2023届河南省郑州市高三5月份考前模拟三英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

第1页/共1页2023年普通高等学校招生考试模拟试题英语(三)本试题卷共8页。全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanusuallylistento?A.Classicalsongs.B.Earlycountrymusic.C.Heavymetalsongs.2.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shelosthergloves.B.Shehurtherhands.C.Shecrashedintoatree.3.Howmuchdoestheticketcost?A.$0.7.B.$4.3.C.$5.0.4.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Findapart-timejob.B.Workasavolunteer.C.Helpwithhousework.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aparty.B.Anovel.C.Amovie.第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whereisthemanlivingnow?A.Athome.B.Inadormitory.C.Inarentedflat.7.WhatdoesJamieaskthewomanfor?A.Afridge.B.Acooker.C.Awashingmachine.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhydidPeterfailthedrivingtest?A.Hedrovetoofast.B.Heranredlights.C.Heoftenforgottobrake.9.WhatdoesPeterthinkofhisdrivinginstructor?A.Veryexperienced.B.Ratherunfriendly.C.Tooexpensive.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whoisgoingtothebeachwiththespeakers?A.Rob’ssister.B.Rob’sbrother.C.Rob’scousin.11.HowdoesRobsuggestgoingfortheirdaytrip?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytrain.12.WhatwillAndreabring?A.Drinks.B.Sausages.C.Sandwiches.13.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atthestation.B.Attheparkinglot.C.AtAndrea’shouse.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatisthewoman?A.Acustomer.B.Asalesclerk.C.Apresenter.15.Whatcanyoudoonthethirdlevel?A.Buyclothes.B.Watchafilm.C.Findabank.16.Whatleftabadimpressiononthemanintheshoppingcenter?A.Thelitterontheground.B.Theserviceintheshops.C.Thefoodinthecafe.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhendidAmericanstudentsstarttotaketreeclimbingcourses?A.Inthe1970s.B.Inthe1980s.C.Inthe2010s.18.Whichofthefollowingstartedtreeclimbingcoursesearliest?A.XiamenUniversity.B.NorthwestUniversity.C.HubeiUniversity.19.WhydidNorthwestUniversitysetupatreeclimbingcourse?A.Toteachsurvivalskills.B.Tostudywildtrees.C.Tocutofftreebranches.20.WheredidcompetitorsfromHubeiUniversitycompetein2017?A.InXi’an.B.InXiamen.C.InHongKong第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThisGeniusDeviceMakesNoLanguage“Foreign”AnymoreWhatIsNativePro?NativeProisaJapanesehigh-techinventionthatistakingtheworldbystorm.Itletsyoucommunicateinmorethan40languages.Thedevicethatwaspreviouslyusedbygovernmentsandlargecorporationsonlyisnowavailabletoyou.Youcanuseitwhentravelling,forbusinessmeetingsorwheneveryouwishtosaysomethinginadifferentlanguage.HowDoesItHelpYou?Choosethelanguageinwhichyouwanttocommunicatebeforeyoupressthe“A”buttonandstarttalking.Thenreleasethe“A”buttonandyourtranslatorwillautomaticallytranslateyourspeechintoaselectedforeignlanguage.Pressbutton“B”andletyourforeignfriendspeak.Thenreleasethe“B”buttonandyourdevicewillautomaticallytranslatehisspeechbackintoyournativelanguageWhatMakesItSoSpecial?

Portabledesignfitseasilyinyourpocket.

Itsupportsreal-timetranslationandtexttranslationisalsoavailable.

Itprovidesfastandaccuratetwo-waycommunicationinover40languages·

withsoundloudenough,itiscomfortabletouseincrowdedplacesandhearclearly.HowCanIBuyTheNativePro?OrdertheNativeProtranslatorfromitsofficialwebsite.Theregularpriceis$200each.Rightnow,youcangeta40%discountoffthat.1.Whatshouldyoudoatfirstwhenusingthedevice?A.Selectaforeignlanguage. B.Talkinyourownlanguage.C.Pressandholdthe“A”button. D.Recordwhattheforeignersays.2.Whichcanbestdescribethedevice?A.Itisweightybuteasytouse. B.Itneedsuserstospeakloudly.C.Itoffersinstanttwo-waytranslation. D.Itissuitableforreadingpractice.3.Howmuchwillyoupayifyoubuytwonow?A.$160. B.$200. C.$240. D.$400.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一篇广告，主要介绍了一款风靡全球的日本高科技发明——NativePro翻译器，介绍了该发明的使用、特色和售价等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Choosethelanguageinwhichyouwanttocommunicatebeforeyoupressthe“A”buttonandstarttalking.(选择你想要交流的语言，然后按下“A”键开始说话。)”可知，使用这个设备的第一件事是选择自己想要交流的语言。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“WhatMakesItSoSpecial?”部分的“Itsupportsreal-timetranslationandtexttranslationisalsoavailable.(支持实时翻译，支持文字翻译。)”和“Itprovidesfastandaccuratetwo-waycommunicationinover40languages.(提供40多种语言的快速、准确的双向交流)”可知，这个设备可以提供即时、双向的翻译。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“HowCanIBuyTheNativePro?”部分的“OrdertheNativeProtranslatorfromitsofficialwebsite.Theregularpriceis$200each.Rightnow,youcangeta40%discountoffthat.(从其官方网站订购nativepro翻译器。正价是每个200美元。现在，你可以享受四折优惠。)”可知，目前从官网订购nativepro翻译器可享受四折优惠，也就是一个售价200*0.6=120美元，那么两个就是240美元。故选C。BTomBrown’sorchard(果园),knownasHeritageApples,ishometo700varietiesofapples.Theyareamongthe1,200endangeredvarietiesthatBrownhasrecoveredfromsixsouthernstates.Manyofthesehavenotbeensoldforacenturyorso.Infact,heclonedsomeoftheapplesfromthelastremainingtreesoftheirkinds.BeforeBrowndiscoveredlostapples,hewasachemicalengineerwho,alongwithhiswife,MerrikayBrown,enjoyedvisitingfarmers’markets.Itwasatone,in1999,thathebecamefascinatedbybasketsfullofheritageappleswithunfamiliarnamessuchasKane,Lawver,RustyCoat,andRambo.Theseappleshadshapes,colors,andtasteslikenoapplesBrownhadeverseenbefore.ThesellerMauriceMarshalltoldhimotherlostapplesmightstillbefoundinthearea.Interested,Brownwentinsearchofthem.Brownadvertisedinareanewspapersseekinginformationaboutoldappletrees.Theresponsewasexciting,butfewbroughtconcreteinformation.Actually,mostoftheleadsaboutthewhereaboutsoftheseoldtreescomefrompeopleintheir70s,80s,and90s,manyofwhomhemetatlocalbusinessesandatfestivalswhereheexhibitedheritageapples.WhenBrownfindsatree,hecutsabranchoffandreturnsduringfruitingseasontoidentifythem.Hecomparesleavesandapplestohistoricalseedcatalogs,andusesphotostocorrespondwithexpertsforfurtherconfirmation.In1905,thereweremorethan7,000applevarietiesintheUnitedStates.Thenpeoplemovedtourbanareasandgrewlessoftheirownfoodwhilelargeagribusinessespreferredsellingfewervarieties,onesthatwerefamiliarandshippedeasily.Savingthelong-forgottenfruitsisaraceagainsttime.Now,the79-year-oldhastodriveover30,000milesayearanddevotesaroundthreedaysaweektoapple-hunting.Hehopestorecoveranother100varietiesormoreinhislifetime.4.WhatdowelearnabouttheapplesinBrown’sorchard?A.Theyarerarespecies. B.Theyaremostlyclones.C.Theysellwellinthemarket. D.Theyadapttodifferentclimates.5.WhatdidBrowndecidetodoaftertalkingwithMarshall?A.Helphimpromotefruits. B.Recoverthelostapples.C.Learntoplantfruittreesfromhim. D.Tastetheapplesmentionedbyhim.6.HowdidBrownlocatemostofthelostvarieties?A.Byreferringtodocuments. B.Byputtingadvertisements.C.Byconsultingtheelderly. D.Bycommunicatingwithexperts.7.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusaboutBrown?A.Hiscolorfulretirementlife.B.Hisworkinprotectingfruittrees.C.Hisloveforpopularizinggardening.D.Hiscontributionstosavinglostapplespecies.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了布朗用自己的一生寻找成百上千的遗失的苹果种类的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Theyareamongthe1,200endangeredvarietiesthatBrownhasrecoveredfromsixsouthernstates.Manyofthesehavenotbeensoldforacenturyorso.(它们是布朗从南部六个州寻回的1200种濒危品种。其中许多已经有一个世纪左右没有卖过了。)”可知，布朗果园里的苹果都是稀有的濒危品种，故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“ThesellerMauriceMarshalltoldhimotherlostapplesmightstillbefoundinthearea.Interested,Brownwentinsearchofthem.(卖家莫里斯.马歇尔告诉他，在这个地区可能还能找到其他遗失的苹果。布朗决定去寻找它们。)可知，在与马歇尔谈话后，布朗决定找回遗失的苹果，故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Actually,mostoftheleadsaboutthewhereaboutsoftheseoldtreescomefrompeopleintheir70s,80s,and90s,manyofwhomhemetatlocalbusinessesandatfestivalswhereheexhibitedheritageapples.(事实上，关于这些古树下落的大多数线索都来自七十多、八十多和九十多岁的老人，其中许多人是他在当地企业和展览传统苹果的节日上遇到的。)可知，布朗是通过咨询老年人找到大部分遗失的品种的，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文特别是最后一段最后两句“Now,the79-year-oldhastodriveover30,000milesayearanddevotesaroundthreedaysaweektoapple-hunting.Hehopestorecoveranother100varietiesormoreinhislifetime.(现在，这位79岁的老人每年要开车3万多英里，每周要花三天左右的时间去找苹果。他希望在他的一生中再发现100个或更多的品种。)”可知，文章主要讲述老人布朗寻找遗失的苹果，保护苹果种类的故事，因此推断作者的目的是讲述布朗为拯救失去的苹果物种所做的贡献。故选D。CAccordingtostatistics,358beespeciesliveintheNetherlands,butmorethanhalfofthemarepartoftheDutchredlist—acataloglistingendangeredspecies.Tosupporttheinsects,thecityofUtrechtCouncil,togetherwithadvertisingagencyClearChannel,hastransformed316busstopsacrossthecityinto“beebusstops”.Theyarelikeordinarybusshelters,butsmallgardenshavebeenaddedtotheroofs.Thegardensarefilledwithgrassandwildflowerschosentoattractbees.Thecityauthoritiesputtheprojectouttotender(投标).Inthetender,theyoutlinedtherequirementsandencouragedapplicantstodevelopanature-inclusivedesignthatoffersecologicalbenefitstothecity.Finally,theysignedanagreementwithClearChannel,whowonthetenderandsetup316busshelters.Theprojectdidn’tcostthecitygovernmentanything.Theoperatorsareresponsiblefortheupkeepofthestopscitywide,usingincomefromadvertising.Thebussheltershavebroughtaboutgreatchangesinthecity.Greenroofscatchfinedust,storerainwaterandprovidecoolingintheheat.Theyalsoensurebiodiversityinthecity.Therearealso96busstopsfittedoutwithLEDlightingandbamboobenches.Thebaseplateisalsomadefromrecycledconcrete.Theadvantagesofthebusstopshavenotgoneunnoticedbythemedia.Butwhatparticularlyhascaughtthemedia’sattentionisthattheseeco-friendlysheltersmakepeoplehappyandenthusiastic,andencouragethemtodosomethingfornature.ThisuniqueDutchcityevenhasaprogramforresidentswhocantransformtheirownroofsintogreenroofsforbees.Residentsinterestedinthiscanapplyforgovernmentallowances.Clickhereformoreinformationanddetails.8.WhydidtheUtrechtCounciladdgreenroofstoitsbusshelters?A.Tobeautifytheurbanspace. B.Topromotepublictransport.C.Tooffercomforttotravellers. D.Tostopthebeepopulationdecline.9.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Howthecostswereshared. B.Howtheprojectwasoperated.C.Whatwasineludedinthetender. D.Whytheagreementwasreached.10.Whatimpressesthemediamostaboutthebusshelters?A.Thevarietyofthechosenplants.B.Theirroleinreducingairpollution.C.Theuseofenergy-savingLEDlights.D.Theireffectonpeople’senvironmentalawareness.11.Whoisthetextmainlyintendedfor?A.Localtourists. B.Newsreporters.C.Utrechtcitizens. D.Projectmanagers.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了荷兰的Utrecht市议会与广告公司ClearChannel合作，将全市316个公交车站改造成了“蜜蜂公交车站”，以帮助保护蜜蜂。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Tosupporttheinsects,thecityofUtrechtCouncil,togetherwithadvertisingagencyClearChannel,hastransformed316busstopsacrossthecityinto“beebusstops”.Theyarelikeordinarybusshelters,butsmallgardenshavebeenaddedtotheroofs.Thegardensarefilledwithgrassandwildflowerschosentoattractbees.(为了支持这些昆虫，Utrecht市议会与广告公司ClearChannel合作，将全市316个公交车站改造成了“蜜蜂公交车站”。它们就像普通的公交候车亭，但屋顶上增加了小花园。花园里种满了为了吸引蜜蜂而挑选的草和野花)”可知，Utrecht市议会在公交候车亭增加绿色屋顶是为了吸引蜜蜂，也就是说为了防止蜜蜂数量的减少。故选D。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Thecityauthoritiesputtheprojectouttotender(投标).Inthetender,theyoutlinedtherequirementsandencouragedapplicantstodevelopanature-inclusivedesignthatoffersecologicalbenefitstothecity.Finally,theysignedanagreementwithClearChannel,whowonthetenderandsetup316busshelters.Theprojectdidn’tcostthecitygovernmentanything.Theoperatorsareresponsiblefortheupkeepofthestopscitywide,usingincomefromadvertising.(市政当局把这项工程对外招标。在招标中，他们概述了要求，并鼓励申请人开发一个自然包容的设计，为城市提供生态效益。最后，他们与清晰通道签订协议，清晰通道中标，并兴建316个巴士候车亭。这个项目没有花费市政府一分钱。运营商负责维护全市范围内的车站，使用广告收入)”可知，第二段主要讲述了该工程是如何运作的。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Butwhatparticularlyhascaughtthemedia’sattentionisthattheseeco-friendlysheltersmakepeoplehappyandenthusiastic,andencouragethemtodosomethingfornature.(但特别引起媒体注意的是，这些环保的庇护所让人们感到快乐和热情，并鼓励他们为自然做点什么)”可知，使媒体印象最为深刻的是，改造来保护蜜蜂的公交候车亭对人们环保意识的激励。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ThisuniqueDutchcityevenhasaprogramforresidentswhocantransformtheirownroofsintogreenroofsforbees.Residentsinterestedinthiscanapplyforgovernmentallowances.Clickhereformoreinformationanddetails.(这座独特的荷兰城市甚至为居民提供了一个项目，他们可以把自己的屋顶变成蜜蜂的绿色屋顶。对此感兴趣的居民可以申请政府津贴。点击这里了解更多信息和细节)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了Utrecht市议会与广告公司ClearChannel合作，将全市316个公交车站改造成了“蜜蜂公交车站”的事情，并且在最后一段对所有市民发出倡议，倡议他们一起保护蜜蜂。由此推知，这篇文章是写给Utrecht市民的。故选C。DSomeexpertshavebeenconcernedlatelyaboutrobotsleavinghumansbehind,takingourjobsandpossiblyalotmore,asinsci-fifilms.ChristofKoch,afamousneuroscientist(神经学家),hassuggestedanovelmethod.Tokeepupwiththemachines,weshouldincreaseourbrainpowerwithbrainimplants(植人物).Kochnotesthatbrainimplantsarealreadyhelpingtheparalyzedorpeopleunabletomovecontrolcomputersandrobots,andtheyarebeingexploredforthetreatmentofmentaldisorders.Futureimplantscouldhelpusdownloadhugeamountsofinformationinstantly,hesays,sowecanlearn“novelskillsandfactswithouteventrying”.“Anotherexcitingaspect,”Kochsays,“iscombiningtwoormorebrainsintoasingleconsciousmindbydirectneuron-to-neuronlinks.”Kochcallsfora“crashprogram”inbraintechnologiestomakeussmarter.ButKochignorestheobviousfactsthatbadpersonscanhack(侵入)intooursmartphonesandlaptops.Whatifhackerscouldattackourbrains?Theymaybeabletospyon,changeorcontrolthememoriesofpeopleimplantedwithbraindevices.What’smore,wearenowhereclosetobeingabletostrengthenthebraininthemannerthatKochimagines.Scientistshavebeenexperimentingwithneuro-technologiesformentalillnessformorethanhalfacentury,andtheyhavelittletoshowforit.Kochgenuinelyfearedthatscience,farfromaddressingourproblems,mightexacerbatethem.Theuseofrobotsintheworkshop,forexample,couldcausemassunemployment.Dowejustcounttheimmediatejoblosses—withoutmeasuringanyotherpotentialpositiveeffectontheeconomy?Despitelosingsomejobstorobotsintheshortterm,theincreaseinproductivitywillhelpouroveralleconomygrowfaster,which,inturn,willcreatemore,higherqualityjobsthanwehadbefore.Thefutureisnotasscaryaswethink.Perhapswe’vegotseriousproblemsonourhands,andwehavealotofworktodotosettlethem.Brainimplantsarenottheanswer.12.WhatleadstoKoch’soptimismaboutfuturebrainimplants?A.ThegreatadvanceinAIresearch.B.Theirapplicationinmedicalfields.C.Thebreakthroughinsurgicaltechniques.D.Theireasyadaptationtothehumanbody.13.HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutKoch’s“crashprogram”inbraintechnologies?A.Disapproving. B.Unconcerned. C.Favorable. D.Excited.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacerbate”inparagraph4mean?A.Avoid. B.Worsen. C.Reduce. D.Answer.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?AAreBrainImplantsatRiskofHackerAttack?B.WillRobotsTakethePlaceofHumansinFuture?C.WillBrainImplantsLettheDisabledLiveNormally?D.DoWeNeedBrainImplantstoKeepUpwithRobots?【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了大脑植入是否能够帮助我们解决技术所带来的问题——机器人会把人类抛在后面，抢走我们的工作，甚至一切。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Kochnotesthatbrainimplantsarealreadyhelpingtheparalyzedorpeopleunabletomovecontrolcomputersandrobots,andtheyarebeingexploredforthetreatmentofmentaldisorders.Futureimplantscouldhelpusdownloadhugeamountsofinformationinstantly,hesays,sowecanlearn“novelskillsandfactswithouteventrying”.(科赫指出，大脑植入物已经在帮助瘫痪或无法移动的人控制电脑和机器人，并且正在探索用于治疗精神障碍。他说，未来的植入物可以帮助我们立即下载大量信息，这样我们就可以“毫不费力地学习新的技能和事实”)”可知，科赫认为目前大脑植入物已经在帮助瘫痪或无法移动的人控制电脑和机器人，并且正在探索用于治疗精神障碍。所以他对于未来的大脑植入物能够帮助我们毫不费力地学习新技能和事实抱有乐观的态度。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ButKochignorestheobviousfactsthatbadpersonscanhack(侵入)intooursmartphonesandlaptops.Whatifhackerscouldattackourbrains?Theymaybeabletospyon,changeorcontrolthememoriesofpeopleimplantedwithbraindevices.What’smore,wearenowhereclosetobeingabletostrengthenthebraininthemannerthatKochimagines.(但科赫忽略了一个显而易见的事实：坏人可以侵入我们的智能手机和笔记本电脑。如果黑客可以攻击我们的大脑呢？他们或许能够监视、改变或控制植入大脑设备的人的记忆。更重要的是，我们离能够以科赫想象的方式增强大脑还差得很远)”可知，作者对于科赫的想法是不赞同的。故选A。【14题详解】词义辨析题。根据划线单词下一句“Theuseofrobotsintheworkshop,forexample,couldcausemassunemployment.(例如，在车间使用机器人可能会导致大规模失业)”可知，在车间使用机器人会导致大规模失业，也就是说在车间使用机器人只可能加剧问题而不是解决问题。所以划线单词和“加剧”意思相似。选项A“Avoid(避免)”；选项B“Worsen(恶化)”；选项C“Reduce(减少)”；选项D“Answer(回答)”。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“ChristofKoch,afamousneuroscientist(神经学家),hassuggestedanovelmethod.Tokeepupwiththemachines,weshouldincreaseourbrainpowerwithbrainimplants(植人物).(著名的神经学家克里斯特·科赫提出了一种新方法。为了跟上机器的步伐，我们应该通过植入大脑来提高我们的智力)”、第二段“Kochnotesthatbrainimplantsarealreadyhelpingtheparalyzedorpeopleunabletomovecontrolcomputersandrobots,andtheyarebeingexploredforthetreatmentofmentaldisorders.(科赫指出，大脑植入物已经在帮助瘫痪或无法移动的人控制电脑和机器人，并且正在探索用于治疗精神障碍)”、第三段“ButKochignorestheobviousfactsthatbadpersonscanhack(侵入)intooursmartphonesandlaptops.(但科赫忽略了一个显而易见的事实:坏人可以侵入我们的智能手机和笔记本电脑)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了我们是否需要大脑植入物来跟上机器人。所以“DoWeNeedBrainImplantstoKeepUpwithRobots?(我们需要大脑植入物来跟上机器人吗?)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoHandlePeer(同龄人)PressurePeerpressureistheinfluenceapersonfeelsfromothersinhispeergroup.Thepersonmaybeencouragedtochangehisbehavior,attitudes,andevenvaluestomatchhispeers.____16____becauseofadesiretoberecognizedaswellasforafearofnotbelonging.Peerpressureinrelationtoadolescenceiscommonlyassociatedwithriskyorbadbehavior.Herearesometipstoovercomeit.Choosepositivefriends.Whendealingwithpeerpressure,startbychoosingfriendswhoarelike-mindedandbehavepositively.Surroundyourselfwithfriendswhowon’tpressureyoutodothings.____17____Ifyourfriendsdon’tmakebaddecisions,you’relesslikelytomakethem,too.Saynotoavoidpeerpressure.Forexample,ifafewkidsinschooltrytogetyoutocutclasswiththem,justsaynotoshowthatyou’renotwillingtocompromise.Thiswillsaveyouthetroubleofgettingpressuredagaininthefuture.____18____Getadvicefromanadult.Ifyoufacepeerpressurethat’shardtohandle,getadvicefromanadultyoutrust.Talktoaparentorateacher.____19____Plus,theycanhelpyouprepareforthenexttimeyoufacepeerpressure.____20____Atypicalexamplewouldbethatastudentfeelspressuredbyhispeerstoperformwellontests.Positivepeerpressureismorelikelytosetpeopleupforsuccess.A.TheycanhelpyoufeelmuchbetterB.PeopletendtobeunderpeerpressureC.PeerpressureisnotalwaysabadthingD.Instead,youcanchooseadifferentfriendgroupE.Otherwise,youarelikelytofaceseriousconsequencesF.AnotherwayistospendyourtimedoingmeaningfulactivitiesG.Theyshouldacceptyouforwhoyouarewithoutwantingtochangeyou【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.A20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法来帮助我们克服同龄压力。【16题详解】根据空前“Peerpressureistheinfluenceapersonfeelsfromothersinhispeergroup.Thepersonmaybeencouragedtochangehisbehavior,attitudes,andevenvaluestomatchhispeers.(同龄压力是一个人从他的同龄群体中感受到的影响。这个人可能会被鼓励改变他的行为、态度，甚至价值观，以适应他的同龄人。)”可知，上文讲述的是同龄压力是一个人从同领人那里感受到的影响。选项B“Peopletendtobeunderpeerpressure(人们容易承受同龄压力)”是上文内容的延续，同时下文“becauseofadesiretoberecognizedaswellasforafearofnotbelonging.(因为渴望被认可，也因为害怕没有归属感。)”也解释了产生同龄压力的原因。由此判断，选项B符合上下文内容。故选B。【17题详解】根据上文内容“Choosepositivefriends.Whendealingwithpeerpressure,startbychoosingfriendswhoarelike-mindedandbehavepositively.Surroundyourselfwithfriendswhowon’tpressureyoutodothings.(选择积极的朋友。在处理同龄压力时，首先选择志同道合的朋友。和不会给你压力的朋友在一起。)”可知，上文主要建议我们选择志同道合的朋友。选项G“Theyshouldacceptyouforwhoyouarewithoutwantingtochangeyou(他们应该接受真实的你，而不是想要改变你)”与上文内容一致，指的都是选择志同道合的朋友，而不是不能接受真实的你的朋友。故选G。【18题详解】根据空前内容“Saynotoavoidpeerpressure.Forexample,ifafewkidsinschooltrytogetyoutocutclasswiththem,justsaynotoshowthatyou’renotwillingtocompromise.Thiswillsaveyouthetroubleofgettingpressuredagaininthefuture.(说“不”以避免同龄压力。例如，如果学校里有几个孩子想让你和他们一起逃课，你就说不，以表明你不愿意妥协。这将省去你在未来再次受到压力的麻烦。)”可以推断，上文主要建议我们要学会拒绝，并且举例说明如果有人让我们做不好的事情，我们要学会拒绝。只有这样，我们才能避免再次受到压力。选项E“Otherwise,youarelikelytofaceseriousconsequences(否则，你可能会面临严重的后果)”是上文内容的延续，指的是如果我们不会拒绝，就会面临严重的后果。故选E。【19题详解】根据空前内容“Getadvicefromanadult.Ifyoufacepeerpressurethat’shardtohandle,getadvicefromanadultyoutrust.Talktoaparentorateacher.(听取成年人的建议。如果你面临难以应对的同龄压力，向你信任的成年人寻求建议。和父母或老师谈谈。)”可知，上文建议我们要听取成年人的建议。而下文“Plus,theycanhelpyouprepareforthenexttimeyoufacepeerpressure.(另外，他们可以帮助你为下一次面对同龄压力做好准备。)”则讲述了这样做的好处。根据“plus”可推断，空处指的也是这样做的好处。选项A“Theycanhelpyoufeelmuchbetter(他们能帮助你感觉好很多)”指的正是向所信任的成年人寻求建议的好处。内容上与下文一致。故选A。【20题详解】根据下文“Atypicalexamplewouldbethatastudentfeelspressuredbyhispeerstoperformwellontests.Positivepeerpressureismorelikelytosetpeopleupforsuccess.(一个典型的例子是，一个学生感到同龄人的压力，这让他在考试中表现出色。积极的同龄压力更有可能使人们走向成功。)”可知，下文讲述的是同龄压力带来的好处。选项C“Peerpressureisnotalwaysabadthing(同龄压力并不总是坏事)”符合下文内容，指的都是同龄压力也会带来好处。故选C。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Awarmcupofteacanseemtohealthesoul.Anewstudyfindsitmaybegoodforyour____21____,too.PaststudiesinChinaandJapanhavesuggestedthatgreentea____22____drinkers.Now,scientistssay____23____teamayshowsimilarbenefits.ScientistsfromtheUnitedStatesNationalCancerInstitutecarriedoutthe____24____.Theyexaminedyearsofdatagatheredabouttheteadrinking____25____ofalmost500,000adultsinBritainforasmanyas14years.Theresearchers____26____thatpeoplewhodranktwoormorecupsofteadaily____27____werelesslikelytohave____28____fromallcausesthanthosewhodidn’t.Thescientistssaidthe____29____riskofdeathheldtrueforthe_____30_____withheartdiseasesandstroke.However,therewasnoclearfindinginconnectionwithdeathsfrom_____31_____.Researcherswerenotsurewhy.“Itis_____32_____thatthereweretoofewconfirmedcancerdeathsto_____33_____,”explainedMakiInoue-Choi,wholedthestudy.Allkindsoftea—green,black,oolong,andwhite—areproducedfromthesametreeplantusingdifferent_____34_____methods.Antioxidants(抗氧化物)inblackteaaremajor_____35_____tohealthbenefits.AgroupofantioxidantscalledFlavonoidsarethoughttobe_____36_____forhearthealth.That’swhyblackteahelpsdrinkerslivelonger.Theresearchersdonotofferenough_____37_____toadvisepeopletostartdrinkingteaorthechangehowmuchtheyare_____38_____rightnow.Theyneedmoreresearchto_____39_____thefindings.ButInoue-Choisaid,“Ifyouarealreadydrinkingtea,youcan_____40_____doingso.”21.A.brain B.feeling C.body D.work22.A.strengthens B.comforts C.refreshes D.benefits23.A.black B.green C.white D.oolong24.A.task B.study C.experiment D.reform25.A.behaviors B.burdens C.opinions D.interests26.A.admitted B.understood C.suspected D.found27.A.meanwhile B.afterwards C.therefore D.otherwise28.A.suffered B.died C.escaped D.recovered29.A.increased B.removed C.lowered D.avoided30.A.patients B.subjects C.Chinese D.Japanese31.A.cancer B.heartdisease C.stroke D.commonillness32.A.certain B.possible C.vital D.necessary33.A.cure B.record C.measure D.count34.A.packaging B.shipping C.marketing D.processing35.A.approaches B.responses C.contributors D.entrances36.A.unacceptable B.responsible C.famous D.ready37.A.knowledge B.guidance C.evidence D.conclusion38.A.growing B.purchasing C.storing D.drinking39.A.roundout B.passround C.putdown D.bringup40.A.quit B.delay C.advocate D.continue【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.D27.B28.B29.C30.B31.A32.B33.C34.D35.C36.B37.C38.D39.A40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究表明，饮茶者可能更健康。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项新的研究发现，它可能对你的身体也有好处。A.brain大脑；B.feeling感觉；C.body身体；D.work工作。根据上文“Awarmcupofteacanseemtohealthesoul.”及后文可知，茶对人体有好处。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国和日本过去的研究表明，绿茶对饮用者有益。A.strengthens加强；B.comforts安慰；C.refreshes提神；D.benefits有益。根据下文“Now,scientistssay____3____teamayshowsimilarbenefits.”可知，过去研究发现喝绿茶对人体有益。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，科学家表示，红茶可能也有类似功效。A.black黑色的；B.green绿色的；C.white白色的；D.oolong乌龙茶。blacktea红茶。根据下文“Antioxidants(抗氧化物)inblackteaaremajor____15____tohealthbenefits.”可知，科学家发现红茶对人体也有益。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国国家癌症研究所的科学家进行了这项研究。A.task任务；B.study研究；C.experiment实验；D.reform改革。根据下文“Theyexaminedyearsofdatagatheredabouttheteadrinking____5____ofalmost500,000adultsinBritainforasmanyas14years.”可知，科学家对喝茶进行了研究。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了英国近50万成年人长达14年的饮茶行为数据。A.behaviors行为；B.burdens负担；C.opinions观点；D.interests兴趣。根据下文“thatpeoplewhodranktwoormorecupsofteadaily”可知，科学家研究的是饮茶行为数据。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员发现，与不喝茶的人相比，每天喝两杯或两杯以上茶的人以后死于各种原因的可能性更小。A.admitted承认；B.understood理解；C.suspected嫌疑；D.found发现。根据“thatpeoplewhodranktwoormorecupsofteadaily____7____werelesslikelytohave____8____fromallcausesthanthosewhodidn’t.”