2016秋课堂点睛上册八译林英语教学课件导学案等unit4grammar

GrammarGrammar

APut

up

a

picture

on

the

wall.Put

up

a

shelf

on

the

wall.We

start

a

sentence

with

the

base

form

of

a

verbwhen

we

want

to

tell

people

what

to

do.Don’t

swim

here.Don’t

park

your

bike

here.We

add

‘don’t’

in

front

of

the

verb

when

we

wantto

tell

people

not

to

do

something.祈使句的概念祈使句表示请求、命令等。它的主语是

you（听话人），通常不说出。祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词一律用动词原形。祈使句末用惊叹号或句号，句子用降调。祈使句的结构1)

祈使句的肯定结构①

Do型（以行为动词原形开头），例如：Sit

down!

坐下！

Stand

up!

起立！②

Be型（以be开头），例如：Be

quiet!

安静！Be

careful！小心！③Let型（以let开头），例如：

Let

me

try.让我试试看。Let’s

look

at

the

map.

让我们看看地图。let’s是let

us的简略式。表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上please,构成句式：Please…或…,please.以使语气更加缓和或客气。例如：Please

stand

up.或Stand

up,please.请站起来。Please

have

a

rest.

或Have

a

rest,

please.请休息一下。2)祈使句的否定结构，一律在肯定结构前加Do

not

(Don’t)。例如：Don’t

go

there,please.请别去那儿。

Don’t

be

late

for

class!

上课别迟到！

Don’t

let

him

in.不要让他进来。Park

your

bike

here.Please

go

slowly.Don’t

smoke

here.Don’t

fish

here.Be

quiet,

please.Don’t

make

any

noise.Millie

is

teaching

her

classmates

howtomake

cards

tohelp

themrememberthings

better.

Look

at

the

pictures

andhelp

Millie

complete

the

instruction.How

to

make

cards

Cut

out pieces

of cardwith a

pairof

scissors.cut

draw

give

keep

look

try

writeWrite

some

words

or

a

sentence

oneach

card.cut

draw

give

keep

look

try

writeDraw

a

picture about

the

words

orsentence

on

the

other

side

of

the

card.cut

draw

give

keep

look

try

writeLook

at

the

picture

antdry

toremember

what

is

on

the

other

side.cut

draw

give

keep

look

try

writePleasedon’t

give

(not)uKpe.ep

trying,and

you

willfindyou

can

rememberthingsbetter.cut

draw

give

keep

look

try

write剪出……写一些话或一个句子在每张卡上在卡的另一面尝试做某事记住某事放弃放弃某事/做某事坚持尝试把事情记得更好cutout…write

some

words

or

asentenceoneachsideon

the

other

side

of

the

cardtry

to

do

sth.remember

sth.give

upgive

up

sth.

/

doing

sth.keep

tryingremember

things

betterUseful

ExpressionsGrammar

BWe

use

‘should’

and

‘had

better’

when

giving

adviceand

telling

people

what

is

the

best

or

right

thingto

do.1.

Please

know

a

little

about

DIY.You

should

know

a

little

about

DIY.You

had

better

know

a

little

about

DIY.We

use

‘should’

and

‘had

better’

when

giving

adviceand

telling

people

what

is

the

best

or

right

thingto

do.2.

Please

put

in

a

brighter

light

in

the

room.You

should

put

in

a

brighter

light

in

the

room.You

had

better

put

in

a

brighter

light

in

the

room.3.

Don’t

hit

the

pipe.You

should

not/

shouldn’t

hit

the

pipe.You

had

better

not

hit

the

pipe.We

use

‘should’

and

‘had

better’

when

giving

adviceand

telling

people

what

is

the

best

or

right

thingto

do.4.

Don’t

paint

the

whole

room

blue.You

should

not/shouldn’t paintthewholeroomblue.You

had

better

not

paint

the

whole

room

blue.We

use

‘should’

and

‘had

better’

when

giving

adviceand

telling

people

what

is

the

best

or

right

thingto

do.当我们给他人提建议时，可以用had

better和should，表示“最好”或“应该”做某事，hadbetter的语气比should强一些。Your

watch

is

broken.

You

had

better

buya

new

one.你的手表坏了，你最好买个新的。You

should

exercise

more.你应该多锻炼。hadbetter(常简略为’dbetter)，是一固定词组，后面必须跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。构成：had

better

do

sth.句型。

You’d

better

go

to

hospital

at

once.你最好立即去医院看病。Tom,

you’d

better

go

there

today.汤姆，你最好今天去那儿。had

better

的否定式是将not直接放在hadbetter的后面。You

had

better

not

be

late

for

school.你最好不要上学迟到。should后面也要跟动词原形，且没有人称和数的变化。You

should

stop

smoking.你应该戒烟。should

的否定式是should

not/shouldn’t。You

shouldn’t

put

so

many

books

on

theshelf.你不应该在架子上放如此多的书。DIY

adviceSuzy

is

givingDIY

advice

toherclassmates.

Read

the

advice

below.

HelpSuzy

make

sentences

with

should

(not)or

hadbetter

(not).DIY

adviceRead

the

advice

and

make

sentences

withshould

(not)

or

had

better(not).begin

your

work

without

reading

themYou

shouldn’t

begin

your

work

withoutreading

them.You

had

better

not

begin

your

work

withoutreading

them.DIY

adviceRead

the

advice

and

make

sentences

withshould

(not)

or

had

better(not).join

a

DIY

club

to

learn

more

about

itYou

should

join

a

DIY

club

to

learnmore

about

it.You

had

better

join

a

DIY

club

to

learnmore

about

it.DIY

adviceRead

the

advice

and

make

sentences

withshould

(not)

or

had

better(not).be

patientYou

should

be

patient.You

had

better

be

patient.DIY

adviceRead

the

advice

and

make

sentences

withshould

(not)

or

had

better(not).buy

some

to

learn

more

about

itYou

should

buy

some

to

learn

more

about

it.You

had

better

buy

some

to

learnmoreabout

it.DIY

adviceRead

the

advice

and

make

sentences

withshould

(not)

or

had

better(not).play

with

them

when

you

do

DIY

jobsYou

should

not

play

with

them

whenyou

do

DIY

jobs.You

had

better

not

play

with

them

whenyou

do

DIY

jobs.a

begin

your

work

without

reading

themb

join

a

DIY

club

to

learn

more

about

itc

bepatientd

buy

some

to

learn

more

about

ite

play

with

them

when

you

do

DIY

jobs1.

There

are

many

useful

booksabout

DIY.You

should

/

had

better

buy

some

tolearn

more

aboutit.2.

DIY

is

not

easy.You

should/

had

better

join

a

DIYclub

to

learn

more

about

it.3.

Instructions

are

important.You

shouldn’t

/

had

better

not

beginyour

work

without

reading

them.4.

Scissors

can

bedangerous.You

should

/

had

better

becareful

when

you

use

them.5.

Sometimes

it’ll

take

time

to

do

a

DIY

job.You

should/

had

better

be

patient.当我们向他人发出命令、提出要求或建议时，常使用祈使句。其主语通常不明确表示出来。其否定形式是在动词原形前加donot/don’t。为了表示客气和礼貌，可以加上please。当我们给他人提建议时，可以用hadbetter和should，表示“最好”或“应该”做某事。否定形式是had

better

not和shouldnot/shouldn’t。I.

单项选择。1.TheTVistooloud.Please

.A.

turn

it

downC.

turn

down

itB.

to

turn

it

downD.

to

turn

down

it2.

lateagain,Bill!A.

Don't

to

beC.

NotbeB.

Don't

beD.

Benot3.

cross

the

road

until

the

trafficlights

turn

green.A.

NotC.Doesn'tB.

Won'tD.Don't4.

me

the

truth,

or

I'll

be

angry.A.

TellingC.

ToldB.

To

tellD.

Tell