中考英语语法复习状语从句

状语从句在主从复合句中作状语的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开，位于句末时，其前一般不用逗号。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句等。分类引导词例句时间状语从句when/while/as(当……时),before(在……之前),after(在……之后),since(自从……以来),not…until(直到……才),assoonas(一……就……),as(一边……一边……)Whenitbegantorain,Benwashelpinghismommakedinner.Hewritesashelistens.HebecameanEnglishteacherafterhegraduatedfromPekingUniversity.Hedidnotgotobeduntilhisfathercameback.条件状语从句if(如果),aslongas(只要),unless(除非)Unlessbadweatherstopsme,Igoforawalkeveryday.原因状语从句because(因为),since(既然),as(由于)Ididn'taccepthishelpbecauseIwantedtotryitmyself.Sincewehavenoideaaboutthisproblem,let'saskMr.Wangforhelp.目的状语从句sothat(以便,为了),inorderthat(为了)Theyspedupsothat/inorderthattheycouldgetthereontime.结果状语从句so…that/such…that(如此……以至于)It’ssohotthatnobodywantstogoout.让步状语从句though/although(尽管,虽然),eventhough/if(即使),whatever(无论什么),whenever(无论何时),wherever(无论哪里)Althoughmilkisgood，youshouldnotdrinktoomuchofit.Whateveryouwanttobe,youneedtoworkhardtoachieveit.1.时间状语从句(1)when引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般将来时或祈使句，表示将来的意义时，从句通常用一般现在时。(简称“主将从现”“主祈从现”)。e.g.Whenhecomeshere,Iwillcallyou.while引导的时间状语从句表示正在发生某事的同时，另一件事发生了或正在发生。多用进行时态，主句时态视情况而定。e.g.Whiletheteacherisspeaking,Iamlisteningcarefully.(2)assoonas引导的时间状语从句，主、从句的时态：①主将从现。e.g.I’lltellhimthenewsassoonashearrives.②主、从句同为过去时。e.g.Assoonashegothome,hethrewhisbagonthesofa.(3)until/till引导的时间状语从句①主句为肯定句：谓语动词必须是延续性动词，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。e.g.I’llwaitforyoutill/untilyoucometoseeme.②主句为否定句：谓语动词是非延续性动词,常用句式not…until“直到……才”。表否定意义的词还有never,nothing等。e.g.Ididn’tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.(4)since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。即…havedone…sincesb.did…“自从某人做了……一直……”;Itis+一段时间+sincesb.did…“(自从)做某事有……(多久)”。e.g.IhaveworkedinthisschoolsinceIgraduatedfromPekingUniversity.Itis10yearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.2.条件状语从句(1)时态:主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词，从句用一般现在时。e.g.I’llvisittheGreatWallifitdoesn’traintomorrow.Wecan’tpasstheexamunlesswestudyhard.(2)“祈使句,+and/or+陈述句”中，祈使句在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。e.g.Useyourhead,andyou’llfindaway.=Ifyouuseyourhead,you’llfindaway.3.原因状语从句(1)通常用because,since,as引导原因状语从句。回答why提出的问题用because。e.g.Ididn’tgotothemoviesbecauseIhavetofinishmyreport.(2)如果原因是人们已知的事实，就要用since“既然”引导。e.g.Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,youcanasksomeoneelseforhelp.4.目的状语从句(1)引导词(组):sothat,inorderthat等。从句谓语中常含有may,can,must,will等情态动词。e.g.Hemustgetupearlysothathecangotoworkontime.(2)当主、从句的主语一致时，从句可用“soasto/inorderto+动词原型”代替。e.g.Heworkeddayandnightinorderthathecouldsucceed.=Heworkeddayandnightinordertosucceed.5.结果状语从句(1)如此……以致于……so…that与such…that的区别：so+形容词/副词+thatsuch+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+thatsuch+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+thatso+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that当名词前面有many或much修饰时，用so而不用such。e.g.Heissuchayoungboythathecan’tgotoschool.=Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.Wehavesomuchtimethatwecanfinishtheworkverywell.(2)so…that句型的否定形式可用too…to…或not…enoughto构成的简单句代替。e.g.Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.=Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.练习I.单项选择1.Mycousinbecameacountrydoctor__________hefinishedmedicalschool.A.after B.sothat C.but D.so2.Anndidn'tknowanythingaboutthenews________Mrs.Browntoldher. A.because B.until C.ifD.for3._______heheardthelittlegirlcryingforhelpoutside,herushedoutoftheroom.A.AssoonasB.UnlessC.IfD.Although4.Yourparentswon'tletyougooutalone__________theyaresureyou'resafe.A.since B.if C.unlessD.so5._______heismyfavoritesinger,Ididn’tbuyhisnewCD.A.If B.Eversince C.EventhoughD.Because6.________heis72yearsold,________hekeepsrunningeveryday.A.Although;butB.Although;/C.But;/D.Although;still7.Ilovetolistentorockmusic________Iamrunning.A.while B. after C.since D.until8._______wealwayswaitforanotherday,fruitlesslyourlifewillpassaway.A.Until B.If C.AlthoughD.Whether9._______Iwalkaroundinthissmalltown,whatIseemakesmethinkofmychildhood.A.WhateverB.WhereverC.Whoever10.Wecan'tavoidtrafficaccidentsunlesseveryone_____therules.A.follows B.breaks C.willfollow D.willbreak11.ChineseenjoyshoppingonlineonNov.11,Americanslovegoingtophysicalstores(实体店)justafterThanksgiving.A.soB.orC.whileD.for12.—BettyBenhavejoinedthemusicclub.—That’sgreat!A.Both;andB.Neither;norC.Either;orD.Notonly;butalso13.—CouldyouteachmeEnglish?—Ofcourse.IamgoodatChineseEnglish.A.notB.thanC.aswellasD.while14.—IwroteitinmynotebookIwon’tforgetit.—That’sagoodway.A.assoonasB.whileC.sothatD.soasto15.—WillLilycome?—Idon’tknow.Iwilltellyoushecomes.A.assoonasB.soastoC.asifD.inorderto16.Itwouldbelateforschool.Tomdressedquicklyheputhisshoesonthewrongfeet.A.so;asB.so;thatC.such;thatD.too；to17.Thinkitoveryoumakethefinaldecision,oryoumayregretitlater.A.ifB.beforeC.afterD.when18.—youyoursistercangobecauseoneofyouhavetostayathome.—Webothwanttogo,Mum.A.Both;andB.Either;orC.Neither;norD.Notonly;butalso小语选AHowtodealwiththewasteisagreatproblemfortheworldtoday.Wastermustbetreated___1___itwillnotbecomeadangertolife.Unfortunately,insomecountries,wastefromfactorieswillpourstraightintorivers.Peopleusethewaterfromtheseriversoftengetsick.Thewatermaybecomesopolluted___2____itkillsallthefishintheriver.__3____theseriversfinallyreachthesea,theypollutetheocean.A.eventhough B.until C.sothat D.unlessA.that B.since C.because D.ifA.although B.when C.after D.beforeBIliveinMissouri,neararivercalledtheJacksForkRiver.____4_____Iwasborn,mygrandparentsdecidedtohelpkeeptheriverclean.SothestartedaclubcalledStreamTeam713,____5____IlikeitsanothernamebettertheJacksForkRiverRats.Theclubmakessurethewateriscleanandhealthyforfishandpeople.AndnowIcanhelptakecareoftherivertoo___6___Iamoldenough.A.Although B.Before C.If D.sothatA.but B.until C.when D./A.after B.because C.so D.unlessC___7____Iwassevenyearsold,Istartedtogotoprimaryschool.Iwasveryexcited___8____Ibecameaschoolstudentandlearnschoolsubjects.MyfavouritesubjectwasScience.___9____therewasSciencelessononschoolday,Iwouldbeveryhappy.A.Although B.Until C.Before D.WhenA.after B.because C.so D.butA.If B.Unless C.while D.or语法选择(1)Somepeoplehavealotofhair,while___1__havethinhairorarebaldontopoftheirheads.However,hairproblemscaninfluenceanyoneiftheyhave___2___unhealthydietorlifestyle.Areyouhappywiththehairyouhave?___3___youarenot,trythefollowingadvice.Thefirststeptoahealthierheadofhairistomakesureyou___4____therightkindsoffood.Lackofproteinandironcansecretlystopyourhair___5___beingshinyandbeautiful.Youneedtoeatenoughgreenvegetablesandfruit.___6____inplentyofwaterisalsoimportanttohelpkeepyourhairfromgettingdry.Doctorssuggestthateighttotenglassesshould___7___eachday.Thestressoflife___8___alsochangeyourhair.Now___9___youngpeoplehavemanythingstoworryabout,likedoingdifficulthomeworkorpreparingforimportantexams.___10____isimportantforyoutoreducethepressureyouarefeeling.Listeningtomusicandgettingmorerestcanhelp.Youneedtothinkaboutthewayyoutreatyourhair.Themorecarefullyyoutakecareofyourhair,the____11___yourhairwillbe.Andyoushouldknow___12___isharmfultoyourhair.Forexampletoomuchcolouringcanbebadforyourhair.Also___13____gentlewithyourhair.Donotrubittooquicklywhenyoudryit.Thatcould___14____damageyourhair.Rememberthatusinghairdryerstoomuchcanhurtyourhairtoo.Finally,besuretochoosetherighthairproducts___15_____aregoodforyou.It’snecessaryforyoutocareforyourhair.1.A.theothersB.anotherC.othersD.other2.A.anB.aC.theD./3.A.IfB.HoweverC.UnlessD.Whether4.A.ateB.eatsC.wereeatingD.areeating5.A.atB.forC.fromD.in6.A.TakeB.TakingC.TookD.Taken7.A.drinkB.drankC.bedrunkD.bedrinking8.A.canB.mustC.shouldD.need9.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandthD.thousandsof10.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.What11.A.wellB.betterC.goodD.best12.A.whenB.whatC.thatD.why13.A.beingB.isC.beD.been14.A.easyB.easierC.easinessD.easily15.A.whichB.whatC.whoD.why(2)Whenyoustepinto___1____newenvironment,youmusthaveastrongwishtofitin.Fittinginmeansmakingmorefriends,____2____moreinfluenceonothersandgettingmorechancestoliveahappierlife.Hereissome___3____thatcanhelpyou.Beconfident.Confidenceattractsmostpeople.Everyoneisspecialandthereisonlyoneperson___4___youinthisworld.Spend____5____thinkingaboutyourstrongpoints.Ifso,you___6____buildupconfidencestepbystep.Youwon’thavemuchdifficultfittingin.Bekindtoeveryone.Kindnessisthebridgetoyourown____7____.Whenpeoplenoticeyourkindness,theywillreturnitoneday.Alwaysgivemorethanyoureceive,andthinkmoreofothersthanof____8_____.Aperson____9_____caresforothersispopulareverywhere.Beactiveingroupactivities.Variousactivitieslikeplayingfootballcanhelpyoutobeknownto___10____.Youmayaddmorefriendstoyourcircle.Atthesametime,you’llbe___11_____toseehowmuchtheylikeyou.Insteadof___12_____timebeingalone,goouttodanceandsingtogetherwithotherstodevelopfriendship.Beoptimistic.Optimismmakesbothyouandotherpeoplefeelpleased.Itmakesagoodfirstimpression.Apleasantsmilecoststhe___13____anddoesthemost.Humourcatchesothers’attention____14____.Peoplewilllikeyouformakingthemlivehappily.Ifyoufollowwhatismentionedabove,you___15____bypeoplearoundyou.Asaresult,youwillfitinverywellandenjoyy