：“快走啊……走啊。〃这是在宣告猎鲸行动立刻就要开头了。“克兰西，快来。上船去。〃乔治在我前面边跑边说。我以前就听说过乔治不喜爱等待,所以尽管我还没穿上适宜的衣服，我还是跟在他后面跑了起来。毫不迟疑地我们和其他捕鲸人都跳上船，朝海湾方向驶去。我向下朝水里望去，可以看到老汤姆就在船旁边游着，为我们指路。几分钟之后，汤姆不见了，于是乔治开头用桨拍打水面，汤姆消失了，兜了个圈子转回到船边，又领着我们前住捕猎处。用望远镜我们可以看到有状况发生了。当我们行驶到更近的地方时，我能看到一只鲸受到了大约六只其他虎鲸的攻击。我问乔治：“它们在做什么？〃“哦，它们在协同作战——那边虎鲸们正在往那只鲸的鼻孔上扑去，不让它呼吸。而其他那些虎鲸那么阻挡它潜水或逃进海里。〃乔治一边指着捕猎的情景，一边告知我。就在这时候，最惊异的事情发生了。虎鲸们在我们的船和那只鲸之间开头追赶，就像一群兴奋的狗一样。然后渔叉预备好了，站在船头的那个人把渔叉瞄准了那只鲸。他把叉扔了出去，恰好击中了要害。那只鲸受了重伤，没过多久就死了。过了片刻，那只鲸的尸体就被虎鲸们快速地拖到深海中去了。捕鲸人开头调转船头回家。“怎么了？〃我问道。“我们失去了那只鲸了吗？〃“噢，不。〃杰克答复说。“我们明天再回来运鲸鱼的尸体。它在大约24小时以内是不会浮出水面的。〃瑞德笑着补充说：“在此期间，老汤姆和其他虎鲸会饱餐一顿鲸唇和鲸舌。〃****虽然老汤姆和其他虎鲸都是凶狠的捕猎者，但是它们从来不损害人，也不攻击人。事实上，它爱护着他们。有一天，我们出海捕鲸的时候，詹姆斯从船上掉下去被水冲走了。乔治督促着并大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！〃那天海上波涛汹涌，很难操纵船只。海浪把詹姆斯带走，离我们越来越远。从詹姆斯的脸上，我能看出他特别恐惊，生怕被我们遗弃。随后我突然看到一条鲨鱼。“看，那边有一条鲨鱼。〃我尖叫起来。瑞德答复说：“别担忧，老汤姆不会让它靠近的。〃（我们）花了半个多小时才把船调转过来，回到詹姆斯的身旁，当我们靠近他时，我看到老汤姆正在水中稳稳地托着詹姆斯。我不敢信任我的眼睛。当我们把詹姆斯拉回到船上的时候，大家都欢呼着“老汤姆，好样的〃和“感谢〃。然后，老汤姆离开了，回到了捕猎的地方，和其他虎鲸一起捕鲸去了。SectionIReading(WarmingUp&Reading)预读课I.Pleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.annual A.facing;ontheothersideofaspecificareafromsb./sth.witness B.tostopforashorttimebeforecontinuing3.oppositeC.torunorhurryaway3.oppositeC.torunorhurryawaypauseD.totrytopersuade;toremendstro-ngly;todriveorforceforwardflee E.personwhoseesaneventtakeplacedrag F.distancefromthetoptothebottomofsth.depth G.topullsb./sth.alongwitheffortanddifficultyurgeH.happeningeveryyear答案：1〜5HEABC6〜8GFDII.Writedownthemeaningofphrasesineachsentence.——Whydidn*tMr.Smitharriveontimeforthemeeting?一Hemusthavebeenhelduponhiswayhereinthetrafficjam.使延误Theconferencewillbegininanhour;inthemeantime,let*shaveachat.在止匕期间—Doyouworkinthisoffice?一No,asaclerkinthisofficeisonvacation,I'mjusthelpingouthereforaboutaweek.关心(某人)摆脱逆境或危难Shestudiessohardthatsheisalwayswellaheadoftherestoftheclass.在的前面.Ineedtosortoutthemessonmydesk.整理Anddon'tyellout.Anddon'tworryifyou'reabitslower.大叫2|话题导入Lookatthefollowingpicturesandfillintheblanks.seaturtledolphinseaturtledolphinsharkkillerwhalesharkkillerwhaleAsweknow,theanimalsintheabovepicturesaremarineanimals,andtheyallliveunderthesea.Itssaidthatthemostdangerousanimalsarethesharksandthekillerwhales.3疏通文意I.Fast-readingReadthepassagequicklyandHllintheblank.ThepassageismainlyabouthowOldTom/thekillerwhaleshelpedcatchwhalesandprotectedandsavedthewhalers.MatchthePartswiththeirmainideas.①Part1(—5)A：WewenttothehuntwithTom.②Part2() B：Wekilledthewhalewiththekillers*help.③Part3(-10)C：Wewentbackafterthehunt.④Part4(Paras.11—12)D：IsawOldTomforthefirsttime.答案：①〜④DABCII.Careful-readingReadthepassageandchoosethebestanswer.Whatdoes"anenormousanimal“inPara.2referto?A.Akillerwhale. B.Awhale.C.Akindoffish. D.Notmentioned.OldTomthrewitselfoutofthewaterandthencrasheddowninorderto.A・breatheinmoreairB,catchthewhalemunicatewithotherkillersgivethewhalerstheinformationaboutthewhaleWhydidthekillersthrowtheirbodiesontopofthewhale*sblow-hole?Toprotectthewhale.B・Tohelpthewhalerunaway.Tostopthewhalebreathing.Totellotherkillerstoecloser.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.thekillerwhaleswouldn*tkillotherwhalesthekillerwhalesandthewhaleslivedinharmonythekillerwhalesweretheenemyofotherwhalesOldTomwasraisedbythewhalers答案：1〜4ADCCIH.Study-readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or“killers“astheywerethencalled,helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.［句式分析］Itwasalimewhenthekillerwhales,———定语从句or“killers”astheywerethencalled,-~定语从句helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration. 定语从句［尝试翻译］那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“〃）关心捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕获须鲸。OntheafternoonIarrivedatthestation,asIwassortingoutmyacmodation,Iheardaloudnoiseingfromthebay.［句式分析］①本句是一个主从复合句；②主句是Iheardaloudnoiseingfromthebay;③as引导时间状语从句；④Iamvedatthestation是定语从句，修饰先行词afternoon0［尝试翻译］一天下午我来到捕鲸站，正在整理住处的时候，我听到从海湾那边传来一声巨响。IttookoverhalfanhourtogettheboatbacktoJames,andwhenweapproachedhim,IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom.［句式分析］①该句中and连接两个并列分句；②第一个分句为^Ittakes/tookH—彳殳时间+todosth.〃句型；③其次个分句中when引导时间状语从句，beingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom是动词-ing形式短语作宾补。演练提熊［尝试翻译］我们花了半个多小时才把船头调向詹姆斯。当我们靠近他的时候，我看到老汤姆正在水中稳稳地托着他。演练提熊课下过关检测提能力［对应同学课下力量提升（九）］阅读理解AEvenaftercenturiesofexploration,theoceanstillholdsitsmysteries.Althoughweknowmoretodayabouttheworld'soceansandcreatureslivinginthemthaneverbefore,everyonceinawhiletheseabringsupsomethingsostrange,sounexpected,thatmakestheworldwonderwhatitcouldbe.Suchwasthecasewhenthecurrents（水流）oftheMediterraneanOceanrecentlywasheda13-foot-long,smellybodyontotheshoresofthevillageofVillaricosinAndalusia,Spain.AnearlyreportintheSpanishpublicationLavantedescribedthestrange,horned（带角的）bodyaswhatmightseemlikeabigfish,butitwasalreadyinpieces.LocalsjokedthatitwassomekindofLochNessMonster.Themediajumpedrightonthecreature,ofcourse.Somesitescalleditahornedseamonster.ThepopularnewspaperBoingBoingcalleditadragon.Somepeopleguessedthatitmightbeanoarfish,whichisactuallyararelyseenkindofbigfishthatcangrowupto55feetlong.Butnowtheexpertshaveweighedinandwe'resorrytoreportthatit'snotadragon,aLochNessMonster,orevenanoarfish.uThatisactuallyasharkskeleton（骨架），〃ProfessorGrubbsfromFloridaStateUniversitytoldNBCNews."Thepartstowardthebackwereconfusingme,butthosearethelowercaudalfin（尾鳍）supports.The'horns'arethescapulocoracoidswhichsupportthepectoralfins（胸鳍）."Scapulocoracoidsarebackbonesmontomanyanimals.Sotherewego,anothermysterysolved.Well,theancientmapsthatoncedescribedareasoftheoceanasplacesofdragonshaveyettobeproventrue.Butit'sgoodtoknowthattheoceanstillhasafewsurprisesforus,evenincaseswherethey'rejustdead,smellybodies.语篇解读：本文是说明文。海边的一具海洋生物尸体引起了人们的种种猜想，作者由此试图说明海洋神奇的一面。Thecreaturementionedinthetext.wasabout15feetlongwithahornB・couldprobablygrowupto55feetlongwasalreadyinpiecesbutitwasstillalivewasfoundontheshoresofavillageinSpain解析：选D细节理解题。由其次段中“…washeda13-foot-long,smellybodyontotheshoresofthevillageofVillaricosinAndalusia,Spain”可知，该神奇尸体是在西班牙一个村庄的海岸上发觉的，应选D项。Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it〃inParagraph2referto?Adragon.Asharkskeleton.Anoarfish.Ahornedseamonster.解析：选B代词指代题。由第四段中的“'Thatisactuallyasharkskeleton,ProfessorGrubbsfromFloridaStateUniversitytoldNBCNews"可知，这里的it指的是一具鲨鱼的骨架，应选B项。Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout.howthecreaturewasfoundB・thecharacteristicsofanoarfishpeople'sguessesaboutthecreatureBoingBoing'sopinionofthecreature解析：选C段落大意题。由第三段中的“seamonster","dragon"和"anoarfish”等信息可知，本段主要叙述人们对于该神奇尸体的种种猜想，应选C项。Themainpurposeofthetextisto.showthemysteryoftheoceanB,askpeopletoprotectseaanimalsintroduceararelyseenkindoffishshowhowgofindsurprisesinthesea解析：选A写作目的题。由文章首段中的“theoceanstillholdsitsmysteries”和尾段中的“theoceanstillhasafewsurprisesforus”以及文中所举的事例可知，本文的主要目的是向人们展现海洋神奇的一面，应选A项。BNicolaMacFarlane,41,andherdaughterLucy,four,fromPortobello,nearEdinburgh,wereplayingonthePortobelloBeachwhentheycameacrossanoldglassbottlestickingoutofthesandcontaininganoteinsidewritteninChinese.Itisunclearwhentheletterwassentoff,butitwaswrittenonChineseValentine'sDay,orQixiFestivalasitismoretraditionallyknown,whichfallsontheseventhdayoftheseventhlunarmonth.WhetherthemessagehastraveledthousandsofmilesfromChinaorwhetheritwaspennedbyalove-struckpairmuchclosertohomemayremainamystery.ButforNicolaitdoesn'tmatter——sheisstillexcitedtoreadabouttheChineselovestoryafterhavingittranslated.Shesaid,"IreallydohopethatitisfromChinabutevenifitisfromsomeonenearertohome,it'sstillalovelygestureandaninspiringfind.Ifsalovestoryregardlessofwhereitcamefrom.”“Wesawthebottlestickingoutofthesandandjustthoughtitwasjunkthatsomeonehadleftbehind.ButafterpickingitupInoticedtherewasapieceofbrownpaperrolledupinsideandtherewassomeforeignwritingonit.Wequiteexcitedlytookithome,carefullyopenedthebottleandtookoutthesheetofpaperusingsometweezers（镶子）.WeknewitwasChinese,butwehadnoideawhatitsaid.”UnabletoreadtheChinesetext,NicolaturnedtotheInternetandherAustralianfriend,JulieGould,whosedaughterattendedaChineseschoolinSydney.SeveralhourslaterJuliereturnedwiththenewsthatitwasinfactaloveletter.Nicolasaid,“Itsoundstomelikethecoupleareinlovebutcannotbetogethersotheyhavesentthemessagetotelltheworldoftheirlove.I'mblownawnybyittobehonest—it'sincrediblethatithastraveledallthisway.”语篇解读:Nicola和4岁的女儿在英国爱丁堡四周海滩发觉了一个藏在沙子里的玻璃瓶,瓶子里装有一封用中文写的情书，它可能从中国漂流而来，真是太不行思议了。Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat.theletterwaswrittenonQixiFestivalB・theletterwasmailedonChineseValentine'sDaythebottlehastraveledalongdistancefromChinathebottlewasthrownintotheseanearEdinburgh解析：选A细节理解题。从其次段中的“itwaswrittenonChineseValentine'sDay,orQixiFestivalasitismoretraditionallyknownv可次口A项正确。Nicolathoughtthebottlewasthrownintotheseabecause.A.thesenderwantedtofindatrueloverthroughtheletterB,thesenderexpectedtofindapartnerwholikedChineseacouplecouldn'tstaytogetherandshowedtheirloveinthiswayacouplefellinlovewitheachotherandwishedtheirlovetolastforever解析：选C细节理解题。从最终一段“Itsoundstomelikethecoupleareinlovebutcannotbetogethersotheyhavesentthemessagetotelltheworldoftheirlove”可知，这是一对才目爱的情侣，由于不能在一起，所以他们通过漂流瓶来告知全世界他们的爱。7.Theunderlinedphrase“blownaway〃inthelastparagraphprobablymeansA.depressed B.frightenedC.embarrassed D.impressed解析：选D词义猜想题。从最终一段"it'sincrediblethatithastraveledallthisway”可知，它一路漂流而来，真是太不行思议了，blownaway应与incredible（难以置信的）有相近的意思，依据选项，D项impressed（印象深刻的，感动的）的意思与之最接近。WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeNicola*sfeelingsabouttheletter?A.Curiousandexcited.B,Cautiousandexcited.C.Doubtfulanddelighted.D.Curiousanddissatisfied.解析：选A推理推断题。依据全文可知，Nicola捡到漂流瓶后，由于奇怪??？，兴奋地把它带回家，然后求助了她的澳大利亚伴侣翻译信件内容。由此可知A项正确。CItwasavillageinIndia.Thepeoplewerepoor.However,theywerenotunhappy.Afterall,theforefathershadlivedinthesamewayforcenturies.Thenoneday,somevisitorsfromacityarrived.Theytoldthevillagersthereweresomepeopleelsewherewholikedtoeatfrog'slegs.However,theydidnothaveenoughfrogsoftheirown,sotheywantedtobuyfrogsfromotherplaces.Thisseemedlikemoneyfornothing.Thereweremillionsoffrogsinthefieldsaround,andtheywereonnousetothevillagers.Alltheyhadtodowascatchthem.Agreementwasreached,andthechildrenweresentintothefieldstocatchfrogs.Everyweekatruckarrivedtocollectthefrogsandhandoverthemoney.Forthefirsttime.thepeoplewereabletodreamofabetterfuture.Butthedreamdidn*tlastlong.Thechangewashardlynoticedatfirst,butitseemedasifthecropswerenotdoingsowell.Moreworryingwasthatthechildrenfellillmoreoften,and,thereseemedtobemoreinsectsaroundlately.Thevillagersdecidedthattheycouldn'tjustwaittoseethecropsfailingandthechildrengettingweak.Theywouldhavetousethemoneyearnedtobuypesticides（杀虫剂）andmedicines.Soontherewasnomoneyleft.Thenthepeoplerealisedwhatwashappening.Itwasthefrog.Theyhadn'tbeenuseless.Theyhadbeendoinganimportantjob-eatinginsects.Nowwithsomanyfrogskilled,theinsectswereincreasingmorerapidly.Theyweredamagingthecropsandspreadingdiseases.Now,thepeoplearestillpoor.Butintheeveningstheysitinthevillagesquareandlistentothesoundsofinsectsandfrogs.Thesesoundsofthenightnowhaveamuchdeepermeaning.语篇解读：本文通过描写印度的一个小村庄由于过度捕杀青蛙而对庄稼和孩子造成了损害，后